301:, two mosques, a church and school were also destroyed. The death toll in the villages stood at 285 and 77 were injured. At least 3,260 sheep and 226 cattle also died. In Adıyaman, 22 died and 26 were injured; a third of its 3,500 homes were razed; another third were damaged. Eight villages near Malatya were demolished and 124 deaths were reported. In Malatya, homes were damaged though few collapsed; about 300 people died. Three churches, 47 mosques, 14 religious schools, the barracks in the town and two telegraph stations were razed. Some homes and government buildings in
30:
37:
253:. The damage area measured 220 km (140 mi) long by 120 km (75 mi) wide. Rupture was confined to the Erkenek segment; which was broken for most of its length. The rupture likely ceased about 20 km (12 mi) southwest of Pütürge in the north and near Erkenek at its southern termination. A M
203:
representing the boundary between the
Anatolian and Arabian plates. The fault displays slip rates that decrease from the east at 10 mm (0.39 in) per year to the west, where it is 1–4 mm (0.039–0.157 in) per year. The fault produced large earthquakes in 1789 (M 7.2), 1795 (M 7.0),
249:. The Erkenek segment is located between the Pütürge segment to the northeast and the Pazarcık segment in the southwest. The shock was associated with 86 km (53 mi) of surface rupture with a maximum left-lateral offset of 4.5 m (15 ft) measured south of
613:
Carena, Sara; Friedrich, Anke; Verdecchia, Alessandro; Kahle, Beth Shaw (2023). "Identification of Source Faults of Large
Earthquakes in the Turkey-Syria Border Region Between AD 1000 and Present, and their Relevance for the 2023 Mw 7.8 Pazarcık Earthquake".
293:, Akcedağ, Karakiahta and Mirdis. A total of 885 people died and 164 were injured. In Akcedağ, 2,719 of its 11,740 homes were totally destroyed, 1,345 were uninhabitable and 2,195 were damaged. An estimated 5,100 homes in the villages between Malatya and
416:
Milkereit, C.; Grosser, H.; Wang, R.; Wetzel, H.-U.; Woith, H.; Karakisa, S.; Zünbül, S.; Zschau, J. (2004). "Implications of the 2003 Bingöl
Earthquake for the Interaction between the North and East Anatolian Faults".
228:
segments in the west have recurrence intervals of 237–772 years and 414–917 years, respectively, for M 7.0–7.4 earthquakes. This intracontinental transform fault is the second largest strike-slip fault in Turkey.
596:"The surface deformation of the 2020 Doğanyol-Sivrice earthquake (Mw 6.8) and the earlier events suggest Mw˂7.0 earthquakes do not create significant surface slip along the East Anatolian Fault Zone"
309:
were destroyed. Aftershocks which were felt until 12 March caused further damage. A cholera outbreak the same year killed 896 people. The reconstruction of demolished buildings began in 1894.
261:
in 1905 likely completed the rupture along the southern
Erkenek segment; no surface faulting was associated with the shock. The Erkenek and Pazarcık segments ruptured during the M
345:
Kahramanmaraş - Gaziantep Türkiye M7.7 Earthquake, 6 February 2023 (04:17 GMT+03:00) Large historical earthquakes of the earthquake-affected region: a preliminary report
739:
394:
1103:
1023:
344:
978:
1008:
29:
1028:
922:
1244:
1048:
832:
1249:
732:
245: 6.7–7.0 earthquakes along the East Anatolian Fault from 1866 to 1905. It ruptured the Erkenek segment of the fault southwest of
1218:
777:
375:
285:
The shock affected a 220 km (140 mi) long by 120 km (75 mi) wide area that encompassed the districts of Kubeli,
136:
1198:
1158:
1133:
1003:
266:
998:
1018:
1013:
495:"A 3800 yr paleoseismic record (Lake Hazar sediments, eastern Turkey): Implications for the East Anatolian Fault seismic cycle"
1239:
842:
822:
725:
318:
988:
89:
797:
782:
748:
323:
917:
1193:
1163:
274:
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1038:
1033:
902:
493:
Hubert-Ferrari, Aurélia; Lamair, Laura; Hage, Sophie; Schmidt, Sabine; Çagatay, M. Namık; Avşar, Ulaş (15 May 2020).
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1078:
1043:
927:
882:
872:
690:
695:
551:
Duman, Tamer Y.; Emre, Ömer (2013). "The East
Anatolian Fault: geometry, segmentation and jog characteristics".
1188:
1123:
1053:
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184:
1213:
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258:
1118:
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827:
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792:
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176:
1148:
1128:
1088:
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1058:
983:
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867:
862:
494:
1173:
1113:
1098:
963:
887:
772:
662:
623:
560:
509:
465:
426:
196:
217:
576:
533:
208: 6.8). These earthquakes ruptured individual segments of the fault. The seismically active
454:"Faulting associated with historical and recent earthquakes in the Eastern Mediterranean region"
209:
670:
635:
631:
568:
525:
517:
513:
473:
434:
384:
200:
237:
The shock had a surface wave magnitude of 7.1 and was assigned a maximum intensity of X (
666:
627:
564:
469:
430:
675:
650:
1233:
580:
537:
478:
453:
294:
213:
343:
Sesetyan, K.; Stucchi, M.; Castelli, V.; Gomez Capera, A.A. (16 February 2023).
290:
250:
221:
595:
521:
246:
241:) on the Mercalli intensity scale. was part of a seismic sequence involving M
104:
91:
369:
Güvercin, S.E.; Karabulut, H.; Konca, A.O.; Doğan, U.; Ergintav, S. (2022).
306:
699:. Vol. 27. Türk Diyanet Vakfı. 2003. pp. 468–473. Archived from
594:
Akbayram, Kenan; Kıranşan, Kemal; Özer, Çağlar; Varolgüneş, Sadık (2021).
389:
302:
717:
297:
were destroyed; the remaining 1,900 were damaged. In these villages, 42
529:
438:
286:
164:
700:
199:; a 700-kilometre-long (430 mi) northeast–southwest left-lateral
572:
298:
225:
172:
204:
1872 (M 7.2), 1874 (M 7.1), 1875 (M 6.7), 1893 (M 7.1), and 2020 (M
269:
on 6 February 2023 while the Pütürge segment ruptured during the M
187:. This destructive earthquake caused 885 deaths and 164 injuries.
721:
371:"Active seismotectonics of the East Anatolian Fault"
951:
755:
149:
128:
120:
83:
71:
63:
48:
220:of about 150 years for M 6.8–7.0 earthquakes. The
553:Geological Society, London, Special Publications
419:Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
36:
733:
452:Ambraseys, N. N.; Jackson, J. A. (May 1998).
8:
19:
163:occurred at 02:30 local time on 3 March in
740:
726:
718:
18:
674:
651:"Temporary seismic quiescence: SE Turkey"
477:
388:
179:of 7.1 and maximum felt intensity of X (
335:
636:10.22541/essoar.168276026.65414078/v1
7:
649:Ambraseys, N. N. (1 February 1989).
397:from the original on 10 October 2022
195:The earthquake was located near the
502:Earth and Planetary Science Letters
676:10.1111/j.1365-246X.1989.tb04453.x
14:
655:Geophysical Journal International
458:Geophysical Journal International
376:Geophysical Journal International
479:10.1046/j.1365-246X.1998.00508.x
35:
28:
216:segments in the east display a
129:
319:List of historical earthquakes
1:
350:(Report). Boğaziçi University
324:List of earthquakes in Turkey
1219:2023 Gaziantep–Kahramanmaraş
1024:1944 Gulf of Edremit–Ayvacik
1245:History of Malatya Province
1271:
1250:1893 in the Ottoman Empire
979:1935 Erdek–Marmara Islands
522:10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116152
24:
185:Mercalli intensity scale
514:2020E&PSL.53816152H
169:Eastern Anatolia Region
161:1893 Malatya earthquake
20:1893 Malatya earthquake
1104:1976 Çaldıran–Muradiye
177:surface wave magnitude
52:3 March 1893
1240:Earthquakes in Turkey
1009:1943 Adapazarı–Hendek
749:Earthquakes in Turkey
277:on 24 January 2020.
197:East Anatolian Fault
16:Earthquake in Turkey
843:1668 North Anatolia
823:1509 Constantinople
696:İslâm Ansiklopedisi
667:1989GeoJI..96..311A
628:2023Tecto..4207890C
565:2013GSLSP.372..495D
470:1998GeoJI.133..390A
431:2004BuSSA..94.2400M
390:10.1093/gji/ggac045
218:recurrence interval
101: /
21:
1255:History of Malatya
923:1899 Aydın–Denizli
798:557 Constantinople
783:447 Constantinople
439:10.1785/0120030194
1227:
1226:
1134:1998 Adana–Ceyhan
1049:1953 Yenice–Gönen
1004:1942 Niksar–Erbaa
833:1598 Amasya–Çorum
157:
156:
105:38.154°N 38.293°E
1262:
1159:2004 Doğubayazıt
1029:1946 Varto–Hınıs
1019:1944 Bolu–Gerede
1014:1943 Tosya–Ladik
742:
735:
728:
719:
712:
711:
709:
708:
687:
681:
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646:
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616:ESS Open Archive
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573:10.1144/SP372.14
548:
542:
541:
499:
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484:
483:
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449:
443:
442:
425:(6): 2400–2406.
413:
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392:
366:
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349:
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191:Tectonic setting
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1209:2020 Aegean Sea
1184:2017 Aegean Sea
1179:2014 Aegean Sea
947:
778:262 SW Anatolia
751:
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201:transform fault
193:
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109:
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95:
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88:
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78:
64:Local time
55:
53:
49:Local date
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17:
12:
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5:
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1096:
1091:
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1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1044:1952 Hasankale
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
999:1941 Van–Erciş
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
955:
953:
949:
948:
946:
945:
940:
935:
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928:1903 Manzikert
925:
920:
918:1898 Balıkesir
915:
910:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
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873:1856 Heraklion
870:
865:
860:
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850:
845:
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835:
830:
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820:
815:
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805:
800:
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759:
757:
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747:
745:
744:
737:
730:
722:
714:
713:
682:
661:(2): 311–331.
641:
605:
586:
559:(1): 495–529.
543:
485:
464:(2): 390–406.
444:
408:
361:
334:
333:
331:
328:
327:
326:
321:
314:
311:
282:
279:
275:6.8 earthquake
270:
267:7.8 earthquake
262:
259:6.8 earthquake
254:
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234:
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205:
192:
189:
155:
154:
153:885 fatalities
151:
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121:Areas affected
118:
117:
110:38.154; 38.293
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1200:
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1189:2019 Istanbul
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1125:
1124:1992 Erzincan
1122:
1120:
1117:
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1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
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1084:1969 Alaşehir
1082:
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1067:
1065:
1062:
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1057:
1055:
1052:
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1042:
1040:
1039:1951 Kurşunlu
1037:
1035:
1034:1949 Karlıova
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
994:1939 Erzincan
992:
990:
989:1938 Kırşehir
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
959:1924 Pasinler
957:
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950:
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941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
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916:
914:
913:1894 Istanbul
911:
909:
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904:
901:
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886:
884:
881:
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876:
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869:
866:
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859:
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853:1766 Istanbul
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
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761:
760:
758:
754:
750:
743:
738:
736:
731:
729:
724:
723:
720:
703:on 2015-12-28
702:
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86:
82:
74:
70:
66:
62:
51:
47:
31:
23:
1169:2011 Kütahya
1119:1986 Malatya
1109:1983 Erzurum
1074:1967 Mudurnu
1054:1957 Fethiye
969:1929 Suşehri
952:Contemporary
943:1919 Ayvalık
933:1912 Mürefte
908:1893 Malatya
907:
888:1872 Antioch
878:1859 Erzurum
858:1766 Marmara
818:1269 Cilicia
808:847 Damascus
705:. Retrieved
701:the original
694:
685:
658:
654:
644:
619:
615:
608:
599:
589:
556:
552:
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505:
501:
488:
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399:. Retrieved
383:(1): 50–69.
380:
374:
364:
352:. Retrieved
338:
299:marketplaces
284:
238:
236:
194:
180:
160:
158:
139:
1204:2020 Bingöl
1194:2020 Elazığ
1164:2010 Elazığ
1154:2003 Bingöl
1094:1971 Bingöl
1079:1968 Bartın
1064:1964 Manyas
974:1930 Salmas
938:1914 Burdur
883:1866 Bingöl
848:1688 Smyrna
838:1653 Smyrna
828:1513 Marash
813:1114 Marash
803:840 Erzurum
793:528 Antioch
788:526 Antioch
768:115 Antioch
763:AD 17 Lydia
530:2268/246404
291:Hisn-Mansur
175:. It had a
108: /
79: 7.1
1234:Categories
1214:2022 Düzce
1149:2002 Afyon
1144:1999 Düzce
1139:1999 İzmit
1129:1995 Dinar
1089:1970 Gediz
1069:1966 Varto
1059:1957 Abant
984:1935 Digor
903:1883 Çeşme
898:1881 Chios
893:1875 Dinar
868:1855 Bursa
863:1840 Ahora
756:Historical
707:2023-03-02
600:EarthArXiv
508:: 116152.
401:6 February
330:References
247:Lake Hazar
233:Earthquake
150:Casualties
96:38°17′35″E
93:38°09′14″N
56:1893-03-03
1114:1983 Biga
1099:1975 Lice
964:1926 Kars
773:141 Lycia
691:"Malatya"
581:129225180
538:215728311
307:Gaziantep
183:) on the
132:intensity
84:Epicenter
72:Magnitude
1199:2020 Van
1174:2011 Van
395:Archived
313:See also
303:Elbistan
273:
265:
257:
251:Çelikhan
222:Pazarcık
663:Bibcode
624:Bibcode
561:Bibcode
510:Bibcode
466:Bibcode
427:Bibcode
354:2 March
295:Pütürge
287:Behesni
239:Extreme
214:Pütürge
181:Extreme
165:Malatya
140:Extreme
138:MMI X (
54: (
622:(12).
579:
536:
281:Impact
226:Amanos
173:Turkey
124:Turkey
577:S2CID
534:S2CID
498:(PDF)
348:(PDF)
67:02:30
403:2023
356:2023
305:and
224:and
212:and
210:Palu
159:The
130:Max.
671:doi
632:doi
569:doi
557:372
526:hdl
518:doi
506:538
474:doi
462:133
435:doi
385:doi
381:230
171:of
1236::
693:.
669:.
659:96
657:.
653:.
630:.
620:42
618:.
598:.
575:.
567:.
555:.
532:.
524:.
516:.
504:.
500:.
472:.
460:.
456:.
433:.
423:94
421:.
393:.
379:.
373:.
289:,
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476::
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387::
358:.
271:w
263:w
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243:w
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77:s
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58:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
