322:, none were ever officially circulated, and all but two were ordered to be melted down. However, 20 more are known to have been rescued from melting by being stolen and found their way into the hands of collectors before later being recovered. Nine of the recovered coins were destroyed, making this one of the world's rarest coins, with only 13 known specimens remaining—only one of which is privately owned, which is known as the Weitzman Specimen. Because the coin was never released to the public, it is illegal to privately own any of the 1933 double eagles, with the exception of the Weitzman Specimen. The
534:, he insisted the double eagle had come from the collection of King Farouk, though this could not be verified. Criminal charges against Fenton were subsequently dropped, and he defended his ownership of the coin in civil court. The civil case was settled in 2001 when it was agreed that ownership of the double eagle would revert to the United States government, and the coin could then legally be sold at auction to the highest-bidding private owner. The United States Treasury issued a unique document to "issue and monetize" the coin, thereby making it a legal-tender gold coin in the United States.
721:
635:), any recovered 1933 double eagle, as gold bullion, was required to be melted. Therefore, while double eagles recovered prior to 1974 were melted down, any double eagle recovered now can be spared this fate. Currently, with the exception of the one sold on July 30, 2002, 1933 double eagle coins cannot be the legal possession of any member of the public, as they were never issued and hence remain the property of the United States government.
735:
557:, and an additional $ 20 needed to "monetize" the face value of the coin so it would become legal currency. This brought the final sale price to $ 7,590,020.00, almost twice the previous record for a coin. Half the bid price was to be delivered to the United States Treasury, plus the $ 20 to monetize the coin, while Stephen Fenton was entitled to the other half. The auction took less than nine minutes.
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been legally obtained. The mint began striking double eagles on March 15, and
Roosevelt's executive order to ban them was not finalized until April 5. On March 6, 1933, the Secretary of the Treasury ordered the Director of the Mint to pay gold only under license issued by the Secretary, and the United States Mint cashier's daily statements do not reflect that any 1933 double eagles were paid out.
36:
494:—and coins, of which he had a collection of over 8,500. In 1944 Farouk purchased a 1933 double eagle, and in strict adherence with the law, his ministers applied to the United States Treasury Department for an export license for the coin. Mistakenly, just days before the mint theft was discovered, the license was granted. The Treasury Department attempted to work through
608:, had access to the coins at the time and served prison time for similar embezzlement in 1940. Switt may have obtained the stolen 1933 double eagles through a relationship with the head mint cashier. One theory is that McCann swapped previous year double eagles for the 1933 specimens prior to melting, thus avoiding compromise of accounting books and inventory lists.
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510:(run by Stacks Bowers) – including the double eagle coin (1933 Saint-Gaudens Double Eagle. | Stacks Bowers). The United States government requested the return of the coin, and the Egyptian government stated that it would comply with the request. However, the coin disappeared and was not seen again in Egypt.
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world have advanced an argument that Switt could have legally obtained the 1933 coins when he was exchanging gold bullion for coins. Although the Mint records clearly show that no 1933 double eagles were issued, there were allegedly three weeks in March 1933 when new double eagles could possibly have
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became aware of their existence. The matter came to the attention of mint officials when an investigative reporter looked into the history of the coins he had spotted in an upcoming Stack's Bowers coin auction and contacted the Mint as part of his research. As a result, an official investigation into
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as a party to the theft who admitted selling the first nine double eagles recovered a half-century earlier. In
September 2004, the coins' ostensible owner, Joan Switt Langbord, voluntarily surrendered the 10 coins to the Secret Service. In July 2005, the coins were authenticated by the United States
377:
Section 2. All persons are hereby required to deliver on or before May 1, 1933, to a
Federal Reserve bank or a branch or agency thereof or to any member bank of the Federal Reserve System all gold coin, gold bullion, and gold certificates now owned by them or coming into their ownership on or before
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These two coins should have been the only 1933 double eagle coins in existence. However, unknown to the mint, a number of the coins (20 have been recovered so far) were stolen, possibly by the U.S. Mint cashier, and found their way via
Philadelphia jeweler Israel Switt into the hands of collectors.
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released a 20-page decision regarding claims to the coins by descendants of Israel Switt, leading to a trial in July 2011. On July 20, 2011, after a ten-day trial, a jury ruled unanimously in favor of the United States government concerning ownership of the ten additional double eagles. The court
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During the first year of the investigation, seven coins were seized or voluntarily turned in to the Secret
Service and were subsequently destroyed at the Mint; an eighth coin was recovered the following year and met the same fate. In 1945, the investigation identified the alleged thief and his
382:(a) Such amount of gold as may be required for legitimate and customary use in industry, profession or art within a reasonable time, including gold prior to refining and stocks of gold in reasonable amounts for the usual trade requirements of owners mining and refining such gold.
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on their August 21, 2017 visit to the United States
Bullion Depository at Fort Knox. The Freedom of Information Act document released after their visit references the coins as "ten (10) '1933 Double Eagle' gold coins recently returned to the custody of the Mint."
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concluded that circumstantial evidence proved that Israel Switt had illegally obtained the coins from the United States government and that they are thus still government property. The decision was affirmed on August 29, 2012, and the plaintiffs planned to appeal.
650:. They were shown to jurors in Philadelphia during the July 2011 trial, and were then returned to Fort Knox, where they were to remain until a decision was made regarding their disposition. In April 2015, a United States
391:(d) Gold coin and bullion licensed for the other proper transactions (not involving hoarding) including gold coin and gold bullion imported for the re-export or held pending action on applications for export license.
672:, where they heard oral arguments in the ongoing appeal. On August 1, 2016, the judges reversed the previous ruling, finding the coins to be property of the United States government. The Langbords appealed to the
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In August 2005, the United States Mint announced the recovery of ten additional stolen 1933 double eagle gold coins from the family of
Philadelphia jeweler Israel Switt, the illicit coin dealer identified by the
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was issued before
Roosevelt's withdrawal order, so they may be legally owned by private citizens. However, it is estimated that no more than 40 exist, the rest having been melted, making them exceptionally rare.
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385:(b) Gold coin and gold certificates in an amount not exceeding in the aggregate $ 100.00 belonging to any one person; and gold coins having recognized special value to collectors of rare and unusual coins.
412:. The 1933 gold double eagles were struck after this executive order, but because they were no longer legal tender, most of the 1933 gold coins were melted down in late 1934 and some were destroyed in
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the matter was launched by the Secret
Service in March 1944. Prior to the investigation, a Texas dealer sold one of the coins to a foreign buyer, and it left the U.S. on February 29, 1944.
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In 1996, a double eagle surfaced again after over 40 years of obscurity, when
British coin dealer Stephen Fenton was arrested by U.S. Secret Service agents during a
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388:(c) Gold coin and bullion earmarked or held in trust for a recognized foreign government or foreign central bank or the Bank for International Settlements.
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On July 30, 2002, the 1933 double eagle was sold to an anonymous bidder at a Stacks Bowers auction held in New York for $ 6.6 million, plus a 15-percent
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in 1934, which outlawed the circulation and private possession of United States gold coins for general circulation, with an exemption for
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auction scheduled for June 2021. The coin was cataloged as Lot 1 in Sotheby's June 8, 2021 auction, and sold that day for $ 18,872,250.
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530:. Although he initially told investigators he bought the coin over the counter at his shop, he later changed his story. Under sworn
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complaint within 90 days of the family's seized asset claim. This order was reversed on July 28, 2015, and in October 2015, an
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for a single U.S. coin. The coin sold again to an anonymous buyer at auction in June 2021 for US$ 18.9 million, making it the
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accomplice, Switt, who admitted to selling the nine (located) coins, but said he could not recall how he obtained them. The
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1437:"'A high-stakes dispute over ten pieces of gold': Court reclaims priceless Double Eagle coins for U.S. government"
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When the coin was seized, it was transferred to a holding place believed to be safe: the treasury vaults of the
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The 2002 buyer remained anonymous for nearly two decades, until March 2021, when it was revealed in a
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810:"The One That Got Away: In June, the Only 1933 Double Eagle That Can Be Owned Will Be Sold | NGC"
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908:"Stack's Bowers Galleries Sets World Record With Sale Of 1794 Silver Dollar For $ 10,016,875"
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1550:(a fictional story based on the King Farouk–owned 'Double Eagle' coin). Little Brown, 2004
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7.59 million (equivalent to $ 12.2 million as of 2022) —the second-highest price paid at
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at Fort Knox, and the one remaining recovered coin was sold in 2002 to private collector
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is said to investigate reports of the existence of other specimens that come to light.
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According to various accounts, Israel Switt had many contacts and friends within the
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in the United States, and people had to turn in their gold coins for other forms of
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541:. When the court settlement was reached in July 2001, only two months before the
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delayed their efforts for several years. In 1952, King Farouk was deposed in a
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1983:
1492:, produced by Laura Jones (Fulcrum TV), directed by Tilman Remme, 53 min, 2010
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2003:
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The Double Eagle: the history of the $ 20 United States Gold Coin 1849–1933
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Illegal tender: gold, greed, and the mystery of the lost 1933 Double Eagle
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1596:"The Story: The Forbidden Fruit of Coins: The Fabulous 1933 Double Eagle"
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ordered the coins returned to the Langbord family because the original
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was conducted improperly, as the government failed to file a judicial
1169:(Press release). United States Mint. August 11, 2005. Archived from
478:, who was a voracious collector of many things, including imperial
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The coins circulated among collectors for several years before the
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signed legislation that again made it legal for the public to own
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1002:
840:"He Owns World Famous Stamps and a Prized Coin. Now He's Selling"
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1631:
1077:"1933 Double 'Legal'—Barry Berke: The Saints' Biggest Advocate"
342:
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1504:
Double Eagle: the epic story of the world's most valuable coin
956:
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The 1933 double eagles were viewed by U.S. Treasury Secretary
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had passed. A ninth coin was recovered and destroyed in 1952.
29:
506:, and many of his possessions were made available for public
1102:
Farouk-Fenton 1933 Double Eagle Sets New World Record Price!
952:"Rare 'Double Eagle' gold coin sells for a record $ 18.9M"
1003:"PCGS CoinFacts: Your Digital Encyclopedia of U.S. Coins"
890:"$ 10,016,875 in 2013 → 2022 | Inflation Calculator"
545:, the coin was transferred to Fort Knox for safekeeping.
1385:"Court Orders U.S. Mint to Return Famed Coins to Family"
1298:"Family Loses Coins Worth Millions in Dispute With U.S."
872:"$ 7,590,000 in 2002 → 2022 | Inflation Calculator"
638:
On October 28, 2010, United States District Court judge
307:
20-dollar gold coin. Although 445,500 specimens of this
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782:"1933 Double Eagle coin on display at Goldsmiths' Hall"
416:. Two of the $ 20 double eagles were presented by the
1354:"1933 double eagle trial: At long last, a conclusion"
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April 28, 1933, with the exception of the following:
1167:"United States Mint Recovers 10 Famed Double Eagles"
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404:. This act declared that gold coins were no longer
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
498:to request the return of the coin from Egypt, but
275:in flight, backed by rays from the Sun, with motto
1607:"World's most expensive coin displayed in London"
1712:Mrs. Schuyler Van Rensselaer (Mariana Griswold)
1328:"Rare Gold Coins Belong to Mint, Judge Decides"
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27:Twenty-dollar American gold coin minted in 1933
329:The two intentionally spared coins are in the
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8:
1116:"$ 20 coin fetches $ 7.6 million at auction"
132:
2232:America the Beautiful silver bullion coins
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668:session was held with 13 judges from the
646:The ten double eagles were stored at the
470:The missing double eagle was acquired by
424:, and one is currently on display in the
341:(who remained anonymous at the time) for
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1161:
1159:
466:1944 Export and subsequent disappearance
1602:at archive.org), The United States Mint
1567:, an investigation novel involving the
770:
597:, as being genuine 1933 double eagles.
2238:American Liberty high relief gold coin
1839:Saint-Gaudens National Historical Park
1257:"The United States Mint Press Release"
228:, backed by the rays of the Sun, the
7:
2312:Sculptures by Augustus Saint-Gaudens
1768:The Children of Prescott Hall Butler
1573:United States Department of Treasury
1044:Donovan, Karen (December 26, 2006).
804:
802:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
1326:Loftus, Peter (September 6, 2012).
982:National Museum of American History
426:National Museum of American History
422:U.S. National Numismatic Collection
331:U.S. National Numismatic Collection
1784:Abraham Lincoln: The Head of State
623:took the United States off of the
361:In 1933, in an attempt to end the
25:
1490:A la recherche de la pièce perdue
1307:from the original on 22 July 2011
1277:"Trial Likely for Langbord 1933s"
1021:"1933 Saint-Gaudens Double Eagle"
445:tried to prosecute them, but the
428:, in The Value of Money exhibit.
396:Congress additionally passed the
1791:Christopher Lyman Magee Memorial
838:Barron, James (March 10, 2021).
733:
719:
705:
335:United States Bullion Depository
34:
1435:Guarino, Ben (August 2, 2016).
1415:, 3rd Circuit Court of Appeals"
1296:Loftus, Peter (July 21, 2011).
1114:Collins, Glenn (31 July 2002).
232:visible; 46 stars circle design
45:needs additional citations for
1383:Ashby Jones (April 17, 2015).
1352:Roach, Steve (July 21, 2011).
1223:"The Bulletin for August 2009"
670:Third Circuit Court of Appeals
167:34.1 mm (1.34252 in)
1:
2332:Currencies introduced in 1933
1520:. New York: Free Press, 2004
1232:. August 2009. Archived from
1075:Worden, Leon (January 2006).
950:Holland, Oscar (2021-06-09).
373:, which provisions included:
351:most expensive coin ever sold
333:, ten others are held in the
175:2.0 mm (0.07874 in)
1911:Coinage of the United States
759:List of most expensive coins
648:Fort Knox Bullion Depository
619:Until the early 1970s (when
593:Mint after working with the
324:United States Secret Service
318:in 1933 in the midst of the
2322:Goddess of Liberty on coins
1740:General John Logan Memorial
1532:"Curse of the Double Eagle"
690:and Senate Majority Leader
583:Discovery of ten more coins
2358:
1861:National Sculpture Society
1813:Saint-Gaudens double eagle
1688:Robert Gould Shaw Memorial
676:, which on April 17, 2017
543:Trade Center was destroyed
183:Lettered – E Pluribus Unum
2307:1933 in the United States
1761:Henry W. Maxwell Memorial
1506:. New York: Norton, 2006
363:1930s general bank crisis
259:
208:
137:
2327:1933 in economic history
2317:United States gold coins
1748:William Tecumseh Sherman
1696:Abraham Lincoln: The Man
1681:Statue of David Farragut
571:article to be collector
1733:James Garfield Memorial
1413:Langbord v. US Treasury
1138:"The 1933 Double Eagle"
933:"The 1933 Double Eagle"
595:Smithsonian Institution
1868:Augustus Saint-Gaudens
1659:Augustus Saint-Gaudens
1197:"Double Eagle Trouble"
452:In contrast, the 1933
447:statute of limitations
394:
284:Augustus Saint-Gaudens
241:Augustus Saint-Gaudens
133:Double eagle ($ 20.00)
1486:Hunt for Double Eagle
1364:on September 25, 2011
894:www.in2013dollars.com
876:www.in2013dollars.com
652:federal appeals court
524:Waldorf-Astoria Hotel
367:Franklin D. Roosevelt
2281:(1976, 1992–present)
1230:North York Coin Club
1050:Trusts & Estates
978:"The Value of Money"
765:Notes and references
741:United States portal
611:Coin experts in the
371:Executive Order 6102
224:holding a torch and
191:90% gold, 10% copper
54:improve this article
2220:First Spouse (gold)
1850:Louis Saint-Gaudens
1844:Homer Saint-Gaudens
1823:American Gold Eagle
1389:Wall Street Journal
1332:Wall Street Journal
1301:Wall Street Journal
1104:, Gold Rush Gallery
1056:on 24 December 2010
496:diplomatic channels
134:
69:"1933 double eagle"
1856:Cornish Art Colony
1488:, French version:
1441:washingtonpost.com
1409:Hardiman, Thomas.
1282:2010-11-19 at the
1263:2011-10-30 at the
1203:2012-02-25 at the
1173:on August 21, 2012
844:The New York Times
749:1974 aluminum cent
727:Numismatics portal
674:U.S. Supreme Court
539:World Trade Center
443:Justice Department
418:United States Mint
2294:
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2222:(2007–2016; 2020)
1877:
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1818:1933 double eagle
1808:Indian Head eagle
1556:978-0-7515-4284-4
1455:"Knox production"
1286:, numismaster.com
1118:. Chicago Tribune
1046:"Buried Treasure"
754:Eagle (U.S. coin)
602:Philadelphia Mint
514:1996 Reappearance
365:, U.S. president
301:1933 double eagle
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18:1933 Double Eagle
16:(Redirected from
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2267:Special Mint Set
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1502:Alison Frankel,
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640:Legrome D. Davis
398:Gold Reserve Act
320:Great Depression
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1984:1¢ (large size)
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1615:. March 2, 2012
1605:
1598:(archived from
1586:
1544:Linda Fairstein
1530:Bryan Christy,
1499:
1497:Further reading
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621:President Nixon
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402:collector coins
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2240:(2015–present)
2235:
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2223:
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2216:(2006–present)
2211:
2210:(1997–present)
2208:Platinum Eagle
2205:
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2199:
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1584:External links
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629:President Ford
590:Secret Service
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625:gold standard
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606:George McCann
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159:33.431 g
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139:United States
136:
124:
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113:
102:
99:
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2342:Sun on coins
2285:Prestige Set
2273:Souvenir Set
2248:Special sets
2214:Gold Buffalo
2196:Silver Eagle
1867:
1817:
1782:
1774:
1766:
1752:
1746:
1738:
1724:
1710:
1702:
1694:
1686:
1672:
1617:. Retrieved
1610:
1600:the original
1564:
1547:
1540:, April 2004
1535:
1517:
1503:
1489:
1485:
1465:. Retrieved
1461:
1449:
1440:
1430:
1420:November 20,
1418:. Retrieved
1412:
1404:
1392:. Retrieved
1388:
1378:
1366:. Retrieved
1362:the original
1357:
1347:
1337:September 7,
1335:. Retrieved
1331:
1321:
1309:. Retrieved
1300:
1291:
1272:
1252:
1241:. Retrieved
1234:the original
1229:
1217:
1209:ANS Magazine
1207:
1175:. Retrieved
1171:the original
1146:. Retrieved
1141:
1132:
1120:. Retrieved
1109:
1097:
1085:. Retrieved
1080:
1070:
1058:. Retrieved
1054:the original
1049:
1039:
1028:. Retrieved
1024:
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1006:
997:
986:. Retrieved
984:. 2014-05-13
981:
972:
961:. Retrieved
955:
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915:. Retrieved
911:
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855:. Retrieved
843:
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813:
790:. Retrieved
788:. 2012-03-02
785:
713:Money portal
685:
679:
663:
645:
637:
633:gold bullion
618:
610:
599:
586:
566:
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500:World War II
488:paperweights
480:Fabergé eggs
469:
451:
439:
430:
406:legal tender
395:
376:
360:
328:
312:double eagle
300:
298:
230:U.S. Capitol
226:olive branch
150:U.S. dollars
116:
110:October 2023
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2287:(1983–1997)
2275:(1972–1998)
2269:(1964–1967)
2234:(2010–2021)
2080:3¢ (bronze)
2057:2¢ (billon)
2004:5¢ (silver)
1999:3¢ (nickel)
1994:3¢ (silver)
1919:Circulating
1704:The Puritan
1677:(1872–1874)
1619:December 7,
1480:Documentary
1462:cdn.cnn.com
912:PR Newswire
504:coup d'etat
472:King Farouk
290:Design date
247:Design date
188:Composition
2301:Categories
2202:Gold Eagle
2014:$ 1 (gold)
1666:Sculptures
1358:Coin World
1243:2017-07-17
1087:26 January
1060:26 January
1030:2021-05-25
988:2023-03-03
963:2023-10-10
857:2021-03-10
819:2022-12-11
792:2023-11-07
680:certiorari
613:numismatic
482:, antique
357:Production
273:Bald eagle
80:newspapers
2255:Proof Set
1852:(brother)
1577:Fort Knox
1548:The Kills
1394:April 20,
1142:Sotheby's
937:Sotheby's
852:0362-4331
577:Sotheby's
561:2021 sale
549:2002 sale
532:testimony
486:bottles,
172:Thickness
2261:Mint Set
2049:Canceled
1962:Obsolete
1674:Hiawatha
1612:BBC News
1467:15 April
1368:July 23,
1311:July 23,
1305:Archived
1280:Archived
1261:Archived
1201:Archived
1177:July 23,
786:BBC News
699:See also
528:New York
410:currency
280:Designer
237:Designer
164:Diameter
148:$ 20.00
2188:Bullion
2070:⁄
1974:⁄
1832:Related
1754:Victory
1537:Playboy
1267:US Mint
1148:June 8,
1083:: 46–48
1081:COINage
678:denied
665:en banc
522:at the
508:auction
484:aspirin
420:to the
369:issued
347:auction
255:Reverse
222:Liberty
204:Obverse
94:scholar
1793:(1908)
1787:(1908)
1771:(1907)
1763:(1903)
1757:(1902)
1743:(1897)
1735:(1896)
1729:(1893)
1721:(1891)
1715:(1890)
1707:(1887)
1699:(1887)
1691:(1884)
1683:(1881)
1579:, etc.
1554:
1524:
1510:
1212:, 2002
1122:14 May
917:1 June
850:
316:minted
269:Design
218:Design
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2178:2020s
2173:2010s
2168:2000s
2163:1990s
2158:1980s
2153:1970s
2148:1950s
2143:1940s
2138:1930s
2133:1920s
2128:1910s
2123:1900s
2118:1800s
2100:$ 100
2019:$ 2.5
1846:(son)
1801:Coins
1726:Diana
1458:(PDF)
1237:(PDF)
1226:(PDF)
476:Egypt
454:Eagle
414:tests
314:were
303:is a
145:Value
101:JSTOR
87:books
2095:$ 50
2039:$ 20
2034:$ 10
1751:and
1621:2017
1552:ISBN
1522:ISBN
1508:ISBN
1469:2023
1422:2016
1396:2015
1370:2011
1339:2012
1313:2011
1179:2011
1150:2021
1124:2020
1089:2011
1062:2011
1007:PCGS
919:2020
848:ISSN
627:and
343:US$
299:The
293:1907
250:1907
199:1933
180:Edge
156:Mass
73:news
2090:$ 4
2085:$ 2
2029:$ 5
2024:$ 3
2009:20¢
1952:$ 1
1947:50¢
1942:25¢
1937:10¢
1866:SS
1569:FBI
957:CNN
526:in
474:of
56:by
2303::
1989:2¢
1932:5¢
1927:1¢
1609:.
1575:,
1571:,
1563:,
1546:,
1534:,
1460:.
1439:.
1387:.
1356:.
1330:.
1303:.
1259:,
1228:.
1199:,
1187:^
1158:^
1140:.
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1005:.
980:.
954:.
935:.
910:.
892:.
874:.
846:.
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490:,
353:.
2075:¢
2072:2
2068:1
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2063:2
1979:¢
1976:2
1972:1
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1889:v
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1644:t
1637:v
1623:.
1471:.
1443:.
1424:.
1398:.
1372:.
1341:.
1315:.
1246:.
1181:.
1152:.
1126:.
1091:.
1064:.
1033:.
1009:.
991:.
966:.
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921:.
896:.
878:.
860:.
822:.
795:.
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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