Knowledge (XXG)

1856 in science

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Explorations and Adventures in Equatorial Africa, with Accounts of the Manners and Customs of the People, and of the Chace of the Gorilla, Crocodile, and other Animals
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demonstrates the tendency of rising and rotating warm air to pull in air from more southerly, warmer regions and transport it poleward.
992: 1479: 1435: 1294: 368: 361: 1595: 1171: 350: 1504: 402: 334: 792: 629: 1600: 625: 395: 36: 1590: 161: 51: 30: 1010: 902: 807: 956: 763: 663: 288: 585: 375: 199: 1225: 1423: 871: 541: 527: 302: 184: 1065: 862: 689: 251: 179: 1520: 1401: 1028: 472: 355: 189: 1500: 1475: 1431: 1426:(2004). "Tyrannosauroidea". In Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska, Halszka (eds.). 1380: 1311: 1290: 947: 944: 697: 603: 382: 1123: 800: 770: 671: 558: 1471: 1204: 1200: 1190: 1175: 1160: 1145: 1127: 1109: 1105: 1095: 1091: 1069: 1047: 1032: 1014: 996: 978: 960: 940: 923: 906: 888: 867: 832: 722: 637: 495: 482: 236: 231: 158: 153: 148: 143: 138: 133: 128: 122: 117: 112: 100: 95: 90: 84: 79: 74: 69: 64: 59: 54: 1282: 1179: 1138: 1131: 1113: 1036: 1018: 884: 749: 704: 644:, 210 km (130 miles) to the south, and designates the two most prominent peaks as 641: 515: 1584: 1156: 1076: 1043: 1003: 930: 919: 575: 565: 505: 211: 194: 974: 936: 895: 858: 838: 796: 718: 675: 667: 611: 464: 1559: 1350: 1186: 745: 443: 174: 1164: 1087: 967: 645: 468: 447: 430: 692:'s paper on "Circumstances affecting the heat of the sun's rays" read at the 1545: 1149: 1134: 1061: 927: 910: 845: 821: 811: 607: 579: 569: 523: 1098: 1080: 985: 964: 825: 817: 730: 725: 552: 509: 478: 1430:(2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 114. 1116: 1021: 892: 545: 499: 451: 425: 1263:
Petrunkevitch, Alexander (1920). "Russia's Contribution to Science".
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Inventing the 19th Century: the great age of Victorian inventions
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Mauve: How One Man Invented a Colour that Changed the World
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having completed a 2-year transcontinental journey across
1402:"An essay on the winds and the currents of the Oceans" 1265:
Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Sciences
1230:
The Smithsonian Institution's Human Origins Program
1050:), English physicist and Nobel laureate in physics. 828:, patents the first egg beater with rotating parts. 694:
American Association for the Advancement of Science
784:first demonstrates his steam-driven agricultural 1527:. New York: The N. W. Henley Publishing Co. 1908 433:involved some significant events, listed below. 1525:Henley's Encyclopedia of Practical Engineering 1379:. London: Hodder & Stoughton. p. 25. 403: 8: 1453:Les Fontaines Publiques de la Ville de Dijon 410: 396: 219: 1560:"Copley Medal | British scientific award" 1406:Nashville Journal of Medicine and Surgery 1333:Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences 18:Overview of the events of 1856 in science 1217: 475:system should be adopted as a standard. 342: 326: 321: 301: 280: 259: 243: 222: 518:introduces the concept that the lower 498:becomes the first European to observe 20: 1499:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. 7: 1377:K2: the Story of the Savage Mountain 762:September 22 – British metallurgist 703:October 4 – American meteorologist 993:Hans Christian Cornelius Mortensen 831:Moravian Leopold Breit introduces 14: 1521:"Safety Valve, Ramsbottom Valves" 369:List of open letters by academics 362:Timeline of cosmological theories 1316:. UK Patent office. p. 255. 1193:), Scottish geologist (suicide). 467:proposes that the ratio used in 1207:), Swiss physician and surgeon. 795:invents a tamper-proof spring 780:English agricultural engineer 636:makes the first survey of the 1: 670:, which involves finding the 376:History of technology by type 294:Governance and policy studies 1466:van Dulken, Stephen (2001). 322:Extraterrestrial environment 1328:"Note sur le sucre de lait" 696:presents the causes of the 268:Sustainable energy research 1617: 1351:"Central Africa, explored" 630:Great Trigonometric Survey 1310:UK Patent office (1857). 1060:February 24 (February 12 383:List of science timelines 273:Transportation technology 1497:Saga of the Steam Plough 1495:Bonnett, Harold (1972). 717:American paleontologist 31:List of years in science 1596:19th century in science 1564:Encyclopedia Britannica 1011:Charles Alfred Ballance 903:Edward Goodrich Acheson 808:Alphonse Louis Poitevin 508:starts his research on 327:Terrestrial environment 1330:(Note on milk sugar), 1313:Patents for inventions 957:Nadezhda Ziber-Shumova 773:for the production of 664:William Rowan Hamilton 1148:(born 1784), English 814:photographic process. 586:Charles-Adolphe Wurtz 528:unicellular organisms 314:Dinosaurs' extinction 1375:Curran, Jim (1995). 1172:James Meadows Rendel 872:William Edmond Logan 769:improvements to the 662:Irish mathematician 1400:Ferrel, W. (1856). 1066:Nikolai Lobachevsky 913:industrial chemist. 863:Henri Milne-Edwards 844:Approximate date – 690:Eunice Newton Foote 544:first discovers an 351:Birding/ornithology 1546:U.S. patent 16,267 1451:Darcy, H. (1856). 1029:Sergei Winogradsky 728:genus and species 721:describes the new 626:Thomas Montgomerie 473:apparent magnitude 1455:. Paris: Dalmont. 1386:978-0-340-66007-2 1289:. London: Faber. 1232:. 30 January 2010 1185:December 23/24 – 820:Ralph Collier of 801:steam locomotives 791:English engineer 698:greenhouse effect 604:David Livingstone 481:is discovered by 446:Man found in the 442:First remains of 420: 419: 218: 217: 43: 42: 1608: 1601:1850s in science 1575: 1574: 1572: 1570: 1556: 1550: 1548: 1542: 1536: 1535: 1533: 1532: 1517: 1511: 1510: 1492: 1486: 1485: 1463: 1457: 1456: 1448: 1442: 1441: 1424:Holtz, Thomas R. 1420: 1414: 1413: 1397: 1391: 1390: 1372: 1366: 1365: 1363: 1362: 1347: 1341: 1326:Pasteur (1856). 1324: 1318: 1317: 1307: 1301: 1300: 1279: 1273: 1272: 1260: 1254: 1248: 1242: 1241: 1239: 1237: 1222: 1124:William Buckland 771:Bessemer process 672:Hamiltonian path 559:Alexander Parkes 412: 405: 398: 335:Tornado research 220: 25: 24: 21: 1616: 1615: 1611: 1610: 1609: 1607: 1606: 1605: 1591:1856 in science 1581: 1580: 1579: 1578: 1568: 1566: 1558: 1557: 1553: 1544: 1543: 1539: 1530: 1528: 1519: 1518: 1514: 1507: 1494: 1493: 1489: 1482: 1472:British Library 1465: 1464: 1460: 1450: 1449: 1445: 1438: 1422: 1421: 1417: 1399: 1398: 1394: 1387: 1374: 1373: 1369: 1360: 1358: 1349: 1348: 1344: 1325: 1321: 1309: 1308: 1304: 1297: 1283:Garfield, Simon 1281: 1280: 1276: 1262: 1261: 1257: 1249: 1245: 1235: 1233: 1224: 1223: 1219: 1214: 1201:Enriqueta Favez 1152:and bookseller. 1146:William Yarrell 1106:Amedeo Avogadro 1057: 1027:September 14 – 880: 868:Wollaston Medal 855: 833:Streichmelodion 806:French chemist 793:John Ramsbottom 759: 742: 714: 685: 659: 638:Karakoram Range 599: 537: 496:Paul Du Chaillu 492: 483:Theodor Brorsen 461: 439: 416: 281:Social sciences 239: 234: 224:1856 in science 209: 166: 125: 87: 19: 12: 11: 5: 1614: 1612: 1604: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1583: 1582: 1577: 1576: 1551: 1537: 1512: 1505: 1487: 1480: 1474:. p. 30. 1458: 1443: 1436: 1428:The Dinosauria 1415: 1392: 1385: 1367: 1342: 1319: 1302: 1295: 1274: 1255: 1243: 1216: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1209: 1208: 1194: 1183: 1180:civil engineer 1170:November 21 – 1168: 1167:mathematician. 1155:November 20 – 1153: 1144:September 1 – 1142: 1139:paleontologist 1120: 1102: 1086:February 25 – 1084: 1056: 1053: 1052: 1051: 1042:December 18 – 1040: 1037:microbiologist 1025: 1007: 989: 971: 953: 952: 951: 934: 914: 899: 885:Emil Kraepelin 883:February 15 – 879: 876: 875: 874: 865: 854: 851: 850: 849: 842: 836: 829: 815: 804: 789: 778: 758: 755: 754: 753: 752:on fluid flow. 741: 738: 737: 736: 713: 710: 709: 708: 705:William Ferrel 701: 684: 681: 680: 679: 658: 655: 654: 653: 642:Mount Haramukh 623: 598: 595: 594: 593: 588:discovers the 583: 573: 556: 542:William Perkin 536: 533: 532: 531: 516:Lev Tsenkovsky 513: 503: 491: 488: 487: 486: 476: 460: 457: 456: 455: 438: 435: 418: 417: 415: 414: 407: 400: 392: 389: 388: 387: 386: 379: 372: 365: 358: 353: 345: 344: 340: 339: 338: 337: 329: 328: 324: 323: 319: 318: 317: 316: 308: 307: 299: 298: 297: 296: 291: 283: 282: 278: 277: 276: 275: 270: 262: 261: 257: 256: 255: 254: 246: 245: 241: 240: 235: 230: 227: 226: 216: 215: 208: 207: 202: 197: 192: 187: 182: 177: 171: 168: 167: 165: 164: 156: 151: 146: 141: 136: 131: 126: 120: 115: 110: 103: 98: 93: 88: 82: 77: 72: 67: 62: 57: 48: 45: 44: 41: 40: 33: 28: 17: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1613: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1588: 1586: 1565: 1561: 1555: 1552: 1547: 1541: 1538: 1526: 1522: 1516: 1513: 1508: 1502: 1498: 1491: 1488: 1483: 1481:0-7123-0881-4 1477: 1473: 1469: 1462: 1459: 1454: 1447: 1444: 1439: 1437:0-520-24209-2 1433: 1429: 1425: 1419: 1416: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1396: 1393: 1388: 1382: 1378: 1371: 1368: 1356: 1352: 1346: 1343: 1339: 1335: 1334: 1329: 1323: 1320: 1315: 1314: 1306: 1303: 1298: 1296:0-571-20197-0 1292: 1288: 1284: 1278: 1275: 1270: 1266: 1259: 1256: 1252: 1247: 1244: 1231: 1227: 1221: 1218: 1211: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1195: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1157:Farkas Bolyai 1154: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1140: 1136: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1093: 1089: 1085: 1082: 1078: 1077:mathematician 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1058: 1054: 1049: 1045: 1044:J. J. Thomson 1041: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1005: 1004:ornithologist 1002: 998: 994: 990: 987: 984: 980: 976: 972: 969: 966: 962: 958: 954: 949: 946: 942: 938: 935: 932: 931:psychoanalyst 929: 925: 921: 920:Sigmund Freud 918: 917: 915: 912: 908: 904: 900: 897: 894: 890: 886: 882: 881: 877: 873: 870:for Geology: 869: 866: 864: 860: 857: 856: 852: 847: 843: 840: 837: 834: 830: 827: 823: 819: 816: 813: 809: 805: 802: 798: 794: 790: 787: 783: 779: 776: 772: 768: 765: 764:Robert Mushet 761: 760: 756: 751: 747: 744: 743: 739: 734: 732: 727: 724: 723:tyrannosaurid 720: 716: 715: 711: 706: 702: 699: 695: 691: 687: 686: 682: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 660: 656: 651: 647: 643: 639: 635: 631: 627: 624: 621: 617: 613: 609: 605: 601: 600: 596: 591: 587: 584: 581: 578:crystallizes 577: 576:Louis Pasteur 574: 571: 567: 566:thermoplastic 563: 560: 557: 554: 550: 547: 543: 539: 538: 534: 529: 525: 521: 517: 514: 511: 507: 506:Gregor Mendel 504: 501: 497: 494: 493: 489: 484: 480: 477: 474: 470: 466: 463: 462: 458: 453: 449: 445: 441: 440: 436: 434: 432: 428: 427: 413: 408: 406: 401: 399: 394: 393: 391: 390: 385: 384: 380: 378: 377: 373: 371: 370: 366: 364: 363: 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 348: 347: 346: 343:Other/related 341: 336: 333: 332: 331: 330: 325: 320: 315: 312: 311: 310: 309: 306: 305: 300: 295: 292: 290: 287: 286: 285: 284: 279: 274: 271: 269: 266: 265: 264: 263: 258: 253: 250: 249: 248: 247: 242: 238: 233: 229: 228: 225: 221: 214: 213: 206: 203: 201: 198: 196: 193: 191: 188: 186: 183: 181: 178: 176: 173: 172: 170: 169: 163: 160: 157: 155: 152: 150: 147: 145: 142: 140: 137: 135: 132: 130: 127: 124: 121: 119: 116: 114: 111: 109: 108: 104: 102: 99: 97: 94: 92: 89: 86: 83: 81: 78: 76: 73: 71: 68: 66: 63: 61: 58: 56: 53: 50: 49: 47: 46: 38: 34: 32: 29: 27: 26: 23: 22: 16: 1567:. Retrieved 1563: 1554: 1540: 1529:. Retrieved 1524: 1515: 1496: 1490: 1467: 1461: 1452: 1446: 1427: 1418: 1409: 1405: 1395: 1376: 1370: 1359:. Retrieved 1354: 1345: 1337: 1331: 1322: 1312: 1305: 1286: 1277: 1268: 1264: 1258: 1250: 1246: 1234:. Retrieved 1229: 1220: 1197:date unknown 1196: 1122:August 24 – 1009:August 30 – 991:August 27 – 975:Nikola Tesla 943:), American 937:Robert Peary 896:psychiatrist 859:Copley Medal 839:Sarrusophone 810:invents the 797:safety valve 729: 719:Joseph Leidy 712:Paleontology 688:August 23 – 676:dodecahedron 668:icosian game 666:invents the 612:Indian Ocean 602:May 20 – Dr 502:in the wild. 465:N. R. Pogson 423: 421: 381: 374: 367: 360: 304:Paleontology 303: 223: 210: 204: 185:Architecture 106: 105: 15: 1355:Unimaps.com 1226:"Feldhofer" 1187:Hugh Miller 1178:), English 1035:), Russian 782:John Fowler 750:Darcy's law 748:formulates 746:Henry Darcy 683:Meteorology 657:Mathematics 606:arrives at 597:Exploration 444:Neanderthal 437:Archaeology 252:Archaeology 180:Archaeology 1585:Categories 1531:2009-06-13 1506:0715357425 1470:. London: 1412:: 287–301. 1361:2011-08-26 1212:References 1088:George Don 973:July 10 – 968:biochemist 901:March 9 – 757:Technology 564:the first 522:and other 471:' stellar 469:Hipparchus 450:Valley of 448:Neandertal 431:technology 356:Literature 289:Psychology 260:Technology 200:Philosophy 190:Literature 1340::347-351. 1165:Hungarian 1150:zoologist 1135:geologist 1104:July 9 – 1062:Old Style 955:May 19 – 848:invented. 846:Bandoneon 841:patented. 822:Baltimore 812:collotype 786:ploughing 608:Quelimane 580:galactose 570:Parkesine 535:Chemistry 524:infusoria 459:Astronomy 422:The year 1285:(2000). 1199:– 1099:botanist 1096:Scottish 1081:geometer 986:inventor 948:explorer 928:Austrian 911:American 826:Maryland 818:Tinsmith 733:horridus 731:Deinodon 726:dinosaur 553:mauveine 540:March – 510:genetics 500:gorillas 479:NGC 6539 424:1856 in 1569:23 July 1253:(1861). 1236:21 July 1132:English 1117:chemist 1114:Italian 1074:Russian 1022:surgeon 1019:English 965:Russian 788:system. 767:patents 740:Physics 640:, from 628:of the 610:on the 590:glycols 562:patents 546:aniline 490:Biology 452:Germany 426:science 205:Science 1503:  1478:  1434:  1383:  1357:. 2005 1293:  1271:: 233. 1203:(born 1189:(born 1174:(born 1159:(born 1126:(born 1108:(born 1090:(born 1068:(born 1055:Deaths 1046:(died 1031:(died 1013:(died 1001:Danish 995:(died 977:(died 959:(died 939:(died 922:(died 916:May 6 905:(died 893:German 887:(died 878:Births 853:Awards 620:Luanda 616:Africa 244:Fields 945:polar 775:steel 674:on a 634:India 618:from 520:algae 195:Music 37:table 1571:2020 1501:ISBN 1476:ISBN 1432:ISBN 1381:ISBN 1291:ISBN 1238:2020 1205:1791 1191:1802 1176:1799 1161:1775 1137:and 1128:1784 1110:1776 1092:1797 1079:and 1070:1792 1064:) – 1048:1940 1033:1953 1015:1936 997:1921 983:Serb 979:1943 961:1916 941:1920 924:1939 907:1931 889:1926 799:for 648:and 526:are 429:and 237:1857 232:1855 212:+... 159:1866 154:1865 149:1864 144:1863 139:1862 134:1861 129:1860 123:1859 118:1858 113:1857 107:1856 101:1855 96:1854 91:1853 85:1852 80:1851 75:1850 70:1849 65:1848 60:1847 55:1846 1163:), 1130:), 1112:), 1094:), 1072:), 1017:), 999:), 981:), 963:), 926:), 909:), 891:), 632:of 549:dye 175:Art 1587:: 1562:. 1523:. 1410:11 1408:. 1404:. 1353:. 1338:42 1336:, 1269:23 1267:. 1228:. 861:: 824:, 650:K2 646:K1 568:, 551:, 39:) 1573:. 1549:. 1534:. 1509:. 1484:. 1440:. 1389:. 1364:. 1299:. 1240:. 1182:. 1141:. 1119:. 1101:. 1083:. 1039:. 1024:. 1006:. 988:. 970:. 950:. 933:. 898:. 835:. 803:. 777:. 735:. 700:. 678:. 652:. 622:. 592:. 582:. 572:. 555:. 530:. 512:. 485:. 454:. 411:e 404:t 397:v 162:… 52:… 35:(

Index

List of years in science
table

1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866

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