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Hazara genocide (19th century)

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733: 872: 995: 683:, the cause of the uprising was an assault on the wife of a Hazara chieftain by Afghan soldiers. The families of both the man and his wife killed the soldiers involved and attacked the local garrison. Several other tribal chiefs who supported Abdur Rahman now turned against him and joined the rebellion, which rapidly spread through the entire Hazarajat. In response to the rebellion, the Emir declared a " 663:, opposition within the leadership of Sawar Khan and Syed Jafar Khan continued against the government troops, but at last, were defeated. Taxes were imposed and Afghan administrators were sent to occupied places, where they subjugated the people with abuses. People were disarmed, villages were looted, local tribal chiefs were imprisoned or executed, and the better lands were confiscated and given to 988: 1003: 777:. Small pockets of resistance continued to the end of the year as government troops committed atrocities against civilians and deported entire villages. The governor of Balochistan reported to the foreign department of India that he believed Abdur Rahman was intending to exterminate the Hazaras. Massive forced displacements, especially in Oruzgan and 1601:
Diaries.D.No 62, No. 177 F.C., dated Sibi, 6 February 1893. From-Major-General Sir James Browne, K.C.S.I., C.B., R.E., Agent to the governor-general in Baluchistan, To-The Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department. News-letter No.4, By Khan Bahadur Mirza Muhammad Takki Khan, 27 January
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News. D.No.85 F. No.300 F.C., dated Sibi, 25 February 1893. From-Major-General Sir James Browne, K.C.S.I.,C.B.,R.E., Agent to the governor-general in Baluchistan, To-The Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department. News-letter No.6., By Khan Bahadur Mirza Muhammad Takki Khan, 10 February
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claims: "It is difficult to verify such an estimate, but the memory of the conquest of the Hazārajāt by ʿAbd-al-Raḥmān Khan certainly remains vivid among the Hazāras themselves, and has heavily influenced their relations with the Afghan state throughout the 20th century." In 1894 802 Hazara leaders
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It is estimated that more than sixty percent of the Hazara population were massacred and some displaced and exiled during Abdur Rahman's campaign against them. Hazara farmers were often forced to give up their property to Pashtuns and as a result, many Hazara families had to leave seasonally to the
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News. D.No.390 F. No.921. F.C., dated Ziarat, 11 September 1893. From-Major-General Sir James Browne, K.C.S.I.,C.B.,R.E.,Agent to the governor-general in Baluchistan, To-The Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department. News-letter. No.34, By Khan Bahadur Mirza Muhammad Takki Khan, 26
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News.D.No.29 F. No.26 F.C.,dated Camp Jacobabad, 14 January 1893. From-Major-General Sir James Browne, C.B.,K.C.S.I., R.E.,Agent to the governor-general in Baluchistan, To-The Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department. News-letter No.1, By Khan Bahadur Mirza Muhammad Taki Khan, 6
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News.D.No.128 F. No.1537, dated Quetta, 24 March 1893. From-Major-General Sir James Browne, K.C.S.I.,C.B.,R.E.,Agent to the governor-general in Balochistan, To-The Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department. News-letter No.11, By Khan Bahadur Mirza Muhammad Takki Khan, 17 March
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News.D.No. 242. F. No.2909,dated Quetta, 5 June 1893. From-Major-General Sir James Browne, K.C.S.I.,C.B.,R.E.,Agent to the governor-general in Baluchistan, To-The Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department. News-letter No.21, By Khan Bahadur, Mirza Muhammad Takki Khan, 27 May
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News.D.No.243 F. No.2903, dated Quetta, 5 June 1893. From-Major-General Sir James Browne, K.C.S.I.,C.B.,R.E.,Agent to the governor-general in Baluchistan, To-The Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department. News-letter No.20, By Khan Bahadur Mirza Muhammad Taki Khan, 19 May
769:; yet eventually sent them back to Uruzgan; after the revolt was crushed they were then sent back to Kabul again. After months of fighting, the uprising Hazaras were eventually defeated due to a shortage of food; in response to such food shortages Abdur Rahman ordered grain be sent from 1526:
News.D.No.186 F. No.2257, Quetta, 28 April 1893, From-Major-General Sir James Browne, K.C.S.I.,C.B.,R.E.,Agent to the governor-general in Baluchistan, To-The Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department. News-letter No.16, By Khan Bahadur Mirza Muhammad Takki Khan, 21 April
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during the persecution. 30 mule loads; or roughly over 400 decapitated Hazara heads were allegedly sent to Kabul. The Sultan Ahmad Hazara tribe of Uruzgan was in particular severely persecuted. The Beshud Hazara tribe too faced the brunt of Amir's crackdown in particular as well.
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The third uprising of Hazara was in response to excessive taxation, starting in early 1893. This revolt took the government forces by surprise and the Hazara managed to take most of Hazarajat back. During the revolt the Hazaras arrested or killed the governor of
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The Hazaras are a Shia Muslim minority in predominantly Sunni Muslim countries. This religious difference has contributed to their historic marginalization and made them targets of sectarian violence. Over 60 percent of the total Hazara population was
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News.D.No.48 F. No.124 F.C.,dated Sibi, 27 January 1893. From-Major-General Sir James Browne, K.C.S.I.,C.B.,R.E.,Agent to the governor-general in Baluchistan, To-The Secretary to the Government of India, Foreign Department. News-Letter No
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The Hazara diaspora mourns the deaths of the victims of the Hazara uprisings of the 1890s on September 25 (called the "Hazara Black Day") and it wants the International community to recognize the subjugation of the Hazaras as a
714:"thousands of Hazara men, and women were sold in the cities of Kabul and Qandahar, while numerous towers of human heads were made from the defeated rebels as a warning to others who might challenge the rule of the Amir". 749:
tried to plead to the Hazaras that the Amir would listen to their demands. The provincial forces responded to the revolt with military force; in this response the Hakim of Gizu reported to the governor general of
157: 150: 624:) and other adjoining areas. The Hazara land was distributed among loyalist villagers of nearby non-Hazaras. The repression after the uprising has been called the most significant case of 818:
Others claim that Hazaras began leaving their hometown of Hazarajat due to poverty and in search of employment mostly in the 20th century. Most of these Hazaras immigrated to neighboring
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joined the revolt. The revolt was short-lived and crushed as the Emir extended his control over large parts of Hazarajat. Leaders of the Sheikh Ali Hazaras had allies in two groups,
781:, continued as lands were confiscated and populations were expelled or fled. Out of 132,000 families, 10,000 to 15,000 Hazara families fled the country to northern Afghanistan, 1168: 644:
The first Hazara uprising against Abdur Rahman took place between 1888 and 1890. When Abdur Rahman's cousin, Mohammad Eshaq, revolted against him, tribal leaders of the
277: 732: 789:(Pakistan), and 7,000 to 10,000 Hazaras submitted to Abdur Rahman, and the rest fought until they were defeated. There is a famous story of 40 Hazara girls in 975: 524: 504: 1370:"The 'Genocide of the Hazaras' in Afghanistan from 1884 to 1905 and subsequent genocidal campaigns and target killings against them in the 21st century" 1307:"The 'Genocide of the Hazaras' in Afghanistan from 1884 to 1905 and subsequent genocidal campaigns and target killings against them in the 21st century" 322: 806:, Iran, or Pakistan to find jobs and a source of income. Quetta in Pakistan is home to the third largest settlements of Hazara outside Afghanistan. 1031: 534: 1861: 1146: 1050: 596:
regions under his control. He launched several campaigns in the Hazarajat due to resistance to oppression from the Hazaras, culminating in the
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Abdur Rahman ordered that all weapons of the Hazara be confiscated and for Sunni Mullahs to impose a Sunni interpretation of Islam.
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After the revolt unfolded; Hazara tribal leaders like Muhammad, Karbala-i-Raza and others were arrested after trying to flee.
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that General Mir Atta Khan at Gizu committed "great excesses" in Gizu. Hazaras also managed to commit great success in the
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Map of Kabul Province in 1893, showing the boundaries of the different Hazara tribes at the time of the third uprising.
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and raised an army of up to 40,000 soldiers, 10,000 mounted troops, and 100,000 armed civilians (most of whom were the
1024: 272: 427: 1881: 1846: 1841: 392: 307: 222: 192: 1690: 242: 822:, where they were provided permanent settlement by the government of British India. Others settled in and around 645: 474: 377: 282: 422: 417: 257: 237: 1215: 1006: 484: 327: 367: 267: 212: 202: 197: 950: 811: 755: 566: 464: 407: 317: 217: 187: 1805: 1388: 1045: 1017: 998: 913: 570: 479: 469: 352: 302: 207: 454: 412: 397: 332: 1663: 1646:"THE GENOCIDE OF THE HAZARAS Descendants of Genghis Khan Fight for Survival in Afghanistan and Pakistan" 1314: 955: 886: 819: 544: 539: 312: 1083:
30 mule loads is roughly 30 sets of 150 pounds or 2.25 tons; a human head weighs 10.5 pounds on average
794: 357: 337: 227: 807: 680: 923: 918: 778: 585: 574: 514: 509: 252: 1120: 1552: 1480:"Refworld | World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples – Afghanistan : Hazaras" 1459: 1348: 1256: 1223: 1186: 1162: 1126: 827: 597: 581: 529: 447: 247: 116: 17: 1652: 933: 903: 898: 629: 362: 287: 262: 232: 77: 871: 1676: 1327: 908: 292: 1779: 131: 1344:
The Hazaras and the Afghan State: Rebellion, Exclusion and the Struggle for Recognition
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The Hazaras and the Afghan State Rebellion, Exclusion and the Struggle for Recognition
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The Hazaras of Afghanistan: An Historical, Cultural, Economic and Political Study
1424: 1342: 1291: 1479: 751: 696: 653: 633: 578: 47: 758:, where Hazara forces managed to defeat 2 waves of Afghan attacks in Uruzgan 649: 593: 589: 1753: 1736: 1227: 893: 104: 43: 844: 625: 613: 600:
and he conducted a widespread genocidal campaign against its population.
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of 132,000 Hazara families 50% to 60% of their population was massacred
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who survived the rebellion were killed or exiled after being captured.
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The second uprising occurred in the Spring of 1892. According to
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Mass killings of Afghan Hazaras after the Second Anglo-Afghan War
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The large army defeated the rebellion at its center, in
1760:. United States: Encyclopædia Iranica. 15 December 2003 1758:
Arash Khazeni, Alessandro Monsutti, Charles M. Kieffer
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After all of Sheikh Ali Hazaras' chiefs were sent to
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with some being displaced and exiled by migrating to
127: 111: 95: 87: 71: 61: 53: 39: 34: 1180: 1178: 1167:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 712: 1025: 158: 8: 1710:"How much does the human head actually way?" 1389:"Hazara Genocide in Afghanistan (1892-1901)" 1748: 1746: 1149:. Archived from the original on 6 July 2024 1804:Hazara International (23 September 2021). 1449: 1447: 1445: 1418: 1416: 1414: 1412: 1410: 1408: 1406: 1187:"The Afghan State and the Hazara Genocide" 1032: 1018: 854: 765:kept various Hazara chiefs as hostages in 165: 151: 143: 31: 1423:Alessandro Monsutti (15 December 2003). 1341:Ibrahimi, Niamatullah (1 October 2017). 1522: 1520: 1096: 1067: 862: 706:, by 1892 and the local population was 1672: 1661: 1374:Genocide of the Hazaras of Afghanistan 1323: 1312: 1160: 1051:Persecution of Hazara people in Quetta 1368:Zamani, Ezzatullah (1 January 2019). 1305:Zamani, Ezzatullah (September 2019). 699:military advisers to train his army. 7: 1727:Bussi, Pierluigi (19 January 2017). 1458:. Richmond, NY: St. Martin's Press. 1246: 1244: 1002: 174:Conflicts in Afghanistan (1793–1973) 987: 1292:"Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica" 25: 1185:Hakimi, Mehdi J. (25 July 2023). 565:occurred in the aftermath of the 1001: 994: 993: 986: 870: 91:66,000 to 79,200 Hazara families 1387:Mohammadi, Ishaq (6 May 2022). 107:were killed and some displaced. 1454:Mousavi, Sayed Askar (1998) . 1119:Ibrahimi, Niamatullah (2017). 123:volunteers from various tribes 18:1888–1893 Uprisings of Hazaras 1: 1862:Discrimination in Afghanistan 1216:"THE AMEER CAPTURES URZAGHAN" 793:committing suicide to escape 1629:. April 2013. Archived from 1191:Harvard Human Rights Journal 1056:1998 Mazar-i-Sharif massacre 1729:"IL GENOCIDIO DEGLI HAZARA" 1347:. Oxford University Press. 1125:. Oxford University Press. 804:major cities in Afghanistan 710:with some being displaced. 1898: 1877:Massacres of Hazara people 1872:Wars involving Afghanistan 1806:"Hazara Genocide Memorial" 1733:Kim International Magazine 1280:. کابل: مطبعه دارالسلطنته. 632:in the history of modern 180: 1867:Ethnic cleansing in Asia 1857:Massacres in Afghanistan 1255:. کابل: انتشارات امیری. 1276:کاتب, فیض‌محمد (1913). 756:First Battle Of Uruzgan 567:Second Anglo-Afghan War 333:2nd Kandahar, 8th Herat 1837:Persecution of Hazaras 1671:Cite journal requires 1547:Poladi, Hasan (1944). 1322:Cite journal requires 1253:تاریخ باستانی هزاره‌ها 1046:Persecution of Hazaras 737: 722: 695:). He also brought in 303:1st Britain, 2nd Shuja 735: 584:set out to bring the 1810:Hazara International 1780:"Who are the Hazara" 1429:Encyclopædia Iranica 1425:"HAZĀRA ii. HISTORY" 812:Encyclopædia Iranica 343:2nd Afghan Turkestan 298:1st Afghan Turkestan 1852:Religious pluralism 1739:on 31 October 2019. 1658:on 7 November 2019. 1633:on 7 November 2019. 1251:دلجو, عباس (2014). 858:Part of a series on 808:Sayed Askar Mousavi 681:Sayed Askar Mousavi 571:Afghanistan Emirate 1644:Gier, Nicholas F. 1222:. 2 October 1892. 1220:The New York Times 745:; the governor of 738: 646:Sheikh Ali Hazaras 575:Treaty of Gandamak 403:2nd Chahar Wilayat 323:1st Chahar Wilayat 115:Afghan army under 1882:Massacres in Asia 1847:Genocides in Asia 1842:Afghan war crimes 1708:Brain, Marshall. 1354:978-1-84904-981-8 1042: 1041: 1009: 828:Khorasan Province 598:Battle of Uruzgan 558: 557: 141: 140: 16:(Redirected from 1889: 1821: 1820: 1818: 1816: 1801: 1795: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1776: 1770: 1769: 1767: 1765: 1750: 1741: 1740: 1735:. Archived from 1724: 1718: 1717: 1705: 1699: 1698: 1695:Encyclopedia.com 1687: 1681: 1680: 1674: 1669: 1667: 1659: 1657: 1651:. 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A. 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Index

1888–1893 Uprisings of Hazaras
Hazarajat
Afghanistan
Hazaras
ethnic cleansing
genocide
Hazara
Hazarajat
Abdur Rahman
Sunni
Anti-Shi'ism
Colonization
v
t
e
1st Ghilzai
Chindawol
1st Herat
Shahda
Nimla
3rd Herat
Attock
4th Herat
Kafir Qal'eh
Multan
2nd Civil War
3rd Civil War
Shopian
Nowshera
5th Herat

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