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anything that is controversial, but we want to focus on the museum's and this show's strengths." Kurin expressed the
Smithsonian's desire to be responsive to public opinion, but also emphasized the remaining exhibit's importance. "We are sensitive to what the public thinks about our shows and programs," he said. "We stand behind the show. It has strong scholarship with great pieces by artists who are recognized by a whole panoply of experts. It represents a segment of America." On December 13, the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts, one of the principal sponsors of the exhibit, said it would ask for its $ 100,000 donation back if the film was not restored. Clough replied, "...the Smithsonian's decision to remove the video was a difficult one and we stand by it." The donation was returned, and the Warhol Foundation ceased to support National Portrait Gallery exhibits. The Robert Mapplethorpe Foundation, which donated $ 10,000 to support the exhibit, also ended all funding for future Smithsonian exhibitions. Both decisions drew criticism from some gay rights supporters, who felt the funding cuts were too draconian since the remainder of the pieces continued to be exhibited.
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obviously important living people were acquired while they still lived). After an initial affirmative determination by curators at a monthly curatorial meeting, the
National Portrait Gallery Commission (the museum's board of directors) approved the person's inclusion. The commission was initially quite conservative in its assessment of "historically significant," although this position began to be more relaxed by 1969. As of 2006, the definition of "historically significant" had become quite loose, although "some kind of fame or notoriety remains a prerequisite". Portraits of living individuals or those dead less than 10 years are also now allowed to be displayed in the museum, as long as their inclusion is clearly important (such as presidents or generals).
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704:(hence the name of the portrait). Lansdowne died in 1805, and in 1890 the painting was purchased by the 5th Earl of Rosebery. The Lansdowne portrait was displayed only three times in the United States (although several copies remained in America). On its third trip in 1968, it was exhibited by the National Portrait Gallery, and it remained there on indefinite loan. Lord Rosebery offered to sell the painting for $ 20 million, a price at the low end of estimates. But the offer came with a deadline of April 1, 2001. A search for a donor, personally led by Smithsonian Secretary
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The delay cost the
Smithsonian $ 10 million. In October 2005, the Donald W. Reynolds Foundation made a $ 45 million donation to the NPG to finish both the building renovation and the canopy. The Smithsonian agreed to call the two museums, the conservation center, courtyard, storage facility, and other operations within the Old Patent Office complex the "Donald W. Reynolds Center for American Art and Portraiture" in appreciation for the gift. The National Portrait Gallery reopened on July 1, 2006. The total cost of the building's renovation was $ 283 million.
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886:, and other media are allowed to enter. Works must be created through a face-to-face encounter with the subject. The inaugural competition in 2006 drew more than 4000 entries, from which 51 finalists were chosen. For the 2013 competition the total prize money of $ 42,000 was awarded to the top eight commended artists, and the winner received $ 25,000 and a commission to make a portrait for the museum's permanent collection. The subject of the commission is decided jointly by the artist and the NPG curators. The 2006 winner was
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1402:(a non-profit advocate for responsible planning and land use). GSA reversed course and said in June 1956 it no longer wanted to demolish the building. However, the agency said it would continue to use it for federal office space (which was in short supply) until the Civil Service Commission vacated the structure. On March 21, 1958, Congress unanimously passed legislation authorizing the transfer of the building to the Smithsonian for a national art museum. President
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364:'s birth). The following year, the NPG completed the Catalog of American Portraits, the first inventory of portraiture held by the Smithsonian. The catalog also documented the physical characteristics of each artwork, and its provenance (author, date, ownership, etc.). The museum moved into the Old Patent Office Building with the National Fine Arts Collection in 1966. It opened to the public on October 7, 1968.
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outweighed the damage done by the "Hide/Seek" controversy. Clough admitted, however, that he may have acted too hastily in the matter (although he continued to say he made the right decision), and the regents asked for
Smithsonian staff to study the controversy and report back on how to handle such events in the future. Not everyone in the Smithsonian agreed with the regents. The
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his permission. By
November 1979, the fund-raising campaign had netted only $ 885,631, with a pledge from the Museum of Fine Arts to match the amount if necessary. This left the campaign $ 4 million short of the purchase price. The Athenaeum refused to lower the price, describing the $ 5 million listing as a significant discount from the portraits' real value.
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existing portraits of the individual already in the collection, the quality of the potential portrait, the uniqueness of the potential portrait, the reputation of the portrait's author, and the cost of the portrait. Formal decisions to acquire a portrait are made at monthly curatorial meetings, then ratified by the
National Portrait Gallery Commission.
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based on individual pieces chosen through high-quality scholarship rather than buying complete collections from others. The NPG's collection was slowly built over the next five years through donations and purchases. The museum had little money at this time. Often, it located items it wanted and then asked the owner to simply donate it.
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legislation specified, however, that the museum's collection be limited to painting, prints, drawings, and engravings. Despite the
Smithsonian's own extensive collection of art and Mellon's collection, there was very little for the National Portrait Gallery to display. "To found a portrait gallery in the 1960s," Smithsonian Secretary
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In March 2007, a multi-year study of leadership at eight
Smithsonian museums made recommendations about the National Portrait Gallery. The report concluded that the museum needed stronger, more visionary leadership intent on creating a truly national museum. The report also called for "administrative
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The
National Portrait Gallery closed in January 2000 for a renovation of the Old Patent Office Building. Intended to take two years and cost $ 42 million, the renovation took seven years and cost $ 283 million. Inflation, delays in obtaining approval for the renovation design, the addition
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was contacted and worked with
Smithsonian police to investigate the crime. Within two weeks, a historic documents dealer contacted the FBI and said he had been offered the documents for sale. On February 8, 1985, police arrested Norman James Chandler, a part-time mechanic's assistant from Maryland,
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The museum suffered a major theft in 1984 — although it was not a portrait. On December 31, 1984, a thief pried open a display case and stole four handwritten documents accompanying several portraits of Civil War generals. One of the documents was written and signed by President Abraham Lincoln. The
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in 1876. But the Athenaeum, a private collection, was suffering from financial difficulties by the late 1970s. It twice offered to sell the two portraits to the Museum of Fine Arts over the previous two years, but the museum declined to purchase them. The Athenaeum began searching for another buyer,
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had long opposed the move in order to protect its own role in collecting photographs, but NPG Director Marvin Sadik fought hard to have the ban eliminated. The NPG rapidly expanded its photography collection, and in October 1976 established a Department of Photographs. The gallery's first photography
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In 1957, a proposal was made by the federal government to demolish the Old Patent Office Building. After a public outcry and an agreement to save the historic structure, Congress authorized the Smithsonian Institution to use the structure as a museum in March 1958. Shortly thereafter, the Smithsonian
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Aid to Fine Arts: Hearing Before the Select Subcommittee on Education of the Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives, Eighty-Seventh Congress, First Session, on H.R. 4172, H.R. 4174, and Related Bills to Aid the Fine Arts in the United States. Hearing Held in Washington, D.C., May
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Attendance at the renovated building rose significantly to 214,495 in just two months. In the past, both museums had drawn just 450,000 over 12 months. The achievement was even more impressive in the face of flat or declining attendance at all other Smithsonian museums. The higher attendance was not
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Prior to the building's closure in January 2000, a decision was reached to allot about one-third of the building's total space to the National Portrait Gallery while simultaneously eliminating the informal north–south division between the NPG and American Art Museum. This led to acrimony between the
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The process for choosing which images the museum acquires is simple but can be contentious. Potential acquisitions are vigorously and informally discussed at length by researchers, historians, and the curatorial departments. Some of the criteria used in the decision-making process are: The number of
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to meet with foundation officials on March 3, and the foundation approved the donation the following day. The $ 30 million donation included $ 6 million to put the portrait on a national tour for three years (the NPG was closed for renovations until 2006), and $ 4 million to construct
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The late 1980s saw the collection continue to expand, although there were fewer major additions. One significant acquisition was a nude image — a self-portrait painting by Alice Neel acquired in 1985. It was the National Portrait Gallery's first nude work. Neel was 80 years old when she painted it.
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The Old Patent Office Building was renovated in 1969 by the architectural firm of Faulkner, Fryer and Vanderpool. The renovation won the American Institute of Architects National Honor Award in 1970. The following year, the NPG began the National Portrait Survey, an attempt to catalog and photograph
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The National Portrait Gallery is governed by a board of directors known as the National Portrait Gallery Commission. The commission members are appointed by the Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. The museum is led by a Director, who oversees its day-to-day activities. Directors of the museum
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all opposed the enclosure of the courtyard. The NCPC reversed its preliminary approval on June 2, 2005. Unwilling to lose the canopy, the Smithsonian brought five alternatives to the NCPC on August 4. On September 8, 2005, the NCPC reversed itself yet again, and approved one of the revised designs.
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On April 12, the Athenaeum and NPG agreed to delay the sale until December 31, 1979, to give the Boston fund-raising effort a chance. Although not completely successful, the lawsuit had one effect: Attorney General Bellotti announced in mid-summer that the Stuart portraits could not be sold without
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The controversy lasted through the exhibit's scheduled run. In late January 2011, the Smithsonian Board of Regents unanimously gave Clough a vote of confidence, saying his accomplishments in improving the Smithsonian's administration, finances, governance, and maintenance in the past 19 months far
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Clough's decision led to extensive accusations of censorship and claims that the Smithsonian was caving in to pressure from a small group of vocal activists. Smithsonian officials strongly defended the video's removal. "The decision wasn't caving in," said Sullivan. "We don't want to shy away from
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and Jonathan Katz. The exhibit focused on depictions of homosexual love through history, and was the first exhibit hosted by a museum of national stature to address the topic. It was also the largest and most expensive exhibit in the NPG's history, and more private donors contributed to it than to
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With public and political pressure on the Smithsonian to resolve the issue, the Museum of Fine Arts and NPG agreed on February 7, 1980, to jointly purchase the portraits. Under the agreement, the paintings would spend three years at the National Portrait Gallery (beginning in July 1980), and then
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In 2003, the government increased its contribution to $ 166 million. Smithsonian officials subsequently began discussing a major change to the renovation design: Adding a glass roof to the open courtyard in the center of the Old Patent Office Building. Congress approved the change in August
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Two major portrait purchases were also made in the early 1980s. One was a Gilbert Stuart portrait of Thomas Jefferson, for which the museum paid $ 1 million to a private collector. A portion of the purchase price came from the Thomas Jefferson Foundation, which owns and operates Jefferson's
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By 1981, the museum had more than 2,000 items in its collection. Two major 19th-century photography collections were added by the museum that year. The first such acquisition was the Frederick Hill Meserve Collection of 5,419 glass negatives produced by the studio of famed Civil War photographer
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said, was difficult because "American portraiture has already reached the zenith in price and the nadir in supply." Ripley, whose leadership of the Smithsonian began in 1964, was a strong supporter of the new museum, however. He encouraged the museum's curators to build a collection from scratch
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Congress passed legislation establishing the National Portrait Gallery in 1962, and the Civil Service Commission moved out of the structure in November 1963. Preparations for the renovation began in November 1964, and the Grunley, Walsh Construction Co. began demolition of non-historic interior
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In 1995, the Smithsonian revealed that the Old Patent Office Building was in serious disrepair. The Smithsonian announced in January 1997 that the building would close in January 2000 for a two-year, $ 42 million renovation. Hartman-Cox Architects was hired to oversee the conservation and
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Initially, the National Portrait Gallery had fairly strict rules regarding which images could enter its collection. The person depicted had to be historically significant. An individual also needed to be dead at least 10 years before their portrait could be displayed (although some images of
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The National Portrait Gallery (NPG) was authorized and founded by Congress in 1962. The enabling legislation defined its purpose as displaying portraits of "men and women who have made significant contributions to the history, development, and culture of the people of the United States." The
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newspaper heiress and arts patron) donated $ 10 million for the renovation. The Henry Luce Foundation gave another $ 10 million later that year. Costs continued to rise. Although Congress appropriated $ 33.5 million for the renovation, reconstruction costs were estimated at $
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occupied the building after the Patent Office vacated it in 1932. The Government Accounting Office vacated the structure in 1942, after its new headquarters nearby was complete. The Civil Service Commission began constructing its own headquarters, and planned to vacate the building in 1962.
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As of 2011, the National Portrait Gallery was the only museum in the United States dedicated solely to portraiture. The museum had 65 employees and a $ 9 million annual budget in 2013. By February 2013, it housed 21,200 works of art, which had been seen by 1,069,932 visitors in 2012.
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two museums, and a public debate about which collection deserved more space. The Smithsonian resolved the dispute practically: Art that best fit an exhibition space got it. (For example, since modern art often tends toward large canvases, this art is on the high-ceilinged third floor.)
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In 2012, the National Portrait Gallery sponsored a new temporary exhibit, "Poetic Likeness: Modern American Poets," which focused on images of great American poets. The NPG collection had grown so large that the exhibit drew its images almost entirely from the museum's own collection.
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all portraits in all formats held by every public and private collection and museum in the country. On July 4, 1973, the NPG opened "The Black Presence in the Era of the American Revolution, 1770–1800", the first exhibit at the museum dedicated solely to African Americans.
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Local D.C. businessmen asked the General Services Administration (GSA) to tear down the building and sell the land so a private parking garage could be built on the centrally located site. Legislation for this purpose was introduced in Congress in the waning days of the
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all positive. Some patrons spit on art they did not like, while others kissed or touched some paintings. Video security cameras were hastily installed in September 2007 to stop the vandalism. By the end of the year, more than 786,000 people had visited the two museums.
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of George Washington. How the museum obtains presidential images has changed over the years. Presidential portraits from 1962 to 1987 were usually obtained through purchase or donation. Beginning in 1998, NPG began commissioning portraits of presidents, starting with
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In 2006, the museum began hosting a triennial, juried contemporary portrait exhibition called the Outwin Boochever Portrait Competition. Named after long time docent and volunteer Virginia Outwin Boochever, this competition is widely regarded as the most prestigious
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on February 26. Although the Reynolds Foundation generally only made grants in the areas of elder care, cardiovascular research, and journalism, assisting with the Lansdowne purchase fell within the foundation's "special projects" area of responsibility. NPG Director
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Even as the Stuarts controversy occupied the attention of the press, the National Portrait Gallery continued to expand its collection. In April 1979, it obtained five other portraits by Gilbert Stuart. These five paintings — of presidents George Washington,
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and the American Mission to Negotiate Peace to create a National Art Committee. The committee's goal was to commission portraits of famous leaders from the various nations involved in World War I. Among the committee's members were oil company executive
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NPG director Marvin Sadik declined to cancel the sale, arguing that the portraits were of national historic value and belonged in the Smithsonian. A campaign by prominent Bostonians tried to raise $ 5 million to keep the portraits in Massachusetts.
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and in early 1979 the Athenaeum tentatively reached an agreement to sell the works to the NPG for $ 5 million. When the Athenaeum made these discussions public in April 1979, there was strong public opposition to the sale in Boston.
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Art Commission asked the Chancellor of the Smithsonian to appoint a committee to organize a national portrait museum and to plan for the establishment of this museum in the Old Patent Office Building. This committee was created in 1960.
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for the theft. Chandler quickly pleaded guilty. He was sentenced in April 1985 to two years in jail (with all but six months suspended) and two years of probation, and required to pay a $ 2,000 fine. All four documents were recovered.
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A hallmark of the National Portrait Gallery's permanent collection is the Hall of Presidents, which contains portraits of nearly all American presidents. It is the largest and most complete collection in the world, except for the
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exhibit, "Facing the Light: Historic American Portrait Daguerreotypes", opened in September 1978. It also continued to build its other collections. In February 1977, the museum acquired an 1880 self-portrait by
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The Reynolds Foundation board had discretion to make grants in areas that presented patriotic or entrepreneurial opportunities or which supported a lifetime interest of foundation founder Donald W. Reynolds.
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jointly occupied the building with the Patent Office through the Civil War and into the post-war period. The massive increase in pension processing required by the Civil War led to the construction of a new
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NPG director Marvin Sadik, who had expressed his dissatisfaction over the Stuart painting controversy, took a six-month-long sabbatical in January 1981. He announced his retirement from the museum in July.
340:, an attorney and one of Mellon's closest friends, was named the first director of the National Gallery of Art, and he pushed hard over the next several years for the establishment of a portrait gallery.
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threatened to reduce the Smithsonian's budget if the film remained on view. After consulting with National Portrait Gallery director Martin Sullivan, co-curator David C. Ward (but not with co-curator
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later described the importance of the acquisition by saying it made the NPG the "epicenter" for Brady scholarship. Later that year, 5,400 Civil War-era glass negatives produced by photographer
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of a glass canopy over the open courtyard, and other issues led to increases in both time and costs. During this period, most of the NPG's collection went on tour around the United States.
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three years in Boston at the Museum of Fine Arts. Attorney General Bellotti approved the plan in March. Per the agreement, the portraits went on display in Washington on July 1, 1980.
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and the Smithsonian's Board of Regents, proved fruitless after three months. Worried Smithsonian officials then went public in February 2001 with a plea for a donor to come forth.
3526:. Select Subcommittee on Education. Committee on Education and Labor. U.S. House of Representatives. 87th Cong., 1st sess. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1961.
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in London opened, but few Americans took notice. The idea of a federally owned national portrait gallery can be traced back to 1886, when Robert C. Winthrope, president of the
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On March 13, just two weeks before the sale deadline, the Donald W. Reynolds Foundation donated $ 30 million to buy the Lansdowne portrait. Foundation chairman
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3078:"Portrait of a new Washington / Penn Quarter: District of Columbia's once-derelict neighborhood welcomes back Smithsonian museums, tourists with rejuvenated flair"
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and his assistants. Using historically accurate chemicals, paper, and techniques, prints were made of the negatives and the prints placed on rotating display. The
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214 million in June 2001 and the museum not scheduled to reopen until 2005. Just a month later, the reopening was pushed back even further to July 2006.
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repair. But just three years later, as the renovation was about to begin, the cost of repairs had risen to $ 110 million to $ 120 million.
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In November 2010, the National Portrait Gallery hosted a major new exhibit, "Hide/Seek: Difference and Desire in American Portraiture", curated by
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magazine donated 850 original portraits which had graced its cover between 1928 and 1978. A major exhibit of these pieces debuted in May 1979.
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into which the Bureau of Pensions moved in 1887. The General Land Office and the Bureau of Indian Affairs vacated the building in 1898. The
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structures by May 1965. The $ 6 million renovation was complete by April 1968, and the National Portrait Gallery opened on October 7.
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in London. Upon his return to the United States, Winthrope began pressing for the establishment of a similar museum in the United States.
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The Gibbs-Coolidge Set, five oil paintings on wood of the first five presidents, by Gilbert Stuart. The set was acquired by NPG in 1979.
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3436:. Committee on Appropriations. U.S. House of Representatives. 76th Cong., 3d sess. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1940.
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By 1977, the National Portrait Gallery had three curatorial divisions: Painting and sculpture, prints and drawings, and photography.
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First Supplemental Civil Functions Appropriation Bill for 1941. Hearings Before the Subcommittee of the Committee on Appopriations
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in 1952, but did not pass. The legislation encountered resistance from a few members of Congress, architects, and the influential
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movement. The 2013 winner was Bo Gehring of Beacon, New York, who was commissioned to direct a video portrait of jazz musician
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PAC to pay $ 650,000 for portraits of him and the former first lady that will one day hang in the National Portrait Gallery.
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Report of the Director of the National Park Service to the Secretary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1924
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Richard, Paul. "American Masterwork: Portrait Gallery's New 'Cornerstone' A Copley Self-Portrait for the Portrait Gallery".
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Congress passed legislation in January 1976 allowing the National Portrait Gallery to collect portraits in media other than
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529:(which may have been sculpted from the portrait which was later used for the $ 10 bill) and a Gilbert Stuart portrait of
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family in Massachusetts. The following April, Varina Webb Stewart and Joel A.H. Webb presented important portraits of
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donated his large collection of classic and modernist art to the United States, which led to the foundation of the
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taken in February 1865, which was the last photographic portrait of Lincoln taken before his death in April 1865.
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The "cracked-plate" portrait of Abraham Lincoln, acquired by the NPG as part of the Alexander Gardner Collection.
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for exhibit. Works displayed ranged from his "Christy girl" recruiting posters to history-based works such as
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any prior NPG exhibit. Included in the 105 pieces in the exhibit was a four-minute, edited version of artist
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The exhibit was scheduled to run from October 30, 2010, to February 13, 2011. Within days of its opening,
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Trescott, Jacqueline. "After Smithsonian Exhibit's Removal, Banned Ant Video Still Creeps Into Gallery".
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a new area in the Old Patent Office Building to display it. NPG said it would name this display area for
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of George Washington to the National Portrait Gallery. The painting was commissioned in April 1796 by
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The cost of the renovation rose to $ 180 million by March 2001. That month, Nan Tucker McEvoy (a
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in May 1921. This formed the nucleus of what would become the National Portrait Gallery Collection.
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donated 120 platinum prints of fashion and celebrity portraits he produced over the past 50 years.
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were also purchased from the Meserve family. This included the famous "cracked-plate" portrait of
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Trescott, Jacqueline. "Portrait Gallery Removes Crucifix Video From Exhibit After Complaints".
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to Clough in which they said they were "deeply troubled by the precedent" to remove the film.
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reported that some (unnamed) Smithsonian museum directors and curators felt there would be a
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A major controversy occurred in 1979 over the National Portrait Gallery's attempt to buy two
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Almost no taxpayer money was spent on the exhibit, since it was funded by private donations.
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After the 2008 presidential election, the National Portrait Gallery obtained graphic artist
603:
506:
454:
349:
314:
274:
198:
142:
137:
67:
3536:
Smith, Carol. "Portraying the Black Atlantic: Americanisation and the National Museum." In
991:
Frederick Douglass (1856), daguerreotype by an unknown author, acquired by the NPG in 1990.
37:
3678:
3386:
3358:
2468:
1292:
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1225:
748:
consolidation" of the National Portrait Gallery and the Smithsonian American Art Museum.
650:
helped to spark the Civil War. The portrait was created by African American photographer
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4086:
4050:
1921:
1170:
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1130:
752:
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442:
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361:
298:
290:
3429:. Department of the Interior. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1962.
2295:. December 14, 2010; Taylor, Kate. "Foundation Says It's Ending Smithsonian Support".
2291:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "'Hide/Seek' Sponsor Threatens to Cut Funding for Smithsonian."
1450:
Design approval for the canopy proved difficult. The design had to be approved by the
1329:
The National Portrait Gallery occupies a portion of the Old Patent Office Building, a
4128:
3827:
3543:
2635:"Donald Trump used $ 650,000 in supporter money to fund official portrait: documents"
1799:
Knight, Michael. "Boston City Officials Go to Court to Keep 2 Washington Portraits".
1258:
1213:
1039:
1009:. In 2000, NPG began commissioning portraits of First Ladies as well, beginning with
867:
768:
631:
526:
518:
329:
230:
2869:
Sampson, Paul. "Exhibit to Tell American Art Story." Washington Post. April 2, 1958.
2190:
Farhi, Paul. "Committee Sees a Lack of Money, Leadership at 8 Smithsonian Museums".
598:
portrait of his friend, Mary Cassatt, for which the museum paid $ 1.3 million.
2447:
2206:
Argetsinger, Amy and Roberts, Roxanne. "Fit for a T: New at the Portrait Gallery".
2155:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Smithsonian Battles to Keep Prized Portrait of Washington".
1492:
1361:
1357:
1286:
1219:
1199:
1099:
1089:
1082:
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911:
902:. It was the first portrait commissioned of an individual who has not served as a
802:
756:
723:
690:
607:
571:
545:
510:
397:
388:
374:
356:
The first NPG exhibit, "Nucleus for a National Collection", went on display in the
302:
3502:
Washington, D.C., Williamsburg, Busch Gardens, Richmond and Other Area Attractions
2717:
801:
hate speech, anti-Catholic, and anti-Christian. A spokesperson for Representative
3518:. Department of the Interior. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1899.
2064:. January 2, 1985; Barker, Karyn. "FBI Arrests D.C. Man in Lincoln Letter Case".
1280:
1203:
997:
883:
850:
814:
624:
595:
533:
377:
3516:
Report of the Secretary of the Interior for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1899
983:(1785) by Joseph Duplessis, given to the NPG by the Cafritz Foundation in 1987.
4005:
1435:
1337:
in downtown Washington. Constructed between 1836 and 1867, the building has a
1166:
1113:
907:
887:
591:
514:
194:
3151:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Old Patent Office Options Clearly Still Favor Glass."
2768:
Fixico, p. 27; Bureau of Land Management, p. 25; National Park Service, p. 8.
97:
84:
1422:
The renovated Great Hall, on the top floor of the National Portrait Gallery.
1356:
The building was used as a hospital during the American Civil War, and both
1350:
1338:
919:
891:
879:
125:
3488:
Annual Report of the Public Buildings Commission for the Calendar Year 1932
2068:. February 9, 1985; "Man Sentenced For Stealing Notes From Civil War Era".
1702:. October 6, 1968; Martin, Judith. "'Semi, Demi-Heroes' Open New Gallery."
1000:
collection itself. The centerpiece of the Hall of Presidents is the famous
3604:
3593:
3101:
2060:. January 1, 1985; Ringle, Ken. "FBI Probes Theft of Notes From Gallery".
2995:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Smithsonian Art Museum Gets Second $ 10 Million."
1529:
Images are paintings, drawings, or similar media, unless otherwise noted.
871:
863:
783:
2219:
Gopnik, Blake. "'Hide/Seek' Finds a Frame for Showing Sexual Identity".
700:. FitzMaurice was the 2nd Earl of Shelburne, and later became the first
2311:"Mapplethorpe Foundation Withdraws Support for Smithsonian Exhibitions"
1564:
Thompson, Bob. "Who Gets Into the National Portrait Gallery, and Why?"
1346:
1325:
The Robert and Arlene Kogod Courtyard at the National Portrait Gallery.
1209:
875:
201:, United States. Founded in 1962 and opened in 1968, it is part of the
3138:
Forgey, Benjamin. "Panel Rejects Smithsonian Plan For Patent Office."
2027:
Richard, Paul. "Gilbert Stuart's Jefferson Acquired for $ 1 Million".
205:. Its collections focus on images of famous Americans. Along with the
3086:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Way Clear for British Architect's Glass Act".
3013:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Old Patent Office Gets A $ 25 Million Boost."
2943:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "The Dilapidated State of the Nation's Attic."
1342:
727:
462:
3509:
1,000 Places to See in the United States & Canada Before You Die
1982:. January 11, 1980; "The Loving Eye That Created the Christy Girl".
226:
2826:. November 17, 1953; "Architects Fight Plan to Raze CSC Building."
2667:"National Portrait Gallery Installs Photo Of President-Elect Trump"
1880:. March 22, 1980; "Stuart Portraits Plan Wins Tentative Approval".
3190:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Smithsonian Thanks Its Big Donor By Name."
1417:
1320:
1312:
986:
975:
942:
661:
560:
424:
225:
3470:
The Smithsonian Institution. New York: Praeger Publishers, 1970.
3177:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Smithsonian Scores a $ 45 Million Gift."
3608:
3570:
Negotiating American Identity in the National Portrait Gallery.
3382:"National Portrait Gallery Names Kim Sajet as Its New Director"
2969:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Extensive Leaks In the Nation's Attic."
1856:"Museums in Capital and Boston to Share Washington Portraits".
249:, established in 1796. It closed after two years. In 1859, the
1443:
2003. In March 2004, the Smithsonian announced that architect
615:
602:
remaining three were written and signed by Civil War generals
437:, one of two portraits at the center of the Stuart controversy
391:. This permitted the NPG to begin collecting photographs. The
3584:
Virtual tour of the National Portrait Gallery (United States)
3548:
Charles Willson Peale: Art and Selfhood in the Early Republic
2904:
Hailey, Jean R. "Art Collection to Go in Old Patent Office."
2693:"Trump Photograph Installed at the National Portrait Gallery"
2336:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Regents Support Censorship Decision".
755:'s ubiquitous "Hope" poster of Barack Obama. Obama supporter
555:
Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States
3164:
Forgey, Benjamin. "A Roof That's Patently the Best Option."
2982:
Forgey, Benjamin. "The Old Patent Office, Pending Renewal."
2575:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Museums Reopen to a Brand-New View."
2557:
Thompson, Bob. "The Changing Face of American Portraiture."
894:, Wisconsin, and he was commissioned to paint a portrait of
1897:. June 24, 1980; Radcliffe, Donnie. "Back In the Picture".
3550:
Berkeley, California : University of California Press
3415:. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of the Interior, 1913.
3026:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Smithsonian Projects Face Delays."
2011:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "The Photographer Who Went to War".
3354:"Martin Sullivan Steps Down as Portrait Gallery Director"
2719:
October 1, 2008 – September 30, 2009. p. 4,15,back cover.
2265:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Clough Defends Removal of Video".
1676:
Richard, Paul. "A New Face for the Stuffy Old Portrait".
3562:
3476:. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1980.
1860:. February 8, 1980; "Museums Come to Terms on Stuarts".
174:
3457:. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012.
2830:. February 24, 1954; "Committee Protests Razing Plan."
2392:"Frequently Asked Questions: National Portrait Gallery"
914:, founder of the Chez Panisse Restaurant and Cafe, the
4155:
Members of the Cultural Alliance of Greater Washington
2651:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Have Renovation, Will Travel."
2591:
Copeland, Libby. "The Clintons: They've Been Framed!"
1876:"Pact on Stuarts Approved By Massachusetts Official".
845:
from Clough's decision. The Board of Directors of the
3490:. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1933.
3464:. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1924.
3253:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Smithsonian Attendance Down."
3125:
Trescott, Jacqueline. "Patent Office Roof: Pending."
2513:
Kennicott, Philip. "American Poets, On the Surface."
1830:"Bostonians Are Falling Short in Drive to Keep Art".
807:
Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
3413:
Memorandum History of the Department of the Interior
321:. The portraits commissioned went on display in the
247:
Peale's Collection of Portraits of American Patriots
237:
The first portrait gallery in the United States was
4079:
4033:
3983:
3962:
3919:
3837:
3814:
3642:
2956:Lewis, Jo Ann. "Repairs to Close Two Art Museums."
1617:
Smithsonian Institution Research Information System
1264:Among the museum's more prominent collections are:
169:
132:
121:
113:
74:
62:
54:
3205:"'Looking History in the Eye' at Portrait Gallery"
2891:Scott, David W. "Patent Building to Become Arty."
2878:Doolittle, Jerry. "Civil Service Dedicates Home."
2822:"Sen. Maybanks Fights Plan to Raze CSC Building."
2571:
2569:
2567:
2443:"National Portrait Gallery's Portrait Competition"
2365:"Last Call: Outwin Boochever Portrait Competition"
2239:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
1917:"Sadik, Director, Quits National Portrait Gallery"
380:donated 761 portraits by French-American engraver
3420:Museum Masters: Their Museums and Their Influence
2917:Richard, Paul. "A Major New Art Museum to Open."
2142:Ringle, Ken. "John Brown, Captured For History".
1560:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1546:
759:and his wife, Heather, donated it to the museum.
3455:AIA Guide to the Architecture of Washington, D.C
3009:
3007:
3005:
1727:
1725:
445:paintings. The famous, unfinished portraits of
3441:Mystery Reader's Walking Guide, Washington, D.C
3291:Some People Would Die to Wind Up at This Museum
2039:
2037:
1958:
1956:
1946:Glueck, Grace. "5 Stuarts Go to U.S. Gallery".
1911:
1909:
1907:
1843:"Portrait Fund Drive Falls $ 4 Million Short".
1786:Cowen, Peter. "For $ 5m, Portraits Stay Here".
1773:Richard, Paul. "Marvin Sadik: 'I'm Resolute'".
4160:Greek Revival architecture in Washington, D.C.
4092:John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
3579:interview with Marc Pachter, December 30, 2007
2527:
2525:
2523:
2177:Trescott, Jacqueline. "A Washington Bailout."
2138:
2136:
2043:Richard, Paul. "Portrait Gallery Buys Degas."
1998:Ostrow, Joanne. "The Meserves' Photo Legacy".
1962:Richard, Paul. "Lodge Donates Two Portraits".
1942:
1940:
1872:
1870:
1458:, the D.C. State Preservation Office, and the
1020:The museum's more notable art pieces include:
735:, the media baron who created the foundation.
4165:Art museums and galleries in Washington, D.C.
4140:Art museums and galleries established in 1968
3620:
3481:Frommer's Irreverent Guide to Washington, D.C
3453:Moeller, Gerard Martin and Feldblyum, Boris.
3422:. Walnut Creek, Calif.: AltaMira Press, 1995.
2202:
2200:
1613:"Chronology of the National Portrait Gallery"
477:sued to keep the portraits in Boston, naming
268:entered into a cooperative endeavor with the
42:National Portrait Gallery's F Street entrance
8:
4025:Smithsonian Contributions and Studies Series
3335:"Portrait Gallery Director to Retire in '07"
3308:"Portrait Gallery Chief Alan Fern to Retire"
3269:"GAO Faults Smithsonian Upkeep and Security"
2106:
2104:
2023:
2021:
21:
2587:
2585:
2491:. National Portrait Gallery. Archived from
1760:. April 6, 1979; "Free George and Martha".
3627:
3613:
3605:
3533:. New York: Oxford University Press, 2003.
3497:. Washington, D.C.: Americana Press, 1986.
3474:Permanent Collection Illustrated Checklist
3055:"Museum Courtyard Glides Through the Ages"
2930:Richard, Paul. "A National Family Album."
2716:"National Portrait Gallery Annual Report"
2423:"Eunice Kennedy Shriver Portrait Unveiled"
2110:Grundberg, Andy. "The Beautiful Peoples".
2083:"Man Gets 6 Months for Stealing Documents"
1974:
1972:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1745:Permanent Collection Illustrated Checklist
1698:Richard, Paul. "A National Family Album".
36:
20:
3599:National Portrait Gallery (United States)
3450:. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood, 2012.
3333:Jacqueline Trescott (December 12, 2006).
3267:Grimaldi, James V. (September 29, 2007).
2813:Select Subcommittee on Education, p. 159.
2122:
2120:
1672:
1670:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1406:signed the legislation a few days later.
1122:" (daguerreotype, 1856) by unknown artist
829:removed from the exhibit on November 30.
782:. Eleven seconds of the video depicted a
4170:Biographical museums in Washington, D.C.
4066:Smithsonian Philatelic Achievement Award
3483:. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley Publishing, 2007.
2786:Secretary of the Interior, 1899, p. 107.
2728:Price and Price, p. 102; Silber, p. 61;
2533:"Fact Sheets: National Portrait Gallery"
2464:"Boochever Portrait Competition winners"
1994:
1992:
1607:
1605:
1603:
1460:National Trust for Historic Preservation
1456:United States Department of the Interior
1333:. The building is located just south of
4150:2010 controversies in the United States
4145:1979 controversies in the United States
4135:1968 establishments in Washington, D.C.
3850:Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems Program
2485:"Bo Gehring: Reminding Us to Slow Down"
2126:"Daguerreotype of Frederick Douglass".
1978:Kernan, Michael. "GEE!! It's Christy".
1893:Rosenfeld, Megan. "New Faces in Town".
1601:
1599:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1583:
1542:
1522:
1504:Wendy Wick Reaves – 2012–2013 (interim)
972:Key exhibits and programs of the museum
715:read about failing donor effort in the
209:, the museum is housed in the historic
3226:Philip Kennicott (November 19, 2007).
3207:. National Public Radio. July 13, 2006
2795:Public Buildings Commission, p. 24-27.
2489:The Outwin: American Portraiture Today
1756:Glueck, Grace. "Athenaeum's Dilemma".
1383:United States Civil Service Commission
1195:" (unfinished, 1796) by Gilbert Stuart
1186:Lansdowne portrait (George Washington)
3538:Issues in Americanisation and Culture
3511:. New York: Workman Publishing, 2011.
3380:Boyle, Katherine (February 5, 2013).
2856:"CSC Building to Become Art Museum."
2843:"GSA Wants to Preserve Patent Bldg."
2691:Mcgraw, Meridith (January 16, 2017).
2483:Bloom, Benjamin (November 19, 2014).
857:Outwin Boochever Portrait Competition
847:Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
7:
3652:African American History and Culture
3479:Price, Tom and Price, Susan Crites.
3352:Trescott, Jacqueline (May 7, 2012).
3039:Forgey, Benjamin. "Naked Splendor."
2462:Kennicott, Philip (March 22, 2013).
2309:Capps, Kriston (December 17, 2010).
1452:National Capital Planning Commission
1400:Committee of 100 on the Federal City
870:. Artists working in the fields of
623:Two years later, noted photographer
3504:. Lincolnwood, Ill.: Verulam, 2000.
3427:Landmarks in Public Land Management
2804:Committee on Appopriations, p. 466.
2363:Gambino, Megan (October 25, 2011).
2349:Gopnik, Blake. "Portrait Capital."
678:, offered to sell Gilbert Stuart's
676:Neil Primrose, 7th Earl of Rosebery
3521:Select Subcommittee on Education.
3053:Zach Mortice (December 21, 2007).
2665:Harlan, Becky (January 13, 2017).
2056:"Civil War Era Notes Are Stolen".
1812:Richard, Paul. "Bound in Boston".
1028:" (glass plate, cracked; 1865) by
323:National Museum of Natural History
14:
3495:A Museum Guide to Washington, D.C
3443:. Lincoln, Neb.: IUniverse, 1998.
2421:Sanford, Barbara (May 11, 2009).
1370:United States General Land Office
658:Purchasing the Lansdowne portrait
3592:
3076:Epstein, Edward (July 2, 2006).
1179:" (daguerreotype, 1846–1847) by
281:, an art aficionado and wife of
255:Massachusetts Historical Society
157:
152:
147:
136:
27:
4175:Smithsonian Institution museums
1489:Alan M. Fern – June 1982 – 2000
1486:Marvin Sadik – 1969 – July 1981
1230:"Self-Portrait" (1780–1784) by
1224:"Self-Portrait" (1880–1881) by
207:Smithsonian American Art Museum
3937:Folklife and Cultural Heritage
2777:Moeller and Feldblyum, p. 100.
479:Massachusetts Attorney General
16:Art museum in Washington, D.C.
1:
4114:U.S. National Tick Collection
3899:Museum Conservation Institute
3887:Biodiversity Heritage Library
3486:Public Buildings Commission.
3432:Committee on Appropriations.
1059:
360:in 1965 (the bicentennial of
61:
4190:Chinatown (Washington, D.C.)
3855:Conservation and restoration
3757:Archives of American Gardens
3100:sysadmin (August 21, 2015).
1387:Government Accounting Office
1364:worked as nurses there. The
590:historic plantation home of
358:Arts and Industries Building
297:, wife of railway executive
3999:Air & Space/Smithsonian
3514:Secretary of the Interior.
3425:Bureau of Land Management.
3082:The San Francisco Chronicle
1396:82nd United States Congress
956:Portrait addition procedure
457:, which loaned them to the
270:American Federation of Arts
4206:
3691:Jazz Masterworks Orchestra
3531:Landmarks of the Civil War
3228:"Seeing the Light at Last"
1331:National Historic Landmark
1309:Old Patent Office Building
1306:
1240:" (1805) by Gilbert Stuart
1218:"Self-Portrait" (1880) by
1161:George Lethbridge Saunders
930:Post-2010 exhibits of note
739:Post-renovation activities
648:1859 raid on Harpers Ferry
211:Old Patent Office Building
66:Eighth and F Streets, NW,
49:Interactive fullscreen map
3588:Google Arts & Culture
1317:National Portrait Gallery
698:William Petty FitzMaurice
319:Charles Doolittle Walcott
259:National Portrait Gallery
251:National Portrait Gallery
191:National Portrait Gallery
164:Gallery Place – Chinatown
47:
35:
26:
22:National Portrait Gallery
4046:Charles Lang Freer Medal
3845:Archives of American Art
3822:National Zoological Park
3448:Bureau of Indian Affairs
1471:Governance and directors
1366:Bureau of Indian Affairs
1188:(1796) by Gilbert Stuart
1129:" (unfinished, 1796) by
500:Expanding the collection
3636:Smithsonian Institution
3460:National Park Service.
3289:Trescott, Jacqueline. "
2537:Smithsonian Institution
2396:Smithsonian Institution
1507:Kim Sajet – April 2013–
1414:2000 to 2007 renovation
1379:Pension Bureau Building
1275:Howard Chandler Christy
612:George Armstrong Custer
550:Howard Chandler Christy
421:The Stuarts controversy
384:to the museum in 1974.
382:C.B.J.F. de Saint-Mémin
368:Building the collection
334:National Gallery of Art
309:, brother of President
295:Mary Williamson Averell
266:Smithsonian Institution
203:Smithsonian Institution
4061:National Design Awards
3882:Libraries and Archives
3877:Environmental Research
2732:, accessed 2013-02-08.
1619:. 2012. Archived from
1423:
1326:
1318:
1110:Eunice Kennedy Shriver
992:
984:
948:
896:Eunice Kennedy Shriver
695:British Prime Minister
671:
566:
438:
234:
222:Founding of the museum
4071:Woodrow Wilson Awards
3696:Numismatic Collection
3418:Alexander, Edward P.
3279:on November 15, 2018.
3257:. September 20, 2006.
2316:Washington City Paper
2031:. September 10, 1982.
1715:"Avery C. Faulkner".
1483:– July 1, 1964 – 1969
1421:
1324:
1316:
1298:covers (graphic arts)
1232:John Singleton Copley
1085:" (2012) by Ron Sherr
990:
979:
946:
811:House Majority Leader
776:'s short silent film
763:Hide/Seek controversy
702:Marquess of Lansdowne
674:In the fall of 2000,
670:of George Washington.
665:
564:
428:
402:John Singleton Copley
317:, and paleontologist
287:Crocker National Bank
283:William Henry Crocker
264:In January 1919, the
239:Charles Willson Peale
229:
133:Public transit access
98:38.89778°N 77.02306°W
4102:The Wilson Quarterly
4041:James Smithson Medal
3872:Conservation Biology
3784:Encyclopedia of Life
3747:Cooper–Hewitt Design
3601:at Wikimedia Commons
3446:Fixico, Donald Lee.
3439:Dale, Alzina Stone.
3168:. September 9, 2005.
3102:"The Courtyard Café"
3017:. November 16, 2004.
2895:. December 27, 1964.
2882:. November 13, 1963.
2834:. December 17, 1955.
2655:. December 14, 2005.
2428:Smithsonian Magazine
2370:Smithsonian Magazine
2299:. December 13, 2010.
2159:. February 23, 2001.
2146:. December 19, 1996.
2130:. December 23, 1990.
1966:. December 15, 1979.
1864:. February 23, 1980.
1834:. November 25, 1979.
1719:. February 25, 2007.
1717:Wilmington Star-News
1623:on November 29, 2014
1147:Hope" (Barack Obama)
918:and champion of the
338:David E. Finley, Jr.
279:Ethel Sperry Crocker
193:(NPG) is a historic
4020:Smithsonian Channel
3720:Arts and Industries
3507:Schultz, Patricia.
3339:The Washington Post
3233:The Washington Post
3194:. October 13, 2005.
3181:. October 12, 2005.
2960:. January 29, 1997.
2517:. November 4, 2012.
2451:. November 5, 2009.
2340:. February 1, 2011.
2282:. December 6, 2010.
2269:. January 19, 2011.
2247:. December 1, 2010.
2223:. November 5, 2010.
2015:. November 7, 2010.
1986:. January 11, 1980.
1847:. January 18, 1980.
1735:. January 16, 1978.
1245:Varina Howell Davis
1181:Augustus Washington
1141:John Singer Sargent
1092:" (photo, 1989) by
866:competition in the
819:Jonathan David Katz
718:Wall Street Journal
652:Augustus Washington
630:Two very important
546:Varina Howell Davis
482:Francis X. Bellotti
459:Museum of Fine Arts
393:Library of Congress
311:William Howard Taft
307:Charles Phelps Taft
103:38.89778; -77.02306
94: /
23:
4185:National galleries
4180:Portrait galleries
4109:Smithsonian Police
4056:Langley Gold Medal
3411:Acker, William B.
3314:. February 4, 2000
3312:Washingtonpost.com
3065:on January 1, 2013
2986:. January 1, 2000.
2934:. October 6, 1968.
2641:. August 22, 2022.
2539:. February 1, 2013
2210:. January 7, 2009.
1706:. October 7, 1968.
1689:Alexander, p. 302.
1499:Martin E. Sullivan
1424:
1374:Bureau of Pensions
1349:modeled after the
1327:
1319:
1120:Frederick Douglass
1038:" (bust, 1789) by
1036:Alexander Hamilton
1002:Lansdowne portrait
993:
985:
949:
924:Esperanza Spalding
827:A Fire in My Belly
799:A Fire in My Belly
795:William A. Donohue
779:A Fire in My Belly
733:Donald W. Reynolds
680:Lansdowne portrait
672:
668:Lansdowne portrait
640:Frederick Douglass
567:
523:Alexander Hamilton
453:were owned by the
439:
406:Cafritz Foundation
235:
4122:
4121:
3942:Folklife Festival
3911:Tropical Research
3597:Media related to
3155:. August 5, 2005.
3129:. April 25, 2005.
3090:. March 16, 2004.
2921:. April 28, 1968.
2860:. March 22, 1958.
2615:Levinthal, Dave.
2595:. April 25, 2006.
2495:on March 11, 2016
2194:. March 21, 2007.
2181:. March 14, 2001.
2072:. April 24, 1985.
1950:. April 10, 1979.
1884:. March 24, 1980.
1816:. April 13, 1979.
1803:. April 11, 1979.
1790:. April 12, 1979.
1777:. April 11, 1979.
1404:Dwight Eisenhower
1269:Alexander Gardner
1212:" (1804–1838) by
1202:" (1880–1884) by
1193:Martha Washington
1169:" (1800–1815) by
1137:Henry Cabot Lodge
1127:George Washington
1056:Benjamin Franklin
1030:Alexander Gardner
1007:George H. W. Bush
981:Benjamin Franklin
916:Edible Schoolyard
898:, the founder of
786:covered in ants.
774:David Wojnarowicz
638:and former slave
580:Alexander Gardner
538:Henry Cabot Lodge
451:Martha Washington
435:George Washington
285:, the founder of
243:American Pantheon
187:
186:
4197:
3796:Portrait Gallery
3789:Global Volcanism
3686:American History
3629:
3622:
3615:
3606:
3596:
3566:
3565:
3563:Official website
3500:Sandler, Corey.
3399:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3377:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3366:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3330:
3324:
3323:
3321:
3319:
3304:
3298:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3275:. Archived from
3264:
3258:
3251:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3240:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3201:
3195:
3188:
3182:
3175:
3169:
3162:
3156:
3149:
3143:
3136:
3130:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3097:
3091:
3085:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3061:. Archived from
3050:
3044:
3043:. July 20, 2003.
3037:
3031:
3030:. June 23, 2001.
3024:
3018:
3011:
3000:
2999:. March 7, 2001.
2993:
2987:
2980:
2974:
2973:. April 1, 2000.
2967:
2961:
2954:
2948:
2947:. June 10, 1995.
2941:
2935:
2928:
2922:
2915:
2909:
2902:
2896:
2889:
2883:
2876:
2870:
2867:
2861:
2854:
2848:
2841:
2835:
2820:
2814:
2811:
2805:
2802:
2796:
2793:
2787:
2784:
2778:
2775:
2769:
2766:
2760:
2757:
2751:
2748:
2742:
2739:
2733:
2726:
2720:
2714:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2703:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2662:
2656:
2649:
2643:
2642:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2621:Business Insider
2612:
2606:
2602:
2596:
2589:
2580:
2573:
2562:
2561:. June 25, 2006.
2555:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2544:
2529:
2518:
2511:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2439:
2433:
2432:
2418:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2398:. Archived from
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2360:
2354:
2347:
2341:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2306:
2300:
2289:
2283:
2276:
2270:
2263:
2257:
2254:
2248:
2241:
2224:
2217:
2211:
2204:
2195:
2188:
2182:
2175:
2169:
2166:
2160:
2153:
2147:
2140:
2131:
2124:
2115:
2114:. June 19, 2005.
2108:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2089:. April 24, 1985
2087:Associated Press
2079:
2073:
2054:
2048:
2041:
2032:
2025:
2016:
2009:
2003:
1996:
1987:
1976:
1967:
1960:
1951:
1944:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1913:
1902:
1891:
1885:
1878:Associated Press
1874:
1865:
1854:
1848:
1841:
1835:
1832:Associated Press
1828:
1817:
1810:
1804:
1797:
1791:
1784:
1778:
1771:
1765:
1764:. April 9, 1979.
1754:
1748:
1742:
1736:
1729:
1720:
1713:
1707:
1696:
1690:
1687:
1681:
1680:. April 3, 1977.
1674:
1665:
1664:Schultz, p. 272.
1662:
1651:
1648:
1642:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1628:
1609:
1578:
1575:
1569:
1568:. June 13, 1999.
1562:
1530:
1527:
1238:Thomas Jefferson
1104:Beauford Delaney
1067:Joseph Duplessis
1064:
1061:
1050:Georgia O'Keeffe
1046:Beauford Delaney
900:Special Olympics
604:Ulysses S. Grant
507:Thomas Jefferson
455:Boston Athenaeum
350:S. Dillon Ripley
315:Henry Clay Frick
313:, steel magnate
275:Herbert L. Pratt
245:, also known as
199:Washington, D.C.
183:
180:
178:
176:
161:
156:
151:
143:Washington Metro
140:
109:
108:
106:
105:
104:
99:
95:
92:
91:
90:
87:
68:Washington, D.C.
40:
31:
24:
4205:
4204:
4200:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4194:
4125:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4075:
4029:
3979:
3958:
3915:
3833:
3810:
3806:Women's History
3779:Barcode of Life
3774:Natural History
3703:American Indian
3679:Renwick Gallery
3638:
3633:
3561:
3560:
3557:
3468:Oehser, Paul H.
3408:
3403:
3402:
3392:
3390:
3387:Washington Post
3379:
3378:
3374:
3364:
3362:
3359:Washington Post
3351:
3350:
3346:
3332:
3331:
3327:
3317:
3315:
3306:
3305:
3301:
3297:. May 23, 2008.
3295:Washington Post
3288:
3284:
3273:Washington Post
3266:
3265:
3261:
3255:Washington Post
3252:
3248:
3238:
3236:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3210:
3208:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3192:Washington Post
3189:
3185:
3179:Washington Post
3176:
3172:
3166:Washington Post
3163:
3159:
3153:Washington Post
3150:
3146:
3142:. June 3, 2005.
3140:Washington Post
3137:
3133:
3127:Washington Post
3124:
3120:
3110:
3108:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3088:Washington Post
3075:
3068:
3066:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3041:Washington Post
3038:
3034:
3028:Washington Post
3025:
3021:
3015:Washington Post
3012:
3003:
2997:Washington Post
2994:
2990:
2984:Washington Post
2981:
2977:
2971:Washington Post
2968:
2964:
2958:Washington Post
2955:
2951:
2945:Washington Post
2942:
2938:
2932:Washington Post
2929:
2925:
2919:Washington Post
2916:
2912:
2908:. May 21, 1965.
2906:Washington Post
2903:
2899:
2893:Washington Post
2890:
2886:
2880:Washington Post
2877:
2873:
2868:
2864:
2858:Washington Post
2855:
2851:
2847:. June 3, 1956.
2845:Washington Post
2842:
2838:
2832:Washington Post
2828:Washington Post
2824:Washington Post
2821:
2817:
2812:
2808:
2803:
2799:
2794:
2790:
2785:
2781:
2776:
2772:
2767:
2763:
2758:
2754:
2750:Sandler, p. 51.
2749:
2745:
2740:
2736:
2727:
2723:
2715:
2711:
2701:
2699:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2675:
2673:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2653:Washington Post
2650:
2646:
2639:The Independent
2633:
2632:
2628:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2603:
2599:
2593:Washington Post
2590:
2583:
2579:. July 1, 2006.
2577:Washington Post
2574:
2565:
2559:Washington Post
2556:
2552:
2542:
2540:
2531:
2530:
2521:
2515:Washington Post
2512:
2508:
2498:
2496:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2469:Washington Post
2461:
2460:
2456:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2405:
2403:
2402:on May 15, 2013
2390:
2389:
2385:
2375:
2373:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2353:. May 29, 2005.
2351:Washington Post
2348:
2344:
2338:Washington Post
2335:
2331:
2321:
2319:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2293:Washington Post
2290:
2286:
2280:Washington Post
2277:
2273:
2267:Washington Post
2264:
2260:
2255:
2251:
2245:Washington Post
2242:
2227:
2221:Washington Post
2218:
2214:
2208:Washington Post
2205:
2198:
2192:Washington Post
2189:
2185:
2179:Washington Post
2176:
2172:
2167:
2163:
2157:Washington Post
2154:
2150:
2144:Washington Post
2141:
2134:
2128:Washington Post
2125:
2118:
2112:Washington Post
2109:
2102:
2092:
2090:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2070:Washington Post
2066:Washington Post
2062:Washington Post
2058:Washington Post
2055:
2051:
2047:. May 22, 1984.
2045:Washington Post
2042:
2035:
2029:Washington Post
2026:
2019:
2013:Washington Post
2010:
2006:
2002:. May 14, 1982.
2000:Washington Post
1997:
1990:
1984:Washington Post
1980:Washington Post
1977:
1970:
1964:Washington Post
1961:
1954:
1948:Washington Post
1945:
1938:
1928:
1926:
1915:
1914:
1905:
1901:. July 4, 1980.
1899:Washington Post
1895:Washington Post
1892:
1888:
1882:Washington Post
1875:
1868:
1862:Washington Post
1855:
1851:
1845:Washington Post
1842:
1838:
1829:
1820:
1814:Washington Post
1811:
1807:
1798:
1794:
1785:
1781:
1775:Washington Post
1772:
1768:
1762:Washington Post
1755:
1751:
1743:
1739:
1733:Washington Post
1730:
1723:
1714:
1710:
1704:Washington Post
1700:Washington Post
1697:
1693:
1688:
1684:
1678:Washington Post
1675:
1668:
1663:
1654:
1650:Oehser, p. 200.
1649:
1645:
1641:Oehser, p. 146.
1640:
1636:
1626:
1624:
1611:
1610:
1581:
1576:
1572:
1566:Washington Post
1563:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1533:
1528:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1473:
1416:
1311:
1305:
1249:John Wood Dodge
1157:Jefferson Davis
1094:Michael O'Brien
1077:Edward Steichen
1073:Charlie Chaplin
1062:
1026:Abraham Lincoln
1011:Hillary Clinton
974:
958:
941:
932:
859:
843:chilling effect
839:Washington Post
823:G. Wayne Clough
813:Representative
791:Catholic League
765:
741:
687:William Bingham
660:
584:Abraham Lincoln
576:Washington Post
542:Jefferson Davis
502:
429:The unfinished
423:
370:
224:
219:
173:
146:
102:
100:
96:
93:
88:
85:
83:
81:
80:
50:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4203:
4201:
4193:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4127:
4126:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4094:
4089:
4087:James Smithson
4083:
4081:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4051:Hodgkins Medal
4048:
4043:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4009:
4002:
3995:
3987:
3985:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3966:
3964:
3960:
3959:
3957:
3956:
3955:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3934:
3929:
3923:
3921:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3913:
3908:
3907:
3906:
3904:Migratory Bird
3896:
3894:Marine Station
3891:
3890:
3889:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3868:
3867:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3841:
3839:
3835:
3834:
3832:
3831:
3824:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3749:
3744:
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3732:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3700:
3699:
3698:
3693:
3683:
3682:
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3659:
3654:
3648:
3646:
3640:
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3634:
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3631:
3624:
3617:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3590:
3581:
3572:
3567:
3556:
3555:External links
3553:
3552:
3551:
3541:
3534:
3529:Silber, Nina.
3527:
3519:
3512:
3505:
3498:
3491:
3484:
3477:
3471:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3444:
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3430:
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3407:
3404:
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3259:
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3157:
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3092:
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3019:
3001:
2988:
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2897:
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2597:
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2550:
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2506:
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2329:
2301:
2297:New York Times
2284:
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2258:
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2212:
2196:
2183:
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2161:
2148:
2132:
2116:
2100:
2074:
2049:
2033:
2017:
2004:
1988:
1968:
1952:
1936:
1925:. June 1, 1981
1922:New York Times
1903:
1886:
1866:
1858:New York Times
1849:
1836:
1818:
1805:
1801:New York Times
1792:
1779:
1766:
1758:New York Times
1749:
1737:
1721:
1708:
1691:
1682:
1666:
1652:
1643:
1634:
1579:
1577:Smith, p. 268.
1570:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
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1502:
1496:
1490:
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1472:
1469:
1415:
1412:
1307:Main article:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1299:
1290:
1284:
1278:
1277:(graphic arts)
1272:
1262:
1261:
1251:
1241:
1234:
1228:
1222:
1216:
1206:
1196:
1189:
1183:
1173:
1171:Gilbert Stuart
1163:
1153:
1151:Shepard Fairey
1143:
1133:
1131:Gilbert Stuart
1123:
1116:
1106:
1096:
1086:
1079:
1069:
1052:
1042:
1032:
973:
970:
957:
954:
940:
937:
931:
928:
858:
855:
764:
761:
753:Shepard Fairey
740:
737:
706:Lawrence Small
659:
656:
632:daguerreotypes
544:and his wife,
531:Representative
501:
498:
475:Kevin H. White
443:Gilbert Stuart
431:Gilbert Stuart
422:
419:
375:Philanthropist
369:
366:
362:James Smithson
299:E. H. Harriman
291:Abram Garfield
257:, visited the
223:
220:
218:
215:
185:
184:
171:
167:
166:
134:
130:
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128:(2013–present)
123:
119:
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78:
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64:
60:
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56:
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51:
48:
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33:
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15:
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10:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
4202:
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4148:
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4138:
4136:
4133:
4132:
4130:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4098:
4097:Wilson Center
4095:
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4084:
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4018:
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4008:
4007:
4003:
4001:
4000:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3982:
3976:
3975:Ripley Center
3973:
3971:
3968:
3967:
3965:
3961:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3927:Asian Pacific
3925:
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3922:
3918:
3912:
3909:
3905:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
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3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3828:Uncle Beazley
3825:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
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3794:
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3687:
3684:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3675:
3672:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3663:
3662:Air and Space
3660:
3658:
3655:
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3650:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3630:
3625:
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3607:
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1481:Charles Nagel
1479:
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1445:Norman Foster
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1271:(photography)
1270:
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1259:Kehinde Wiley
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524:
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519:James Madison
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409:
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331:
330:Andrew Mellon
326:
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231:Andrew Mellon
228:
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3992:American Art
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3970:Affiliations
3952:Global Sound
3860:Astrophysics
3826:
3795:
3674:American Art
3586:provided by
3576:
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3406:Bibliography
3391:. Retrieved
3385:
3375:
3363:. Retrieved
3357:
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3328:
3316:. Retrieved
3311:
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3277:the original
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3058:
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2759:Dale, p. 47.
2755:
2746:
2741:Ross, p. 87.
2737:
2730:Acker, p. 14
2724:
2712:
2700:. Retrieved
2696:
2686:
2674:. Retrieved
2670:
2660:
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2647:
2638:
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2541:. Retrieved
2514:
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2493:the original
2488:
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2457:
2448:PBS Newshour
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2400:the original
2386:
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2368:
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1788:Boston Globe
1787:
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1621:the original
1616:
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1493:Marc Pachter
1474:
1465:
1449:
1441:
1433:
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1425:
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1392:
1362:Walt Whitman
1358:Clara Barton
1355:
1345:façade, and
1328:
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1287:Mathew Brady
1263:
1257:" (2018) by
1255:Barack Obama
1247:" (1849) by
1226:Paul Cézanne
1220:Mary Cassatt
1200:Mary Cassatt
1159:" (1849) by
1139:" (1890) by
1112:" (2009) by
1102:" (1940) by
1100:Ethel Waters
1090:Donald Trump
1083:Colin Powell
1075:" (1925) by
1048:" (1940) by
1019:
1015:Save America
994:
980:
966:
962:
959:
950:
933:
912:Alice Waters
860:
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803:John Boehner
798:
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766:
757:Tony Podesta
750:
746:
742:
724:Marc Pachter
716:
710:
691:Pennsylvania
673:
636:abolitionist
629:
621:
608:George Meade
600:
588:
575:
572:Mathew Brady
568:
553:
511:James Monroe
503:
494:
490:
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472:Boston Mayor
468:
440:
433:portrait of
412:
410:
398:Mary Cassatt
389:graphic arts
386:
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346:
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327:
303:J. P. Morgan
301:, financier
289:, architect
263:
246:
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190:
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4013:Smithsonian
3708:Heye Center
3657:African Art
3393:February 5,
3365:February 5,
3318:December 3,
3239:January 15,
3059:AIArchitect
2702:January 17,
2676:January 17,
2543:February 6,
2376:February 8,
2322:February 6,
2093:February 7,
1929:February 5,
1627:February 5,
1501:– 2008–2012
1495:– 2000–2007
1281:Irving Penn
1204:Edgar Degas
1063: 1785
998:White House
884:photography
851:open letter
815:Eric Cantor
805:, incoming
625:Irving Penn
596:Edgar Degas
534:Fisher Ames
378:Paul Mellon
305:, attorney
101: /
76:Coordinates
55:Established
4129:Categories
4006:STEM in 30
3667:Udvar–Hazy
3111:October 2,
3106:npg.si.edu
1512:References
1436:California
1372:, and the
1177:John Brown
1167:John Adams
1149:(2008) by
1114:David Lenz
939:Collection
908:first lady
888:David Lenz
793:president
644:John Brown
592:Monticello
515:John Adams
195:art museum
86:38°53′52″N
3963:Education
3764:Hirshhorn
3725:Asian Art
3715:Anacostia
2499:March 10,
1537:Citations
1476:include:
1351:Parthenon
1347:porticoes
1339:sandstone
1335:Chinatown
920:Slow Food
904:president
892:Milwaukee
880:sculpture
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536:from the
328:In 1937,
126:Kim Sajet
117:1,069,932
89:77°1′23″W
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3947:Folkways
3920:Cultural
3838:Research
3524:15, 1961
2697:ABC News
1385:and the
1303:Building
1296:magazine
872:painting
864:portrait
825:ordered
797:labeled
784:crucifix
726:flew to
646:, whose
122:Director
114:Visitors
63:Location
3865:Chandra
3752:Gardens
3735:Sackler
3644:Museums
3577:Q&A
3575:C-SPAN
3546:. 2004
2671:NPR.org
2406:June 7,
1747:, p. 7.
1210:Osceola
876:drawing
684:Senator
614:. The
217:History
170:Website
4034:Awards
3932:Latino
3801:Postal
3769:Latino
3742:Castle
1368:, the
1343:marble
728:Nevada
610:, and
517:, and
463:Boston
447:George
70:, U.S.
4080:Other
3984:Media
3730:Freer
1517:Notes
1065:) by
3395:2013
3367:2013
3320:2010
3241:2016
3213:2010
3113:2019
3071:2010
2704:2017
2678:2017
2545:2013
2501:2016
2408:2013
2378:2013
2324:2013
2095:2013
1931:2013
1629:2013
1360:and
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666:The
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189:The
181:.edu
177:.npg
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