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were an outbreak of violent conflict between Hindu and Muslim
Indians between December 7-10, 1990. It was part of a wave of riots in several major Indian cities that lead to hundreds of deaths in December of 1990. Between 75 and 200 people were killed in Aligarh. Official reports claim that 92 were
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in
Ayodhya for attempting to demolish the mosque. Mourners cremated the bodies of those killed and carried their ashes in a procession throughout the state, including to Aligarh, thereby arousing tensions between the communities. There is dispute to the immediate cause of the riots: some claim that
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A curfew was imposed, but officials struggled to contain the violence. Fighting was sporadic and difficult to for police to keep up with. The police also became a target for incensed rioters, who threw rocks from rooftops. Eventually, the army was called in to enforce order.
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The violence peaked on
December 8. Around 500 people attacked and derailed a train car. Several passengers, both Muslim and Hindu, were pulled out and killed. The same day, rioters attempted to burn down the home of a Muslim family, killing more than a dozen.
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False rumors circulated through the Hindu media about
Muslims killing hospital patients added fuel to the conflict. There were also reports by the
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Muslims and Hindus in India. The country was almost entirely Hindu until the 14th century, when Muslim armies
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In
September 1990, a coalition of Hindu nationalist parties started a campaign to build a temple on the site of the
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154:"Hindu-Muslim Communal Riots in India II (1986-2011) | Sciences Po Mass Violence and Resistance - Research Network"
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killed, two-thirds of whom were
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214:"It is wholly needless. Why all this tamasha about Ayodhya?: Devi Lal"
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outside a mosque that was once the site of a Hindu temple.
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267:"Muslim-Hindu Riots in India Leave 93 Dead in 3 Days"
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