407:'s government faced instability due to internal conflict amongst coalition partners and international pressures, as well as issues with corruption, and failure to pass legislation. Discontent with the government was growing, and 40% of people agreed that "the major problems facing the state and the entire political system must be changed and a strong government of leaders and independent of parties should take control".
1268:
Alignment was also seen as self-interested by rather than interested in the good of the people, as well as corrupt. Likud, meanwhile, was seen as slightly stronger (50% as compared with the
Alignment's 44%), more honest (57%), and more concerned with the fate of the citizens than that of the party (45%). Likud was able to benefit from having only been created 8 years prior, giving it an image of newness and innocence.
1478:
38:
2599:
91:
1256:, Likud's most popular candidate, served as a strong factor for the party's resurgence. 41% of the adult Jews responded in favor of seeing Begin as prime minister, with 49% saying Begin would better be able to deal with the country's problems. The Alignment, whose announcement of potential major ministerial appointments failed to include
1267:
Public perception of the parties became instrumental in the elections; throughout the campaign the
Alignment was seen and painted as the establishment party, considered by 48% of Israeli citizens surveyed to be more old-fashioned, despite its opposition to the government for the four years prior. The
1249:
moral issues in favor of spreading wider nets to catch a bigger range of voters. Rather than focusing on controversial issues that divided them, parties took to forming clusters that resorted to "emotive catchwords" and the lowest common denominator. The party clusters had set aside fundamental
1441:
vote lost to Likud. The likelihood of
Sephardim voting for Likud and Ashkenazim voting for the Alignment was more pronounced than ever before. However, Likud enjoyed the advantage of still being able to appeal to a significant number of Ashkenazi voters, while also maintaining their Sephardi
1450:
Police noted before election day that "there hasn't been an election campaign in Israel as violent as the present one". A reason for the violence may have been that this was the first elections in which the public believed both sides had a chance of winning, causing unrest and agitation.
1467:
to increase popularity with policy implementation. The party implemented tax programs that lowered prices for consumers, subsidized oil products at a higher rate than ever before, and used foreign policy that made the
Alignment seem unpatriotic if they argued against the moves.
1462:
attribute the Likud's comeback, from its lowest point six months prior to the 1981 legislative election, to five main factors: incumbency, candidates, images, campaigns, violence, and ethnicity. Likud's role as the ruling party enabled the party to use its
395:, in line with many polls which had predicted a tight race. Voter turnout was 78.5%, with Likud receiving around ten thousand more than the Alignment. This elections highlighted the polarization in the country.
1432:
The 1981 elections also saw a rise in the use of ethnic ideas within the political discourse. While Likud and the
Alignment were both led by Ashkenazi politicians, the Alignment was considered the party of the
2482:
Hanna Herzog, 'The Ethnic Lists to the
Delegates' Assembly and the Knesset (1920 1977) Ethnic Political Identity?' Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Tel-Aviv University, 1981.
2624:
2284:
2749:
2587:
2644:
2272:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2619:
2923:
2799:
2744:
1777:
931:
2264:
2565:
416:
2928:
2918:
2913:
2770:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2684:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2454:
62:
52:
2263:
left the
National Religious Party and sat as an independent MK, whilst two other MKs left the National Religious Party and formed
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2933:
2580:
2245:
2253:
552:
2408:
Hasin, E. (1981). Survey conducted by M. Zemach. January 1981, quoted in "The
Israeli Democracy: The Beginning of the End?"
2794:
2789:
2714:
2709:
1735:
1145:
1651:
839:
556:
277:
1230:
2809:
2573:
1979:
676:
1246:
2781:
2229:
1546:
709:
347:
170:
2268:
1756:
1015:
2237:
1859:
1693:
1630:
1187:
1099:
1062:
813:
802:
639:
319:
256:
2535:
Lehman-Wilzig, Sam (1983). "Thunder Before The Storm: Pre-Election
Agitation And Post-Election Turmoil".
2378:
Mendilow, Jonathan (1983). "Party
Clustering in Multi-Party Systems: The Example of Israel (1965-1981)".
1714:
1057:
197:
2207:
2553:
1958:
1464:
1250:
ideals in order to work together, which meant that infighting amongst the coalitions was inevitable.
1031:
947:
2603:
1798:
1260:, left the impression of a power-hungry group of politicians, with animosity between party leaders
1020:
973:
890:
469:
2391:
1525:
506:
392:
149:
2313:
1899:
1442:
popularity; in contrast, the Alignment was seen as even less Sephardi than in previous years.
1234:
714:
261:
2504:
2383:
1104:
901:
886:
616:
511:
303:
240:
95:
2559:
2344:
2462:
2305:
2249:
2233:
2225:
1567:
1434:
1253:
1161:
1119:
797:
480:
404:
367:
358:
324:
191:
133:
2907:
2508:
1438:
1257:
1073:
653:
515:
17:
1237:. This led to numerous parties winning seats and multi-party government coalitions.
2495:
Shamir, Michal; Arian, Asher (1982). "The ethnic vote in Israel's 1981 elections".
2260:
2057:
1477:
1261:
686:
649:
572:
526:
154:
1819:
1459:
1227:
989:
905:
855:
771:
423:
282:
219:
1150:
1108:
725:
681:
644:
607:
561:
175:
2317:
978:
760:
756:
936:
844:
611:
2611:
2395:
2259:
During the Knesset term, two MKs defected from Likud to the Alignment.
76:
2598:
2241:
1672:
1609:
1588:
881:
751:
602:
598:
384:
298:
235:
214:
37:
2387:
422:
The table below lists the parliamentary factions represented in the
1504:
464:
388:
371:
362:
341:
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
128:
2569:
2275:, whilst Ratz joined the Alignment but then broke away again.
2345:"Factional and Government Make-Up of the Tenth Knesset"
121:
2560:
Factional and Government Make-Up of the Tenth Knesset
2421:
Survey by Dahaf Research Institute, June 1981, N=1237
1245:
Since 1965 parties had begun abandoning attempts to
2808:
2780:
2610:
2267:before returning two weeks later. Telem split into
352:
84:
2256:in October 1983, with the same coalition parties.
2521:Salpeter, Eliahu. " A Scary Face in the Mirror."
2581:
1226:The 120 seats in the Knesset were elected by
113:
8:
2285:1980 Israeli Labor Party leadership election
29:
2459:Israel Institute of Applied Social Research
2380:American Journal of Political Science XXVII
2248:. After Begin resigned for health reasons,
2236:, the Movement for the Heritage of Israel (
2588:
2574:
2566:
2273:Movement for the Renewal of Social Zionism
1470:
343:
103:
28:
2554:Historical overview of the Tenth Knesset
1270:
428:
2296:
2204:
2191:
2178:
2165:
2152:
2148:
2131:
391:won one more seat than the opposition
2490:
2488:
2306:"Labour leads on eve of Israeli poll"
2224:Menachim Begin (of the Likud) became
2192:
2179:
2166:
2153:
1484:
431:
7:
2442:. Ramot Publishing Co. pp. 1โ5.
2433:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2373:
2371:
2369:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2333:
417:List of political parties in Israel
415:For a more comprehensive list, see
1377:Worries about itself/the citizens
599:Movement for Change and Initiative
25:
2265:Gesher โ Zionist Religious Centre
1274:Public perception of the parties
1233:, with seats allocated using the
105:
30:1981 Israeli legislative election
2597:
2228:and in August 1981 included the
2116:InitiativeโIndependents Movement
1476:
90:
89:
36:
2924:Legislative elections in Israel
383:Knesset elections were held in
2455:"Israeli Election Study, 1981"
2362:. Israel: Ramot Publishing Co.
2097:Council to Rescue the Homeland
553:Democratic Movement for Change
80:61 seats needed for a majority
1:
2537:The Elections in Israel, 1983
2440:The Elections in Israel, 1981
2360:The Elections in Israel, 1981
2244:in his coalition to form the
2509:10.1016/0261-3794(82)90221-9
387:on 30 June 1981. The ruling
2453:Arian, Asher (April 1981).
2304:Silver, Eric (1981-06-30).
1335:Middle class/working class
1231:proportional representation
2950:
1417:
1404:
1391:Inexperienced/experienced
1390:
1376:
1362:
1348:
1334:
1321:Old-fashioned/progressive
1320:
1306:
1292:
414:
2205:
2201:
2193:Registered voters/turnout
2188:
2175:
2162:
2149:
2132:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1475:
1273:
1155:
1113:
1067:
1025:
983:
941:
895:
849:
807:
765:
719:
576:
566:
565:
520:
484:
474:
446:
443:
440:
437:
434:
346:
318:
297:
276:
255:
234:
213:
190:
169:
148:
127:
102:
73:
46:
34:
2929:June 1981 events in Asia
2919:1981 in Israeli politics
2914:1981 elections in Israel
2230:National Religious Party
1547:National Religious Party
403:Prior to the elections,
1418:Cannot/can be believed
2934:1981 elections in Asia
1063:Religious conservatism
814:Yehuda Meir Abramowicz
803:Religious conservatism
2438:Arian, Asher (1983).
2358:Arian, Asher (1983).
2246:nineteenth government
1820:Arab Brotherhood List
1778:Development and Peace
1715:Poalei Agudat Yisrael
1058:Poalei Agudat Yisrael
198:Avraham Yosef Shapira
75:All 120 seats in the
18:1981 Knesset election
2254:twentieth government
1736:Independent Liberals
1465:incumbency advantage
1146:Independent Liberals
1032:Seif el-Din el-Zoubi
948:Shmuel Flatto-Sharon
353:Prime Minister after
2604:Elections in Israel
2525:19 June 1981, p.14.
2167:Invalid/blank votes
1920:Arab Citizens' List
1799:Left Camp of Israel
1472:
1363:Sephardi/Ashkenazi
1021:Arab satellite list
891:Revisionist Zionism
557:Democratic Movement
470:National liberalism
411:Parliament factions
31:
2038:Abolish Income Tax
1471:
2901:
2900:
2782:Prime ministerial
2497:Electoral Studies
2217:
2216:
1430:
1429:
1219:
1218:
715:Religious Zionism
381:
380:
377:
376:
339:
338:
262:Aharon Abuhatzira
69:
68:
16:(Redirected from
2941:
2602:
2601:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2567:
2541:
2540:
2532:
2526:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2492:
2483:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2471:
2470:
2461:. Archived from
2450:
2444:
2443:
2435:
2422:
2419:
2413:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2375:
2364:
2363:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2341:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2301:
1939:Pensioners' List
1757:United Arab List
1480:
1473:
1271:
1222:Electoral system
1214:
1207:
1179:
1172:
1157:
1137:
1130:
1115:
1105:Social democracy
1091:
1084:
1069:
1049:
1042:
1027:
1016:United Arab List
1007:
1000:
985:
965:
958:
943:
923:
916:
897:
887:Ultranationalism
873:
866:
851:
831:
824:
809:
789:
782:
767:
743:
736:
721:
701:
694:
668:
661:
631:
624:
617:Amnon Rubinstein
590:
583:
568:
544:
537:
522:
512:Social democracy
498:
491:
476:
429:
344:
304:Amnon Rubinstein
200:
123:
115:
104:
93:
92:
48:
47:
41:
40:
32:
21:
2949:
2948:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2804:
2776:
2606:
2596:
2594:
2562:Knesset website
2556:Knesset website
2550:
2545:
2544:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2520:
2516:
2494:
2493:
2486:
2481:
2477:
2468:
2466:
2452:
2451:
2447:
2437:
2436:
2425:
2420:
2416:
2407:
2403:
2388:10.2307/2111053
2377:
2376:
2367:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2343:
2342:
2331:
2322:
2320:
2303:
2302:
2298:
2293:
2281:
2222:
1840:List for Aliyah
1457:
1448:
1405:Honest/corrupt
1279:Characteristic
1243:
1224:
1215:
1212:
1208:
1205:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1170:
1138:
1135:
1131:
1128:
1107:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1008:
1005:
1001:
998:
966:
963:
959:
956:
924:
921:
917:
914:
904:
889:
874:
871:
867:
864:
832:
829:
825:
822:
790:
787:
783:
780:
759:
744:
741:
737:
734:
702:
699:
695:
692:
669:
666:
662:
659:
652:
632:
629:
625:
622:
610:
601:
591:
588:
584:
581:
555:
545:
542:
538:
535:
514:
499:
496:
492:
489:
448:
420:
413:
401:
370:
361:
342:
196:
79:
74:
42:
35:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2947:
2945:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2906:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2814:
2812:
2806:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2786:
2784:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2616:
2614:
2608:
2607:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2585:
2578:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2557:
2549:
2548:External links
2546:
2543:
2542:
2527:
2514:
2503:(3): 315โ331.
2484:
2475:
2445:
2423:
2414:
2401:
2365:
2350:
2329:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2287:
2280:
2277:
2250:Yitzhak Shamir
2234:Agudat Yisrael
2226:Prime Minister
2221:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2078:Youth Movement
2076:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1940:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1857:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1775:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1733:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1675:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1568:Agudat Yisrael
1565:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1482:
1481:
1456:
1453:
1447:
1444:
1435:Ashkenazi Jews
1428:
1427:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1392:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1254:Menachem Begin
1242:
1239:
1235:D'Hondt method
1223:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:Gideon Hausner
1159:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:Shulamit Aloni
1117:
1111:
1102:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1088:
1086:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1029:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1004:
1002:
997:
995:
992:
987:
981:
976:
971:
968:
967:
962:
960:
955:
953:
950:
945:
939:
934:
929:
926:
925:
920:
918:
913:
911:
908:
899:
893:
884:
879:
876:
875:
870:
868:
863:
861:
858:
853:
847:
842:
837:
834:
833:
828:
826:
821:
819:
816:
811:
805:
800:
798:Agudat Yisrael
795:
792:
791:
786:
784:
779:
777:
774:
769:
763:
754:
749:
746:
745:
740:
738:
733:
731:
728:
723:
717:
712:
707:
704:
703:
698:
696:
691:
689:
684:
679:
674:
671:
670:
665:
663:
658:
656:
647:
642:
637:
634:
633:
628:
626:
621:
619:
614:
605:
596:
593:
592:
587:
585:
580:
578:
575:
570:
564:
559:
550:
547:
546:
541:
539:
534:
532:
529:
524:
518:
509:
504:
501:
500:
495:
493:
488:
486:
483:
481:Menachem Begin
478:
472:
467:
462:
459:
458:
455:
451:
450:
445:
442:
439:
436:
433:
412:
409:
405:Menachem Begin
400:
397:
379:
378:
375:
374:
368:Menachem Begin
365:
359:Menachem Begin
355:
354:
351:
348:Prime Minister
340:
337:
336:
333:
330:
327:
325:Shulamit Aloni
322:
316:
315:
312:
309:
306:
301:
295:
294:
291:
288:
285:
280:
274:
273:
270:
267:
264:
259:
253:
252:
249:
246:
243:
238:
232:
231:
228:
225:
222:
217:
211:
210:
207:
204:
201:
194:
192:Agudat Yisrael
188:
187:
184:
181:
178:
173:
167:
166:
163:
160:
157:
152:
146:
145:
142:
139:
136:
134:Menachem Begin
131:
125:
124:
119:
116:
111:
108:
100:
99:
86:
82:
81:
71:
70:
67:
66:
60:
55:
44:
43:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2946:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2807:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2612:Parliamentary
2609:
2605:
2600:
2591:
2586:
2584:
2579:
2577:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2561:
2558:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2538:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2518:
2515:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2465:on 2020-07-25
2464:
2460:
2456:
2449:
2446:
2441:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2418:
2415:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2374:
2372:
2370:
2366:
2361:
2354:
2351:
2346:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2300:
2297:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2219:
2213:
2209:
2198:
2195:
2185:
2182:
2172:
2169:
2159:
2156:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2108:
2105:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2019:Tent Movement
2018:
2016:
2015:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1916:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1808:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1454:
1452:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1436:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1263:
1259:
1258:Yitzhak Rabin
1255:
1251:
1248:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1221:
1210:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1175:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1133:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1087:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1074:Kalman Kahana
1072:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1045:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1011:
1003:
996:
993:
991:
988:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
969:
961:
954:
951:
949:
946:
940:
938:
935:
933:
932:Flatto-Sharon
930:
928:
927:
919:
912:
909:
907:
903:
902:Yuval Ne'eman
900:
894:
892:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
877:
869:
862:
859:
857:
854:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
835:
827:
820:
817:
815:
812:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
793:
785:
778:
775:
773:
770:
764:
762:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
747:
739:
732:
729:
727:
724:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
705:
697:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
672:
664:
657:
655:
654:Shlomo Eliahu
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
635:
627:
620:
618:
615:
613:
609:
606:
604:
600:
597:
595:
594:
586:
579:
574:
571:
563:
560:
558:
554:
551:
549:
548:
540:
533:
530:
528:
525:
519:
517:
516:Labor Zionism
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
502:
494:
487:
482:
479:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
460:
456:
453:
452:
447:Seats at 1980
430:
427:
425:
418:
410:
408:
406:
398:
396:
394:
390:
386:
373:
369:
366:
364:
360:
357:
356:
349:
345:
334:
331:
328:
326:
323:
321:
317:
313:
310:
307:
305:
302:
300:
296:
292:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
275:
271:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
254:
250:
247:
244:
242:
241:Yuval Ne'eman
239:
237:
233:
229:
226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
212:
208:
205:
202:
199:
195:
193:
189:
185:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
168:
164:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
147:
143:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
126:
120:
117:
112:
109:
106:
101:
97:
87:
83:
78:
72:
65: →
64:
61:
59:
56:
54:
51:←
50:
49:
45:
39:
33:
27:
19:
2769:
2689:
2536:
2530:
2522:
2517:
2500:
2496:
2478:
2467:. Retrieved
2463:the original
2458:
2448:
2439:
2417:
2409:
2404:
2379:
2359:
2353:
2321:. Retrieved
2310:The Guardian
2309:
2299:
2261:Haim Drukman
2258:
2223:
2211:
1880:Independence
1458:
1449:
1431:
1293:Strong/weak
1266:
1262:Shimon Peres
1252:
1244:
1225:
687:Assaf Yaguri
650:Shafik Asaad
573:Yigael Yadin
527:Shimon Peres
449:dissolution
444:1977 result
421:
402:
382:
155:Shimon Peres
58:30 June 1981
57:
26:
2252:formed the
2180:Total votes
2154:Valid votes
1959:Unity Party
1437:, with the
1307:Right/left
1264:and Rabin.
1228:closed list
1188:Independent
990:Aryeh Eliav
906:Geula Cohen
856:Moshe Dayan
772:Meir Vilner
424:9th Knesset
283:Moshe Dayan
220:Meir Vilner
2908:Categories
2750:2019 (Sep)
2745:2019 (Apr)
2469:2017-04-29
2323:2017-04-28
2291:References
1900:One Israel
1349:Young/old
1285:Alignment
1151:Liberalism
1109:Secularism
726:Yosef Burg
682:Liberalism
645:Liberalism
608:Liberalism
562:Liberalism
454:Votes (%)
399:Background
176:Yosef Burg
2810:Municipal
2412:30:73-75.
2382:: 64โ85.
2318:0261-3077
2220:Aftermath
2210:, Nohlen
2196:2,490,014
2183:1,954,609
2157:1,937,366
2136:1,937,366
1526:Alignment
1439:Sephardic
979:Socialism
761:Socialism
757:Communism
507:Alignment
435:Ideology
393:Alignment
150:Alignment
2523:Haaretz,
2410:Monition
2279:See also
2271:and the
2206:Source:
1460:Scholars
1241:Campaign
1158:
1116:
1070:
1028:
986:
944:
937:Populism
898:
852:
845:Centrism
810:
768:
742:12 / 120
735:12 / 120
722:
612:Centrism
582:15 / 120
569:
543:34 / 120
536:32 / 120
523:
497:42 / 120
490:43 / 120
477:
88:78.50% (
2396:2111053
1530:708,536
1509:718,941
1455:Results
1446:Conduct
1213:2 / 120
1206:0 / 120
1178:1 / 120
1171:1 / 120
1136:1 / 120
1129:1 / 120
1090:1 / 120
1083:1 / 120
1048:1 / 120
1041:1 / 120
1006:2 / 120
999:2 / 120
964:1 / 120
957:1 / 120
922:2 / 120
915:0 / 120
872:3 / 120
865:0 / 120
830:4 / 120
823:4 / 120
788:5 / 120
781:5 / 120
700:1 / 120
693:0 / 120
667:1 / 120
660:0 / 120
630:4 / 120
623:0 / 120
589:3 / 120
441:Leader
438:Symbol
110:Leader
85:Turnout
77:Knesset
2539:: 207.
2394:
2316:
2242:Tehiya
2240:) and
2212:et al.
2186:100.00
2170:17,243
2139:100.00
1782:10,823
1761:11,590
1740:11,764
1719:17,090
1698:27,921
1677:29,837
1673:Shinui
1656:30,600
1635:44,466
1614:44,700
1610:Tehiya
1593:64,918
1589:Hadash
1572:72,312
1551:95,232
1426:32/48
1423:36/42
1413:57/18
1410:35/39
1400:45/38
1386:31/45
1383:43/37
1372:18/25
1366:11/11
1358:28/35
1355:17/51
1352:52/10
1344:55/14
1341:27/42
1338:28/32
1330:42/31
1327:48/26
1324:15/61
1313:28/40
1310:55/13
1302:50/33
1299:44/33
1296:93/92
1288:Likud
1282:Ideal
882:Tehiya
752:Hadash
710:Mafdal
603:Shinui
577:11.6%
531:24.6%
485:33.4%
457:Seats
385:Israel
350:before
299:Shinui
236:Tehiya
215:Hadash
171:Mafdal
159:36.57
138:37.11
118:Seats
2392:JSTOR
2269:Ometz
2199:78.50
2160:99.12
2133:Total
2058:Amkha
2000:Otzma
1984:1,228
1980:Ya'ad
1963:1,293
1942:2,404
1923:2,596
1904:3,726
1883:4,710
1864:5,128
1843:6,992
1824:8,304
1803:8,691
1652:Telem
1533:36.57
1512:37.11
1505:Likud
1494:Seats
1488:Votes
1485:Party
1397:4/79
1394:4/86
1380:3/89
1369:6/47
1316:77/7
1247:frame
1166:1.2%
1124:1.2%
1078:1.3%
1036:1.4%
994:1.6%
974:Sheli
952:2.0%
840:Telem
818:3.3%
776:4.6%
730:9.2%
677:Ya'ad
465:Likud
432:Name
389:Likud
372:Likud
363:Likud
329:1.44
308:1.54
287:1.58
278:Telem
266:2.30
245:2.31
224:3.35
203:3.73
180:4.92
129:Likud
107:Party
2893:2024
2888:2018
2883:2013
2878:2008
2873:2003
2868:1998
2863:1993
2858:1989
2853:1983
2848:1978
2843:1973
2838:1969
2833:1965
2828:1959
2823:1955
2818:1950
2800:2001
2795:1999
2790:1996
2771:Next
2765:2022
2760:2021
2755:2020
2740:2015
2735:2013
2730:2009
2725:2006
2720:2003
2715:1999
2710:1996
2705:1992
2700:1988
2695:1984
2690:1981
2685:1977
2680:1973
2675:1969
2670:1965
2665:1961
2660:1959
2655:1955
2650:1951
2645:1949
2640:1944
2635:1931
2630:1925
2625:1923
2620:1920
2314:ISSN
2238:Tami
2173:0.88
2122:0.02
2103:0.02
2084:0.02
2065:0.02
2044:0.03
2025:0.03
2006:0.04
1987:0.06
1966:0.07
1945:0.12
1926:0.13
1907:0.19
1886:0.24
1867:0.26
1860:Kach
1846:0.36
1827:0.43
1806:0.45
1785:0.56
1764:0.60
1743:0.61
1722:0.88
1701:1.44
1694:Ratz
1680:1.54
1659:1.58
1638:2.30
1631:Tami
1617:2.31
1596:3.35
1575:3.73
1554:4.92
1100:Ratz
640:Ahva
320:Ratz
293:New
272:New
257:Tami
251:New
165:+15
94:0.73
63:1984
53:1977
2505:doi
2384:doi
2208:IDI
2142:120
2128:New
2119:400
2109:New
2100:405
2090:New
2081:412
2071:New
2062:460
2050:New
2041:503
2031:New
2022:545
2012:New
2003:839
1993:New
1972:New
1951:New
1932:New
1913:New
1892:New
1852:New
1833:New
1665:New
1644:New
1623:New
1539:+15
1497:+/โ
521:ืืืช
475:ืืื
314:โ5
230:โ1
186:โ6
162:47
144:+3
141:48
122:+/โ
2910::
2499:.
2487:^
2457:.
2426:^
2390:.
2368:^
2332:^
2312:.
2308:.
2232:,
1812:โ2
1791:โ1
1770:โ1
1749:โ1
1728:โ1
1686:โ5
1602:โ1
1560:โ6
1536:47
1518:+3
1515:48
1201:-
1198:-
1195:-
1192:-
1156:ืืข
1114:ืจืฆ
1026:ืื
942:ืคืฉ
910:-
860:-
850:ืื
567:ืืฉ
426:.
335:0
332:1
311:2
290:2
269:3
248:3
227:4
209:0
206:4
183:6
96:pp
2589:e
2582:t
2575:v
2511:.
2507::
2501:1
2472:.
2398:.
2386::
2347:.
2326:.
2145:0
2125:0
2106:0
2087:0
2068:0
2047:0
2028:0
2009:0
1990:0
1969:0
1948:0
1929:0
1910:0
1889:0
1873:0
1870:0
1849:0
1830:0
1809:0
1788:0
1767:0
1746:0
1725:0
1707:0
1704:1
1683:2
1662:2
1641:3
1620:3
1599:4
1581:0
1578:4
1557:6
1491:%
1068:ื
984:ืฉ
896:ืช
808:ื
766:ื
720:ื
419:.
114:%
98:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
