197:
24:
100:
184:
637:, making hundreds of Sahrawi civilians flee into the desert. These sources stated that the Sahrawi forces were not opposing resistance to the Moroccan offensive, due to "respect to the date of September 6 marked by the UN peace plan for the ceasefire", but also adverted that if after the ceasefire date the attacks continued, "Sahrawis will be legitimated to exercise their
611:
population of the area and the outcome of the referendum, and while a United
Nations military experts mission was in the zone. POLISARIO sources stated that they had no military casualties, and on 13 August declared that one Sahrawi had been killed and another wounded during the attacks on Tifariti
632:
From 22 August, a second wave of attacks by the
Moroccan forces took part on Tifariti, Bir Lehlou, Mijek and Agwanit. While Polisario Front sources defined the attacks as a "massive terrestrial offensive" and denounced the "systematic destruction of the water wells", MAP stated that since early
633:
August there had been "political operations of cleaning and searching in the no man's land", but denying that there were on a "greater scale". On 25 August, POLISARIO officials announced that
Moroccan forces had reached the town of Bir Lehlou, the temporary capital of the
620:
was shot down by
Sahrawi fighters near Tifariti, and his pilot Captain Youssef Megzari captured (he escaped from Tindouf prison in February 2005 along with another POW). While the POLISARIO saw the attacks as a Moroccan attempt to sabotage the peace plan, the
649:
expressed his confidence on the maintenance of the ceasefire date, while dismissing POLISARIO reports about the attacks. Moroccan press attacked PĂ©rez de
Cuellar, accusing him of not being neutral and creating confusion. Meanwhile, the
579:. A ceasefire (accorded to be in effect from 6 September 1991) had been agreed between the parts on July. During August and the first days of September 1991, the Royal Moroccan Army (RMA) conducted offensive operations in the areas of
658:, who added that ten thousand refugees on the Tifariti region were fleeing, and a hundred had disappeared. On 29 August Bachir Mustapha Sayed, POLISARIO representative for relations with the
283:
654:
bombed
Tifariti again, killing at least five civilians, wounding 20 and destroying the infrastructure of the town, according to Hash Ahmed, then POLISARIO representative in
599:, resulting in multiple Sahrawi civilian casualties, the destruction of Tifariti and Bir Lahlou, poisoning of the wells and subsequently depopulation of the area.
276:
607:
Between 4–5 August, Moroccan troops and aviation attacked the towns of
Tifariti, Mehaires and Mijek, destroying infrastructure that had been built for the
1187:
768:
Western Sahara war 1975–1991. List of Royal
Moroccan Air Force losses during operations against Sahrawi rebel national liberation movements (POLISARIO).
1202:
319:
492:
269:
467:
1197:
339:
1167:
542:
1151:
1136:
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67:
45:
1177:
634:
314:
196:
1182:
497:
646:
401:
349:
1007:
982:
898:
845:
678:(UN) has been in effect since 6 September 1991, with the promise of a referendum on independence the following year.
369:
1172:
477:
354:
359:
651:
472:
411:
379:
38:
32:
918:"Algérie : 2 soldats marocains se sont évadés de Tindouf selon l'ASM et al Ahdath al Maghribia - Archive"
629:" to avoid the "infiltration of elements armed and trained to make terrorist attacks on the Moroccan Sahara"
389:
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right". Finally, they affirmed that at least twenty
Sahrawi nomad civilians had died, most of them of
487:
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687:
626:
1060:"PĂ©rez de CuĂ©llar confĂa en que se mantenga el alto el fuego y el referĂ©ndum en el Sáhara"
572:
201:
616:
mentioned that three civilians were wounded during the attacks. On 4 August, a
Moroccan
99:
576:
153:
917:
1161:
983:"Marruecos lanza "operaciones" de ataque contra las guerrillas del Frente Polisario"
638:
617:
105:
1034:"El Polisario esperará hasta el dĂa 6 para ejercer su "derecho a la autodefensa""
901:
712:
588:
137:
875:"El Polisario pide a la ONU que ponga fin a la escalada militar en el Sáhara"
709:"Los saharauis celebran la tregua como "dĂa histĂłrico para la independencia""
645:, during the Moroccan offensive. On 27 August, then UN Secretary-General
584:
580:
141:
133:
109:
846:"La aviación marroquà bombardea uno de los principales oasis del Sáhara"
164:
Destruction of Tifariti & Bir Lehlou; temporary depopulation of the
675:
659:
596:
533:
189:
149:
1008:"Marruecos ocupa la capital del Polisario en su ofensiva en el Sáhara"
655:
642:
261:
674:
A cease-fire between the Polisario Front and Morocco, monitored by
767:
608:
592:
145:
205:
265:
899:
El Frente Polisario denuncia un ataque de la aviaciĂłn marroquĂ
17:
958:"El Polisario denuncia un nuevo ataque marroquà en el Sáhara"
662:, declared that the Moroccan troops were retreating into the
1085:"Los marroquĂes se retiran, asegura el Frente Polisario"
734:
732:
807:
805:
868:
866:
933:"Marruecos bombardea 'zonas liberadas' del Polisario"
840:
838:
836:
834:
779:
777:
775:
873:Ana Camacho/Dris Bouissef-Rekab (9 August 1991).
625:defined the attacks as a "cleansing operation in
1127:Thompson, Virginia and Adloff, Richard (1980),
84:
763:
761:
277:
8:
1129:The Western Saharans. Background to Conflict
221:Royal Moroccan Air Force support (14 planes)
112:by guerilla forces during Operation Rattle.
315:Farsia, Edcheiria, Hausa and Mahbes (1975)
284:
270:
262:
98:
81:
1114:Western Sahara: The Roots of a Desert War
563:, was the last military operation in the
68:Learn how and when to remove this message
741:"Ofensiva terrestre masiva en el Sáhara"
31:This article includes a list of general
699:
7:
402:Houari Boumedienne offensive (1979)
1142:Diego Aguirre, Jose RamĂłn (1991),
37:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
1188:Battles involving Polisario Front
350:Bir Mogrein I and Zouerate (1976)
124:4 August 1991 to 6 September 1991
707:Ana Camacho (8 September 1991).
635:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
195:
182:
22:
1203:September 1991 events in Africa
370:Martyr El Uali offensive (1977)
1083:Ana Camacho (29 August 1991).
1058:Ana Camacho (28 August 1991).
1032:Ana Camacho (26 August 1991).
812:Ana Camacho (26 August 1991).
739:Ana Camacho (25 August 2012).
1:
931:Ana Camacho (8 August 1991).
623:Moroccan official news agency
1198:August 1991 events in Africa
1131:, Barnes & Noble Books (
614:Sahrawi sources from Tindouf
543:T&G Aviation DC-7 (1988)
468:Guelta Zemmur (October 1981)
575:, seeking independence for
1219:
493:Farsia II & Oum Dreyga
1168:Battles involving Morocco
960:. El PaĂs. 23 August 1991
787:. El PaĂs. 13 August 1991
473:Greater Maghreb offensive
303:
247:
228:
211:
175:
116:
97:
89:
652:Royal Moroccan Air Force
1178:Western Sahara conflict
1116:, Lawrence Hill Books (
647:Javier Pérez de Cuéllar
561:1991 Tifariti offensive
528:International incidents
217:10,000–100,000 soldiers
52:more precise citations.
1183:1991 in Western Sahara
360:Bir Mogrein III (1976)
104:Remains of a Moroccan
1112:Hodges, Tony (1983),
1010:. ABC. 26 August 1991
985:. ABC. 25 August 1991
848:. ABC. 28 August 1991
785:"Muerte en el Sáhara"
456:Iman operation (1980)
355:Bir Mogrein II (1976)
320:Tichla & La GĂĽera
229:Casualties and losses
166:Liberated Territories
559:, also known as the
249:Civilian casualties:
1144:Guerra en el Sáhara
569:Royal Moroccan Army
340:Ain Ben Tili (1976)
565:Western Sahara War
390:Nouackchott (1977)
295:Western Sahara War
92:Western Sahara War
1173:Conflicts in 1991
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904:, 5 August 1991
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603:Operation Rattle
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48:this article by
39:inline citations
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1107:Further reading
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385:Zouerate (1977)
380:Tifariti (1977)
335:El Aaiun (1976)
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243:Unknown wounded
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44:Please help to
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1152:84-7090-252-0
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1146:, Ed. Istmo (
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664:Moroccan Wall
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508:Amgala (1989)
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498:Guelta Zemmur
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483:Mahbes (1987)
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478:Mahbes (1985)
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375:Amgala (1977)
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108:shot down in
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58:December 2013
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1098:(in Spanish)
1089:. Retrieved
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1072:(in Spanish)
1063:. Retrieved
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1047:(in Spanish)
1038:. Retrieved
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1021:(in Spanish)
1012:. Retrieved
1002:
996:(in Spanish)
987:. Retrieved
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971:(in Spanish)
962:. Retrieved
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946:(in Spanish)
937:. Retrieved
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912:
906:(in Spanish)
894:
888:(in Spanish)
879:. Retrieved
859:(in Spanish)
850:. Retrieved
827:(in Spanish)
818:. Retrieved
798:(in Spanish)
789:. Retrieved
754:(in Spanish)
745:. Retrieved
725:(in Spanish)
716:. Retrieved
702:
673:
639:self-defense
631:
618:Northrop F-5
606:
571:against the
560:
556:
555:
535:
527:
521:
515:
514:
449:
448:
427:Bir Anzarane
309:
305:
248:
176:Belligerents
106:Northrop F-5
64:
55:
36:
15:
612:and Miyek.
306:Engagements
256:100 missing
50:introducing
1162:Categories
694:References
670:Cease fire
589:Bir Lahlou
422:Lebouirate
254:24 wounded
238:1 captured
138:Bir Lehlou
33:references
1087:. El PaĂs
1036:. El PaĂs
935:. El PaĂs
877:. El PaĂs
816:. El PaĂs
743:. El PaĂs
330:Amgala II
252:30 killed
219:300 tanks
1193:Tifariti
682:See also
585:Tifariti
581:Mehaires
522:Tifariti
397:Lamantin
325:Amgala I
212:Strength
142:Mehaires
134:Tifariti
129:Location
110:Tifariti
90:Part of
1091:13 July
1065:13 July
1040:12 July
1014:12 July
989:12 July
964:11 July
939:10 July
852:13 July
820:13 July
791:10 July
747:12 July
718:11 July
713:El PaĂs
676:MINURSO
660:MINURSO
597:Agwanit
567:by the
536:Polar 3
407:Tan Tan
224:Unknown
190:Morocco
150:Agwanit
46:improve
1150:
1135:
1120:
881:9 July
656:Madrid
643:thirst
538:(1985)
444:Tichla
187:
161:Result
148:&
35:, but
609:nomad
593:Mijek
516:1990s
503:Hawza
450:1980s
432:Smara
310:1970s
146:Mijek
1148:ISBN
1133:ISBN
1118:ISBN
1093:2012
1067:2012
1042:2012
1016:2012
991:2012
966:2012
941:2012
883:2012
854:2012
822:2012
793:2012
749:2012
720:2012
595:and
534:AWI
439:Akka
417:Assa
206:SADR
121:Date
902:ABC
461:Zag
1164::
865:^
833:^
804:^
774:^
760:^
731:^
711:.
666:.
591:,
587:,
583:,
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285:e
278:t
271:v
71:)
65:(
60:)
56:(
42:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
