1040:; if the latter, it may indicate that the Ivanovo tornado was in fact two separate tornadoes spawned by the same thunderstorm. However, recent research indicates that the Ivanovo storm was not the same as the one that produced the Kostroma tornado. Numerous trees were thrown long distances by the tornado. A crane weighing 350 t (770,000 lb) was knocked over, and numerous other structures were damaged. The severity of the damage was rated F4; however, there are indications that the tornado may have attained F5 intensity.
25:
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A large, long-tracked, and devastating tornado, considered one of the worst in
Russian history, destroyed numerous towns and villages along its path. Rated F4 on the Fujita scale, the 1130 metres tornado killed at least 69 people and injured more than 130 others. About 1,180 homes were also damaged,
598:- Tornado damaged or destroyed 31 homes, and heavily damaged 260 other buildings. Every structure in Bolshoy Sartovo had their roofs blown off. The village of Malsoye Sartovo was abandoned as a result of the tornado. As well a bus was torn open in Danilov killing the driver and several passengers.
237:) in weight, among the heaviest hailstones confirmed worldwide. In all, the entire tornado outbreak killed at least 69 people (though the exact death toll is unknown) and injured 804. It was previously rated as an F5, however, recent reanalysis has lowered the rating to F4 in 2018 by the
897:
touched down 15 mi (24 km) south of
Ivanovo. Near Ivanovo, the tornado snapped or bent pine, spruce, and birch trees about 1–3 m (3.3–9.8 ft) from ground level. In the town itself, the tornado picked up and cast aside a crane, weighing 320,000
949:), among the heaviest hailstones measured anywhere in the world; though the measurement came with few details, it is comparable to the world record, a hailstone also measuring 1 kg (2.2 lb) in
324:. Therefore, dew points actually dropped before the first tornadoes formed, but nevertheless several factors overcame the lower dew points to produce tornadoes. Among these were a strong upper-level
890:
destroyed or leveled by the tornado. Some estimates indicate up to 95 deaths or even more, with some sources suggesting 400 deaths in the outbreak were all related to the
Ivanovo tornado.
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over the Black Sea, had been in place four days before the outbreak began. The unusually strong intensity of the trough in the region on June 8–9, with a 500-millibar
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320:. This front separated the drier air mass to the north from the warm, moist air mass near the Black Sea, and strong wind speeds near ground level caused
296:. Between 00 and 12 UTC on June 9, the strengthening low pressure area moved north-northeast over the northwestern Russian SFSR before undergoing
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941:) in the air and transported 1 km (0.62 mi) from their original site. Hail in association with the parent thunderstorm weighed up to 1
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1273:"Tornado destroyed a village; houses badly damaged, houses destroyed; Bus damaged; Three people killed." - European Severe Weather Database
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According to
Russian researchers writing in the 1980s, this tornado was either the same as the Ivanovo tornado or a member of the Ivanovo
1389:
Chernokulsky, Alexander; A. Shikhov (2018). "1984 Ivanovo tornado outbreak: Determination of actual tornado tracks with satellite data".
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1202:"Tornado Outbreak in Russia on June 9th, 1984" (in French). Kéraunos Observatoire Français des Tornades et des Orages Violents. 2008.
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Based upon observed damages, the main tornado, an F4 in
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near Moscow. The tornadoes occurred in this region because an unstable and moist air mass, supported by warm
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ESWD mentions that the outbreak produced three F2 tornadoes, though there is no information beyond this.
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ESWD mentions that the outbreak produced an F0 tornado, though there is no information beyond this.
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Vasiliev, A. A.; B. E. Peskov; A. I. Snitkovskii (1985a). "Tornadoes on 9th of June 1984".
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Alimov, G.; A. Illesh; V. Kozlov; V. Korneyev (June 1984). "120 Minutes of a
Tornado".
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ESWD mentions that the tornado damaged roofs, chimneys and partly destroyed walls.
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rapidly advanced along a line extending south from the surface low, then south of
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and destroyed many small huts. Steel water containers capable of holding 150
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1284:"☂ Смерчи на территории СССР. Журнал «Метеорология и гидрология», №2, 1987"
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977:. It caused at least 92 deaths, though many others likely went unreported.
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promoting thunderstorm development. All these factors combined to produce
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217:). Another tornado, assessed to have been at least F4, occurred at
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Lyakhov, M. Y. (1986). "Tornadoes in the midland belt of Russia".
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Tornado heavily damaged hangars at the airport and downed trees.
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At 1130 UTC—other sources say 1205 UTC—this powerful
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http://islandnet.com/~see/weather/storm/tornadoes-europe.htm
914:). ESWD mentions that the tornado destroyed factory areas.
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11:00 UTC (+/- 15 min.) - European Severe
Weather Database
288:, dew points were higher than average elsewhere. By 1800
1079:"Ивановский смерч 9 июня 1984 года: торнадо по-советски"
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below normal, also favored an intense tornado outbreak.
16:
Tornado outbreak in
Ivanovo and Yaroslavl Oblasts, RSFSR
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on April 15, 1986. The F4 tornado tracked for 99
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may contain excessive or inappropriate references to
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Snitkovskii, A. L. (1987). "Tornadoes in the USSR".
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1107:"Ивановский смерч 9 июня 1984 года: что это было"
801:Unrated tornado produced a swath of tree damage.
770:Unrated tornado produced a swath of tree damage.
1050:List of European tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
441:List of confirmed tornadoes — June 9, 1984
1166:Electronic Journal of Severe Storms Meteorology
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1081:(in Russian). Русская семерка. 2017-01-31.
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160:, occurred on June 9, that struck the
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65:Learn how and when to remove this message
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49:where they are used inappropriately.
546:Sheremetyevo International Airport
154:1984 Soviet Union tornado outbreak
78:1984 Soviet Union tornado outbreak
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239:European Severe Storms Laboratory
1026:Most severe tornado damage; see
196:third-deadliest tornado outbreak
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923:ripped up trees by their roots
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260:to form over the coast of the
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1234:"Сартово: жизнь после смерча"
862:~420 km/h (260 mph)
262:Socialist Republic of Romania
183:(one of the others being the
158:1984 Ivanovo tornado outbreak
1290:(in Russian). Archived from
1160:Finch, J.; D. Bikos (2012).
933:) of water were carried 100
665:160 kilometres (99 mi)
592:100 kilometres (62 mi)
300:. In the meantime, a strong
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1374:Meteorologiya I Gidrologiya
712:See section on this tornado
707:30 kilometres (19 mi)
674:See section on this tornado
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1518:Weather events in Russia
791:Central Federal District
700:Central Federal District
658:Central Federal District
585:Central Federal District
552:Central Federal District
372:Confirmed tornadoes by
353:sea surface temperatures
332:and instability, strong
895:multiple vortex tornado
760:Sormovsky City District
245:Meteorological synopsis
1179:10.55599/ejssm.v7i4.40
522:Volga Federal District
492:Volga Federal District
359:measured at about 2.7
328:, clear skies causing
36:self-published sources
345:adiabatic lapse rates
198:in European history.
156:, also known as the
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1403:2018AtmRe.207..111C
1354:Bangladesh Observer
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361:standard deviations
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264:(now non-Communist
185:1904 Moscow tornado
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41:Please help
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1397:: 111–121.
1172:(4): 1–28.
931:US gal
919:Volga River
910:(0.12
460:Path length
343:, and high
316:), to near
213:(0.12
91:At least 11
1512:Categories
1391:Atmos. Res
1341:: 562–570.
1298:2020-02-03
1248:2020-03-24
1121:2019-10-22
1089:2019-03-04
1061:References
963:kilometres
957:(160
951:Bangladesh
945:(2.2
937:(330
872:Fatalities
844:F4 tornado
669:92+ deaths
457:Time (UTC)
326:jet stream
302:cold front
274:dew points
253:caused an
233:(2.2
194:, and the
124:Fatalities
100:F4 tornado
43:improve it
1419:125778632
965:(50
917:Near the
900:kilograms
576:Golubkovo
367:Tornadoes
318:Bucharest
298:occlusion
280:(68
270:Black Sea
221:. Severe
203:kilograms
181:outbreaks
166:Yaroslavl
88:Tornadoes
1492:June 7–8
1487:March 28
1436:Archived
1380:: 12–25.
1352:"none".
1317:Izvestia
1288:meteo.ua
1242:Archived
1115:Archived
1083:Archived
1044:See also
943:kilogram
824:unknown
821:unknown
818:unknown
798:unknown
795:unknown
767:unknown
764:unknown
737:unknown
734:unknown
731:unknown
690:Kostroma
651:Kostroma
612:Volosovo
596:3 deaths
529:unknown
499:unknown
451:Location
341:updrafts
231:kilogram
229:up to 1
219:Kostroma
132:Injuries
1399:Bibcode
1020:tornado
994:tornado
971:Lunyovo
850:on the
814:Unknown
754:Sormovo
727:Unknown
649:(SE of
647:Lunyovo
643:Ivanovo
463:Damage
314:Belarus
308:in the
266:Romania
192:history
189:Russian
178:tornado
162:Ivanovo
127:72-403+
47:sources
1497:June 9
1417:
1014:rating
935:metres
908:metres
875:69-400
785:Sharya
704:~1230
694:Lyubim
622:~1100
589:~1100
526:~0900
516:Kanash
496:~0900
486:Alatyr
454:County
401:Total
251:trough
211:metres
170:Moscow
1415:S2CID
955:miles
783:E of
662:1130
641:S of
556:0909
312:(now
306:Minsk
1012:Max.
227:hail
164:and
152:The
1407:doi
1395:207
1174:doi
973:in
692:to
645:to
427:11
398:F5
395:F4
392:F3
389:F2
386:F1
383:F0
380:FU
290:UTC
135:804
1514::
1413:.
1405:.
1393:.
1362:^
1325:^
1307:^
1286:.
1257:^
1240:.
1236:.
1208:^
1188:^
1168:.
1164:.
1130:^
1109:.
1098:^
1068:^
1018:F4
992:F4
967:mi
959:km
947:lb
939:ft
912:mi
904:lb
808:F?
777:F?
747:F?
721:F0
683:F4
671:-
635:F4
605:F2
569:F3
539:F1
509:F2
479:F2
447:F#
424:0
421:2
418:1
415:6
412:1
409:1
406:0
282:°F
278:°C
241:.
235:lb
215:mi
207:lb
1468:e
1461:t
1454:v
1421:.
1409::
1401::
1378:9
1339:6
1301:.
1251:.
1182:.
1176::
1170:7
1124:.
1092:.
653:)
68:)
62:(
57:)
53:(
39:.
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