381:
494:
373:
448:
42:
557:. Since they were positioned against a naval attack, they were poorly sited to engage the Japanese (although the long-range batteries had 360° fire due to lack of casemates, the disappearing batteries had about 170° fire). Other limiting factors were that they had mostly armor-piercing ammunition, and the open mountings were vulnerable to air and high-angle artillery attack.
1380:
carriage could elevate 15 degrees maximum; earlier models could not elevate that much until the rear mounting bracket was changed from a centerline to an upper position in the M1901. The M1901 could traverse 170 degrees, but some M1895MII emplacements could traverse 210 degrees. The M1895MII had a range of over 29,000 yards (26 kilometers).
435:, was convened in 1905. Taft recommended technical changes, such as more searchlights, electrification, and, in some cases, less guns in particular fortifications. The seacoast forts were funded under the Spooner Act of 1902 and construction began within a few years and lasted into the 1920s. The defenses of the Philippines on islands in
396:. When this proved to be too complex, guns were mounted on low-angle M1892 or M1897 barbette carriages. The M1897 carriage was actually an "altered gun lift" carriage, functionally equivalent to the barbette carriage. Eventually, the guns were mounted on M1896, M1897, or M1901 disappearing carriages designed by
463:
for use on the
Western Front. Among the weapons available were 45 12-inch guns, to be removed from fixed defenses or taken from spares. Twelve M1895 weapons were mounted on M1918 railway carriages (based on the French Batignolles mount) by mid-1919; it is unclear if any more were eventually mounted.
513:
Also during World War I, it was recognized that naval guns were rapidly improving and longer-range weapons were needed. Fourteen two-gun and two one-gun batteries were constructed with M1895 guns on the new M1917 long-range barbette carriage, which allowed an elevation of 35 degrees, compared to 15
391:
designed the gun and built the barrels. For several years, difficulties were encountered in building a disappearing carriage for the 12-inch gun. One alternative was the M1891 gun lift carriage, with the gun mounted on a large steam-powered elevator. Only one battery of this type was built, Battery
1379:
The M1895MI weighed 52 tons and the M1901 carriage weighed 251 tons. The projectile weight for all M1895 guns was 1,046 pounds. Each shell used 318 pounds of powder, but this was varied depending on range. The projectile achieved a muzzle velocity of 2,250 feet per second. The M1901 disappearing
473:), these never left the US. Although the twelve guns survived until early in World War II, they were not deployed. In 1941 they were declared "limited standard", and all but one were scrapped during the war. The survivor was used for experimental purposes at the
514:
degrees for the disappearing carriages. This increased the range from 18,400 yards (16,800 m) to 30,100 yards (27,500 m). Eleven of these batteries were in the continental United States, with two in Panama, one in Hawaii, and two one-gun batteries at
502:
561:
368:
for some 29 locations on the US coastline. Most of the board's recommendations were implemented. Coast artillery fortifications built between 1885 and 1905 are often referred to as "Endicott Period" fortifications.
359:
to review seacoast defenses. The findings of the board illustrated a grim picture of existing defenses, and in its 1886 report recommended a massive $ 127 million construction program of breech-loading cannons,
468:
by Lt. Col. H. W. Miller. The range of the railway weapon was 25,000 yards (23,000 m) at 38° elevation. Like almost all US-made railway guns of World War I (the notable exception being the US Navy's
327:
mountings. From 1919, 19 long-range two-gun batteries were built using the M1895 on an M1917 long-range barbette carriage. Almost all of the weapons not in the
Philippines were scrapped during and after
1346:
Additional batteries, including 14 two-gun batteries with long-range M1917 carriages (in addition to
Batteries Smith and Hearn on Corregidor), were located in the United States and its possessions.
1401:
Two 12-inch guns M1895 (#13 Bethlehem & #27 Watervliet) on disappearing carriages M1901 (#14 and #15 Watertown), Battery
Crockett, Fort Mills, Corregidor Island, Philippines
2694:
2689:
600:
batteries at most harbor defenses, all guns on disappearing carriages were scrapped in 1943–44. The long-range batteries' guns were scrapped soon after the war ended.
1407:
Two 12-inch guns M1895 (#37 & #12 Watervliet) on disappearing carriages M1901 (#16 and #17 Watertown), Battery Cheney, Fort Mills, Corregidor Island, Philippines
478:
365:
474:
1967:
1413:
One 12-inch gun M1895 (#36 Watervliet) (remains of disappearing carriage in front of the parapet), Battery
Wheeler, Fort Mills, Corregidor Island, Philippines
530:
against air attack, beginning in 1940 as World War II approached the United States. However, the batteries in the
Philippines were not casemated, as the 1923
534:
prohibited further fortification of US and
Japanese Pacific-area possessions, and in 1940–41 there was a lack of resources to do so. In some cases, an
1534:
404:. Bethlehem later built barrels as well. Detailed descriptions of the M1888 weapon, disappearing carriage, and gun lift carriage are in the US Army's
1451:
316:
1395:
One 12-inch gun M1895MIA4 (#6 Watervliet) on
Barbette Carriage M1917 (#30 Eng. Machine), Battery Hearn, Fort Mills, Corregidor Island, Philippines
1392:
One 12-inch gun M1895MIA4 (#1 Watervliet) on
Barbette Carriage M1917 (#31 Eng. Machine), Battery Smith, Fort Mills, Corregidor Island, Philippines
2396:
1416:
One 12-inch gun M1895 (#7 Bethlehem) on disappearing carriage M1901 (#2 Watertown), Battery
Wheeler, Fort Mills, Corregidor Island, Philippines
1873:
1845:
1480:
1446:
554:
2371:
2340:
2244:
2115:
2053:
581:
1410:
One 12-inch gun M1895 (#16 Watervliet) (may be spare gun for Battery Cheney), Bottomside Area, Fort Mills, Corregidor Island, Philippines
1921:
1456:
1776:
1826:
1582:
380:
2519:
493:
456:
419:, the government wanted to protect American seaports in the event of war, and also protect newly gained territory, such as the
1623:
345:
341:
2211:
470:
1972:
2625:
1635:
Instructions for mounting, using and caring for Barbette carriage, model of 1917 for 12-inch gun, model of 1895 MI (1917)
1025:
Two of three M1894 altered lift carriages produced, and received third from Battery Ash at Fort Worden, removed in 1909.
597:
2656:
2600:
2201:
2150:
1951:
1474:
361:
2534:
2709:
2699:
2478:
1054:
Emplacement 2 originally installed on M1894 altered lift carriage—dismantled and parts sent to Fort Flagler, 1909
593:
2704:
2684:
2661:
2646:
1977:
1398:
One 12-inch gun M1895MIA4 (#8 Watervliet) (spare gun), Battery Hearn, Fort Mills, Corregidor Island, Philippines
416:
2237:
1159:
947:
393:
1597:
1419:
One 12-inch gun M1895 (#10 Bethlehem) (spare gun), Battery Wheeler, Fort Mills, Corregidor Island, Philippines
1404:
One 12-inch gun M1895 (#8 Bethlehem) (spare gun), Battery Crockett, Fort Mills, Corregidor Island, Philippines
1914:
1422:
One 12-inch gun M1895MIA1 (#19) on railway mount M1918 (#9 Marion steam shovel), U.S. Army Ordnance School,
1004:
531:
356:
2630:
1993:
1612:
1558:
974:
589:
1523:
2335:
2048:
2028:
1894:
1468:
800:
577:
218:
2580:
2186:
935:
two M1895 12-inch guns replaced two M1900 12-inch guns (installed 1906, rebuilt as AMTB 90mm battery)
384:
A coastal defense 12-inch gun on an M1895 disappearing carriage, showing raised and lowered positions.
2401:
2063:
2058:
2038:
401:
2274:
1731:
372:
2406:
2230:
2125:
1535:
FM 4-80 Seacoast Artillery: Service of the Piece – 12-Inch and 14-Inch Guns (Disappearing Carriage)
827:
539:
482:
181:
2575:
2565:
2539:
2488:
2452:
2426:
2294:
2289:
2170:
2018:
2013:
1907:
428:
388:
223:
194:
133:
115:
86:
550:
Along with other coast artillery weapons, the 12-inch guns in the Philippines saw action in the
447:
410:
Ordnance supply manual by George L. Lohrer, United States Army, Ordnance Dept, 1904, pp. 115–211
2620:
2615:
2610:
2595:
2196:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2140:
1869:
1841:
1822:
1578:
703:
409:
405:
308:
55:
2651:
2590:
2570:
2560:
2529:
2524:
2284:
2191:
2135:
2130:
2120:
2110:
2094:
2089:
2043:
2033:
2023:
1423:
1151:
978:
352:
348:
320:
238:
400:; when the gun was fired, it dropped behind a concrete or earthen wall for protection from
2493:
2391:
2222:
2084:
2079:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1434:
941:
761:
535:
397:
264:
137:
1899:
1634:
1155:
1092:
642:
551:
2678:
2585:
2544:
2498:
2483:
2473:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2381:
2376:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
1946:
1096:
699:
585:
568:
Three additional long-range casemated batteries were constructed during the war, at
497:
M1895 12-inch gun on M1917 long-range high-angle barbette carriage, Corregidor, 2012
41:
2514:
2457:
2330:
2279:
2269:
733:
501:
460:
432:
329:
100:
1859:. Vol. I and II. Washington: US Government Printing Office. pp. 197–250.
526:. The guns were originally in open mounts with protected magazines, but most were
17:
2386:
1062:
1033:
885:
523:
420:
408:. Detailed parts lists for the M1888 weapon and supporting equipment are in the
96:
1889:
1677:
1430:
1243:
1214:
856:
771:
767:
569:
519:
515:
436:
246:
174:
1791:
1778:
2447:
2442:
2254:
1931:
560:
315:
between 1895 and 1945. For most of their history they were operated by the
1645:
889:
573:
527:
506:
324:
254:
234:
737:
312:
208:
1577:. Ramsbury, Wiltshire, UK: The Crowood Press, Ltd. pp. 141–142.
427:, from enemy attack. A new Board of Fortifications, under President
1707:
1696:. Bel Air, Maryland: Coast Defense Study Group Press. p. 228.
559:
500:
492:
446:
379:
371:
376:
M1895 coastal defense 12-inch gun on M1896 disappearing carriage.
424:
2226:
1903:
1524:
Description of 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16-inch Seacoast Guns, p. 32
1895:
TM 4-210, Seacoast Artillery Weapons (1944) page at the CDSG
564:
Victorious Japanese troops atop Battery Hearn on 6 May 1942
464:
A detailed description of the railway mounting is given in
1708:"Battery Ash - FortWiki Historic U.S. and Canadian Forts"
1753:
American Defenses of Corregidor and Manila Bay 1898–1945
1547:
American Defenses of Corregidor and Manila Bay 1898–1945
279:
long-range M1917 barbette: 30,100 yards (27,500 m),
46:
12-inch M1895 coastal defense gun being fired by lanyard
1613:
Handbook of Ordnance Data, 15 November 1918, pp. 97–108
1549:, Osprey Publishing Ltd.; 1st edition, 2003; pages 7–8.
1655:
1653:
1755:, Osprey Publishing Ltd.; 1st edition, 2003; page 59.
2639:
2553:
2507:
2466:
2435:
2364:
2323:
2262:
2179:
2103:
2072:
1986:
1960:
1939:
509:
gun, typical of batteries casemated in World War II
285:
273:
263:
245:
229:
217:
207:
193:
173:
165:
157:
152:
144:
129:
121:
111:
106:
92:
82:
74:
69:
61:
51:
32:
1866:American Breechloading Mobile Artillery, 1875-1953
790:shipped to Battery Cheney, Fort Mills, Corregidor
459:, the army recognized the need for large-caliber
1204:captured by the Japanese 1942; recaptured 1945)
1646:Coast Defense Study Group fort and battery list
1501:
1499:
1497:
1463:Weapons of comparable role, performance and era
1316:captured by the Japanese 1942; recaptured 1945
1289:captured by the Japanese 1942; recaptured 1945
1262:captured by the Japanese 1942; recaptured 1945
1233:captured by the Japanese 1942; recaptured 1945
479:U.S. Army Ordnance Training and Heritage Center
1483:- contemporary French naval and railway weapon
875:one gun removed in 1918 and the other in 1943
475:Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division
203:1,070 pounds (490 kg) AP shot & shell
2238:
1915:
1868:. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Publishing.
1819:American Seacoast Defenses, A Reference Guide
1694:American Seacoast Defenses: A Reference Guide
251:disappearing: 170° (varied with emplacement),
8:
1838:Seacoast Fortifications of the United States
2695:World War II artillery of the United States
1545:Berhow, Mark A. and McGovern, Terrance C.,
1299:Fort Mills, Corregidor, Philippine Islands
1272:Fort Mills, Corregidor, Philippine Islands
1188:Fort Mills, Corregidor, Philippine Islands
277:disappearing: 18,400 yards (16,800 m),
2690:World War I artillery of the United States
2245:
2231:
2223:
1922:
1908:
1900:
1751:Berhow, Mark A. and McGovern, Terrance C.
1125:Fort Wadsworth, Richmond County, New York
607:
311:pieces installed to defend major American
29:
1372:M1895MI rifle 12" 442.56" 115,000 lb
604:M1895 12-inch coastal artillery batteries
161:115,000 pounds (52,163 kilograms) (M1895)
1968:Canon d'Infanterie de 37 modèle 1916 TRP
1732:Search on FortWiki for M1895 12-inch gun
1624:US Army Railway Artillery in World War I
1559:America's Munitions 1917-1918, pp. 96–98
1452:United States Army Coast Artillery Corps
323:, with early installations on low-angle
317:United States Army Coast Artillery Corps
1678:FortWiki on Battery Parrott, Ft. Monroe
1568:
1566:
1493:
1369:M1895 rifle 12" 442.56" 115,000 lb
1366:M1888MII rifle 12" 440" 117,127 lb
1363:M1888MI rifle 12" 440" 117,127 lb
596:. With the additional construction of
253:long-range M1917 barbette: 360° (145°
1687:
1685:
1447:Seacoast defense in the United States
281:railway: 30,100 yards (27,500 m)
241:, M1917 long-range barbette from 1920
7:
2372:75 mm field gun M1897 on M2 carriage
2341:75 mm field gun M1897 on M2 carriage
1375:M1900 rifle 12" 480" 132,380 lb
1360:M1888 rifle 12" 440" 117,127 lb
406:Artillery circular 1893, pp. 195–207
269:2,250 feet per second (690 m/s)
1840:. Annapolis: Leeward Publications.
1477:- contemporary British naval weapon
1457:Coast Artillery fire control system
1388:No M1888 or M1900 weapons survive.
538:was mounted atop a 12-inch gun for
299:(305 mm) and its variants the
1481:Canon de 305 mm Modèle 1893/96 gun
25:
1600:Railway Artillery, Vols. I and II
1246:, Corregidor, Philippine Islands
1217:, Corregidor, Philippine Islands
297:12-inch coastal defense gun M1895
477:until it was transferred to the
40:
2054:BL 8-inch howitzer Mk VI – VIII
1836:Lewis, Emanuel Raymond (1979).
1821:(Second ed.). CDSG Press.
1575:Allied Artillery of World War I
457:American entry into World War I
439:were built under this program.
355:, was tasked with creating the
233:M1891 gun lift, M1892 or M1897
672:Fort Wetherill, Jamestown, RI
274:Maximum firing range
184:(442.56 inches; 11.241 meters)
1:
1973:37 mm Infantry Gun Model 1917
1817:Berhow, Mark A., ed. (2004).
1471:- contemporary US Navy weapon
1074:M1901 disappearing carriages
1016:M1894 altered lift carriages
169:442.56 inches (11.241 meters)
2657:12-inch coast defense mortar
2601:12-inch coast defense mortar
2365:Field, medium and heavy guns
2202:12-inch coast defense mortar
2151:12-inch coast defense mortar
1987:Field, medium and heavy guns
1952:QF 6-pounder 6 cwt Hotchkiss
1475:BL 12-inch Mk VIII naval gun
451:A 12-inch M1895 railway gun.
201:975 pounds (442 kg) AP,
2535:3-inch anti-aircraft gun M3
2412:155 mm gun M1/M2 "Long Tom"
1864:Williford, Glen M. (2016).
1602:, 1921, Vol. I, pp. 197–250
471:14"/50 caliber railway guns
2726:
2212:14"/50 caliber railway gun
594:Charleston, South Carolina
364:, floating batteries, and
1978:QF 2.95-inch mountain gun
1429:One 12-inch gun M1895 at
1045:M1892 barbette carriages
723:guns sent to Puerto Rico
466:Railway Artillery, Vol. I
319:. Most were installed on
188:
62:Place of origin
39:
1692:Berhow, Mark A. (1999).
1598:Miller, H. W., LTC, USA
948:Fort Hancock, New Jersey
555:invasion in World War II
394:Fort Hancock, New Jersey
237:, M1896, M1897 or M1901
2116:4.72-inch Armstrong gun
681:disappearing carriages
532:Washington Naval Treaty
357:Board of Fortifications
2631:16-inch howitzer M1920
1994:3-inch M1902 field gun
1890:FortWiki gun type list
1855:Miller, H. W. (1921).
917:Fort Monroe, Virginia
565:
510:
498:
452:
385:
377:
321:disappearing carriages
2626:16-inch Marks 2 and 3
2499:8 inch howitzer M1/M2
2467:Other vehicle-mounted
2417:8 inch howitzer M1/M2
2397:155 mm howitzer M1918
2207:12-inch gun M1895MIA1
2049:155 mm howitzer M1917
2029:6-inch howitzer M1908
1573:Hogg, Ian V. (1998).
1324:Fort Miles, Delaware
801:Fort Morgan (Alabama)
578:San Juan, Puerto Rico
563:
504:
496:
450:
431:'s secretary of war,
383:
375:
2554:Coast artillery guns
2474:75 mm howitzer M2/M3
2126:6-inch Armstrong gun
2104:Coast artillery guns
2064:240 mm trench mortar
2059:BL 9.2-inch howitzer
1668:Williford, pp. 80-83
417:Spanish–American War
402:counter-battery fire
265:Muzzle velocity
1961:Small and pack guns
1792:38.7761°N 75.0872°W
1788: /
1764:Berhow, pp. 229-230
1742:Berhow, pp. 200–223
1659:Berhow, pp. 224–226
1514:Berhow, pp. 130–155
1147:Battery Butterfield
828:Fort Winfield Scott
654:barbette carriages
540:subcaliber training
489:Long-range mounting
342:William C. Endicott
148:M1888, M1895, M1900
2576:155 mm gun M1918MI
2508:Anti-aircraft guns
2489:155 mm gun M1917MI
2484:105 mm howitzer M2
2453:4.2 inch mortar M2
2427:240 mm howitzer M1
2407:155 mm gun M1918MI
2402:155 mm howitzer M1
2387:105 mm howitzer M3
2382:105 mm howitzer M2
2300:105 mm howitzer M4
2275:75 mm gun M2/M3/M6
2171:155 mm gun M1918MI
2073:Anti-aircraft guns
2019:4.7-inch gun M1906
2014:3.2-inch gun M1897
1773:Gun is located at
1469:12"/35 caliber gun
1384:Surviving examples
566:
511:
499:
483:Fort Lee, Virginia
453:
429:Theodore Roosevelt
389:Watervliet Arsenal
386:
378:
224:Welin breech block
134:Watervliet Arsenal
116:Watervliet Arsenal
107:Production history
87:United States Army
34:12-inch gun M1895
2710:Disappearing guns
2700:Coastal artillery
2670:
2669:
2640:Railway artillery
2621:16-inch gun M1919
2616:16-inch gun M1895
2611:14-inch gun M1907
2606:12-inch gun M1895
2596:10-inch gun M1895
2581:7"/45 caliber gun
2377:75 mm howitzer M1
2220:
2219:
2197:10-inch gun M1895
2187:7"/45 caliber gun
2180:Railway artillery
2166:16-inch gun M1919
2161:16-inch gun M1895
2156:14-inch gun M1907
2146:12-inch gun M1895
2141:10-inch gun M1895
1875:978-0-7643-5049-8
1857:Railway Artillery
1847:978-0-929521-11-4
1797:38.7761; -75.0872
1344:
1343:
823:Battery Lancaster
796:Battery Duportail
729:Battery Pensacola
704:New Castle County
582:Sullivan's Island
309:coastal artillery
293:
292:
199:separate loading,
140:, possibly others
56:Coastal artillery
27:Coastal artillery
18:12-inch Gun M1895
16:(Redirected from
2717:
2705:305 mm artillery
2685:World War I guns
2652:8-inch gun M1888
2591:8-inch gun M1888
2571:6-inch gun M1903
2561:3-inch gun M1903
2530:3-inch gun M1918
2525:3-inch gun M1917
2247:
2240:
2233:
2224:
2192:8-inch gun M1888
2136:8-inch gun M1888
2131:6-inch gun M1897
2121:5-inch gun M1897
2111:3-inch gun M1903
2095:3-inch gun M1918
2090:3-inch gun M1917
2044:155 mm GPF M1918
2039:6-inch gun M1917
2034:6-inch gun M1903
2024:5-inch gun M1897
1924:
1917:
1910:
1901:
1879:
1860:
1851:
1832:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1800:
1799:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1781:
1771:
1765:
1762:
1756:
1749:
1743:
1740:
1734:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1689:
1680:
1675:
1669:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1648:
1643:
1637:
1632:
1626:
1621:
1615:
1610:
1604:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1570:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1543:
1537:
1532:
1526:
1521:
1515:
1512:
1506:
1503:
1424:Fort Gregg-Adams
1296:
1269:
1254:M1901 carriages
1240:
1225:M1901 carriages
1211:
1196:M1901 carriages
1185:
1184:Battery Crockett
1170:M1897 carriages
1152:Fort H.G. Wright
1148:
1122:
1107:M1897 carriages
1089:
1001:Battery Wilhelm
988:M1897 carriages
971:
944:
926:M1901 carriages
914:
899:M1901 carriages
882:
867:M1897 carriages
853:
838:M1897 carriages
824:
797:
781:M1897 carriages
764:
747:M1897 carriages
730:
714:M1896 carriages
696:
669:
645:, Jamestown, RI
639:
608:
443:Railway mounting
353:secretary of war
349:Grover Cleveland
286:Feed system
44:
35:
30:
21:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2675:
2674:
2671:
2666:
2635:
2549:
2503:
2479:75 mm gun M1897
2462:
2448:81 mm mortar M1
2443:60 mm mortar M2
2431:
2392:4.5 inch gun M1
2360:
2319:
2270:37 mm gun M5/M6
2258:
2257:of World War II
2251:
2221:
2216:
2175:
2099:
2085:75 mm gun M1916
2080:75 mm gun M1897
2068:
2009:75 mm gun M1917
2004:75 mm gun M1916
1999:75 mm gun M1897
1982:
1956:
1935:
1928:
1886:
1876:
1863:
1854:
1848:
1835:
1829:
1816:
1813:
1808:
1807:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1787:
1782:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1768:
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1640:
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1629:
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1607:
1596:
1592:
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1572:
1571:
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1540:
1533:
1529:
1522:
1518:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1495:
1490:
1465:
1443:
1435:Lewes, Delaware
1386:
1357:
1352:
1340:abandoned 1958
1308:M1917 carriage
1294:
1281:M1917 carriage
1267:
1239:Battery Wheeler
1238:
1209:
1183:
1146:
1133:M1896 carriage
1120:
1097:Richmond County
1087:
1059:Battery Kinzie
969:
958:M1917 carriage
942:Battery Kingman
940:
913:Battery Parrott
912:
881:Battery DeRussy
880:
852:Battery Chester
851:
822:
795:
760:
728:
695:Battery Torbert
694:
668:Battery Wheaton
667:
637:
606:
590:Harbor Defenses
548:
536:M1916 75 mm gun
491:
445:
398:Bethlehem Steel
366:submarine mines
338:
280:
278:
258:
252:
202:
200:
189:
138:Bethlehem Steel
75:In service
70:Service history
47:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2723:
2721:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2677:
2676:
2668:
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2573:
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2517:
2511:
2509:
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2501:
2496:
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2362:
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2359:
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2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2327:
2325:
2324:Anti-tank guns
2321:
2320:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2310:120 mm gun T53
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2266:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2253:United States
2252:
2250:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2227:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2133:
2128:
2123:
2118:
2113:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1990:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1934:of World War I
1930:United States
1929:
1927:
1926:
1919:
1912:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1885:
1884:External links
1882:
1881:
1880:
1874:
1861:
1852:
1846:
1833:
1827:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1805:
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1376:
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1351:
1350:Specifications
1348:
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1333:
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1328:
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1247:
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1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1212:
1210:Battery Cheney
1206:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1174:
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1168:
1166:
1163:
1160:Suffolk County
1156:Fishers Island
1149:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1121:Battery Hudson
1117:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1093:Fort Wadsworth
1090:
1084:
1083:
1081:
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1060:
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673:
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664:
663:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:Fort Wetherill
640:
638:Battery Varnum
634:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
605:
602:
547:
544:
490:
487:
485:in the 2000s.
444:
441:
337:
334:
291:
290:
287:
283:
282:
275:
271:
270:
267:
261:
260:
249:
243:
242:
231:
227:
226:
221:
215:
214:
213:12 in (305 mm)
211:
205:
204:
197:
191:
190:
186:
185:
178:
171:
170:
167:
163:
162:
159:
155:
154:
153:Specifications
150:
149:
146:
142:
141:
131:
127:
126:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
104:
103:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
53:
49:
48:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2722:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2673:
2663:
2662:14-inch M1920
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2647:8-inch Mk. VI
2645:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2586:8-inch Mk. VI
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2506:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2494:155 mm gun M2
2492:
2490:
2487:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2475:
2472:
2471:
2469:
2465:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2422:8-inch gun M1
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
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2380:
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2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2363:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2316:
2315:155 mm gun T7
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2305:105 mm gun T5
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2295:90 mm gun T15
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2285:3-inch gun M7
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
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2261:
2256:
2248:
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2236:
2234:
2229:
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2225:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1947:Puteaux SA 18
1945:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1933:
1925:
1920:
1918:
1913:
1911:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1867:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1828:0-9748167-0-1
1824:
1820:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1801:
1770:
1767:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1728:
1725:
1713:
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1695:
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1628:
1625:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1594:
1591:
1586:
1584:1-86126-104-7
1580:
1576:
1569:
1567:
1563:
1560:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1520:
1517:
1511:
1508:
1505:Berhow, p. 61
1502:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1487:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1466:
1462:
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1448:
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1432:
1428:
1425:
1421:
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1412:
1409:
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1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1383:
1381:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1347:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:Battery Smith
1293:
1292:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:Battery Hearn
1266:
1265:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1208:
1207:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1088:Battery Ayres
1086:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1065:, Washington
1064:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1036:, Washington
1035:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1007:, Washington
1006:
1003:
1000:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
976:
973:
970:Battery Mahan
968:
967:
964:
962:
960:
957:
954:
951:
949:
946:
943:
939:
938:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
919:
916:
911:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
887:
884:
879:
878:
874:
872:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:, California
858:
855:
850:
849:
846:
843:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:, California
829:
826:
821:
820:
817:
814:
811:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
794:
793:
789:
786:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
769:
766:
763:
762:Battery Kirby
759:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
735:
732:
727:
726:
722:
719:
716:
713:
711:
708:
705:
701:
700:Fort Delaware
698:
693:
692:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
671:
666:
665:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
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641:
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635:
631:
628:
625:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
609:
603:
601:
599:
595:
591:
587:
586:Fort Moultrie
583:
579:
575:
571:
562:
558:
556:
553:
545:
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
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508:
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318:
314:
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276:
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232:
228:
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210:
206:
198:
196:
192:
187:
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179:
176:
172:
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164:
160:
156:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
132:
128:
124:
120:
117:
114:
110:
105:
102:
98:
95:
91:
88:
85:
81:
77:
73:
68:
65:United States
64:
60:
57:
54:
50:
43:
38:
31:
19:
2672:
2605:
2458:Little David
2290:90 mm gun M3
2280:76 mm gun M1
2206:
2145:
1865:
1856:
1837:
1818:
1811:Bibliography
1769:
1760:
1752:
1747:
1738:
1727:
1715:. Retrieved
1712:fortwiki.com
1711:
1702:
1693:
1673:
1664:
1641:
1630:
1619:
1608:
1599:
1593:
1574:
1554:
1546:
1541:
1530:
1519:
1510:
1387:
1378:
1345:
1030:Battery Ash
1005:Fort Flagler
734:Fort Pickens
629:Deactivated
567:
549:
546:World War II
512:
465:
461:railway guns
454:
433:William Taft
414:
387:
339:
330:World War II
304:
300:
296:
294:
259:railway: 10°
239:disappearing
177: length
130:Manufacturer
101:World War II
83:Used by
1795: /
1717:31 December
1162:, New York
1099:, New York
1063:Fort Worden
1034:Fort Worden
975:Fort Totten
886:Fort Monroe
706:, Delaware
598:16-inch gun
524:Philippines
421:Philippines
307:were large
97:World War I
2679:Categories
1783:75°05′14″W
1780:38°46′34″N
1488:References
1431:Fort Miles
1355:Variations
1244:Fort Mills
1215:Fort Mills
857:Fort Miley
772:California
768:Fort Baker
570:Fort Miles
520:Corregidor
516:Fort Mills
455:After the
437:Manila Bay
415:After the
392:Potter at
2545:120 mm M1
2346:3 inch M5
2263:Tank guns
2255:artillery
1940:Tank guns
1932:artillery
1330:M1895MII
1305:M1895MII
1278:M1895MII
1042:M1888MII
1013:M1888MII
623:Carriage
614:Location
580:, and on
528:casemated
507:casemated
346:President
340:In 1885,
255:casemated
78:1895–1945
2566:90 mm M1
2540:90 mm M1
2520:40 mm M1
2515:37 mm M1
2356:105mm T8
2351:90 mm T8
2336:57 mm M1
2331:37 mm M3
1441:See also
1321:BCN 519
1071:M1895MI
979:New York
955:M1895MI
890:Virginia
574:Delaware
552:Japanese
505:12-inch
325:barbette
313:seaports
247:Traverse
235:barbette
230:Carriage
182:calibers
145:Variants
122:Designed
112:Designer
2436:Mortars
738:Florida
588:in the
522:in the
362:mortars
336:History
209:Caliber
1872:
1844:
1825:
1581:
923:M1900
678:M1888
651:M1888
632:Notes
626:Built
620:Model
219:Breech
175:Barrel
166:Length
1426:, VA.
1335:1943
1311:1921
1284:1921
1257:1909
1228:1910
1199:1911
1176:1944
1173:1900
1139:1918
1136:1909
1113:1942
1110:1902
1080:1944
1077:1908
1051:1942
1048:1898
1022:1942
1019:1897
994:1918
991:1900
932:1943
929:1928
905:1944
902:1904
870:1902
844:1918
841:1901
815:1923
812:1900
787:1941
784:1900
753:1934
750:1898
720:1940
717:1901
687:1945
684:1908
660:1943
657:1903
611:Name
584:near
305:M1900
301:M1888
195:Shell
1870:ISBN
1842:ISBN
1823:ISBN
1719:2019
1579:ISBN
425:Cuba
423:and
303:and
295:The
289:hand
158:Mass
125:1888
93:Wars
52:Type
592:of
518:on
481:at
351:'s
180:35
2681::
1710:.
1684:^
1652:^
1565:^
1496:^
1433:,
1327:2
1302:1
1275:1
1249:2
1220:2
1191:2
1165:2
1158:,
1154:,
1128:1
1102:2
1095:,
1068:2
1039:2
1010:2
983:2
977:,
952:1
920:2
894:3
888:,
862:2
833:2
805:2
776:2
770:,
742:2
736:,
709:3
702:,
675:2
648:2
617:#
576:,
572:,
542:.
412:.
344:,
332:.
257:),
136:,
99:,
2246:e
2239:t
2232:v
1923:e
1916:t
1909:v
1878:.
1850:.
1831:.
1721:.
1587:.
20:)
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