Knowledge (XXG)

1991 Albanian parliamentary election

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923:. Candidates who won a majority of the votes (50 percent plus one vote) were elected in the first round. If two candidates obtained over 25 percent of the vote, but less than 50 percent, the top two candidates proceeded to a run-off on 7 April. If only one candidate or no candidates received 25 percent of the vote, the parties would nominate additional candidates to stand for election on 14 April. A candidate who received more than 25 percent of the vote would remain on the ballot with a new challenger. At least two candidates had to appear on the ballot for any given election, or the election would have to be re-run on 14 April. 28: 942: 212: 927:
obtaining a certificate allowing them to vote out of their district, and, on election day, the voter would present the certificate at the nearest Albanian diplomatic mission. Overseas votes were counted as part of a district in Tirana. Voters with "legitimate reasons" why they would be unable to vote in their assigned district were also given certificates to vote in another, as long as the number of certificates issued was no more than 15% of the total number of registered voters in that district.
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Since the start of the campaign Democratic Party leaders claimed to international observers that the elections would neither be free nor fair, and later stated that the elections had been conducted amid a "climate of fear." International observers, however, generally regarded the election as fair and
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All Albanian citizens aged 18 or older were eligible to vote, "so long as they had not been convicted of a penal act or were not declared mentally incompetent by a court". Voting was not compulsory, unlike prior elections. Albanian citizens travelling abroad on business were also allowed to vote by
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The elections were held in an atmosphere of economic disruption and social instability. The ruling Party of Labour of Albania had various advantages while campaigning, such as control or influence over most media and a far larger pool of resources than its nascent opposition. There was also little
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on 31 March 1991, with later rounds on 7 April and 14 April. They were the first multi-party elections since 1923, and were held after the formation of new political parties was legalised on 11 December 1990 following a strike by 700 students at the
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that fraud and manipulation were minimal despite the substantial advantages enjoyed by the PLA. Over 1,000 candidates from 11 parties or political movements, as well as a score of independents, contested the 250 parliamentary seats.
849:) produced a platform which rested upon stated commitments to preventing the country's slide into "chaos" along with promises of promoting the growth of a regulated market economy, support for political pluralism, and support for 886:
was quoted in mid-March after having visited the United States that his party would receive a "blank check" from the American Government upon coming to power, which would have entailed admission to such organizations as the
413: 899:, said that the United States would provide Albania with desperately needed humanitarian assistance but that economic aid would be granted only if democratic forces came to power." The 837:
and other anti-communist opposition parties to influence the rural countryside and its peasantry, who feared that the Democratic Party would privatize land holdings and restore them to
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noticeably supported the Democratic Party, which the ruling PLA criticized to its own advantage. Democratic Party politician and Berisha aide
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The new People's Assembly was convened on 10 April. On 29 April a new constitution came into effect proclaiming the modern-day
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landowners, which the ruling party emphasized as it focused its efforts on rural voters. The PLA and its associated
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over poor dormitory conditions and a power failure, which subsequently became politicised under the influence of
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gave around $ 103,000 to the dissident labor movement backing the Democratic Party along with, according to
307: 300: 941: 1233: 1031: 853:. The Democratic Party platform promised the transformation of living standards through membership in the 733: 211: 163: 2071: 651: 408: 389: 1833: 1714: 850: 810: 506: 327: 1758: 1692: 1650: 1404: 490: 472: 431: 382: 320: 277: 854: 842: 1300: 895:. "David Swartz, the head of the State Department delegation sent to reopen the U.S. embassy in 1893: 1780: 1606: 1278: 1204: 723: 1628: 1322: 920: 1736: 766: 398: 359: 286: 2019: 1860: 761: 2332: 1885: 883: 879: 858: 168: 904: 863: 838: 814: 331: 147: 698: 666: 1837: 919:
The 250 members of the Assembly were elected in single-member districts via a
892: 260: 250: 241: 235: 126: 824:, which won 169 of the 250 seats. Voter turnout was reported to be 98.6%. 2002:
The 1991 Elections in Albania: Report of the Election Observer Delegation
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ALBANIA Parliamentary Chamber: Kuvendi Popullor: Elections held in 1991
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factories abroad, and immediate steps towards a free-market economy.
1992:. New York: Routledge. 2007. p. 39. Vickers & Pettifer, p. 59. 868: 204:
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
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The result was a landslide victory for the socialist ruling
1921:. New York, NY: New York University Press. 2000. p. 53. 1939:
Vickers & Pettifer, pp. 55-56. Biberaj, pp. 98-99.
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London: Zed Books. 2003. p. 320. 16:Parliamentary elections in Albania 14: 98: 2057: 1213:Seats won by administrative area 940: 901:National Endowment for Democracy 833:opportunity for the urban-based 760: 746: 285: 259: 234: 87: 86: 26: 1861:Albania: Elections held in 1991 1253: 1251: 1249: 1247: 77:126 seats needed for a majority 1948:Vickers & Pettifer, p. 56. 1: 1203:Source: Nohlen & Stöver, 1053:National Veteran's Committee 2354:March 1991 events in Europe 1888:& Philip Stöver (2010) 1011:Republican Party of Albania 990:Democratic Party of Albania 889:International Monetary Fund 861:and other Western nations, 835:Democratic Party of Albania 2370: 1842:Socialist Party of Albania 1801: 1779: 1757: 1735: 1713: 1691: 1671: 1649: 1627: 1605: 1585: 1565: 1545: 1525: 1505: 1485: 1465: 1445: 1425: 1403: 1383: 1363: 1343: 1321: 1299: 1277: 1257: 969:Party of Labour of Albania 822:Party of Labour of Albania 2022:Inter-Parliamentary Union 1863:Inter-Parliamentary Union 1242: 1219: 1202: 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518:Presidential 513: 332:Bajram Begaj 308:Human rights 301:Constitution 189:Rustem Peçi 148:Sali Berisha 47: 2301:Referendums 1177:Total votes 1151:Valid votes 734:Visa policy 699:Igli Hasani 593:Referendums 383:Legislature 2333:Categories 1848:References 1838:Ramiz Alia 1229:Democratic 893:World Bank 828:Background 711:in Albania 409:Committees 390:Parliament 251:Fatos Nano 242:Fatos Nano 127:Ramiz Alia 52:1991-03-31 1834:President 1824:Aftermath 1506:Librazhd 1193:1,977,516 1180:1,949,816 1154:1,861,332 1133:1,862,520 973:1,046,120 507:Elections 432:Judiciary 328:President 321:Executive 1715:TepelenĂ« 1672:Skrapar 1607:Pogradec 1566:Mirdita 1526:Lushnja 1239:Veterans 891:and the 867:jobs in 724:Passport 695:Minister 491:Villages 473:Counties 346:Edi Rama 185:KKVLAPSH 85:98.60% ( 1892:, p137 1759:TropojĂ« 1693:ShkodĂ«r 1651:SarandĂ« 1586:Permet 1405:Kolonja 1364:Gramsh 1323:Elbasan 1234:Omonoia 1220:Region 994:720,948 931:Results 869:Italian 839:pre-war 754:Albania 414:Members 395:Speaker 370:Cabinet 164:Omonoia 103:Leader 91:1.40pp) 82:Turnout 50: ( 1896:  1802:Total 1737:Tirana 1486:Lezha 1466:Kukes 1446:Kruja 1426:Korça 1301:DurrĂ«s 1258:Berat 1243:Total 1224:Labour 1183:100.00 1167:88,484 1136:100.00 1116:47,836 1036:13,538 1015:27,393 897:TiranĂ« 873:German 751:  486:Cities 226:before 152:38.71 131:56.17 111:Seats 1781:VlorĂ« 1344:Fier 1279:DibĂ«r 1196:98.60 1157:95.46 1130:Total 1078:1,379 1057:5,241 997:38.71 976:56.17 958:Seats 952:Votes 949:Party 667:LIBRA 662:PBDNJ 568:Local 192:0.28 173:0.73 100:Party 2318:1998 2313:1997 2308:1994 2291:2027 2285:2023 2280:2019 2275:2015 2270:2013 2265:2011 2260:2007 2255:2003 2250:2000 2245:1996 2240:1992 2221:Next 2215:2021 2210:2017 2205:2013 2200:2009 2195:2005 2190:2001 2185:1997 2180:1996 2175:1992 2170:1991 2165:1987 2160:1982 2155:1978 2150:1974 2145:1970 2140:1966 2135:1962 2130:1958 2125:1954 2120:1950 2115:1945 2110:1943 2105:1937 2100:1932 2095:1928 2090:1925 2085:1923 2080:1921 1894:ISBN 1817:250 1805:169 1629:PukĂ« 1546:Mat 1170:4.54 1119:2.57 1100:0.00 1081:0.07 1060:0.28 1039:0.73 1018:1.47 878:The 871:and 647:PDIU 611:1998 606:1997 601:1994 585:2023 580:2019 575:2015 560:next 554:2021 549:2017 535:2022 530:2017 525:2012 403:list 364:list 350:list 336:list 255:PPSh 246:PPSh 198:New 179:New 158:New 137:−81 134:169 122:PPSh 60:1992 43:1987 1808:75 1797:14 1753:29 1744:19 1741:10 1709:19 1700:16 1541:11 1441:17 1429:12 1359:19 1347:19 1339:19 1327:13 1317:19 1308:13 1295:12 1283:11 1273:14 1261:13 1139:250 1125:New 1106:New 1087:New 1066:New 1045:New 1024:New 1003:New 982:–81 979:169 961:+/– 652:FRD 642:LSI 155:75 115:+/– 2335:: 1844:. 1814:1 1811:5 1794:0 1791:0 1788:7 1785:7 1775:3 1772:0 1769:0 1766:0 1763:3 1750:0 1747:0 1731:4 1728:0 1725:0 1722:0 1719:4 1706:0 1703:0 1697:3 1687:4 1684:0 1681:0 1678:0 1675:4 1667:7 1664:0 1661:3 1658:0 1655:4 1645:4 1642:0 1639:0 1636:0 1633:4 1623:5 1620:0 1617:0 1614:0 1611:5 1601:3 1598:0 1595:0 1592:0 1589:3 1581:4 1578:0 1575:0 1572:0 1569:4 1561:6 1558:0 1555:0 1552:0 1549:6 1538:0 1535:0 1532:2 1529:9 1521:5 1518:0 1515:0 1512:0 1509:5 1501:5 1498:0 1495:0 1492:2 1489:3 1481:8 1478:0 1475:0 1472:0 1469:8 1461:8 1458:0 1455:0 1452:4 1449:4 1438:0 1435:0 1432:5 1421:2 1418:0 1415:0 1412:0 1409:2 1399:6 1396:0 1393:2 1390:0 1387:4 1379:3 1376:0 1373:0 1370:0 1367:3 1356:0 1353:0 1350:0 1336:0 1333:0 1330:6 1314:0 1311:0 1305:6 1292:1 1289:0 1286:0 1270:0 1267:0 1264:1 1097:65 1000:75 817:. 709:/ 697:: 657:PR 637:PS 632:PD 397:: 358:: 344:: 330:: 195:1 176:5 143:PD 2049:e 2042:t 2035:v 1142:0 1122:0 1103:0 1084:0 1063:1 1042:5 1021:0 955:% 793:e 786:t 779:v 405:) 401:( 366:) 362:( 352:) 348:( 338:) 334:( 107:% 54:)

Index

People's Socialist Republic of Albania
1987
1992
Constitutional Assembly
PPSh
Ramiz Alia
PD
Sali Berisha
Omonoia
Vasil Bollano
KKVLAPSH

Prime Minister

Fatos Nano
PPSh
Fatos Nano
PPSh

Politics of Albania

Constitution
Human rights
Executive
President
Bajram Begaj
list
Prime Minister
Edi Rama
list

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