283:
127:
1688:
229:
1818:
1637:
1716:
1784:
1676:
1664:
1801:
1767:
1835:
1750:
1733:
360:. In the following scrutiny Adrian received fifteen votes, including all those controlled by Medici. Colonna, the main opponent of Medici and those in his party then declared his support for Adrian, netting him thirteen more votes by accessus, exactly two-thirds. As Adrian was not present, his candidacy did not require two-thirds plus one.
355:
Medici attempted to promote the candidacy of others in his party, but none could gain wide support. Wolsey received eight votes, but his young age deterred other cardinals from supporting him (the
English ambassador tried to convince the College he was over fifty). Medici addressed the conclave on 9
367:
as viceroy to
Charles V. Three cardinals were dispatched to inform him of his election, with a private letter reaching him on 24 January (the cardinals would not arrive until March). In the meantime, rumors of Adrian VI's death spread in Rome and Francis I began to prepare for a new conclave. When
212:
There were thirty-nine cardinal electors, only three of whom were non-Italians (two
Spaniards and one Swiss). Nine non-Italians did not attend (compared to only one Italian), despite the lengthy delay. The lengthy delay was due to the capture of one cardinal on his way to Rome, who was held for
339:
Farnese, supported by Medici and his supporters, received twelve initial votes, all from creations of Leo X. If
Farnese could have secured the votes of Leo X's other cardinals (twenty-eight of the thirty-nine electors), he could easily have been elected. The Roman mob looted his home (as was
248:(future Pope Clement VII) was also acceptable to him. Henry VIII asked Charles V (with whom he was allied) to support Wolsey and send his army to Rome. Even the large bribes of these monarchs were less than the cost of the conclave, and even the
268:, although whether he actually sent the funds to Rome is unclear; in fact, Francis I's agents focused their attention on the pro-French Italian candidates, mainly the three Venetians. Francis I claimed to control the votes of twelve cardinals.
340:
customary for newly elected popes) and his odds increased to 40 to 100, although his votes dropped to four on the second day. After the second ballot, one cardinal pleading ill health was released from the conclave by a two-thirds vote.
343:
The conclave dragged well into 1522, taking only one vote per day; various
Italian ambassadors remained well-informed of the progress throughout. Farnese remained the favorite into the eighth scrutiny, with Medici asking for an
352:". However, two of Farnese's strongest opponents demanded a formal counting of the votes, and it was revealed that Farnese was just short of the required supermajority, after which Farnese was discredited and lost support.
589:
1195:
485:
Pope
Francis. "ADDRESS OF HIS HOLINESS POPE FRANCIS TO MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY OF THE PONTIFICAL TEUTONIC INSTITUTE OF 'SANTA MARIA DELL'ANIMA' OF ROME", 7 April 2022, Libreria Editrice Vaticana
282:
582:
1211:
575:
1807:
1074:
1058:
1491:
1475:
1443:
1427:
1411:
1395:
1523:
1507:
1459:
484:
66:
186:
candidate, was elected as a compromise candidate despite his absence from the conclave. The number of cardinal-electors (thirty-nine) and the length of the
1618:
1608:
1167:
1704:
363:
The crowd did not understand which cardinal had been elected immediately upon announcement, as Adrian was relatively obscure and currently in
1188:
348:
after
Farnese received twelve votes. Farnese received eight or nine additional votes by accessus, and one cardinal even shouted out "
1890:
1865:
1860:
530:
271:
Medici for his part entered the conclave with fifteen or sixteen supporters, but very little chance of securing additional votes.
76:
1875:
356:
January and suggested they turn their attention to candidates not present in the conclave, expressing his willingness to elect
375:
with them to Spain, to ensure that Adrian VI would be forced to travel to Rome, where he arrived on 28 August. Adrian VI said
255:
Charles V eventually threw his support behind Medici rather than Wolsey, although he was opposed by many because he was the
126:
368:
news of his election as Bishop of Rome first reached him, he hesitated, but out of a sense of duty, he ended up accepting.
1160:
1051:
855:
214:
193:
1654:
1360:
1339:
1332:
1255:
1139:
1111:
918:
911:
890:
883:
869:
834:
827:
764:
1484:
1067:
841:
757:
610:
321:
252:
was mortgaged to continue to fund it, and only a very few of the
Italian cardinals would even consider a non-Italian.
1756:
1468:
379:
every day for the year he was pope, in contrast to his two predecessors who may have never celebrated mass at all.
1885:
1880:
1588:
1118:
1870:
1640:
1598:
848:
1824:
1900:
1895:
1204:
1125:
598:
550:(translated from the fourth German edition by A. Hamilton) Volume 8 part 2 (London 1902), pp. 415–430.
1739:
1578:
332:
The conclave began on 28 December, twenty-seven days after the death of Leo X. The cardinals agreed to a
1558:
372:
333:
222:
201:
988:
336:, but Baumgartner calls it "an exercise in futility as always". The balloting began on 30 December.
1692:
1680:
1516:
1500:
1452:
1436:
1420:
1404:
1388:
1381:
1374:
1367:
1353:
1346:
1325:
1318:
1311:
1304:
1297:
1290:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1262:
1248:
1241:
1234:
1227:
1220:
1181:
1174:
1153:
1146:
1132:
1104:
1097:
1083:
1044:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1016:
1009:
1002:
995:
981:
974:
967:
960:
953:
946:
939:
932:
925:
904:
897:
876:
862:
820:
813:
806:
799:
792:
785:
778:
771:
750:
743:
736:
729:
722:
715:
708:
701:
694:
687:
680:
673:
666:
659:
652:
645:
638:
218:
197:
141:
136:
1668:
526:
228:
183:
307:
245:
168:
91:
39:
293:
256:
164:
617:
376:
357:
176:
156:
112:
1854:
1790:
1548:
519:
349:
241:
233:
172:
99:
95:
1773:
188:
43:
225:
began to distribute the large sums that the monarchs had sent to Rome for bribes.
1568:
567:
249:
1663:
286:
262:
Francis I supported the election of a French pope, backed by one million gold
192:
increased the cost of the conclave even in excess of the funds distributed by
160:
1675:
508:
345:
316:
302:
1841:
324:; Medici had the best odds at 25 to 100; Farnese's odds were 20 to 100.
1722:
364:
281:
227:
1609:
De aliquis mutationibus in normis de electione Romani
Pontificis
264:
571:
1698:
244:(for whom he was prepared to spend 100,000 ducats), although
543:(tr. R.F. Kerr) Volume VIII (St. Louis 1908) pp. 31–41.
163:. The conclave was marked by the early candidacies of
1652:
521:
Behind Locked Doors: A History of the Papal
Elections
259:
of Leo X and the College feared a hereditary papacy.
1535:
628:
105:
87:
82:
72:
62:
54:
49:
31:
21:
518:
583:
182:Adrian, the viceroy to Spain and a clear pro-
8:
179:and other cardinals blocked their election.
314:The bookmakers of Rome offered bets on the
590:
576:
568:
564:Volume I (Paris: 1864), pp. 512–526.
67:Francesco Armellini Pantalassi de' Medici
1711:
1659:
387:
240:The preferred choice of Henry VIII was
213:ransom. In the meantime, the agents of
548:The History of Rome in the Middle Ages
510:Sede Vacante and Conclave of 1521-1522
449:
419:
417:
415:
413:
411:
18:
620:(1274–1276, 1294–present)
471:
469:
467:
465:
463:
461:
459:
447:
445:
443:
441:
439:
437:
435:
433:
431:
429:
409:
407:
405:
403:
401:
399:
397:
395:
393:
391:
7:
58:Bernardino López de Carvajal y Sande
562:Histoire diplomatique des conclaves
14:
517:Baumgartner, Frederic J. (2003).
171:) and Alessandro Farnese (future
37:28 December 1521 – 9 January 1522
1833:
1816:
1799:
1782:
1765:
1748:
1731:
1714:
1686:
1674:
1662:
1636:
1635:
125:
306:in the conclave, later elected
560:F. Petruccelli della Gattina,
371:The cardinals did not bring a
1:
599:Papal elections and conclaves
495:Baumgartner, 2003, pp. 97-98.
215:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
204:to promote their candidates.
194:Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
92:Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici
77:Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici
557:(Wien 1880), pp. 66–95.
611:Papal selection before 1059
322:gambling on papal elections
232:Alessandro Farnese (future
113:Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens
1917:
16:Election of Pope Adrian VI
1630:
1589:Romano Pontifici eligendo
605:
555:Papst Adrian VI 1522-1523
475:Baumgartner, 2003, p. 97.
453:Baumgartner, 2003, p. 96.
423:Baumgartner, 2003, p. 95.
167:Giulio de'Medici (future
133:
124:
110:
36:
1891:16th-century Catholicism
1866:1522 in the Papal States
1861:1521 in the Papal States
1701:1521–1522 papal conclave
1599:Universi Dominici gregis
513:. Retrieved: 03/10/2016
553:Constantin von Hoster,
546:Ferdinand Gregorovius,
1876:16th-century elections
1579:Ingravescentem aetatem
525:. Palgrave Macmillan.
320:, an early example of
311:
237:
153:1521–22 papal conclave
1703:at Knowledge (XXG)'s
1559:Aeterni Patris Filius
1168:October–December 1590
334:conclave capitulation
285:
231:
223:Henry VIII of England
202:Henry VIII of England
541:History of the Popes
219:Francis I of France
198:Francis I of France
312:
238:
96:Alessandro Farnese
32:Dates and location
1650:
1649:
358:Adrian of Utrecht
296:Giulio de'Medici
208:Cardinal electors
149:
148:
27:
1908:
1886:1522 in politics
1881:1521 in politics
1846:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1829:
1828:from Wikiversity
1821:
1820:
1819:
1812:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1795:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1778:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1761:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1744:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1727:
1719:
1718:
1717:
1707:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1679:
1678:
1667:
1666:
1658:
1643:
1639:
1638:
1623:
1619:Normas nonnullas
1613:
1603:
1593:
1583:
1573:
1563:
1553:
1526:
1519:
1510:
1503:
1494:
1487:
1478:
1471:
1462:
1455:
1446:
1439:
1430:
1423:
1414:
1407:
1398:
1391:
1384:
1377:
1370:
1363:
1356:
1349:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1314:
1307:
1300:
1293:
1286:
1279:
1272:
1265:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1237:
1230:
1223:
1214:
1207:
1198:
1191:
1189:March–April 1605
1184:
1177:
1170:
1163:
1156:
1149:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1093:
1086:
1077:
1070:
1061:
1054:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1005:
998:
991:
984:
977:
970:
963:
956:
949:
942:
935:
928:
921:
914:
907:
900:
893:
886:
879:
872:
865:
858:
851:
844:
837:
830:
823:
816:
809:
802:
795:
788:
781:
774:
767:
760:
753:
746:
739:
732:
725:
718:
711:
704:
697:
690:
683:
676:
669:
662:
655:
648:
641:
621:
613:
592:
585:
578:
569:
536:
524:
496:
493:
487:
482:
476:
473:
454:
451:
424:
421:
373:fisherman's ring
308:Pope Clement VII
246:Giulio de'Medici
175:), although the
169:Pope Clement VII
129:
40:Apostolic Palace
26:
19:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1871:Papal conclaves
1851:
1850:
1849:
1839:
1834:
1832:
1822:
1817:
1815:
1805:
1800:
1798:
1794:from Wikisource
1788:
1783:
1781:
1771:
1766:
1764:
1754:
1749:
1747:
1737:
1732:
1730:
1726:from Wiktionary
1720:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1706:sister projects
1705:
1697:
1687:
1685:
1673:
1661:
1653:
1651:
1646:
1634:
1626:
1616:
1606:
1596:
1586:
1576:
1566:
1556:
1546:
1539:
1537:
1531:
1522:
1515:
1506:
1499:
1490:
1483:
1474:
1467:
1458:
1451:
1442:
1435:
1426:
1419:
1410:
1403:
1394:
1387:
1380:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1247:
1240:
1233:
1226:
1219:
1210:
1203:
1194:
1187:
1180:
1173:
1166:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1117:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1073:
1066:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1015:
1008:
1001:
994:
987:
980:
973:
966:
959:
952:
945:
938:
931:
924:
917:
910:
903:
896:
889:
882:
875:
868:
861:
854:
847:
840:
833:
826:
819:
812:
805:
798:
791:
784:
777:
770:
763:
756:
749:
742:
735:
728:
721:
714:
707:
700:
693:
686:
679:
672:
665:
658:
651:
644:
637:
630:
624:
616:
609:
601:
596:
539:Ludwig Pastor,
533:
516:
504:
499:
494:
490:
483:
479:
474:
457:
452:
427:
422:
389:
385:
330:
294:cardinal-nephew
280:
210:
165:cardinal-nephew
145:
139:
116:
38:
25:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1914:
1912:
1904:
1903:
1901:1522 in Europe
1898:
1896:1521 in Europe
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1847:
1830:
1813:
1811:from Wikibooks
1796:
1779:
1777:from Wikiquote
1762:
1745:
1728:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1683:
1671:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1614:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1574:
1564:
1554:
1543:
1541:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1497:
1496:
1495:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1465:
1464:
1463:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1417:
1416:
1415:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1385:
1378:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1343:
1336:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1294:
1287:
1280:
1273:
1266:
1259:
1252:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1185:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1161:September 1590
1157:
1150:
1143:
1136:
1129:
1122:
1115:
1108:
1101:
1094:
1087:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1052:September 1503
1048:
1041:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1013:
1006:
999:
992:
985:
978:
971:
964:
957:
950:
943:
936:
929:
922:
915:
908:
901:
894:
887:
880:
873:
866:
859:
856:September 1276
852:
845:
838:
831:
824:
817:
810:
803:
796:
789:
782:
775:
768:
761:
754:
747:
740:
733:
726:
719:
712:
705:
698:
691:
684:
677:
670:
663:
656:
649:
642:
634:
632:
626:
625:
623:
622:
618:Papal conclave
614:
606:
603:
602:
597:
595:
594:
587:
580:
572:
566:
565:
558:
551:
544:
537:
531:
514:
503:
500:
498:
497:
488:
477:
455:
425:
386:
384:
381:
350:Papam Habemus!
329:
326:
279:
273:
209:
206:
157:Pope Adrian VI
147:
146:
140:
134:
131:
130:
122:
121:
108:
107:
103:
102:
89:
85:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
56:
52:
51:
47:
46:
34:
33:
29:
28:
22:Papal conclave
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1913:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1845:from Wikidata
1844:
1843:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1763:
1760:from Wikinews
1759:
1758:
1746:
1742:
1741:
1729:
1725:
1724:
1712:
1708:
1702:
1694:
1684:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1656:
1642:
1633:
1632:
1629:
1621:
1620:
1615:
1611:
1610:
1605:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1591:
1590:
1585:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1551:
1550:
1549:Ubi periculum
1545:
1544:
1542:
1534:
1525:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1502:
1498:
1493:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1429:
1425:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1383:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1362:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1162:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1127:
1123:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1000:
997:
993:
990:
986:
983:
979:
976:
972:
969:
965:
962:
958:
955:
951:
948:
944:
941:
937:
934:
930:
927:
923:
920:
916:
913:
909:
906:
902:
899:
895:
892:
888:
885:
881:
878:
874:
871:
867:
864:
860:
857:
853:
850:
846:
843:
839:
836:
832:
829:
825:
822:
818:
815:
811:
808:
804:
801:
797:
794:
790:
787:
783:
780:
776:
773:
769:
766:
765:December 1187
762:
759:
755:
752:
748:
745:
741:
738:
734:
731:
727:
724:
720:
717:
713:
710:
706:
703:
699:
696:
692:
689:
685:
682:
678:
675:
671:
668:
664:
661:
657:
654:
650:
647:
643:
640:
636:
635:
633:
629:Elections and
627:
619:
615:
612:
608:
607:
604:
600:
593:
588:
586:
581:
579:
574:
573:
570:
563:
559:
556:
552:
549:
545:
542:
538:
534:
532:0-312-29463-8
528:
523:
522:
515:
512:
511:
507:J. P. Adams,
506:
505:
501:
492:
489:
486:
481:
478:
472:
470:
468:
466:
464:
462:
460:
456:
450:
448:
446:
444:
442:
440:
438:
436:
434:
432:
430:
426:
420:
418:
416:
414:
412:
410:
408:
406:
404:
402:
400:
398:
396:
394:
392:
388:
382:
380:
378:
374:
369:
366:
361:
359:
353:
351:
347:
341:
337:
335:
327:
325:
323:
319:
318:
309:
305:
304:
299:
295:
291:
288:
284:
278:
274:
272:
269:
267:
266:
260:
258:
253:
251:
247:
243:
242:Thomas Wolsey
235:
234:Pope Paul III
230:
226:
224:
220:
216:
207:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
190:
185:
180:
178:
174:
173:Pope Paul III
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
143:
138:
132:
128:
123:
120:
115:
114:
109:
104:
101:
100:Thomas Wolsey
97:
93:
90:
86:
81:
78:
75:
71:
68:
65:
61:
57:
53:
50:Key officials
48:
45:
41:
35:
30:
20:
1840:
1823:
1806:
1789:
1772:
1755:
1743:from Commons
1738:
1721:
1700:
1693:Vatican City
1681:Christianity
1617:
1607:
1597:
1587:
1577:
1567:
1557:
1547:
1485:October 1978
1090:
1068:October 1503
842:January 1276
758:October 1187
561:
554:
547:
540:
520:
509:
491:
480:
370:
362:
354:
342:
338:
331:
315:
313:
301:
300:, a leading
297:
289:
276:
270:
263:
261:
254:
239:
211:
189:sede vacante
187:
181:
152:
150:
118:
117:Name taken:
111:
106:Elected pope
44:Papal States
1723:Definitions
1669:Catholicism
1569:Cum proxime
1469:August 1978
328:Proceedings
250:papal tiara
159:to succeed
73:Protodeacon
1855:Categories
1774:Quotations
1540:(selected)
1119:April 1555
502:References
287:Pope Leo X
161:Pope Leo X
88:Candidates
63:Camerlengo
1825:Resources
1808:Textbooks
1538:documents
1536:Governing
1361:1830–1831
1340:1799–1800
1333:1774–1775
1256:1669–1670
1140:1565–1566
1112:1549–1550
1091:1521–1522
919:1314–1316
912:1304–1305
891:1292–1294
884:1287–1288
870:1280–1281
849:July 1276
835:1268–1271
828:1264–1265
631:conclaves
292:with his
119:Adrian VI
1641:Category
1524:electors
1508:electors
1492:electors
1476:electors
1460:electors
1444:electors
1428:electors
1412:electors
1396:electors
1212:electors
1205:May 1605
1196:electors
1126:May 1555
1075:electors
1059:electors
346:accessus
317:papabile
303:papabile
290:(center)
277:papabile
184:Imperial
155:elected
83:Election
1655:Portals
177:Colonna
144: →
135:←
24:1521–22
1622:(2013)
1612:(2007)
1602:(1996)
1592:(1975)
1582:(1970)
1572:(1922)
1562:(1621)
1552:(1274)
529:
298:(left)
257:cousin
221:, and
200:, and
1791:Texts
1740:Media
383:Notes
365:Spain
1842:Data
1757:News
1517:2013
1501:2005
1453:1963
1437:1958
1421:1939
1405:1922
1389:1914
1382:1903
1375:1878
1368:1846
1354:1829
1347:1823
1326:1769
1319:1758
1312:1740
1305:1730
1298:1724
1291:1721
1284:1700
1277:1691
1270:1689
1263:1676
1249:1667
1242:1655
1235:1644
1228:1623
1221:1621
1182:1592
1175:1591
1154:1585
1147:1572
1133:1559
1105:1534
1098:1523
1084:1513
1045:1492
1038:1484
1031:1471
1024:1464
1017:1458
1010:1455
1003:1447
996:1431
989:1417
982:1406
975:1404
968:1389
961:1378
954:1370
947:1362
940:1352
933:1342
926:1334
905:1303
898:1294
877:1285
863:1277
821:1261
814:1254
807:1243
800:1241
793:1227
786:1216
779:1198
772:1191
751:1185
744:1181
737:1159
730:1154
723:1153
716:1145
709:1144
702:1143
695:1130
688:1124
681:1119
674:1118
667:1099
660:1088
653:1086
646:1073
639:1061
527:ISBN
377:mass
275:The
265:ecus
151:The
142:1523
137:1513
55:Dean
1857::
458:^
428:^
390:^
217:,
196:,
98:,
94:,
42:,
1709::
1657::
591:e
584:t
577:v
535:.
310:.
236:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
