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220:(MEM); the ascent stage performed the rendezvous with a different spacecraft that did a flyby of Mars without entering orbit or landing. Compared to MOR, a flyby rendezvous means one spacecraft does not have to orbit Mars, so the resources needed on a return journey to Earth are not taken in and out of Mars orbit for example. (See also
38:
301:
1134:
Bagenal, F.; Delamere, P. A.; Elliott, H. A.; Hill, M. E.; Lisse, C. M.; McComas, D. J.; McNutt Jr, R. L.; Richardson, J. D.; Smith, C. W.; Strobel, D. F. (2015). "Solar wind at 33 AU: Setting bounds on the Pluto interaction for New
Horizons".
211:
In regards to Mars flybys, a related concept is a Mars flyby rendezvous, where a spacecraft does not enter orbit but rendezvous before or after a flyby of the planet with another spacecraft. Mars flyby rendezvous was evaluated at NASA's
267:
lander EDL (they were launched towards Mars with the cruise stage carrying the InSight lander). Both MarCOs reached Mars and successfully relayed data during the Entry, Descent, and
Landing phase of Insight on November 26, 2018.
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was radar imaged at distance of 2.2 million miles (3,500,000 km) from Earth in 2016, during its flyby. This enabled the size of the nucleus to be calculated to about 3,300 feet (1 km) in diameter.
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in on its transit to Mars, in
September 2020 and made a flyby of Mars around 10 February, 2021 according to its trajectory thought for Mars, before entering the deep space or a solar orbit.
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104:) to impel it towards another target. Spacecraft which are specifically designed for this purpose are known as flyby spacecraft, although the term has also been used in regard to
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performed the most distant flyby to date, of the Kuiper belt object
Arrokoth. New Horizons previously did a flyby of Pluto in July 2015, and that was at about 32.9 AU (
236:
flyby of Mars in 1969 caused another breakthrough in knowledge about the planet. The
Mariner 6 & 7 infrared radiometer results from he flyby showed that the
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had its closest approach of Earth, coming within 7.1 million miles or 11.4 million kilometres (one of its closest approaches to Earth).
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in the 1960s. At that time NASA developed designs for a combination of a Mars lander, short-stay surface habitat, and ascent vehicle called a
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flyby of Mars in July 1965 returned more accurate atmospheric data about Mars and much closer views of its surface then previously.
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Flyby is also sometimes loosely used to describe when, for example, an asteroid approaches and coasts by the Earth.
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440:. It achieved 126 flybys of Titan, and its final close flyby was on April 22, 2017 prior to its retirement.
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doing a flyby of the distance of 7,800 km (4,800 mi) of the nucleus on
September 11, 1985.
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List of minor planets and comets visited by spacecraft § List of comets visited by spacecraft
297:) from the Sun, while the New Year's Day 2019 flyby of the Kuiper object Arrokoth was at 43.6 AU.
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flybys of Earth for example. Important parameters are the time and distance of closest approach.
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Woods, W. David; Kemppanen, Johannes; Turhanov, Alexander; Waugh, Lennox J. (May 30, 2017).
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spacecraft trajectory around Saturn over 10 years, during which it passed closely by many
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spacecraft had an exploded oxygen tank, and therefore had to flyby around the Moon. The
959:
Chdse, S. C. (1969-03-01). "Infrared radiometer for the 1969 mariner mission to Mars".
395:
195:
97:
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lander; the flybys provided bent pipe communication support during the landing in 2018
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During an asteroid flyby of Earth, sometimes they are imaged by radar. Animation of
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1350:"Two Small Asteroids Are Buzzing Earth This Weekend. See One Live Tonight!"
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37:
1399:"Comet's 2014 Mars Flyby Caused Most Intense Meteor Shower Ever Recorded"
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1051:
1046:
792:"SpaceX says its BFR will fly someone around the Moon; we have questions"
105:
980:
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s had its first flyby of Titan in
October 2004. For further examples of
203:
6U cubesat relay flyby probes and technology demonstrators for the Mars
1275:"Titan Flyby T-126: Final Close Encounter, Gateway to the Grand Finale"
1261:"Titan Flyby T-126: Final Close Encounter, Gateway to the Grand Finale"
1091:"Touchdown on Mars! NASA's InSight Lands to Peer Inside the Red Planet"
264:
204:
45:
734:"First mission to Mars: Mariner 4's special place in history | Cosmos"
411:(from 2004–2017) performed flybys of many of Saturn's moons including
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Another application of the flyby is of Earth's Moon, usually called a
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This was also the term for when a comet did a flyby of Mars in 2014.
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On the night of
December 31, 2018 to the morning of January 1, 2019
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633:"Basics of Space Flight - Solar System Exploration: NASA Science"
609:"Basics of Space Flight - Solar System Exploration: NASA Science"
138:
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trajectory around Saturn from 1 May 2004 to 15 September 2017
92:
passes in proximity to another body, usually a target of its
1471:"Brightest comet of the year will zoom near Earth this week"
1374:"Asteroid seen after it makes the closest flyby of the year"
1305:(Report). NASA. pp. 241–242. TDA Progress Report 42-87.
882:
Humans to Mars: Fifty Years of
Mission Planning, 1950 - 2000
1298:
Stelzried, C.; Efron, L.; Ellis, J. (July–September 1986).
76:
70:
436:
Cassini conducted many flybys at various distances of the
657:"'Tunguska'-Size Asteroid Makes Surprise Flyby of Earth"
1494:
Smithsonian Air and Space- Probes and Fly-by
Spacecraft
908:"Origin of the Apollo-shaped Manned Mars Lander (1966)"
1503:
763:"Our SpaceFlight Heritage: ICE—The first comet flyby"
705:"Our SpaceFlight Heritage: ICE—The first comet flyby"
64:
568:
Deliberate crash landings on extraterrestrial bodies
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1011:"Infrared Spectrometer and the Exploration of Mars"
936:"Infrared Spectrometer and the Exploration of Mars"
868:
866:
864:
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244:), and they were also able to detect trace amounts
61:
884:. NASA Monographs in Aerospace History Series.
886:National Aeronautics and Space Administration
263:performed a flyby to relay communication for
16:Flight event at some distance from the object
8:
1318:"New Super Close-Up Images From Comet Flyby"
491:In 2010, the Deep Impact spacecraft, on the
579:List of asteroid close approaches to Earth
484:) passed through the plasma tail of comet
469:Flyby of comet Hartley 2 on Nov. 4, 2010 (
1447:"Flyby Comet Was WAY Bigger Than Thought"
1423:"Flyby Comet Was WAY Bigger Than Thought"
1148:
1034:ESA - Rosetta successfully swings-by Mars
240:was composed mostly of carbon dioxide (CO
1137:Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets
495:mission did a flyby of comet Hartley 2.
122:Flyby maneuvers can be conducted with a
1510:
817:"Day 3: 'Houston, we've had a problem'"
600:
1279:Solar System Exploration: NASA Science
873:Portree, David S. F. (February 2001).
637:Solar System Exploration: NASA Science
613:Solar System Exploration: NASA Science
33:during its flyby of the Jovian system
7:
160:An example of a comet flyby is when
137:Planetary flybys have occurred with
130:or a non-planetary object such as a
1047:"Space probe performs Mars fly-by"
518:, which had an Earth flyby in 2017
14:
1561:
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1537:
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1513:
1237:"Titan A Flyby Closest Approach"
1213:"Titan A Flyby Closest Approach"
681:"Titan A Flyby Closest Approach"
57:
478:International Cometary Explorer
407:(launched 1997), which orbited
162:International Cometary Explorer
44:spacecraft encounters asteroid
740:. 13 July 2017. Archived from
1:
1316:Grossman, Lisa (2010-11-04).
875:"Chapter 3: EMPIRE and After"
426:flybys of Saturn's moons see
304:Diagram of the trajectory of
96:mission and/or a source of a
769:. 2018-09-12. Archived from
711:. 2018-09-12. Archived from
574:Flight dynamics (spacecraft)
246:water on the surface of Mars
187:will include a lunar flyby.
821:Apollo Lunar Flight Journal
274:Tianwen-1 Deployable Camera
1605:
1067:"MarCO: CubeSats to Mars!"
458:
115:
1015:American Chemical Society
940:American Chemical Society
535:On December 16, 2018 the
310:during its flyby of Pluto
214:Manned Spacecraft Center
118:List of planetary flybys
843:"Exploration Mission 2"
234:Mariner 6 and Mariner 7
132:small Solar System body
519:
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170:Comet Giacobini-Zinner
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1300:Halley Comet Missions
847:European Space Agency
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459:Further information:
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218:Mars Excursion Module
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88:operation in which a
40:
23:Imagery collected by
22:
1584:Spaceflight concepts
1167:10.1002/2015JE004880
1055:. February 25, 2007.
443:An animation of the
199:Illustration of the
150:List of Earth flybys
1159:2015JGRE..120.1497B
981:10.1364/AO.8.000639
973:1969ApOpt...8..639C
767:SpaceFlight Insider
709:SpaceFlight Insider
584:Orbital spaceflight
172:in September 1985.
738:cosmosmagazine.com
558:Aerogravity assist
520:
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295:astronomical units
259:In 2018, the twin
238:atmosphere of Mars
209:
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1071:www.planetary.org
916:. 25 October 2012
128:natural satellite
94:space exploration
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1568:Solar System
1499:Lunar flybys
1474:
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1380:. 2018-08-13
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796:Ars Technica
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771:the original
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742:the original
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713:the original
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541:46P/Wirtanen
537:short period
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1544:Spaceflight
1241:sci.esa.int
1217:sci.esa.int
685:sci.esa.int
553:Aerobraking
529:P/2016 BA14
285:Kuiper belt
271:Meanwhile,
222:Mars cycler
177:lunar flyby
86:spaceflight
1578:Categories
1456:2018-11-07
1432:2018-11-07
1408:2018-11-04
1384:2018-11-04
1359:2018-11-04
1335:2019-01-01
1284:2019-01-03
1246:2018-11-04
1222:2018-11-04
1198:2018-10-26
1150:1509.04660
1100:2018-11-26
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690:2018-11-04
666:2018-11-04
642:2018-11-04
618:2018-11-04
595:References
570:('fly-in')
228:Mariner IV
155:Mars flyby
116:See also:
90:spacecraft
1520:Astronomy
1476:USA Today
1451:Space.com
1427:Space.com
1403:Space.com
1354:Space.com
1330:1059-1028
1175:118518239
1095:Space.com
989:1559-128X
661:Space.com
368:Enceladus
279:Tianwen-1
277:, imaged
185:Artemis 2
181:Apollo 13
26:Voyager 2
1052:BBC News
997:20072273
892:July 18,
547:See also
473:mission)
106:asteroid
102:swing-by
31:Ganymede
1506:Portals
1155:Bibcode
969:Bibcode
920:4 March
510:2014 JO
445:Cassini
424:Cassini
396:Iapetus
340:Cassini
338:
327:Cassini
316:Cassini
265:InSight
253:Rosetta
205:InSight
166:nucleus
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143:Earth
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1378:CNET
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985:ISSN
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894:2014
828:2019
191:Mars
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