31:
218:
331:
A specific mention of a later model of the 15 cm MRK L/22 might shed some light on the weight of the early model. At the 1880 Gewerbe-Ausstellung zu Düsseldorf, Krupp exhibited a 15 cm MRK L/22 on
Halbrahmenlafette which was quite different from the 1877 model. One should note that this was
298:
the weight was listed as 3,500 kg. Von Müller stated that it was still under construction, making the weight a bit uncertain. Other, later sources have the same data. However, as there was also a later model of the gun see below, it is not certain that the weight also applied to the earlier gun.
297:
According to Müller, the 'kurzes 15 cm Mantel Ring Rohr' was 3,270 mm long. It had a caliber of 149.1 mm in the lands and 152.2 mm in the grooves. As usual for the navy guns of the time, it had 36 parallel grooves with a moderate twist length of 45 calibers. Contrary to the above,
233:
The 1873 changes consisted of drawing in an inner tube to make the gun suitable for the projectiles and charges of the short 15 cm RK, and to change the twist rate to 65 calibers and use a simple breech instead of the
Doppelkeil Verschluss. As the inner tube was pre-pressured by the rest of the
306:
The 15 cm MRK L/22 fired two projectiles. The
Hartguss Granate C/76 was 2.5 calibers long and weighed 34.5 kg. It was fired with a charge of 6.5 kg of PP C/68 gunpowder at a velocity of 446 m/s. It also fired the regular Granate C/76. This was also 2.5 calibers long, but weighed
279:
With the weight of 3,200 kg in mind, the sense of the
Admiralty's order becomes clear. It wanted a gun of the same power as the 15 cm RK L/22, but more suitable to the cramped conditions on board smaller vessels. Indeed, when the guns were tested alongside each other, it proved that with
225:
By the mid-1870s, the German Navy had several models of 15 cm guns. The oldest that was still effective, was the 15 cm MK L/22. 'MK' stands for Mantel Kanone. It was basically a c/64 massive cast steel gun which had been changed in 1873. There were two types of massive 15 cm rifled
322:
The only carriage that was mentioned specifically as meant for the 15 cm MRK L/22 was the '15 cm
Halbrahmenlafette C/77 für kurze Ring- und Mantel-Ringkanonen. This carriage weighed 1,909 kg, had a firing height of 860 mm, and could elevate to 14 degrees and decline to 4.5
275:
The 15 cm MK L/22 weighed 3,200 kg including breech block. Its total length was 3,257 mm, shorter than the 3,270 mm of the Ring Kanone, but still L/22. (Von Müller's overview of gun barrels has a 'kurzes 15 cm Mantel Ring Rohr' of 3,270 mm length, and a shorter
255:
The Mantel Ring Kanone (MRK) construction combined Mantel and Ringe, and was therefore known in
English as jacketed and hooped. Compared to the RK construction, the MRK construction increased the maximum explosive gas pressure that the barrel could withstand by about 25%.
335:
The 1880 Düsseldorf gun weighed 3,500 kg, was 3,270 mm long, and had a caliber of 149.1 mm. It had 24 grooves. The gun was mounted on a
Halbrahmenlafette of 1,860 kg. The cariage allowed 14 degrees eolevation and 4.5 degrees declination.
339:
The data of this Düsseldorf gun are interesting, because they mention the gun firing with 8 kg of gunpowder. This is kind of logical for a gun of the same dimensions as the 15 cm RK L/22. It also fired heavier projectiles. These were:
267:
The order was a peculiar one. Unlike contemporary guns, it was to be short and have a relatively low charge of 6.5 kg. This had to result in a velocity comparable to that of the aptirte 15 cm RK (the adapted
314:
firing the same projectiles with a charge of 7.75 kg of PP C/68. The results of these guns were significantly better than those of the older navy guns that used lead driving bands.
769:
264:
Krupp made its first Mantel Ring Kanone in 1875. In Summer 1877, the German
Admiralty then ordered a short 15 cm Mantel Ring Kanone at Krupp.
698:"Zusammenstellung der in der Marine-Artllerie vorhandenen gezogenen und glatten Geschüssrohre in Bezug auf Bennenung un Schreibweise"
252:
was more modern. RK stands for Ring Kanone, which means that the main barrel was pre-pressured by Ringe, known as hoops in
English.
276:'15 cm Mantel Ring Rohr' of 3,257 mm length. The latter is obviously the 3,257 mm long '15 cm Mantel Rohr'.
30:
764:
284:. Another measure to save weight and space was the simultaneous development of the Halbrahmen Lafette (half-slide carriage).
307:
29.5 kg. It was also fired with a charge of 6.5 kg of PP C/68 gunpowder and attained a velocity of 474 m/s.
226:
cast steel breechloaders: the army's gezogener
Gussstahl 24pfdr. c/64 and the gezogener Gussstahl 24 pfdr. der Marine, 61
332:
a Krupp gun, not a German army or navy gun. Its exhibition did not mean that the German armed forces had bought it.
774:
732:"Uebersicht über die Erfindungen und Entdeckungen auf militär-technischem und -chemischem Gebiete. 1874-98"
359:
In 1885, the 15 cm MRK L/22 was renamed to simply 15 cm Kanone L/22, abbreviated 15 cm K. L/22
310:
These velocities were indeed the same as those of the 15 cm Ring Kanone or Mantel Kanone with copper
272:) with 7.75 kg charge. Otherwise, the dimensions should be that of the older 15 cm MK L/22.
200:
with a Krupp cylindroprismatic sliding breech. It was designed as a Mantel Ring Kanone version of the
194:
281:
165:
240:
or in English 'jacket', this led to a stronger gun barrel. Hence the name Mantel Kanone.
679:
Entwicklung der Kanonen-Fabrikation in der Gussstahl-Fabrik von Friedrich Krupp in Essen
217:
758:
269:
249:
201:
44:
311:
197:
155:
736:
v. Löbell's Jahresberichte über die Veränderungen und Fortschritte im Militürwesen
743:
731:
720:
710:
697:
687:
677:
665:
652:
640:
628:
712:
Die Entwickelung der preußischen Küsten- und Schiffs-Artillerie von 1860-1878
629:"Äussere Abmessungen und Gewichte der Deutschen Schiffs- und Küstengeschütze"
193:
was a 15 cm 22 caliber long Krupp Mantel Ring Kanone (MRK). It was a
227:
145:
62:
653:"Die Krupp'sche Ausstellung auf der Gewerbe-Ausstellung zu Düsseldorf"
543:
541:
666:"Die drei Hauptentwicklungs-Stadien der Deutschen Marine_artillerie"
216:
77:
409:
407:
633:
Mitteilungen über Gegenstände des Artillerie- und Geniewesens
750:. Union Deutsche Verlags Gesellschaft. 1898. pp. 98–99.
584:
582:
580:
480:
478:
476:
451:
449:
382:
380:
378:
424:
422:
704:. Kaiserlichen Admiralität, Berlin. 1885. pp. 39–44.
672:. Vol. LV. Richard Welhilmi, Berlin. pp. 59–77.
280:
their recommended full charge, they could use the same
600:
559:
440:
722:
Die Schiffs- und Küstengeschütze der deutschen Marine
647:. Kriegs Ministerium, Berlin. 1871. pp. 194–197.
641:"Kaliber Bezeichnung der Geschutze nach der Metermas"
174:
164:
154:
144:
131:
123:
118:
107:
99:
91:
83:
73:
68:
58:
53:
37:
21:
508:
496:
635:. R. von Waldheim, Wien. 1886. pp. 10–19.
366:got got 17 15 cm Mantel Ring Kanonen in 1879.
8:
670:Jahrbücher für die deutsche Armee und Marine
520:
350:A regular cast iron grenade of 31.5 kg.
235:
571:
547:
532:
770:Military equipment introduced in the 1870s
588:
484:
455:
428:
413:
386:
18:
689:Manual of Gunnery for Her Majesty's Fleet
682:, Fried.-Krupp-Aktiengesellschaft, 1875
374:
612:
467:
398:
347:A hardened iron grenade of 39 kg
7:
244:Ring Kanone and Mantel Ring Kanone
14:
725:, Mittler und Sohn, Berlin, 1876
175:Effective firing range
29:
744:"Die alte und die neue Vineta"
108:
1:
221:Hooped vs jacketed and hooped
191:15 cm Mantel Ring Kanone L/22
709:Von Müller, Hermann (1879),
344:A 38.5 kg steel grenade
213:The 15 cm Mantel Kanone L/22
181:soft targets: 5,000 m
601:Marineverordnungsblatt 1885
560:Marineverordnungsblatt 1885
441:Armee Verordnungsblatt 1871
791:
715:, Robert Oppenheim, Berlin
362:The Arcona class corvette
139:
38:Place of origin
28:
509:Schiffs und Küsten 1876
497:Schiffs und Küsten 1876
702:Marineverordnungsblatt
645:Armee Verordnungsblatt
574:, p. Notizen, 14.
550:, p. Notizen, 17.
535:, p. Notizen, 11.
236:
222:
156:Rate of fire
765:Naval guns of Germany
664:Von Holleben (1885).
220:
195:rifled breech loader
179:armor: 2,000 m
166:Muzzle velocity
738:. pp. 869–890.
730:Schott, J. (1899).
659:. 14 December 1862.
416:, p. 264, 289.
223:
69:Production history
748:Vom Fels zum Meer
692:, Admiralty, 1880
521:Von Holleben 1885
234:barrel, known as
187:
186:
782:
775:Krupp naval guns
751:
739:
726:
716:
705:
693:
683:
673:
660:
648:
636:
616:
610:
604:
598:
592:
586:
575:
572:Abmessungen 1886
569:
563:
557:
551:
548:Abmessungen 1886
545:
536:
533:Abmessungen 1886
530:
524:
518:
512:
506:
500:
494:
488:
482:
471:
465:
459:
453:
444:
438:
432:
426:
417:
411:
402:
396:
390:
384:
239:
160:1 shot / minute
110:
33:
24:
19:
790:
789:
785:
784:
783:
781:
780:
779:
755:
754:
742:
729:
719:
708:
696:
686:
676:
663:
657:Militär-Zeitung
651:
639:
627:
624:
619:
611:
607:
599:
595:
589:Düsseldorf 1880
587:
578:
570:
566:
558:
554:
546:
539:
531:
527:
519:
515:
507:
503:
495:
491:
485:Von Müller 1879
483:
474:
466:
462:
456:Von Müller 1879
454:
447:
439:
435:
429:Von Müller 1879
427:
420:
414:Von Müller 1879
412:
405:
397:
393:
387:Von Müller 1879
385:
376:
372:
357:
329:
320:
304:
295:
290:
288:Characteristics
282:ballistic table
262:
246:
215:
210:
183:
140:
54:Service history
49:
23:15 cm MRK L/22
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
788:
786:
778:
777:
772:
767:
757:
756:
753:
752:
740:
727:
717:
706:
694:
684:
674:
661:
649:
637:
623:
620:
618:
617:
605:
593:
591:, p. 388.
576:
564:
552:
537:
525:
513:
501:
489:
487:, p. 264.
472:
460:
458:, p. 259.
445:
443:, p. 195.
433:
418:
403:
401:, p. 873.
391:
389:, p. 288.
373:
371:
368:
356:
353:
352:
351:
348:
345:
328:
325:
319:
316:
303:
300:
294:
291:
289:
286:
261:
258:
245:
242:
214:
211:
209:
206:
185:
184:
178:
176:
172:
171:
168:
162:
161:
158:
152:
151:
148:
142:
141:
137:
136:
133:
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
119:Specifications
116:
115:
112:
105:
104:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
66:
65:
60:
56:
55:
51:
50:
48:
47:
41:
39:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
787:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
762:
760:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
728:
724:
723:
718:
714:
713:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
690:
685:
681:
680:
675:
671:
667:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
625:
621:
615:, p. 99.
614:
609:
606:
602:
597:
594:
590:
585:
583:
581:
577:
573:
568:
565:
562:, p. 28.
561:
556:
553:
549:
544:
542:
538:
534:
529:
526:
523:, p. 67.
522:
517:
514:
511:, p. 19.
510:
505:
502:
499:, p. 36.
498:
493:
490:
486:
481:
479:
477:
473:
470:, p. 49.
469:
464:
461:
457:
452:
450:
446:
442:
437:
434:
431:, p. 96.
430:
425:
423:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
400:
395:
392:
388:
383:
381:
379:
375:
369:
367:
365:
360:
354:
349:
346:
343:
342:
341:
337:
333:
327:A later model
326:
324:
317:
315:
313:
312:driving bands
308:
301:
299:
292:
287:
285:
283:
277:
273:
271:
270:15 cm RK L/22
265:
259:
257:
253:
251:
250:15 cm RK L/22
243:
241:
238:
231:
229:
219:
212:
207:
205:
203:
202:15 cm RK L/22
199:
196:
192:
182:
177:
173:
169:
167:
163:
159:
157:
153:
150:149.1 mm
149:
147:
143:
138:
135:3,270 mm
134:
130:
127:3,500 kg
126:
122:
117:
113:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
79:
76:
72:
67:
64:
61:
57:
52:
46:
45:German Empire
43:
42:
40:
36:
32:
27:
20:
747:
735:
721:
711:
701:
688:
678:
669:
656:
644:
632:
608:
603:, p. 2.
596:
567:
555:
528:
516:
504:
492:
463:
436:
394:
363:
361:
358:
338:
334:
330:
321:
309:
305:
296:
278:
274:
266:
263:
254:
247:
232:
224:
198:built-up gun
190:
188:
180:
170:474 m/s
92:Manufacturer
59:Used by
613:Vineta 1898
468:Manual 1880
399:Schott 1899
302:Projectiles
260:Development
111: built
759:Categories
622:References
323:degrees.
318:Carriages
100:Produced
84:Designed
74:Designer
228:Zentner
208:Context
146:Caliber
63:Germany
364:Vineta
293:Barrel
237:Mantel
132:Length
16:Weapon
370:Notes
95:Krupp
78:Krupp
248:The
189:The
124:Mass
103:1877
87:1877
355:Use
109:No.
761::
746:.
734:.
700:.
668:.
655:.
643:.
631:.
579:^
540:^
475:^
448:^
421:^
406:^
377:^
230:.
204:.
114:?
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