326:
25:
109:
102:
993:
95:
265:
254:
201:
193:
209:
392:
that resulted in a parliament in which the
Communist-dominated Bloc of Democratic Parties won over four-fifths of the seats (over 91 percent counting the BPD's allies). The election was far from free; Communist unions hindered delivery of opposition newspapers, and Communist operatives harassed
433:
to ensure that the Social
Democrats complied with the new order. The Social Democrats were gradually pushed out altogether, leaving the PMR as the PCR under a new name. At the same time, the National Democratic Front, an electoral alliance dominated by the PMR, was reorganized as the People's
396:
Over the next two years, the
Communists, with Groza's help, consolidated their hold on the country. The turning point came in the second half of 1947, when the government initiated a campaign of harsh repression against the remaining opposition parties. The
368:. Within the Front, the PMR and its allies won a total of 201 seats, seven short of a majority in its own right. Rump liberal and peasant parties appeared on the ballot, between them receiving 3.5 percent of the vote and winning nine seats.
428:
A month before the elections, the
Communists and part of the Social Democrats merged to form the Romanian Workers' Party (PMR). However, Communists retained key posts in the merged party, and used the principle of
63:
365:
421:
confronted
Michael and forced his abdication. Michael and his personal counselor would later claim this was done with the help of a detachment of troops from the pro-Communist
708:. Soon afterwards, all parties outside the FDP ceased to exist, though Romania had effectively been a single-party state since the monarchy was abolished in December 1947.
704:. While all power was nominally derived from the will of the people through the GNA, in practice power was exercised by the PMR, which itself was closely supervised by the
1882:
1867:
388:
had warned the king that he would be placing
Romania's very existence at risk unless he complied. The following year, Groza's pro-Communist government oversaw an
1877:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
981:
1913:
959:
569:
144:
935:
1872:
1847:
1887:
1862:
1857:
1837:
1827:
587:
149:
1796:
725:
475:
402:
357:
302:
283:
159:
1842:
1762:
914:
760:
1923:
1313:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
49:
885:
1373:
1367:
1362:
1357:
802:
785:
1928:
1743:
1918:
1852:
1786:
1688:
868:
1709:
974:
512:
1738:
438:" in the emerging Soviet bloc. The front's minor parties became completely subservient to the PMR, and had to accept the PMR's "
1832:
939:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1112:
1032:
1027:
1017:
389:
39:
1811:
1806:
1791:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1102:
1097:
1753:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1507:
1502:
1037:
1022:
342:
701:
425:. Hours later, the Communist-dominated parliament abolished the monarchy and proclaimed Romania a "people's republic".
1801:
1748:
967:
549:
422:
325:
524:
398:
1122:
1117:
1107:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1067:
1062:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1643:
1587:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1072:
1057:
381:
1892:
536:
482:
361:
442:" as a condition of their continued existence. Despite this, Groza, leader of one of those minor parties, the
414:
418:
1009:
430:
405:, the two largest opposition parties, were dissolved by the government. The National Peasants' leaders,
1324:
997:
500:
443:
350:
346:
312:
294:
139:
1654:
700:
A month after the elections, the parliament, now a pliant rubber stamp of the communists, adopted
889:
756:
330:
872:
385:
417:, and were both sentenced to life imprisonment. On 30 December, Groza and Communist leader
108:
919:
129:
439:
101:
1907:
748:
435:
410:
406:
377:
308:
290:
124:
119:
94:
1384:
951:
854:
843:
799:
782:
434:
Democratic Front. The Front rapidly took on a character similar to other "
940:
site dedicated to HM King Mihai I of
Romania and to the Romanian Monarchy
1001:
992:
869:"King Michael between the ascension to the throne and abdication – VII"
705:
413:, were tried on charges of plotting to overthrow the government in the
338:
364:(PMR) received 93.2% of the vote and won 405 of the 414 seats in the
333:, official government gazette, having a Democratic People's Front ad
376:
In 1945, the Soviet Union all but forced King
Michael to appoint
902:
963:
345:; the communist-dominated parliament had declared Romania a
356:
With all meaningful opposition having been eliminated, the
341:
on 28 March 1948. They were the first elections held under
795:
793:
1820:
1698:
1653:
1383:
1323:
1008:
60:
278:
901:, undated interview with H.M. King Michael in
975:
8:
16:
982:
968:
960:
783:Romania: Elimination of Opposition Parties
453:
15:
936:Mircea Ionnitiu : "30 December 1947"
353:was forced to abdicate in December 1947.
324:
830:
828:
741:
717:
687:
674:
661:
648:
635:
631:
617:
675:
662:
649:
636:
458:
337:Parliamentary elections were held in
7:
778:
776:
774:
772:
770:
768:
753:Elections in Europe: A data handbook
17:1948 Romanian parliamentary election
834:Cristian Preda - "Rumânii fericiţi"
803:Library of Congress Country Studies
786:Library of Congress Country Studies
74:
1914:Parliamentary elections in Romania
855:Romania: Petru Groza's Premiership
689:Source: Nohlen & Stöver, Preda
360:(FDP), dominated by the communist
14:
844:Romania: Postwar Romania, 1944-85
991:
264:
263:
253:
252:
207:
200:
199:
192:
191:
107:
100:
93:
23:
67:208 seats needed for a majority
208:
1:
888:(in Romanian). Archived from
952:Romania: The Communist Party
800:Romania: Three Constitutions
570:National Liberal Party–Bejan
1924:March 1948 events in Europe
550:Jewish Democratic Committee
446:, remained prime minister.
423:Tudor Vladimirescu Division
1945:
822:Nohlen & Stöver, p1610
813:Nohlen & Stöver, p1604
726:Bloc of Democratic Parties
588:Democratic Peasants' Party
1929:1948 elections in Romania
998:Elections and referendums
688:
676:Registered voters/turnout
632:
618:
604:
586:
568:
558:
489:
486:
476:People's Democratic Front
474:
472:
467:
464:
461:
358:People's Democratic Front
276:
71:
33:
21:
1919:1948 elections in Europe
525:Hungarian People's Union
399:National Peasants' Party
1010:Parliamentary elections
905:, as of 15 October 2008
751:& Stöver, P (2010)
366:Great National Assembly
64:Great National Assembly
1325:Presidential elections
728:in the 1946 elections.
513:National Popular Party
483:Romanian Workers Party
419:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
403:National Liberal Party
362:Romanian Workers Party
334:
942:as of 15 October 2008
431:democratic centralism
393:opposition workers.
328:
62:All 414 seats in the
650:Invalid/blank votes
455:
18:
1655:European elections
702:a new constitution
454:
384:. Soviet emissary
335:
217:Popular vote
1901:
1900:
923:, 12 January 1948
761:978-3-8329-5609-7
693:
692:
501:Ploughmen's Front
459:Party or alliance
444:Ploughmen's Front
347:people's republic
331:Monitorul Oficial
323:
322:
319:
318:
272:
271:
188:Seat change
56:
55:
1936:
996:
995:
984:
977:
970:
961:
954:
949:
943:
934:
930:
924:
912:
906:
900:
898:
897:
882:
876:
873:Ziarul financiar
867:
863:
857:
852:
846:
841:
835:
832:
823:
820:
814:
811:
805:
797:
788:
780:
763:
746:
729:
724:Was part of the
722:
456:
386:Andrei Vyshinsky
279:
267:
266:
256:
255:
211:
210:
203:
202:
195:
194:
111:
104:
97:
73:
72:
35:
34:
28:
27:
26:
19:
1944:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1897:
1816:
1699:Other elections
1694:
1649:
1385:Local elections
1379:
1319:
1004:
990:
988:
958:
957:
950:
946:
932:
931:
927:
913:
909:
895:
893:
884:
883:
879:
865:
864:
860:
853:
849:
842:
838:
833:
826:
821:
817:
812:
808:
798:
791:
781:
766:
747:
743:
738:
733:
732:
723:
719:
714:
698:
452:
436:national fronts
374:
311:
306:
293:
288:
286:before election
277:
172:Seats won
66:
61:
29:
24:
22:
12:
11:
5:
1942:
1940:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1906:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1765:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1712:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1659:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1389:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1329:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1110:
1105:
1100:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1014:
1012:
1006:
1005:
989:
987:
986:
979:
972:
964:
956:
955:
944:
925:
907:
877:
875:, 24 June 2001
858:
847:
836:
824:
815:
806:
789:
764:
740:
739:
737:
734:
731:
730:
716:
715:
713:
710:
697:
694:
691:
690:
686:
685:
683:
680:
677:
673:
672:
670:
667:
664:
660:
659:
657:
654:
651:
647:
646:
644:
641:
638:
634:
633:
630:
629:
626:
623:
620:
616:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
599:
596:
593:
590:
585:
582:
581:
578:
575:
572:
567:
564:
563:
560:
556:
555:
552:
547:
544:
543:
540:
534:
531:
530:
527:
522:
519:
518:
515:
510:
507:
506:
503:
498:
495:
494:
491:
488:
485:
480:
478:
473:
470:
469:
466:
463:
460:
451:
448:
415:Tămădău Affair
382:Prime Minister
373:
370:
343:communist rule
329:First page of
321:
320:
317:
316:
303:Prime Minister
298:
284:Prime Minister
274:
273:
270:
269:
261:
258:
250:
246:
245:
242:
239:
234:
230:
229:
226:
223:
218:
214:
213:
205:
197:
189:
185:
184:
181:
178:
173:
169:
168:
165:
162:
157:
153:
152:
147:
142:
137:
133:
132:
127:
122:
117:
113:
112:
105:
98:
91:
87:
86:
83:
80:
77:
69:
68:
58:
57:
54:
53:
47:
42:
31:
30:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1941:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
994:
985:
980:
978:
973:
971:
966:
965:
962:
953:
948:
945:
941:
937:
933:(in Romanian)
929:
926:
922:
921:
916:
915:"Compression"
911:
908:
904:
892:on 2009-10-27
891:
887:
881:
878:
874:
870:
866:(in Romanian)
862:
859:
856:
851:
848:
845:
840:
837:
831:
829:
825:
819:
816:
810:
807:
804:
801:
796:
794:
790:
787:
784:
779:
777:
775:
773:
771:
769:
765:
762:
758:
754:
750:
745:
742:
735:
727:
721:
718:
711:
709:
707:
703:
695:
684:
681:
678:
671:
668:
665:
658:
655:
652:
645:
642:
639:
627:
624:
621:
613:
610:
607:
602:
601:
597:
594:
591:
589:
584:
583:
579:
576:
573:
571:
566:
565:
561:
557:
553:
551:
548:
546:
545:
541:
538:
535:
533:
532:
528:
526:
523:
521:
520:
516:
514:
511:
509:
508:
504:
502:
499:
497:
496:
492:
484:
481:
479:
477:
471:
457:
449:
447:
445:
441:
437:
432:
426:
424:
420:
416:
412:
411:Ion Mihalache
408:
404:
400:
394:
391:
387:
383:
379:
371:
369:
367:
363:
359:
354:
352:
348:
344:
340:
332:
327:
315:
314:
310:
305:
304:
299:
297:
296:
292:
287:
285:
281:
280:
275:
262:
259:
251:
248:
247:
243:
240:
238:
235:
232:
231:
227:
224:
222:
219:
216:
215:
206:
198:
190:
187:
186:
182:
179:
177:
174:
171:
170:
166:
163:
161:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
138:
135:
134:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
118:
115:
114:
110:
106:
103:
99:
96:
92:
89:
88:
84:
82:Second party
81:
78:
75:
70:
65:
59:
52: →
51:
48:
46:
45:28 March 1948
43:
41:
38:←
37:
36:
32:
20:
1767:
1759:Transylvania
1758:
1714:
1705:
1687:
1642:
1372:
1312:
1222:
947:
928:
918:
910:
894:. Retrieved
890:the original
886:"Dezvaluiri"
880:
861:
850:
839:
818:
809:
752:
744:
720:
699:
605:Independents
440:leading role
427:
395:
375:
355:
351:King Michael
336:
307:
300:
289:
282:
236:
220:
175:
130:Nicolae Lupu
85:Third party
79:First party
44:
1821:Referendums
663:Total votes
637:Valid votes
407:Iuliu Maniu
378:Petru Groza
309:Petru Groza
291:Petru Groza
233:Percentage
125:Petre Bejan
120:Petru Groza
1908:Categories
1873:2007 (Nov)
1868:2007 (May)
1848:1941 (Nov)
1843:1941 (Mar)
1744:1857 (Sep)
1739:1857 (Jul)
1706:Bessarabia
1103:1888 (Oct)
1098:1888 (Jan)
1028:1866 (Nov)
1023:1866 (Apr)
896:2016-10-03
736:References
539:affiliates
372:Background
1768:Wallachia
749:Nohlen, D
696:Aftermath
679:8,399,416
666:7,661,031
640:7,468,541
622:7,468,541
487:6,959,936
221:6,959,936
156:Alliance
145:PNL–Bejan
1715:Moldavia
755:, p1591
390:election
301:Elected
257:23.42pp
225:212,438
150:PȚD–Lupu
1002:Romania
706:Kremlin
653:192,490
608:245,635
574:212,438
450:Results
339:Romania
268:1.68pp
228:50,532
116:Leader
90:
76:
759:
669:100.00
625:100.00
592:50,532
349:after
249:Swing
244:0.68%
241:2.84%
237:93.19%
136:Party
712:Notes
682:91.21
643:97.49
619:Total
559:Total
490:93.19
468:Seats
462:Votes
1893:2019
1888:2018
1883:2012
1878:2009
1863:2003
1858:1991
1853:1986
1838:1938
1833:1866
1828:1864
1812:1861
1807:1860
1802:1859
1797:1857
1792:1846
1787:1842
1782:1841
1777:1836
1772:1831
1763:1918
1754:1860
1749:1858
1734:1847
1729:1842
1724:1837
1719:1832
1710:1917
1689:2029
1683:2024
1678:2019
1673:2014
1668:2009
1663:2007
1644:2028
1638:2024
1633:2020
1628:2016
1623:2012
1618:2008
1613:2004
1608:2000
1603:1996
1598:1992
1593:1987
1588:1985
1583:1982
1578:1980
1573:1977
1568:1975
1563:1969
1558:1967
1553:1965
1548:1963
1543:1961
1538:1958
1533:1956
1528:1953
1523:1950
1518:1938
1513:1937
1508:1936
1503:1930
1498:1926
1493:1914
1488:1912
1483:1911
1478:1907
1473:1905
1468:1901
1463:1899
1458:1895
1453:1891
1448:1890
1443:1888
1438:1884
1433:1883
1428:1879
1423:1876
1418:1874
1413:1871
1408:1870
1403:1869
1398:1866
1393:1864
1374:2024
1368:2019
1363:2014
1358:2009
1353:2004
1348:2000
1343:1996
1338:1992
1333:1990
1314:2024
1308:2020
1303:2016
1298:2012
1293:2008
1288:2004
1283:2000
1278:1996
1273:1992
1268:1990
1263:1985
1258:1980
1253:1975
1248:1969
1243:1965
1238:1961
1233:1957
1228:1952
1223:1948
1218:1946
1213:1939
1208:1937
1203:1933
1198:1932
1193:1931
1188:1928
1183:1927
1178:1926
1173:1922
1168:1920
1163:1919
1158:1918
1153:1914
1148:1912
1143:1911
1138:1907
1133:1905
1128:1901
1123:1899
1118:1895
1113:1892
1108:1891
1093:1884
1088:1883
1083:1879
1078:1878
1073:1877
1068:1876
1063:1875
1058:1874
1053:1871
1048:1870
1043:1869
1038:1868
1033:1867
1018:1864
920:Time
903:Ziua
757:ISBN
656:2.51
611:3.29
595:0.68
577:2.84
409:and
401:and
260:N/A
196:133
50:1952
40:1946
1000:in
628:414
562:405
537:PMR
505:126
493:190
380:as
204:68
176:405
160:FDP
1910::
1770::
1761::
1717::
1708::
938:,
917:,
871:,
827:^
792:^
767:^
542:11
529:30
517:43
313:FP
295:FP
212:0
183:2
180:7
167:–
164:–
140:FP
983:e
976:t
969:v
899:.
614:0
598:2
580:7
554:5
465:%
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