301:
42:
308:
Three-deckers used 36-pounders on their lower decks and 24-pounders on their second deck. Until 1803, the third deck was equipped with 12-pounder guns, as a heavier gun would have destabilised the ship; after this date, however, Sané introduced design improvements that allowed installation of
483:
265:
would carry thirty 18-pounders; this lighter secondary battery added firepower to the ship without raising the centre of gravity too much. In rough weather, vessels often could not use their main battery lest water enter through the
322:
After introduction of rifled artillery in the middle 19th century, long 18-pounders were converted into so-called "14 cm n° 1 rifled muzzle-loaders Model 1864", by etching grooves on the inside of the barrel.
342:, of 90 to 98 guns; the 90-gun vessels carried thirty 18-pounders on their middle deck, while the 98-gun vessels carried a total of sixty 18-pounders, distributed over both the second and the third deck.
777:
603:
183:
was consistent with both the French and the
British calibre systems, it was used in many European navies between the 17th and the 19th century. It was a heavy calibre for early
770:
596:
201:
used the 18-pounder in three capacities: as the main gun on frigates, as the battery on the upper gundeck of two-deckers, and lastly on the top deck of three-deckers.
280:
in stormy weather, leading to her destruction at the hand of two
British frigates that would normally not have been a match for her; in the opposite case, during the
315:; later 120-gun ships of the line used the same arrangement; these ships carried thirty-four 18-pounders. During the First French Empire, 18-pounders would also arm
398:(3,000 lb; 1,360 kg); the Royal Navy's long 18-pounder was 9 ft (2.7 m) long and weighed 42 long cwt (4,700 lb; 2,100 kg).
763:
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used her main batteries but became unmanageable and sank after taking in water from her lower gun-ports, whose covers had been ripped off in a collision with
271:
793:
613:
149:
575:
557:
380:
with the 18-pounder long guns that the
British Royal Navy used. The medium 18-pounder was 6 ft (1.8 m) long, and weighed
369:
363:
928:
354:
285:
251:
453:
192:
310:
933:
277:
213:
523:
The Naval
History of Great Britain: From the Declaration of War by France In 1793 to the Accession of George IV
232:
47:
304:
Re-enactors dressed in
American uniforms "load" an 18-pounder cannon at Yorktown National Park, United States
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900:
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729:
690:
680:
316:
281:
705:
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905:
664:
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257:
On two-deckers, the 18-pounder was mounted on the upper deck as secondary artillery, to complement the
823:
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724:
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639:
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258:
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224:
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109:
231:, from 1779, the 18-pounder gradually became the standard calibre for frigates, starting with the
864:
654:
350:
122:
300:
428:
755:
571:
553:
527:
188:
184:
164:
581:
250:, 24-pounder frigates began supplanting the 18-pounder frigates. Frigates built after the
521:
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carried thirty-four 18-pounders on their third deck and 24-pounders on the middle deck.
922:
395:
360:
270:, and the secondary battery then became the vessel's main armament; for example, the
17:
339:
331:
198:
153:
242:, carrying 26, and later 28 main guns, complemented with smaller pieces on the
343:
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102:
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59:
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was effectively reduced to the firepower of a frigate when she fought the
267:
209:
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180:
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133:
262:
223:, were equipped with it; at the time, a typical frigate would carry
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82:
France, Spain, Great
Britain, Netherlands, Sweden, United States
759:
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254:
used a different artillery system, one involving 30-pounders.
41:
246:. Around 130 of these frigates were built. At the end of the
238:. These frigates were built on standard patterns designed by
838:
Old guns of the 1786 system fitted with flintlock primers
568:
L'artillerie et les fonderies de la marine sous Louis XIV
330:
used the 18-pounder on frigates, which carried 28 guns.
550:
L'Artillerie de mer : marine française 1650-1850
873:
837:
801:
714:
673:
627:
334:ships carried 26 on their secondary batteries, and
132:
121:
101:
91:
86:
78:
73:
65:
55:
32:
156:. They were used as main guns on the most typical
160:of the early 19th century, on the second deck of
338:carried 28. Unlike the French, the British used
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8:
520:James, William; Chamier, Frederick (1837).
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29:
197:in 1636. From the late 18th century, the
411:
219:frigates, originally designed to carry
46:Firing of an 18-pounder. Engraving by
167:, and even on the third deck of late
148:was an intermediary calibre piece of
7:
261:main artillery on the lower deck. A
208:began carrying the 18-pounder under
570:, Paris, Economica, 1995, 213 p. (
25:
560:) (notice BNF no FRBNF355550752).
309:18-pounders on the third deck of
187:, arming, for instance, the main
507:James (1837), Vol. 4, pp.239-44.
40:
552:, Paris, Ă©ditions Ancre, 1992 (
548:Jean Boudriot et Hubert Berti,
1:
418:French naval regulation, 1786
370:naval historian William James
353:in which the French frigate
454:"la marine de Napoléon III"
152:mounted on warships of the
950:
526:. London, UK: R. Bentley.
349:In his discussion of the
278:action of 13 January 1797
116:
66:Place of origin
39:
402:Citations and references
874:Carronades and mortars
374:18-pounder medium guns
305:
282:Glorious First of June
368:on 11 June 1805, the
319:for coastal defence.
303:
108:2.572 metres (18.544
48:Louis-Philippe Crépin
929:Naval guns of France
901:12-pounder Carronade
896:18-pounder Carronade
891:24-pounder Carronade
886:30-pounder Carronade
881:36-pounder Carronade
745:12-pounder carronade
740:18-pounder carronade
735:24-pounder carronade
730:36-pounder carronade
725:Obusier de vaisseau
34:18-pounder long gun
18:18-pounder long guns
317:Type 1 Model Towers
252:Bourbon Restoration
248:First French Empire
171:ships of the line.
146:18-pounder long gun
906:32 cm naval mortar
484:"Google Translate"
351:single-ship action
306:
179:As the 18-pounder
914:
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753:
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287:Vengeur du Peuple
273:Droits de l'Homme
240:Jacques-Noël Sané
185:ships of the line
165:ships of the line
142:
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16:(Redirected from
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934:138 mm artillery
829:Short 12-pounder
824:Short 18-pounder
819:Short 24-pounder
814:Short 30-pounder
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809:Long 30-pounder
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464:on 4 March 2016
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378:Warren Hastings
365:Warren Hastings
212:, when the two
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150:naval artillery
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74:Service history
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715:Howitzers and
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540:External links
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97:365 kg (mount)
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87:Specifications
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396:long cwt
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372:compared the
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361:East Indiaman
359:captured the
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566:Jean Peter,
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491:. Retrieved
487:
478:
466:. Retrieved
462:the original
457:
448:
436:. Retrieved
433:herodote.net
432:
423:
414:
377:
364:
355:
348:
340:second rates
325:
321:
311:
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293:
286:
272:
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233:
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203:
193:
178:
145:
143:
105: length
79:Used by
564:(in French)
546:(in French)
356:Piémontaise
344:First rates
336:third rates
332:Fourth-rate
225:12-pounders
221:24-pounders
215:Pourvoyeuse
199:French Navy
154:Age of Sail
923:Categories
860:12-pounder
855:18-pounder
850:24-pounder
845:36-pounder
717:Carronades
691:12-pounder
686:18-pounder
681:24-pounder
674:Short guns
650:12-pounder
645:18-pounder
640:24-pounder
635:36-pounder
616:of 1786 —
514:References
488:google.com
328:Royal Navy
259:36-pounder
244:forecastle
169:first-rate
162:third-rate
865:8-pounder
792:— French
706:4-pounder
701:6-pounder
696:8-pounder
665:4-pounder
660:6-pounder
655:8-pounder
628:Long guns
532:656581450
407:Citations
294:Brunswick
292:HMS
268:gun-ports
229:Louis XVI
189:batteries
95:2,060 kg
60:naval gun
27:Naval gun
802:New guns
789:previous
312:Impérial
227:. Under
210:Louis XV
206:frigates
194:Couronne
158:frigates
138:138.7 mm
110:calibres
796:of 1840
787:«
621: »
612:French
493:26 July
468:26 July
458:free.fr
438:26 July
389:⁄
204:French
181:calibre
134:Calibre
574:
556:
530:
394:
263:74-gun
217:-class
128:8.8 kg
125:weight
103:Barrel
69:France
236:class
175:Usage
123:Shell
619:next
572:ISBN
554:ISBN
528:OCLC
495:2015
470:2015
440:2015
326:The
234:Hébé
144:The
92:Mass
56:Type
376:on
191:of
925::
578:).
486:.
456:.
431:.
382:26
297:.
284:,
779:e
772:t
765:v
605:e
598:t
591:v
534:.
497:.
472:.
442:.
391:4
387:3
384:+
112:)
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
