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381:, the zoo superintendent, to the abilities of Wolf in illustrating minute details of animals in action. Darwin requested Wolf to make some illustrations from photographs and living animals in the zoological garden. Wolf held his own opinions on the reliability of others' observations and even doubted Darwin's interpretation of the face of a monkey as a "laugh". Darwin visited him on several occasions and Wolf appreciated him for being very approachable, someone that even "a child could talk to".
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377:(War of 1870.) After the war, he met Daniel Giraud Elliot in Paris and visited a battlefield. He rendered the image in a design called "Peace and War" with turtle doves on a bush over a soldier's helmet. He also produces some cartoon like illustrations including "Lecture on Embryology" in which he taunts certain men of science. When Charles Darwin began his study of animal expressions, he was introduced by
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216:—he went on to illustrate a later edition of it in the collection of a trader with an interest in birds, and was surprised by the poor quality of the plates). He returned home after three years of apprenticeship, and for a while took up a temporary job with the village headman in searching homes for illegally concealed liquor.
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271:. In 1847, he left Darmstadt to join the Antwerp Academy to learn the Dutch oil painting techniques. Around this time, Kaup visited the British Museum, he was asked about the German artist who did the plates for Schlegel's book, and Wolf was invited to London to illustrate the genera of birds for a book by
204:, and drew illustrations of birds that he raised from the nest or found near his home. He took a special interest in birds of prey, and considered art as a career but realized at the age of sixteen that he needed more training to be professional. With support from his father he was apprenticed to a firm of
414:(he produced 340 "attractive" colour plates for the ZSL Proceedings in the course of 30 years), and a very large number of illustrations for books on natural history and travel published from various countries; and was considerably successful as a painter as well. Until 1946, the cover of the journal
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and his observation of living birds allowed him to produce illustrations in very accurate and lifelike stances. On occasion he would come back from a trip and produce very accurate sketches from memory. He was very careful in his observation of feather patterns and when he read the works of
Sundevall
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Wolf joined an association called the German
Athenaeum which was founded in 1869 and members met for scientific, literary and musical evenings. For their exhibitions he worked on a range of compositions often with natural elements. His favourite medium was charcoal and ink. Wolf became treasurer to a
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admired Wolf and would have liked him on his staff, but Wolf only contributed illustrations on a freelance basis. Wolf accompanied Gould on a collection trip to Norway. Wolf thought of Gould as a shrewd and uncouth man. Wolf also noted that Gould lacked a knowledge of feather patterning, apart from
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At the age of 20, Wolf was to appear at Maien to join the Army. As a fit young man with sharp-shooting abilities he could not be rejected, but it was peacetime and the surgeon, who knew him, helped him avoid recruitment under the pretext of a weak chest. Back in
Darmstadt, Wolf went on working on
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with whom he could converse in French. He was a friend of
William Russell, an accountant and a Campbell related to the Duke of Argyll. Russell brought Sir Edwin Landseer and the Duke of Argyll to see the works of Wolf. The Duke soon became a patron and he was also introduced to the Duke of
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and a rising sun. In 1946 the sun was removed from the background; the design was entirely changed in 1948 due to excessive wear of the block. In 1865, J. H. Gurney named a species of harrier after Wolf, but it was found to be an already described species.
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bird plates, and joined an art school where he worked on portraits, landscapes and copying of works in the
Darmstadt Gallery. He was a keen observer of wild birds and once had a pit dug in which he sat all day to watch the courtship of
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called him "the greatest of all animal painters", while
Landseer said that Wolf must have been a bird before he became a man. Wolf made numerous drawings in pen and charcoal as well as lithographs for scholarly societies such as the
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subjects. He showed an early talent for art by cutting paper silhouettes of birds and animals which he pasted onto windows. He later took an interest in hunting. He made himself brushes from the fur of a
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deer in the snow; it is dated
January 1881. Wolf soon became the illustrator of choice for all the books published by returning adventurers like
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227:. RĂĽppell was just beginning to work on the birds of Abyssinia and he encouraged Wolf to work for him either by living in Frankfurt or
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Wolf had four daughters, two of whom had children. His direct descendants live in the United
Kingdom, South Africa and New Zealand.
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illustration. He moved to the
British Museum in 1848 and became the preferred illustrator for explorers and naturalists including
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251:. The result was a set of "magnificent paintings of birds of prey in life size" which established Wolf's reputation in Europe.
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knowing nothing about composition, with a tendency to add too much colour, claiming that specimens in the wild were brighter.
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138:. Wolf depicted animals accurately in lifelike postures and is considered one of the great pioneers of wildlife art. Sir
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region. He was originally called
Mathias but later went by the name of Joseph. In his boyhood he assiduously studied
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Wolf died in London, surrounded by his pet birds. He is buried on the eastern side of
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thought him "...without exception, the best all-round animal artist who ever lived".
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His bicentenary was celebrated with a "Joseph Wolf year" in Mörz in January 2020.
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Wolf's abilities were widely acclaimed even in his lifetime. Wolf established
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Wolf travelled to London on 20 March 1848 on the Soho, and was introduced by
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and Nitzsch on pterylography, he had nothing new to learn. The zoologist
987:. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 772.
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A cartoon by Wolf, the inscription reads "Highly learned makes a fool".
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of Longmans publishing. The very next day was set to work on Gray's
247:. Schlegel immediately commissioned Wolf to work on some plates for
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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and introduced himself as a lithographer to the ornithologist
615:. Zoological Society of London. December 2006. Archived from
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Fisher, Clemency Thorne (2004). "Wolf, Joseph (1820–1899)".
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Westminster. Wolf's paintings were also appreciated by the
235:. Wolf moved to Darmstadt but went on working on RĂĽppell's
212:. Here he found his first illustrated ornithology book (by
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life, and showed a remarkable capacity as a draughtsman of
749:. Zoological Society of London. June 2007. Archived from
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179:, then in Rhenish Prussia, not far from the river
362:was named after Wolf in 1865, but the older name
118:(22 January 1820 – 20 April 1899) was a German
1022:. London and New York: Longmans, Green and Co.
262:, which contains Wolf's first published works
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940:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
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295:. While at work in the insect room of the
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1093:People associated with the British Museum
16:German natural history artist (1820–1899)
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1113:Naturalists from the Kingdom of Prussia
937:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
932:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
887:"Letters, announcements, Notes, &c"
885:Buturlin, S. A.; Salvadori, T. (1907).
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231:where he suggested Wolf could work for
171:was his first cousin. Wolf was born in
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826:. Adam and Charles Black. p. 26.
299:, he met other naturalists including
109:340 illustrations for ZSL Proceedings
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1108:Painters from the Kingdom of Prussia
19:For the American mathematician, see
747:"Artefact of the month – June 2007"
422:against a background with ruins, a
349:The Naturalist on the River Amazons
1009:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1959.tb02353.x
995:(1959). "The Centenarian 'Ibis'".
903:10.1111/j.1474-919x.1907.tb04306.x
613:"Artefact of the month – December"
373:fund for German widows during the
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1103:19th-century German male artists
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418:carried a woodcut by Wolf of an
1078:Artists from the Rhine Province
452:", was named after the artist.
346:(for instance Bates' 1863 book
448:In 2002, a new road in Mörz, "
245:Natural History Museum, Leiden
237:The Birds of North-East Africa
163:Joseph was the first son of a
1:
1034:Works by or about Joseph Wolf
326:Wolf was commissioned by the
1098:19th-century German painters
1068:Burials at Highgate Cemetery
1043:Mörz website Joseph Wolf 200
954:UK public library membership
412:Zoological Society of London
328:Zoological Society of London
169:Randolph Michael Probstfield
157:Daubentonia madagascariensis
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330:to paint a watercolour of
306:Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
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489:. National History Museum
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434:Grave of Joseph Wolf in
1019:The life of Joseph Wolf
984:Encyclopædia Britannica
820:Newton, Alfred (1896).
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214:Johann Conrad Susemihl
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260:Traité de fauconnerie
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249:Traité de Fauconnerie
208:, GebrĂĽder Becker at
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132:Alfred Russel Wallace
1088:German lithographers
379:Abraham Dee Bartlett
1083:German bird artists
1016:Palmer, AH (1895).
823:Dictionary of Birds
375:Franco-Prussian War
293:The Genera of Birds
122:who specialized in
44:Joseph Wolf with a
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365:Circus approximans
344:Henry Walter Bates
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273:George Robert Gray
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219:Wolf travelled to
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136:Henry Walter Bates
952:(Subscription or
443:Highgate Cemetery
436:Highgate Cemetery
336:David Livingstone
233:Johann Jakob Kaup
128:David Livingstone
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897:(4): 650–658.
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105:Notable work
99:illustration
78:(1899-04-20)
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1063:1899 deaths
1058:1820 births
873:Palmer 1895
861:Moreau 1959
849:Palmer 1895
837:Palmer 1895
808:Palmer 1895
796:Palmer 1895
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772:Palmer 1895
734:Palmer 1895
722:Palmer 1895
710:Palmer 1895
698:Palmer 1895
686:Palmer 1895
674:Palmer 1895
662:Palmer 1895
650:Palmer 1895
638:Palmer 1895
595:Palmer 1895
583:Palmer 1895
571:Palmer 1895
559:Palmer 1895
547:Palmer 1895
535:Palmer 1895
508:Fisher 2004
474:Palmer 1895
308:of London.
258:Plate from
116:Joseph Wolf
85:Nationality
32:Joseph Wolf
1052:Categories
956:required.)
493:3 November
320:John Gould
64:1820-01-22
229:Darmstadt
221:Frankfurt
183:, in the
154:Aye-aye,
757:27 March
623:27 March
1036:at the
972::
424:pyramid
289:TrĂĽbner
243:at the
210:Koblenz
181:Moselle
175:, near
146:Germany
966:
950:
385:Impact
332:wapiti
279:London
193:animal
165:farmer
120:artist
88:German
462:Notes
402:genre
400:as a
185:Eifel
997:Ibis
916:Morz
891:Ibis
759:2013
625:2013
495:2013
420:ibis
416:Ibis
342:and
191:and
189:bird
173:Mörz
134:and
73:Died
58:Born
1005:doi
1001:101
981:".
942:doi
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