329:
483:
629:
283:
275:. Following the example of his master, Cobergher left for Italy in 1579, trying to fulfil the dream of every artist to study Italian art and culture. On his way there he stayed briefly in Paris, where he learned about his illegitimate birth from seeing the will of his deceased mother. He returned to Antwerp right away to settle some legal matters relating to this discovery. Later in the year, he set forth again to Italy. He settled in
33:
557:
343:
antiquities, antique architecture and statuary. He was also much interested in the way in which Romans represented their gods in paintings, bronze and marble statues, bas-reliefs and on antique coins. He gathered an important collection of coins and medals from the Roman emperors. These drawings and
540:
On 12 November 1604, Cobergher was appointed by the archdukes to the post of "architecte et ingeniaire" (architect-engineer). He moved to his final address in the
Violetstreet in Brussels, where he would remain till his death. He was obviously more appreciated by the archdukes than were the court
298:
together with the
Flemish painter and art dealer Cornelis de Smet. He returned briefly to Antwerp in 1583, buying goods with borrowed money for his second trip to Italy. He is mentioned again in Naples in 1588. In 1591 he allied himself with another compatriot, the painter
868:
Cobergher died in
Brussels on 23 November 1634, leaving his family in deep financial trouble. His properties in Les Moëres had to be sold, as well as his house in Brussels. Even his extensive art and coin collection was auctioned off for 10,000
521:. In 1601 he was invited to Brussels to present himself at the court, arriving in September of that year. When his in-laws died in 1603, he had to return to Rome to settle family matters. On his return in 1604, he brought along a book from
258:
Coeberger and
Catharina Raems, which was attested by deed in May 1579. His name is also written as Wenceslaus, Wensel or Wenzel; his surname is sometimes recorded as Coberger, Cobergher, Coebergher, and Koeberger.
669:, Hainaut (1614–1617) and the church of St. Augustine (1615–1618) in Antwerp (now a concert hall). In 1617 he built in the same mixed style the St. Hubertus chapel for the archducal palace at Tervuren. The
549:, since his salary amounted to 1,500 guilders (increasing to 1,800 guilders in 1610), while Rubens' salary was only 500 guilders. The archdukes rightly considered him as an "uomo universale" (
321:
After the death of his first wife, Michaela Cerf, on 7 July 1599, he married again, four months later and at the age of forty; his second wife was
Suzanna Franckaert, 15-year-old daughter of
849:
in modern-day
Belgium. This reclamation would become his most impressive achievement. These impressive works started in 1619 with the digging of a drainage channel with about twenty
318:. He must also have built up a reputation as an art connoisseur, since in 1598 he was asked to make an inventory and set a value on the paintings of the deceased cardinal Bonelli.
853:, pumping water into the channel, discharging eventually into the sea. This colossal work came finally to end in 1627; so pleased was the archduke that in 1618 he made Cobergher a
703:. He is most probably the author of their set of rules with 500 articles. These pawnshops introduced the modern concept of allowing a credit loan against the deposit of a
865:
he became master of about half the territory of Les Moëres. This would prove to be a serious disadvantage as these properties drew him into a dire financial situation.
1015:
658:
remaining unfinished. The space under the dome is equally heptagonal. This basilica was the first important church with a central dome in the
Southern Netherlands.
506:(not confirmed by surviving documents). He is reported to have overseen the construction of palaces and fortifications, but it is not exactly known which ones.
980:. Brussels: Verhandelingen van de Koninklijke Academie voor Wetenschappen, Letteren en Schone Kunsten van België, Klasse der Schone Kunsten. pp. 180 p.
646:, in Brabant, was to be redesigned as an allegoric homage to the Mother of God, with a layout based on a 7-pointed star. His first designs for the
514:
328:
371:
in 1590. The architecture of several Roman churches made also a deep impression on him; among them most influential were the first truly baroque
1040:
1035:
573:
764:
Apologia ofte
Bescherm-redenen tegen het kekelen van de onredelijcke vyanden, ende oock de tegenraeders, van de Berghen van Bermherticheyt
673:
façade of this chapel was later adopted by other architects, as in the
Carmelite Church (Antwerp, 1623; destroyed), St. Barbara Church,
651:
591:
style in the
Southern Netherlands. He started with several alterations at the palace of the archdukes in Brussels and their castles in
419:
1020:
985:
963:
948:
406:
elements. His composition is rational and his rendering of the human anatomy is correct. A few of his altarpieces still survive: a
325:, who was also active in Rome. He would have nine children with his second wife, while his first marriage had remained childless.
1045:
482:
1030:
581:
564:
Although from now on he would be mainly active as an architect, he did not abandon painting completely. In 1605 he painted two
510:
438:
353:
222:. Faded somewhat into the background as a painter, he is chiefly remembered today as the man responsible for the draining of
1025:
255:
442:
618:
380:
693:. As an economist, he was responsible for introducing this concept of public pawnshops to Flanders, after seeing the
322:
300:
774:, 1621) (Apology or defence against criticism by the unreasonable enemies and adversaries of the Mounts of Piety)
384:
364:, 1591) has been ascribed to Cobergher, but this was based on an erroneous reading of an 18th-century catalogue.
345:
199:
955:
665:
in Flanders, but with additions of early Baroque elements. In 1614 he made the designs for the town hall of
368:
267:
Cobergher began his career as a painter and an architect. In 1573 he started his studies in Antwerp as an
722:. Some of them he designed himself in his mixed style of traditional schemes with Baroque features :
604:
546:
643:
411:
172:
978:
De kerkelijke architectuur van Wensel Cobergher (1557/61 - 1634) in het licht van zijn verblijf in Rome
466:
376:
1010:
1005:
704:
662:
609:
style. One of his most important commissions was the construction (1607–1611) of the church and the
526:
518:
239:
628:
792:
654:
would become his masterpiece. The construction began in 1609 and lasted until about 1624, with the
639:
530:
799:
622:
596:
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282:
927:
923:
981:
959:
944:
542:
307:
315:
830:
811:
719:
614:
600:
522:
433:
823:
757:
695:
678:
141:
889:
J. Van den Gheyn, Peiresc et Cobergher; Annales de l'Académie Royale de Belgique, 1905
999:
834:
446:
272:
223:
176:
754:
Cort verhaal van de oprechtinghe, ordre ende beleyt van de Bergen van Bermherticheyt
689:
In 1618 Cobergher was appointed to the rank of General Superintendent of the public
344:
descriptions were gathered in a set of manuscripts, two of which survive (Brussels,
603:, fountains for the ponds near the archducal palace in Brussels, using the Italian
469:
in Antwerp, can now also be found in the Musée des Beaux-Arts in Nancy, while his
340:
32:
661:
His later works evolved into his own style, more in harmony with the traditional
862:
311:
215:
211:
933:
771:
655:
565:
395:
268:
254:, probably in 1560 (1557, according to one source), he was a natural child of
802:. He planned several drainage works in the western and southern parts of the
690:
471:
430:(Santa Maria in Vallicella, Rome). One of his best known paintings is the
403:
349:
287:
219:
153:
149:
372:
339:
During his stay in Rome, Cobergher became much interested in the study of
858:
850:
788:
767:
647:
610:
592:
550:
499:
476:
207:
203:
196:
145:
53:
556:
899:
P. Soetaert (1978). "Wenzel Cobergher, een Vlaamse Leonardo da Vinci".
870:
842:
838:
803:
743:
727:
588:
458:
454:
251:
235:
231:
49:
756:(Brussels, 1619) (Short narrative of the true order and policy of the
749:
Two books about the public pawnshops are ascribed to Cobergher :
846:
784:
670:
399:
361:
276:
227:
402:
and Rome. His style is somewhat mixed, incorporating Classical and
854:
819:
807:
739:
735:
723:
715:
700:
674:
627:
555:
503:
295:
281:
279:
in 1580 (as attested by a contract) and remained there till 1597.
806:(Dutch: Kempen), a region which then consisted mainly of moor or
638:
In 1607, Cobergher was ordered to redo a bastion of the Catholic
529:. He settled in Antwerp where he was admitted as a master in the
367:
At the same time he was witness to the completion of the dome of
310:
by Jacques Cools). During that time he had also been preparing a
815:
941:
Dictionnaire des Peintres, Sculpteurs, Dessinateurs et Graveurs
498:
Cobergher began his career as an architect in Italy, designing
958:- Oxford University Press, USA; new edition (2 January 1996);
666:
617:. The façade of the church was based on the Roman churches of
922:
This article was initially translated from articles in the
837:(in Dutch : de Moeren), a marshy region of about 3500
833:
southeast of Rome, he composed a report on the draining of
826:. This last project was only realised in the 19th century.
818:. In 1616 he made plans for the canalisation of the river
599:. In 1610 he designed, together with the French engineer
509:
His renown as an architect even reached the court of the
352:
of the Roman Antiquity (according to the French humanist
387:. He would use their design in his later constructions.
861:
of Cobergher, Sint-Antheunis and Groenlandt. By this
390:
During his stay in Italy he painted, under the name "
306:
He moved to Rome in 1597 (as attested in a letter to
234:
border. He is also one of the fathers of the Flemish
16:
Flemish Renaissance architect, artist, and economist
167:
159:
137:
120:
112:
95:
87:
79:
60:
42:
23:
625:. None of the aforementioned structures survive.
461:in 1598, while Cobergher was still in Rome. His
783:Since 1615 he owned a small company, producing
553:) who had received a wide knowledge in Italy.
333:Preparations for the martyrdom of St Sebastian
972:, pp. 163–174, Brussels, 1979 (in Dutch)
829:In 1612, inspired by his observations of the
294:In Naples he worked under contract for eight
8:
191:(1560 – 23 November 1634), sometimes called
356:) that was never published. Sometimes the "
798:Cobergher is perhaps best remembered as a
398:and other works for important churches in
31:
20:
934:Personnages célèbres, Wenceslas Cobergher
710:Between 1618 and 1633, he built fifteen
595:, and worked on their hunting estate in
587:As an architect, Cobergher promoted the
481:
449:. This painting was commissioned by the
327:
882:
1016:Engineers from the Spanish Netherlands
574:Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium
7:
795:. This patent was extended in 1627.
970:Nieuw Biografisch Woordenboek VIII
420:Santa Maria di Piedigrotta, Naples
14:
732:Musée d’histoire et d'archéologie
533:. In 1605 he was admitted in the
943:- Librairie Gründ, Paris, 1976;
615:Discalced Carmelites in Brussels
487:Virgin and Child in an interior
463:Angels Supporting the Dead Lord
439:Cathedral of Our Lady (Antwerp)
354:Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc
166:
37:Portrait of Wenceslas Cobergher
578:St. Helena with the Holy Cross
1:
1041:17th-century Flemish painters
1036:16th-century Flemish painters
238:style of architecture in the
582:Saint James' Church, Antwerp
358:Tractatus de pictura antiqua
348:). He was also preparing an
633:Basilica of Scherpenheuvel
619:Santa Maria in Transpontina
381:Santa Maria in Transpontina
1062:
791:for its production in the
787:. In 1618 he obtained the
323:Jacob Franckaert the Elder
301:Jacob Franckaert the Elder
845:in modern-day France and
712:Bergen van Barmhartigheid
385:Santa Maria in Vallicella
314:book in the tradition of
182:
130:
30:
1021:Flemish Baroque painters
475:is now in the museum of
346:Royal Library of Belgium
1046:Architects from Antwerp
956:Grove Dictionary of Art
1031:Engineers from Antwerp
976:Meganck, Tine (1998).
652:This pilgrimage church
635:
561:
547:Jan Brueghel the Elder
490:
336:
291:
175:, Belgium Draining of
1026:Painters from Antwerp
822:between Brussels and
677:(1665–1667), and the
631:
559:
525:for the printshop of
485:
426:(S Sebastiana) and a
412:San Domenico Maggiore
331:
285:
200:Renaissance architect
841:in the area between
744:Bergues-Saint-Winock
663:Northern Renaissance
642:: the whole city of
527:Christoffel Plantijn
519:Southern Netherlands
465:, originally in the
443:Musée des Beaux-Arts
437:, originally in the
369:St. Peter's Basilica
303:(before 1551–1601).
240:Southern Netherlands
793:Spanish Netherlands
640:Counter Reformation
531:Guild of Saint Luke
517:, governors of the
189:Wenceslas Cobergher
124:Wenceslas Coeberger
25:Wenceslas Cobergher
901:Het Ingenieursblad
800:hydraulic engineer
636:
623:Church of the Gesu
562:
535:Guild of Romanists
491:
377:Church of the Gesù
337:
292:
132:Engineering career
543:Peter Paul Rubens
523:Cardinal Baronius
467:Sint-Antoniuskerk
451:De Jonge Handboog
441:, but now in the
308:Peter Paul Rubens
193:Wenzel Coebergher
186:
185:
105:Suzanna Frankaert
1053:
991:
924:French Knowledge
909:
908:
896:
890:
887:
857:, master of the
650:date from 1606.
560:Town hall of Ath
515:Infanta Isabella
392:maestro Vincenzo
360:" (published in
316:Hendrik Goltzius
163:Maestro Vincenzo
71:23 November 1634
70:
68:
35:
21:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1051:
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996:
995:
988:
975:
928:Dutch Knowledge
918:
913:
912:
898:
897:
893:
888:
884:
879:
831:Pontine Marshes
781:
758:Mounts of Piety
730:(1622, now the
720:Lombard banking
687:
634:
601:Salomon de Caus
511:Archduke Albert
496:
434:Saint Sebastian
424:Birth of Christ
394:", a number of
271:to the painter
265:
248:
152:
148:
144:
126:Catharina Raems
125:
108:
75:
72:
66:
64:
56:
47:
38:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1059:
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880:
878:
875:
780:
777:
776:
775:
761:
714:in towns with
696:Monti di Pietà
686:
683:
679:Averbode Abbey
644:Scherpenheuvel
632:
495:
492:
264:
261:
247:
244:
184:
183:
180:
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173:Scherpenheuvel
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142:Civil engineer
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1001:
989:
987:90-6569-675-X
983:
979:
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968:P. Soetaert,
967:
965:
964:0-19-517068-7
961:
957:
954:Turner, J. -
953:
950:
949:2-7000-0156-7
946:
942:
939:Benezit E. -
938:
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729:
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684:
682:
681:(1164–1672).
680:
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551:universal man
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436:
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432:Martyrdom of
429:
425:
421:
417:
414:, Naples), a
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273:Marten de Vos
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160:Practice name
158:
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133:
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115:
111:
104:
102:Michaela Cerf
101:
100:
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90:
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78:
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59:
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34:
29:
22:
19:
977:
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797:
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709:
694:
688:
660:
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586:
577:
569:
563:
539:
508:
497:
486:
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462:
450:
431:
427:
423:
415:
408:Resurrection
407:
391:
389:
366:
357:
338:
332:
320:
305:
293:
286:
266:
249:
192:
188:
187:
171:Basilica of
131:
18:
1011:1634 deaths
1006:1560 births
951:(in French)
936:(in French)
863:ennoblement
742:(1628) and
572:(Brussels,
566:altarpieces
428:Holy Spirit
416:Crucifixion
396:altarpieces
216:numismatist
212:antiquarian
80:Nationality
46:1560 ?
1000:Categories
992:(in Dutch)
916:References
859:seignories
835:Les Moëres
814:and sandy
772:Henry Jaye
705:collateral
691:pawn shops
570:Deposition
457:guild) of
312:numismatic
269:apprentice
224:the Moëres
177:the Moëres
138:Discipline
88:Occupation
67:1634-11-23
877:Footnotes
851:windmills
685:Economist
606:tempietto
597:Mariemont
541:painters
500:fountains
494:Architect
472:Ecce Homo
404:Mannerist
350:anthology
288:Ecce Homo
256:Wenceslas
220:economist
154:Economist
150:Architect
121:Parent(s)
926:and the
907:: 85–90.
871:guilders
789:monopoly
779:Engineer
768:Mechelen
746:(1633).
738:(1624),
726:(1622),
648:basilica
613:for the
611:cloister
593:Tervuren
477:Toulouse
250:Born in
204:engineer
195:, was a
168:Projects
113:Children
91:Engineer
74:Brussels
54:Flanders
843:Dunkirk
804:Campine
728:Tournai
716:usurers
589:Baroque
459:Antwerp
455:archers
375:of the
263:Painter
252:Antwerp
236:Baroque
232:Belgian
226:on the
208:painter
197:Flemish
146:Painter
96:Spouses
83:Flemish
50:Antwerp
984:
962:
947:
847:Veurne
785:potash
671:volute
656:belfry
576:) and
504:canals
489:(1586)
400:Naples
373:façade
362:Mantua
335:(1599)
296:ducats
277:Naples
228:Franco
905:XLVII
855:baron
824:Halle
820:Zenne
812:heath
808:swamp
740:Lille
736:Arras
724:Ghent
701:Italy
675:Diest
447:Nancy
422:), a
341:Roman
982:ISBN
960:ISBN
945:ISBN
816:peat
718:and
621:and
568:, a
513:and
502:and
383:and
246:Life
218:and
116:nine
61:Died
43:Born
839:ha.
766:" (
734:),
699:in
667:Ath
584:).
545:or
445:in
1002::
903:.
873:.
810:,
770:,
707:.
537:.
479:.
379:,
242:.
214:,
210:,
206:,
202:,
52:,
990:.
760:)
580:(
453:(
418:(
410:(
230:-
69:)
65:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
