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200:
656:. With levels reaching as high as the roofs of houses, the heavy snowfall damaged the roofs of several buildings, including one school, and killed about 100 animals. Across the country, the storm killed 63 people, 33 of them related to avalanches, including 22 foreigners, although the Trekking Workers' Association believed the death toll was higher. Several of the deaths were the result of collapsed houses, while others were the result of people freezing to death. The
505:
305:
40:
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590:. There was also widespread crop damage on 11,043,653 ha (27,289,460 acres) of crop fields. In West Bengal, paddy crops, mustard trees, and potatoes were damaged. Throughout India, the cyclone killed 73 people, with 402 people missing after the storm. The International Disaster Database indicated that the storm killed 128 people and caused US$ 46.3 million in damage.
384:
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570:, trapping the crew inside until they were rescued. In Andhra Pradesh, the high winds damaged 21 km (13 mi) of power lines, affecting 12,733 electrical units. The storm damaged 27,945 houses, mostly in Orissa. In the state, the storm's high winds and rainfall wrecked stalls for a festival in
660:
likely prevented additional deaths, as over 1,000 residents in the hardest hit areas left for the ceremony. After the snowfall, the Nepal government coordinated the largest search and rescue mission in the country's history, utilizing helicopters to rescue 450 stranded people, encompassing
432:
After development, the depression steadily intensified while moving through the Bay of Bengal; rounding the ridge, it accelerated and turned more to the northwest. The IMD upgraded the system to a deep depression by 12:00 UTC on
November 7, and further to a cyclonic storm by 00:00 UTC
291:
1.1 billion (US$ 32.2 million). In neighboring
Bangladesh, high waves killed 45 people after sinking or sweeping away four ships. The cyclone later spawned a rare November snowstorm across eastern Nepal, with depths reaching 2,000 mm (79 in). The snowfall occurred without
286:
of 1.5 m (4.9 ft) that inundated the coastline several hundred feet inland. Power lines, crops, and houses were damaged, and many boats were damaged, causing several nautical fatalities. The cyclone killed at least 128 people in India, with hundreds remaining unaccounted for, and
593:
Farther east, officials in
Bangladesh evacuated residents along offshore islands, while boats were ordered to return to the coast. The storm ultimately produced 60 to 80 km/h (37 to 50 mph) winds along with heavy rainfall in the country. High seas, reaching 5.5 m (18 ft) in
661:
an area of 600 km (230 sq mi), before the mission was ended on
November 15. Several of the rescued people required medical attention. Stranded victims had to stay in the snow for a day and a half before being spotted and rescued, and inclement weather disrupted efforts.
611:
occurred, whereby the moisture coalesced in mountainous regions. At elevations generally below 3,500 m (11,500 ft), the precipitation resulted in 50 to 200 mm (2.0 to 7.9 in) of rainfall, reaching 220 mm (8.7 in) in
554:
of 1.5 m (4.9 ft), which spread several hundred feet inland. In addition to the winds and surge, the cyclone dropped heavy rainfall along its path, particularly in Andhra
Pradesh and Odisha, peaking at over 200 mm (8 in).
602:
teams requested a forecast. As a result, many mountain climbers and guides were caught off guard, and thousands of mountaineers from around the world were in the region when the cyclone struck. When the energy from the storm spread into the
636:
was buried for eight days until people could travel freely again; the rarity of the snowfall meant that residents did not have skis or snow shoes. By
November 14, or five days after the arrival of the storm, the snow had receded.
296:, and there were 63 deaths related to the cyclone in the country. The Nepal government launched the largest search and rescue mission in the country's history, rescuing 450 people, some of whom trapped for days in the snow.
597:
Atypical for
November, the storm continued northward and became the most intense cyclone to affect Nepal in the autumn in 50 years. The country's Department of Meteorology did not issue warnings for the storm, as no
485:. After moving ashore, the storm turned more to the north and rapidly weakened over land. By 12:00 UTC on November 9, the JTWC discontinued advisories. The storm weakened into a depression over the northern
616:. In some areas, totals were 3,000% of the average November rainfall, which is usually a dry month. At higher elevations, the precipitation caused intense snowfall, reaching up to 2,000 mm (79 in) deep in
428:
late on
November 6, and at 00:00 UTC the next day initiated advisories on Tropical Cyclone 03B just west of the Andaman Islands. Six hours later, the IMD likewise classified the system as a depression.
445:
or the increased upward movement of air. At 09:00 UTC on
November 8, the IMD upgraded the system to a severe cyclonic storm, and six hours later to a very severe cyclonic storm. By that time, an
644:, two avalanches combined and destroyed a lodge housing 25 mountain climbers, killing all but one; the survivor was rescued after being trapped for 40 hours. The hikers were climbing
481:. Although the IMD officially estimated peak winds of 120 km/h (75 mph), winds could have been as high as 150 km/h (95 mph), based on the damage and estimates from the
594:
height, capsized a boat in the
Chunkuri River and left three other boats missing, killing 45 people. The waves also flooded about 3,000 ha (7,400 acres) of crop fields.
292:
warning amid the busy mountain trekking season, and there were several avalanches and landslides across the country. One such incident killed 24 people at a lodge near
575:
1144:
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state early on November 10. On the next day, the system degenerated into a remnant low, by which time the system had turned to the northeast and spread into
727:
is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force that issues tropical cyclone warnings for the northern Indian Ocean and other regions.
1113:
849:
711:
1209:
244:
210:
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263:(IMD) classified the system as a very severe cyclonic storm on November 8, in line with intensity estimates from the American-based
1313:
1303:
780:
587:
462:
was estimated at 978 mbar (28.9 inHg). The JTWC estimated slightly higher 1-minute winds of 130 km/h (80 mph).
425:
640:
The heavy snowfall across Nepal produced landslides and avalanches, mostly on November 10 and into the following day. Near
707:
525:
260:
84:
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136:
652:. This marked the deadliest avalanche in Nepal to affect a hiking expedition. Another avalanche killed seven people in
279:. A typical for most November storms, the system continued to the north and dissipated over Nepal on November 11.
583:
534:
Moving ashore eastern India, the cyclone brought strong winds, with a peak gust of 115 km/h (70 mph) at the
1004:
983:
1170:
Tomomi Yamada; Hiroji Fushimi; R. Aryal; Tsutomu Kadota; Kouji Fujita; Katsumoto Seko; Tetsuzo Yasunari (1996).
318:
132:
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678:
599:
434:
252:
809:
247:. Moving northwestward, the system gradually intensified while moving toward land, eventually developing an
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397:
897:
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562:, 2,688 boats were damaged, accounting for 48 fishermen deaths in Visakhapatnam alone. An
493:. The circulation dissipated, although moisture and convection from the storm spread through Nepal.
856:
657:
604:
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424:, the system moved to the west-northwest. Based on the improved organization, the JTWC issued a
195:
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437:, or thunderstorms, organized into a comma-like structure, which further evolved into a
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940:"New Zealand tour of India, 3rd Test: India v New Zealand at Cuttack, Nov 8-12, 1995"
653:
649:
547:
447:
413:
276:
248:
240:
105:
924:"Ship runs aground as cyclone slams India's east". Agence France-Presse. 1995-11-09.
689:– powerful cyclone in 2014 that also spawned snowfall and deadly avalanches in Nepal
39:
17:
944:
633:
308:
Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
288:
749:"Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre (RSMC) – Tropical Cyclones, New Delhi"
235:
incident in the country's history in November 1995. The storm originated from the
629:
567:
559:
551:
478:
420:
became the focus of the overall system on November 6. Located south of the
283:
855:. Hagåtña, Guam: Joint Typhoon Warning Center. pp. 214–238. Archived from
848:
Eric J. Trehubenko; Charles P. Guard; Gary B. Kubat; William J. Carle (1997).
668:
442:
282:
In India, the cyclone's strong winds were accompanied by heavy rainfall and a
184:
109:
628:
region of eastern Nepal received rare snowfall, as it is normally part of a
621:
617:
1114:"Nepalese authorities call off avalanche rescue despite reports of missing"
1188:
1007:. ReliefWeb. United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs. 1995-11-10
986:. ReliefWeb. United Nations Department of Humanitarian Affairs. 1995-11-09
645:
613:
466:
451:
268:
579:
571:
227:
that struck southeastern India which later spawned a rare snowstorm in
1172:"Report of avalanche accident at Pangka in 1995, Khumbu region, Nepal"
898:"Report on cyclonic disturbances over north Indian Ocean during 1995"
625:
474:
808:
Darwin Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre (November 1995).
641:
490:
486:
303:
293:
228:
188:
180:
1273:"Avalanche, landslide survivors are returning to Nepal's capital"
416:, with several associated circulations. A disturbance near the
469:
at peak intensity in eastern India, near the state borders of
454:-type eye". As such, the agency estimated peak 3 minutes
819:. Vol. 14, no. 11. Bureau of Meteorology. p. 2
1025:"Bangladesh floods". United Press International. 1995-05-10.
783:. United States Navy, United States Airforce. Archived from
1083:
Storms and Avalanches of November 1995, Khumbu Himal, Nepal
465:
Around 05:00 UTC on November 9, the cyclone made
332:
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
327:
Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
542:
were estimated at 130 km/h (80 mph). The lowest
441:. Intensification was also aided by increased upper-level
400:, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression
352:
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
347:
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
342:
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
337:
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
968:
243:, east of India, becoming the penultimate storm of the
966:
Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters.
624:
recorded 1,200 mm (47 in) of snowfall. The
538:, well southwest of the landfall location. Winds in
357:
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
176:
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143:
120:
99:
91:
72:
64:
56:
49:
1248:"Avalanche Near Mt. Everest Kills 26 at Trek Camp"
967:
648:, a mountain 18 km (11 mi) southeast of
546:in India was 982.1 mbar (29.00 inHg) in
1089:. Proceedings International Snow Science Workshop
754:. India Meteorological Department. Archived from
781:"Joint Typhoon Warning Center Mission Statement"
27:Category 1 North Indian tropical cyclone in 1995
1176:Journal of the Japanese Society of Snow and Ice
1005:"Bangladesh – Cyclone Information Report No. 2"
903:. India Meteorological Department. January 1996
1219:. Associated Press. 1995-11-12. Archived from
984:"Bangladesh – Cyclone Information Report No.1"
558:Along the Indian coast from Andhra Pradesh to
1210:"26 feared dead following avalanche in Nepal"
267:(JTWC). On November 9, the cyclone made
259:of at least 120 km/h (75 mph), the
8:
458:of 120 km/h (75 mph). The minimum
32:
1275:. Bryan, Ohio. Associated Press. 1995-11-15
1145:"Trekkers evacuated after Nepal avalanche"
1080:Richard Kattelmann; Tomomi Yamada (1997).
712:Regional Specialized Meteorological Center
529:Location in Nepal where avalanche occurred
450:had developed, described by the IMD as a "
198:
44:Satellite image of the storm near landfall
38:
31:
1187:
1138:
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919:
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969:"EM-DAT: The Emergency Events Database"
739:
699:
1299:1995 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
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1116:. Agence France-Presse. Archived from
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245:1995 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
211:1995 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
122:Category 1-equivalent tropical cyclone
1165:
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892:
890:
888:
886:
884:
882:
880:
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850:"1996 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report"
803:
801:
779:Joint Typhoon Warning Center (2011).
574:, and raining out two days play of a
7:
817:Darwin Tropical Diagnostic Statement
972:. Université catholique de Louvain.
1027: – via Lexis Nexis
926: – via Lexis Nexis
25:
671:
510:
503:
426:Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert
392:
382:
372:
708:India Meteorological Department
261:India Meteorological Department
714:for the northern Indian Ocean.
1:
607:of Nepal, a process known as
511:
725:Joint Typhoon Warning Center
566:ship was washed ashore near
408:In early November 1995, the
265:Joint Typhoon Warning Center
1309:Very severe cyclonic storms
1143:Gopal Sharma (1995-11-13).
477:, and close to the city of
231:, triggering the deadliest
147:130 km/h (80 mph)
95:120 km/h (75 mph)
1335:
1314:Tropical cyclones in Nepal
1304:Tropical cyclones in India
433:on the following day. The
239:on November 7 in the
168:$ 46.3 million (1995
74:Very severe cyclonic storm
206:
194:
127:
79:
37:
1112:Gary Borg (1995-11-15).
679:Tropical cyclones portal
287:damage was estimated at
1029:(subscription required)
928:(subscription required)
550:. The storm produced a
439:central dense overcast
412:was active across the
405:
300:Meteorological history
51:Meteorological history
1254:. Reuters. 1995-11-12
1217:Savannah Morning News
1189:10.5331/seppyo.58.145
536:Visakhapatnam Airport
398:Extratropical cyclone
307:
251:in the middle of the
1041:"1995 Flood Archive"
526:class=notpageimage|
319:Saffir–Simpson scale
100:Lowest pressure
18:1995 Gokyo avalanche
1043:. Dartmouth College
810:"Tropical Cyclones"
658:Mani Rimdu festival
605:Himalayan Mountains
544:barometric pressure
460:barometric pressure
388:Subtropical cyclone
271:near the border of
34:
576:Test cricket match
564:Indian Coast Guard
406:
221:1995 India cyclone
144:Highest winds
129:1-minute sustained
92:Highest winds
81:3-minute sustained
33:1995 India cyclone
1252:Los Angeles Times
632:. The village of
600:mountain trekking
422:subtropical ridge
233:mountain trekking
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68:November 11, 1995
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1277:. Retrieved
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1221:the original
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1118:the original
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945:ESPNcricinfo
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934:
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864:. Retrieved
857:the original
821:. Retrieved
816:
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785:the original
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763:. Retrieved
756:the original
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208:Part of the
128:
80:
29:
630:rain shadow
588:New Zealand
568:Bhubaneswar
560:West Bengal
552:storm surge
479:Ichchapuram
284:storm surge
160:236 overall
1293:Categories
1279:2015-12-01
1258:2015-12-01
1230:2015-12-01
1195:2015-12-01
1182:(2): 145.
1151:2015-12-01
1124:2015-12-01
1093:2015-11-30
1047:2015-01-01
1011:2015-12-01
990:2015-12-01
951:4 December
907:2015-11-23
866:2015-11-24
823:2015-11-29
791:2011-11-30
765:2015-04-24
735:References
443:divergence
435:convection
368:Storm type
253:convection
185:Bangladesh
157:Fatalities
65:Dissipated
1147:. Reuters
622:Gorakshep
618:Dingboche
665:See also
646:Gokyo Ri
614:Dhankuta
582:between
467:landfall
362:Unknown
269:landfall
580:Cuttack
572:Paradip
452:banding
312:Map key
196:IBTrACS
626:Khumbu
497:Impact
475:Odisha
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
277:Orissa
223:was a
165:Damage
57:Formed
1224:(PDF)
1213:(PDF)
1087:(PDF)
901:(PDF)
860:(PDF)
853:(PDF)
813:(PDF)
759:(PDF)
752:(PDF)
694:Notes
642:Gokyo
634:Thame
584:India
518:Gokyo
491:Nepal
487:Bihar
294:Gokyo
257:winds
229:Nepal
189:Nepal
181:India
133:SSHWS
953:2016
723:The
706:The
586:and
473:and
289:RS$
275:and
219:The
137:JTWC
114:inHg
110:mbar
104:978
1184:doi
578:in
448:eye
249:eye
170:USD
106:hPa
85:IMD
1295::
1250:.
1239:^
1215:.
1180:58
1174:.
1160:^
1133:^
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