465:
accomplished its object. Many in the squadron were rather surprised as there has been nothing exciting, that the pock-marked lines seemed so quiet, and no
Germans were in the air. The fact was that we failed to realize the danger, but that was soon to change. Over the next several days the squadron began a routine of three scheduled patrols, lasting about an hour each, and then three or four voluntary patrols each day. On 4 June, the squadron performed seven patrols with the object of keeping enemy observation photographers from coming over. The first of these patrols saw Lt. O'Neill and Lt. Larwence at an altitude of 5,000 meters when Larwence dived away. O'Neill followed him down and caught him in the heavy clouds between 3,000 and 1,000 meters. Larwence made a motion to descend and the two went below the clouds. Then Larwence lost control of his Niewuport and fell into a left spin. He was spinning when he hit the ground and the plane immediately caught fire. O'Neill landed and found him dead. Larwence was presumed to have become sick shortly before he dived down.
520:. It was engaged in combat and Lt O'Neill drove one down out of control. Both of his guns then jammed and he was forced to withdraw, with two enemy aircraft on his tail. Lt. Raible engaged another but both of his guns jammed. Lt. Siemonds motor gave trouble and was also force to withdraw and make an emergency landing while Lt Perry attacked and downed the one he engaged. Meanwhile, high flight was in aerial combat with seven more Pfalz. Lt. Porter got on the tail of the leader and shot him down. Three other enemy aircraft were shot down by other members of the flight. It was the first significant combat for the 147th Squadron and it had met the enemy, eight to twelve and brought down half his formation. For the next few days, there were no enemy engagements of substance to report. It was on 8 July the first member of the squadron was lost in action. Lt. Maxwell O. Perry was lost when ten of the 147th flew well into enemy territory chasing their aircraft and he failed to return.
304:
73:
116:
28:
1729:
56:
544:. The counter-offensive began on the 18th and the 147th flew two and often three patrols a day, and met considerable opposition in the air. Lt Brotheron shot down an enemy balloon and Simonds received the Croix de Guerre for strafing German troops and ground positions behind their lines. On the 24th a formation of six met twelve Fokkers and forced a fight, shooting down four. The same afternoon, Lt. White met two German aircraft and shot them both down. He received the DSC.
553:
156:
970:
1051:
989:
1020:
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477:. While waiting for them to appear, the squadron's "A" Flight formation was broken up by a terrific anti-aircraft barrage near the city. The Salmsons did not appear and the squadron's Nieuports flew from the barrage separately. Lt. Asheden landed in Switzerland after having been lost during a two hours flight. Lt. Brotherton was also lost, then managed to find the
1230:
386:, Texas, near Fort Worth. At Everman Field, the men received a most practical and excellent training in the hands of the Canadian Royal Flying Corps. The course training for mechanics being completed, the squadron was then transferred to Hicks Field (#1) at Camp Taliaferro, where primary flight training was conducted for the flight cadets.
577:, and everyone was anxious to get into this new push hoping it would be the last show. During the beginning of the month, the squadron did patrols just over the Airdrome, however on 4 September the 137th flew into enemy territory looking for German aircraft but found none to report. The squadron patrolled between
452:, about 25 miles from the Toul lines. Here, the final organization of the squadron was made, and the receipt of the Nieuport 28 airplanes. Training continued with practice formations and an occasional alert when enemy aircraft were seen or rumored to be in the vicinity. On 31 May, the squadron moved to the
437:, reaching it the night of 25 March. Every phase of the trip had been the most tiring and miserable, and everyone was glad to have at least gotten somewhere. At Tours, the squadron spent the balance of March awaiting news about where they would be going next. On 31 March, the flying officers were sent to
667:
During the organization's stay at
Colombey, the men attended to the usual camp duties. Personnel at Colombey were subsequently assigned to the commanding general, services of supply, and ordered to report to one of several staging camps in France. There, personnel awaited scheduling to report to one
655:
Proficiency flights were conducted after the
Armistice with Germany, however, no flights were permitted to be flown over German-controlled territory. The squadron remained at Rembercourt for about a month. On 12 December 1918 orders were received from First Army for the squadron to report to the 1st
432:
harbor. Finally, on the third evening the ship docked, and the men finally arrived on French soil. Then a six-mile march was made in rain and darkness to another rest camp, arriving after midnight, the squadron fully drenched, worn out and sleeping in small, dark tents which were as cold and wet as
381:
The 147th Aero
Squadron began as a widely scattered group of men, mostly in Texas who arrived at Kelly Field during the summer of 1917 where they spent time on learning the rudiments of soldiering. On 10 November 1917, the unit was organized and given a designation. Once formed, they were ordered to
468:
In the days that followed, saw a continuance of these same types of patrols. Few enemy aircraft were in the sector and the
Germans seemed of a respectful nature. However, on 25 June, an entire formation became lost. An hour before dawn two Flights of squadron aircraft took off to meet some of our
389:
When formed, the squadron consisted of some 300 men, all of which were candidates for flying training. The rapid and thorough training given by the RCFC resulted in numerous accidents. Training consisted of bombing, photography, contact patrol, artillery observation, and scout combats and patrols.
643:
During the balance of
October, the usual patrols took place with large German Fokker formations were frequently encountered, with air-to-air combat taking place. During the first days of November, patrols were kept up, even though the weather was unfavorable. It was during this time rumors of an
338:. Its mission was to engage and clear enemy aircraft from the skies and provide escort to reconnaissance and bombardment squadrons over enemy territory. It also attacked enemy observation balloons, and perform close air support and tactical bombing attacks of enemy forces along the front lines.
464:
The first formation of the 147th Aero
Squadron to fly in combat was led by Lieutenant Loomis of the 95th AS. The 94th and 95th squadrons had been operating over the lines for over a month, and it gave the 147th experienced pilots to show us the sector. The first patrol was uneventful, it
573:, and the rest of the month was spent getting the SPADs in shape. The SPADs ranged from very reliable to motors that never ran at all. It began an era of forced landings caused by unreliable motors. At the end of 1 August Pursuit Group became a part of First Army and moved to
589:
on 12 September squadron patrols went out one after another. With no enemy aircraft, it was possible to fly low and the squadron's pilots returned with much valuable information of enemy forces on the ground. On the 16th significant contact was made with an enemy two-seat
502:
394:
for overseas travel. The squadron arrived on the 19th and was quarantined, as the camp was in an ill condition. The officers were kept clear of the quarantine and spent their time in New York City or at home if possible. On 5 March the 147th was ordered to board the
427:
All though that day and evening, the men and officers remained on the boat that night and all of the next day as the ship sailed through a very thick, cold, damp fog. On the second night the boat crossed to the French coast however the fog prevented entrance into
556:
147th Aero
Squadron group photo with a SPAD XIII. Likely taken at Rembercourt Aerodrome, France, November 1917. (Kneeling second from right is LT Josiah P. Rowe Jr. of Fredericksburg, Virginia – author of Letters from A World War I Aviator and owner/editor of
676:
On 8 March 1919, the 147th Aero
Squadron boarded a troop ship and sailed for New York Harbor, arriving on the 18th. It proceeded to Camp Mills, Long Island, on 19 March where the personnel of the squadron were demobilized and returned to civilian life.
644:
armistice were about, and the enemy was not very active. The squadron's patrols collected valuable intelligence that was passed down to the ground units. On 11 November hostilities ceased and the 147th Aero
Squadron made its last patrol over the lines.
1694:
672:
prior to its return to the United States. Upon arrival the men were caught up on any back pay owed to them, de-loused, a formal military records review was performed and a passenger list was created prior to the men boarding a ship.
531:
began. The RAF 9 Brigade came down from the British Sector and their assistance was invaluable. Aerial combat was engaged in the succeeding days. On one patrol Lt Abernathy wandered away from his formation and he encountered six
1280:
Series "H", Section "O", Volume 29, Weekly Statistical Reports of Air Service Activities, October 1918 – May 1919. Gorrell's History of the American Expeditionary Forces Air Service, 1917–1919, National Archives, Washington,
1234:
631:
on the tail of an inexperienced pilot, White intervened. When his guns jammed so he couldn't fire at the enemy, he instead rammed the German instead, to score his eighth victory. White was posthumously recommended for the
2602:
2150:
1667:
2074:
1677:
1672:
1716:
390:
Upon completion of the training, the 147th Aero Squadron consisted of 30 flying officers and 193 men, with five more pilots to follow. On 14 February 1918, the squadron entrained at Hicks Field, and was bound for
411:
on 8 March, and the trans-Atlantic trip was uneventful. Landing was made at Liverpool on 14 March. After disembarking, the squadron was marched from the docks to the Liverpool railway station where it boarded a
1699:
1212:
2597:
1514:
Series "D", Weekly Statistical Reports of Air Service Activities, October 1918 – May 1919. Gorrell's History of the American Expeditionary Forces Air Service, 1917–1919, National Archives, Washington, D.C.
1984:
1972:
1682:
1538:
United States War Department (1920), Battle Participation of Organizations of the American Expeditionary Forces in France, Belgium and Italy, 1917–1919, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1920
609:, and its mission was changed from air interdiction to ground support of advancing Army forces, normally flying below 800 meters. The first task was to shoot down German observation balloons. The
420:, near the south coast of England. Arriving in the late afternoon the squadron was moved to the Romsey Rest Camp. Everyone was held in camp until 21 March, when the squadron traveled by train to
660:
to turn in all of its supplies and equipment and was relieved from duty with the AEF. The squadron's SPAD aircraft were delivered to the Air Service American Air Service Acceptance Park No. 1 at
627:
Three hours later, Lt White took off again. He had already become the 147th Aero Squadron's leading ace and had orders to return to the United States when he flew this last sortie. When he saw a
1711:
1304:
Over the Front: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United States and French Air Services, 1914–1918 Norman Franks, Frank W. Bailey. Grub Street, 1992. ISBN 0- 948817-54-2,
1851:
2607:
620:
biplane well inside our lines. Many German planes were seen in the air every day and combat was frequent, with the squadron being frequently outnumbered. On 10 October Lt. White shot down a
594:
observation plane, it was attacked and shot down. A few moments later they attacked another Rumpler and also shot it down. Then while returning home alone, Lt Love encountered five German
2001:
2069:
1505:
Series "E", Volume 27, Supplemental History of the 10th–636th Squadrons. Gorrell's History of the American Expeditionary Forces Air Service, 1917–1919, National Archives, Washington, D.C.
1762:
536:
biplanes. In the fight that ensured he shot down one Fokker, but was forced to land near the lines when his plane was badly shot up by bullets. For this engagement he received the
2445:
1803:
512:
The beginning of July saw more German air activity in the sector. Eight aircraft left Toul about 16:30 in two echelons of four each. About 17:30 the low flight saw five German
2008:
303:
1295:
Gorrell's History of the American Expeditionary Forces Air Service, Series M, Volume 38, Compilation of Confirmed Victories and Losses of the AEF Air Service as of 26 May 1919
2493:
1410:
Series "E", Volume 18, History of the 147th Aero Squadron. Gorrell's History of the American Expeditionary Forces Air Service, 1917–1919, National Archives, Washington, D.C.
668:
of the base ports in France for transport to the United States and subsequent demobilization. On 5 February 1919, the 147th was moved to Base Station No. 5 near the port of
1996:
1659:
1642:
2342:
2089:
1592:
1491:
Maurer, Maurer (1978) The US Air Service in World War I, Volume I, The Final Report and a Tactical History, The Office of Air Force History Headquarters USAF Washington
2160:
1788:
1706:
1647:
1548:
2117:
1689:
2255:
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1625:
2042:
1767:
1637:
1419:
Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the First World War, Volume 3, Part 3, Center of Military History, United States Army, 1949 (1988 Reprint)
489:. Only one pilot returned to Toul successfully. Later that dame day, orders came to be ready to move to the Marne Sector. On 27 June, the squadron left for
1967:
598:
fighters. He fired on the enemy but was forced to withdraw. Later in the day, three squadron planes went on a balloon strafing mission, shooting down one.
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537:
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1991:
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in the morning. That afternoon, the men boarded the "Northwestern Miller", which left the harbor in a thick fog, also carrying horses and cattle.
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1979:
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began on the 26th and each day before daylight patrols to attack enemy balloons were sent out. Low patrols continued throughout October.
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2240:
2197:
724:
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445:
aircraft the squadron was to be assigned. The balance of the squadron remained at Tours, training insofar as much as it was possible.
2541:
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1924:
1816:
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2308:
2250:
2201:
1783:
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647:
During its time in combat, the squadron gained 62 victories and suffered nine casualties. The squadron flew 2,000 combat hours.
413:
1552:
2102:
1821:
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1217:
115:
2513:
2245:
2205:
994:
346:
316:
77:
2365:
2260:
2213:
1025:
806:
404:
103:
72:
1323:"Maurer, Maurer (1978), The US Air Service in World War I, The Office of Air Force History, Headquarters USAF Washington"
433:
the march had been. The next afternoon, the squadron was again marched to the Le Havre railway station and entrained for
2498:
2225:
2209:
895:
657:
482:
177:
262:*Meissner had a total of 8 confirmed aerial victories, 4 of them shared. 4 of the victories came while he was with the
871:
453:
342:
320:
2571:
2526:
2503:
1826:
528:
27:
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to be returned to the French. There practically all of the pilots and observers were detached from the squadron.
2219:
1831:
1752:
1632:
2420:
2122:
2059:
335:
278:
1130:
558:
505:
271:
1430:
1099:, DSC, CdG, air ace, 5 aerial victories (Son of Rough Rider Daniel Healy – KIA Battle of San Juan Hill, Cuba)
2483:
2471:
2351:
2235:
2165:
1954:
1601:
610:
353:
36:, 147th Aero Squadron. He was a Flight Commander for the Squadron and gained 8 victories during his service.
1168:
1112:
889:
574:
417:
391:
365:
357:
292:
249:
33:
969:
585:, but everything was quiet as the Toul sector had been in June. When the American forces launched the
1944:
1939:
1841:
907:
586:
1050:
2576:
2561:
1949:
1934:
1929:
1329:
813:
552:
361:
988:
2521:
2508:
2466:
2435:
1914:
1861:
1846:
1811:
1757:
1143:
1116:
1096:
732:
438:
263:
192:
1019:
517:
155:
2230:
1919:
1894:
1457:
1449:
1439:
1305:
877:
753:
602:
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490:
331:
220:
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landed in our line trenches when he ran out of petrol. Another pilot landed in a swamp near
2413:
2012:
1899:
1884:
1874:
1200:
883:
637:
524:
345:, the squadron returned to the United States in March 1919 and became part of the permanent
168:
1262:
2476:
1909:
1904:
1889:
1879:
1869:
1269:
865:
859:
449:
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383:
285:
501:
2430:
794:
633:
256:
2591:
2269:
2265:
1192:
901:
669:
661:
61:
2440:
628:
578:
566:
197:
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On the 24th the squadron's sector was changed and it began patrolling between the
486:
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617:
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478:
442:
421:
408:
324:
173:
120:
843:
823:
396:
181:
330:
The squadron was assigned as a Day Pursuit (Fighter) Squadron as part of the
836:
470:
441:, the US Third Aviation Instruction Center, for a course of training on the
400:
185:
2320:
1570:
2385:
1461:
849:
429:
1115:, Squadron Commander, DSC (2x), air ace, 8 aerial victories (4 with the
591:
606:
533:
307:
Operations Office of the 147th Aero Squadron in France, May–June 1918
1174:
Lt. Josiah P. Rowe Jr., author of Letters from a World War I Aviator
624:
in conjunction with Lt. Porter and another pilot shortly past noon.
1213:
Organization of the Air Service of the American Expeditionary Force
456:, near Toul and formal combat operations over the lines commenced.
551:
500:
302:
1438:(reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History.
1453:
474:
2324:
1574:
2603:
Squadrons of the United States Army Air Service in World War I
743:
Headquarters, Chief of Air Service, AEF, 25 March-1 June 1918
349:
in 1921, being re-designated as the 17th Squadron (Pursuit).
1238:
1074:
782:
715:
448:
The end of April saw the squadron depart Tours and move to
1549:"Military Times Hall of Valor Search, 147th Aero Squadron"
1155:
Lt. Louis C. Simon Jr., DSC (2x), CdG, 2 aerial victories
2598:
Fighter squadrons of the Air Service, United States Army
1139:
Lt. Charles P. Porter, DSC (2x), CdG, 4 aerial victories
1108:
Lt. Cleveland W. McDermott, DSC, CdG, 3 aerial victories
809:, Garden City, New York, 19 February 1918 – 5 March 1918
1086:
Lt. William E. Brotherton, DSC, CdG, 3 aerial victories
762:
Commanding General, Services of Supply, 5 February 1919
740:
Aviation Concentration Center, 19 February-5 March 1918
1717:
Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
1149:
Lt. Joseph C. Raible Jr., DSC, CdG, 2 aerial victories
1105:
Lt. Arthur H. Jones, DSC, SSC, CdG, 4 aerial victories
759:
1st Air Depot, AEF, 12 December 1918 – 5 February 1919
565:
On 15 August the squadron ferried its Nieuport 28s to
527:
and continued to operate from there. On the 15th, the
1700:
House Armed Services Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
1080:
Lt. Thomas J. Abernathy, DSC, CdG, 3 aerial victories
756:, Air Service, 1st Army, AEF, 1 June-12 December 1918
2567:
Austro-Hungarian Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops
2552:
2454:
2394:
2358:
2179:
2141:
2025:
1860:
1802:
1776:
1745:
1736:
1608:
1158:
Lt. Francis M. Simonds, SSC, CdG 4 aerial victories
750:
2d Air Instructional Center, 25 March-22 April 1918
721:
Post Headquarters, Kelly Field, 10–12 November 1917
473:photographic planes returning from the vicinity of
191:
167:
162:
150:
145:
131:
126:
110:
99:
91:
83:
67:
49:
41:
20:
1695:House Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces
2608:Military units and formations established in 1917
1161:Lt. John H. Stevens, DSC, 1 aerial victory, (KIA)
1152:Lt. George A. S. Robertson, SSC, 1 aerial victory
356:unit which holds its lineage and history is the
1432:Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II
797:(#2), Camp Taliaferro, Texas, 12 November 1917
224:Western Front, France: 29 May-11 November 1918
2336:
1586:
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803:(#1), Camp Taliaferro, Texas 22 December 1917
8:
1368:
1366:
1364:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1133:, DSC (3x), CdG, air ace, 5 aerial victories
493:, the pilots flying down the following day.
1501:
1499:
1497:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1083:Lt. Tyler C. Bronson, CdG, 1 aerial victory
2343:
2329:
2321:
1742:
1593:
1579:
1571:
1258:
1256:
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1248:
1122:Lt. Oscar B. Myers, CdG 2 aerial victories
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1244:
1146:, DSC, CdG, air ace, 5 aerial victories
266:, before transferring to the 147th A.S.
1789:Operational Test and Evaluation Center
1653:Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force
1164:Lt. George C. Waters, 1 aerial victory
1136:Lt. Maxwell O. Parry, 1 aerial victory
208:
17:
1102:Lt. James P. Herron, 1 aerial victory
735:, 12 November 1917 – 19 February 1918
7:
1239:Air Force Historical Research Agency
1092:Lt. Frank S. Ennis, 1 aerial victory
949:2–27 June 1918; 4–11 September 1918
1119:and 4 with the 147th Aero Squadron)
725:Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps
616:On the 2d, Lt Jones brought down a
2542:Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service
2537:Imperial Japanese Army Air Service
2290:Air & Space Forces Association
1707:Senate Committee on Armed Services
976:Champagne-Marne Defensive Campaign
516:scout planes crossing the line at
240:Total Enemy Aircraft Destroyed: 31
14:
765:Eastern Department, 19 March 1919
2577:Bulgarian Army Aeroplane Section
2304:
2303:
2202:Division of Military Aeronautics
1727:
1626:Under Secretary of the Air Force
1233: This article incorporates
1228:
1057:Meuse-Argonne Offensive Campaign
1049:
1018:
987:
968:
523:On 9 July the squadron moved to
414:London and North Western Railway
154:
114:
71:
54:
26:
1218:List of American aero squadrons
1089:Lt. Meredith L. Dowd, DSC (KIA)
485:and still another crashed near
382:proceed to Everman Field (#2),
2514:United States Army Air Service
2489:Canadian Air Force (1918–1920)
2381:Aircraft of the Central Powers
2376:Aircraft of the Entente Powers
2113:Reserve Officer Training Corps
2070:Judge Advocate General's Corps
1712:Senate Subcommittee on Airland
1690:House Armed Services Committee
1171:, DSC (2x), CdG, air ace (KIA)
1061:26 September-11 November 1918
995:Aisne-Marne Offensive Campaign
403:, England. A stop was made at
347:United States Army Air Service
317:United States Army Air Service
78:United States Army Air Service
1:
2261:Women Airforce Service Pilots
1429:Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) .
1026:St. Mihiel Offensive Campaign
807:Aviation Concentration Center
697:147th Aero Squadron (Pursuit)
636:, but was instead awarded an
529:German offensive on the Marne
104:American Expeditionary Forces
2499:Imperial Russian Air Service
923:Combat sectors and campaigns
896:Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome
658:Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome
234:Enemy Aircraft shot down: 28
178:Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5
2562:Imperial German Air Service
1616:Department of the Air Force
1263:AFHRA 17th Weapons Squadron
1189:Distinguished Service Cross
874:, Toul, France, 1 June 1918
538:Distinguished Service Cross
343:1918 Armistice with Germany
237:Enemy Balloons shot down: 3
2624:
2572:Ottoman Aviation Squadrons
1621:Secretary of the Air Force
898:, France, 12 December 1918
892:, France, 1 September 1918
151:147th Aero Squadron Emblem
2298:
1963:
1725:
822:Trans-Atlantic crossing:
791:, Texas, 10 November 1917
542:Croix de guerre with palm
416:train which took them to
211:
25:
2123:Airman Leadership School
1925:Thirteenth Expeditionary
1763:Field Operating Agencies
1268:25 February 2013 at the
839:, England, 14 March 1918
336:First United States Army
319:unit that fought on the
137:Maj. Geoffrey H. Connell
45:11 November 1917–Present
2504:Royal Italian Air Corps
2484:Australian Flying Corps
2472:Royal Naval Air Service
2352:Aviation in World War I
2108:Officer Training School
1602:United States Air Force
872:Croix de Metz Aerodrome
868:, France, 22 April 1918
862:, France, 25 March 1918
852:, France, 23 March 1918
704:17th Squadron (Pursuit)
611:Meuse-Argonne Offensive
569:and exchanged them for
548:Saint Mihiel operations
497:Marne Sector operations
454:Croix de Metz Aerodrome
354:United States Air Force
141:Capt. James A. Meissner
2533:Japanese air services
2151:Awards and decorations
1784:District of Washington
1777:Direct Reporting Units
1235:public domain material
999:18 July-6 August 1918
880:, France, 28 June 1918
562:
509:
460:Toul Sector operations
308:
2463:British air services
2426:Aerial reconnaissance
2194:Aeronautical Division
1169:Wilbert Wallace White
1131:Ralph Ambrose O'Neill
1113:James Armand Meissner
1042:17–25 September 1918
1030:12–16 September 1918
961:29 June-14 July 1918
890:Rembercourt Aerodrome
886:, France, 9 July 1918
575:Rembercourt Aerodrome
555:
506:Ralph Ambrose O'Neill
504:
418:Winchester, Hampshire
392:Garden City, New York
366:Nellis Air Force Base
358:17th Weapons Squadron
306:
293:Wilbert Wallace White
139:Lt. John A. Hambleton
34:Wilbert Wallace White
2065:Aeronautical ratings
1664:Three-star generals
1335:on 27 September 2013
1193:Silver Star Citation
908:Camp Mills, New York
587:St. Mihiel offensive
2518:Greek air services
2359:People and aircraft
1862:Numbered Air Forces
1643:Vice Chief of Staff
1555:on 1 September 2013
958:Aisne-Marne Sector
846:, England, 15 March
814:Hoboken, New Jersey
690:on 10 November 1917
688:147th Aero Squadron
559:The Free Lance–Star
362:USAF Weapons School
313:147th Aero Squadron
21:147th Aero Squadron
2509:Romanian Air Corps
2494:French Air Service
2467:Royal Flying Corps
2436:Flight over Vienna
2220:The U.S. Air Force
2133:Fitness Assessment
2090:Chief of Chaplains
2009:Civilian auxiliary
1758:Air National Guard
1660:Four-star generals
1144:Kenneth Lee Porter
1117:94th Aero Squadron
1097:James Andrew Healy
904:, 5 Feb-8 Mar 1919
842:Romsey Rest Camp,
733:Royal Flying Corps
563:
510:
439:Issoudun Aerodrome
360:, assigned to the
309:
286:Francis M. Simonds
264:94th Aero Squadron
2585:
2584:
2527:Naval Air Service
2421:Bombing of cities
2404:Strategic bombing
2318:
2317:
2103:Air Force Academy
2021:
2020:
1648:Director of Staff
1310:978-0-948817-54-0
1203:
1183:
1182:
1070:Notable personnel
1067:
1066:
1011:7–13 August 1918
919:
918:
878:Touquin Aerodrome
829:, 5–14 March 1918
774:
773:
754:1st Pursuit Group
596:Halberstadt CL.IV
491:Touquin Aerodrome
332:1st Pursuit Group
301:
300:
279:Kenneth L. Porter
267:
257:James A. Meissner
221:1st Pursuit Group
204:
203:
2615:
2522:Army Air Service
2345:
2338:
2331:
2322:
2307:
2306:
2206:Army Air Service
2198:Aviation Section
2013:Civil Air Patrol
1743:
1731:
1730:
1595:
1588:
1581:
1572:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1551:. Archived from
1545:
1539:
1536:
1515:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1492:
1489:
1466:
1465:
1437:
1426:
1420:
1417:
1411:
1408:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1340:
1334:
1328:. Archived from
1327:
1319:
1313:
1302:
1296:
1293:
1282:
1278:
1272:
1260:
1232:
1231:
1201:Killed in Action
1186:
1075:
1053:
1022:
991:
980:15–18 July 1918
972:
927:
884:Saints Aerodrome
783:
731:Attached to the
716:
706:on 14 March 1921
638:Oak Leaf Cluster
525:Saints Aerodrome
288:, 5 (all shared)
274:, 5 (all shared)
272:Ralph A. O'Neill
261:
209:
158:
118:
75:
60:
58:
57:
30:
18:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2617:
2616:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2588:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2554:
2548:
2477:Royal Air Force
2456:
2450:
2396:
2390:
2354:
2349:
2319:
2314:
2294:
2285:Service numbers
2256:National Museum
2214:Army Air Forces
2181:
2175:
2143:
2137:
2095:Chief Scientist
2085:Medical Service
2080:Security Forces
2027:
2017:
2002:Security Forces
1959:
1856:
1798:
1772:
1732:
1728:
1723:
1604:
1599:
1569:
1568:
1558:
1556:
1547:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1518:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1495:
1490:
1469:
1446:
1435:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1348:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1285:
1279:
1275:
1270:Wayback Machine
1261:
1246:
1229:
1226:
1209:
1199:(France); KIA:
1197:Croix de Guerre
1184:
1072:
933:Sector/Campaign
925:
920:
910:, 19 March 1919
866:Epiez Aerodrome
860:Tours Aerodrome
812:Port of Entry,
780:
775:
713:
702:Re-designated:
695:Re-designated:
683:
653:
550:
518:Château-Thierry
499:
462:
450:Epiez Aerodrome
435:Tours Aerodrome
384:Camp Taliaferro
379:
374:
260:
259:, 4 (2 shared)*
223:
207:
184:
180:
176:
140:
138:
133:
119:
55:
53:
37:
12:
11:
5:
2621:
2619:
2611:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2590:
2589:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2558:
2556:
2553:Central Powers
2550:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2539:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2524:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2460:
2458:
2455:Entente Powers
2452:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2431:Fokker Scourge
2428:
2423:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2411:
2400:
2398:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2362:
2360:
2356:
2355:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2325:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2231:Airman's Creed
2228:
2226:Air Force Band
2223:
2216:
2210:Army Air Corps
2191:
2185:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2118:Basic Training
2115:
2110:
2105:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2060:Specialty Code
2057:
2056:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2037:
2031:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2006:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1977:
1976:
1975:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1866:
1864:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1854:
1852:USAFE–AFAFRICA
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1808:
1806:
1804:Major commands
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1749:
1747:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1714:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1697:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1662:
1657:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1638:Chief of Staff
1630:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1612:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1575:
1567:
1566:
1540:
1516:
1507:
1493:
1467:
1444:
1421:
1412:
1346:
1314:
1297:
1283:
1273:
1243:
1242:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1208:
1205:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1120:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1054:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1039:Verdun Sector
1037:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1023:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1000:
997:
992:
984:
983:
981:
978:
973:
965:
964:
962:
959:
956:
953:
952:
950:
947:
944:
941:
940:
937:
934:
931:
924:
921:
917:
916:
912:
911:
905:
899:
893:
887:
881:
875:
869:
863:
855:
854:
853:
847:
840:
833:
832:
831:
830:
817:
816:
810:
804:
798:
795:Benbrook Field
792:
781:
779:
776:
772:
771:
767:
766:
763:
760:
757:
751:
746:
745:
744:
741:
737:
736:
728:
727:
722:
714:
712:
709:
708:
707:
700:
692:
691:
682:
679:
662:Orly Aerodrome
652:
651:Demobilization
649:
634:Medal of Honor
549:
546:
498:
495:
461:
458:
378:
375:
373:
370:
299:
298:
297:
296:
295:, 8 (2 shared)
289:
282:
281:, 5 (4 shared)
275:
268:
253:
252:, 5 (3 shared)
250:James A. Healy
242:
241:
238:
235:
230:
226:
225:
218:
214:
213:
212:Service record
205:
202:
201:
195:
189:
188:
171:
165:
164:
163:Aircraft flown
160:
159:
152:
148:
147:
143:
142:
135:
129:
128:
124:
123:
112:
108:
107:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
69:
65:
64:
51:
47:
46:
43:
39:
38:
31:
23:
22:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2620:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2593:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2551:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2393:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2334:
2332:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2311:
2310:
2301:
2300:
2297:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2270:Air Force Two
2267:
2266:Air Force One
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2140:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2026:Personnel and
2024:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1962:
1956:
1955:Twenty-Second
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1768:Installations
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1735:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1688:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1596:
1591:
1589:
1584:
1582:
1577:
1576:
1573:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1541:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1517:
1511:
1508:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1445:0-405-12194-6
1441:
1434:
1433:
1425:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1331:
1324:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1237:from the
1236:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1076:
1069:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1008:Vesle Sector
1007:
1005:
1004:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
990:
986:
985:
982:
979:
977:
974:
971:
967:
966:
963:
960:
957:
955:
954:
951:
948:
945:
943:
942:
938:
935:
932:
929:
928:
922:
915:
909:
906:
903:
902:Brest, France
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
857:
856:
851:
848:
845:
841:
838:
835:
834:
828:
827:
821:
820:
819:
818:
815:
811:
808:
805:
802:
799:
796:
793:
790:
787:
786:
785:
784:
777:
770:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
748:
747:
742:
739:
738:
734:
730:
729:
726:
723:
720:
719:
718:
717:
710:
705:
701:
698:
694:
693:
689:
686:Organized as
685:
684:
680:
678:
674:
671:
665:
663:
659:
650:
648:
645:
641:
639:
635:
630:
625:
623:
619:
614:
612:
608:
604:
599:
597:
593:
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
560:
554:
547:
545:
543:
539:
535:
530:
526:
521:
519:
515:
507:
503:
496:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
466:
459:
457:
455:
451:
446:
444:
440:
436:
431:
425:
423:
419:
415:
410:
406:
402:
398:
393:
387:
385:
376:
371:
369:
367:
363:
359:
355:
350:
348:
344:
339:
337:
333:
328:
326:
322:
321:Western Front
318:
314:
305:
294:
290:
287:
283:
280:
276:
273:
269:
265:
258:
254:
251:
247:
246:
245:
239:
236:
233:
232:
231:
228:
227:
222:
219:
216:
215:
210:
206:Military unit
199:
196:
194:
190:
187:
183:
179:
175:
172:
170:
166:
161:
157:
153:
149:
144:
136:
130:
125:
122:
117:
113:
109:
105:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
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62:United States
52:
48:
44:
40:
35:
29:
24:
19:
16:
2555:air services
2457:air services
2441:Bloody April
2302:
2280:Thunderbirds
2142:Uniforms and
1794:USAF Academy
1683:2020–present
1557:. Retrieved
1553:the original
1543:
1510:
1431:
1424:
1415:
1337:. Retrieved
1330:the original
1317:
1300:
1276:
1227:
1185:
1177:
946:Toul Sector
913:
825:
768:
703:
696:
687:
675:
666:
654:
646:
642:
640:to his DSC.
629:Fokker D.VII
626:
615:
600:
579:Saint-Mihiel
571:SPAD S.XIIIs
567:Orly Airport
564:
522:
511:
467:
463:
447:
426:
388:
380:
352:The current
351:
340:
329:
312:
310:
244:Air Aces: 6
243:
198:Curtiss JN-4
100:Part of
15:
2397:and battles
2275:Honor Guard
2236:Core Values
2180:History and
1559:1 September
1339:1 September
801:Hicks Field
789:Kelly Field
711:Assignments
699:, June 1918
656:Air Depot,
622:Hannover CL
618:Halberstadt
583:Watronville
514:Pfalz D.III
479:Rhine River
443:Nieuport 28
422:Southampton
409:Nova Scotia
325:World War I
174:Nieuport 28
121:World War I
111:Engagements
2592:Categories
2366:Commanders
2182:traditions
2101:Training:
1945:Nineteenth
1940:Eighteenth
1609:Leadership
1224:References
844:Winchester
399:bound for
397:RMS Cedric
368:, Nevada.
341:After the
217:Operations
182:Airco DH.4
134:commanders
127:Commanders
2395:Campaigns
2386:Zeppelins
2161:Equipment
2144:equipment
2075:RED HORSE
2035:Personnel
1992:Squadrons
1950:Twentieth
1935:Sixteenth
1930:Fifteenth
1738:Structure
1678:2010–2019
1673:2000–2009
1668:1940–1959
1633:Air Staff
837:Liverpool
487:Lunéville
471:Salmson 2
401:Liverpool
229:Victories
186:Spad XIII
2414:Cuxhaven
2309:Category
2251:Memorial
2171:Uniforms
2166:Aircraft
2053:enlisted
2043:officers
2028:training
1915:Eleventh
1746:Commands
1454:70605402
1266:Archived
1207:See also
930:Streamer
850:Le Havre
778:Stations
540:and the
483:Baccarat
430:Le Havre
146:Insignia
87:Squadron
2446:Battles
2189:History
1920:Twelfth
1895:Seventh
1753:Reserve
1195:; CdG:
1191:; SSC:
681:Lineage
603:Argonne
592:Rumpler
405:Halifax
377:Origins
372:History
323:during
193:Trainer
169:Fighter
132:Notable
95:Pursuit
76:
50:Country
2409:German
2246:Symbol
2156:Badges
2048:cadets
1980:Groups
1900:Eighth
1885:Fourth
1875:Second
1460:
1452:
1442:
1308:
1178:
939:Notes
914:
826:Cedric
769:
607:Verdun
534:Fokker
315:was a
255:Capt.
200:, 1917
68:Branch
59:
42:Active
2039:Rank
1968:Wings
1910:Tenth
1905:Ninth
1890:Fifth
1880:Third
1870:First
1847:PACAF
1837:AFSOC
1822:AFGSC
1462:72556
1436:(PDF)
1333:(PDF)
1326:(PDF)
1187:DSC:
1111:Maj.
936:Dates
670:Brest
106:(AEF)
2371:Aces
2241:Flag
2128:SERE
1832:AFRC
1827:AFMC
1817:AETC
1561:2013
1458:OCLC
1450:LCCN
1440:ISBN
1341:2013
1306:ISBN
1281:D.C.
1167:Lt.
1142:Lt.
1129:Lt.
1095:Lt.
824:RMS
605:and
581:and
475:Metz
311:The
291:Lt.
284:Lt.
277:Lt.
270:Lt.
248:Lt.
92:Role
84:Type
32:Lt.
1997:ANG
1985:ANG
1973:ANG
1842:AMC
1812:ACC
2594::
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2011::
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508:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
