526:
595:; it excluded the transport aircraft of the former 36th Separate Composite Aviation Regiment. The 412th included the squadron formed from the 120th GIAP, which was split into two MiG-29 squadrons at Domna. The personnel and equipment of the aviation group of the 6980th Aviation Base of the 2nd category also became part of the 412th Aviation Base, which included the assault and helicopter elements of the 320th. The base included the 1st and 2nd aviation squadrons with the Su-25, 3rd and 4th aviation squadrons with the MiG-29, the 5th helicopter squadron with the Mi-24, and the 6th helicopter squadron with the Mi-8. The helicopter squadrons remained at Cheryomushki, but the Su-25 squadrons transferred to Domna from Step.
202:
525:
497:
the base. Three pilots of the regiment volunteered to stay behind to fix the engine to prevent the aircraft from capture by the
Mujahideen. Under fire, the pilots repaired the engine and did not leave the base until the aircraft had taken off. In five months of operations, the regiment flew 3,950 combat sorties in 2,350 flight hours, of which 529 sorties were providing escort to aircraft, 121 were air reconnaissance, and 3,300 were airstrikes. For their actions, six personnel of the 120th IAP were awarded the
168:
549:. The transfer of aircraft did not begin until January 1993, and the regiment suffered from an initial shortage of ground equipment for the MiG-29s, abandoned by the 176th in its hasty withdrawal from newly independent Georgia. The MiG-29s were flown from Bagay-Baranvoka with several stops for refueling and by April the 120th IAP received all of the aircraft. Several newer MiG-29S from the 343rd Instructor IAP at Bagay-Baranovka were also transferred to the regiment. Its old MiG-23MLDs were sent to the
627:. Ten more aircraft followed in 2014, and by the end of that year almost all of the pilots of the 120th completed training on the new airframe. Meanwhile, further organizational changes occurred as the Russian Air Force transitioned back to a regimental structure: the aviation base was reorganized into the 120th Separate Composite Aviation Regiment under the 3rd Air and Air Defense Forces Command on 1 December 2013. The regiment included four squadrons at Domna, two of which were equipped with the
558:
Krivoshapko. Rubel was killed instantly, but
Krivoshapko ejected safely. Both pilots were experienced and the accident occurred in clear weather; investigators faulted inadequate interception training for pilots, lack of communication between ground control and pilots, and the failure of the ground control officer to use radar altitude control which resulted in the approach being aborted too late to avoid the accident. Another fatal MiG-29 crash occurred during air show rehearsals over
432:. The regiment was one of the last air units sent to the country as Soviet forces had begun their withdrawal from it several months earlier. The 120th IAP arrived at Bagram on 19 August, and its structure differed from previous MiG-23 regiments sent to Afghanistan in that its squadrons were reinforced, with the 1st squadron numbering nineteen MiG-23MLD and two MiG-23UB, while the 2nd Squadron had fourteen MiG-23MLD and two MiG-23UB. The regiment was based at
407:, its planes delivered directly from the aircraft factories. The aircraft of the regiment were upgraded to the MiG-23MLD standard by 1982. In 1979, the regiment was awarded the Ministry of Defense Pennant for placing first among leader regiments. From 25 February to 17 March 1982, the 120th IAP conducted a long-range flight to Mary, where all 40 of its aircraft participated in readiness tests involving evaluations of its flying skills, and firing missiles at
477:
250 kg or 500 kg bombs on these missions. 80 percent of the regimental sorties in 1988 were bombing missions, while only 15 percent were traditional fighter patrol or escort missions and four percent reconnaissance. The standby flight at Bagram provided air patrols over the airfield and was on alert for special missions, such as covering the airspace of Kabul during the visit of Soviet foreign minister
599:
214:
29:
379:. The 1st Aviation Squadron was formed from pilots of the 927th and 968th IAPs of the 26th Air Army, while the 2nd and 3rd Aviation Squadrons were formed from pilots transferred from other Air Force units and recent graduates of flying schools. Under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Solomon Zeltser, it was equipped with the
562:
on 22 August 1995 when the pilot lost control and dived into the ground. Two more MiG-29s were lost on 4 March 1996 when they collided with each other while performing aerobatics, although their pilots escaped. The incident was blamed on the lack of rear- and side-view mirrors in early model MiG-29s.
496:
airfield on 25 January 1989; it was the last Soviet aviation regiment to depart the country. On the day of the withdrawal, the final MiG-23s of the regiment left Bagram and the mechanics of the regiment began to leave the base. However, one of the MiG-23s developed engine failure and had to return to
606:
In the span of less than two months between
October and December 2008, two MiG-29s of the 120th IAP crashed, one fatally; both were attributed to mechanical failures in the aging MiG-29s of the regiment. The original MiG-29s of the regiment were replaced and cannibalized for spare parts for slightly
553:
air base for storage. The first flight of the regiment on the MiG-29 took place on 25 January, and the regiment continued the shark mouth tradition with the new aircraft. Over the next year, regiment continued familiarization and mastery of the MiG-29, with one disadvantage of the MiG-29 compared to
646:
On 1 November 2015, the regiment was reorganized as the 120th
Separate Fighter Aviation Regiment of the 11th Air and Air Defense Forces Army, with the Su-25s returning to the reformed 266th Assault Aviation Regiment. By 2017 the MiG-29s of the regiment had been retired and replaced by the Su-30SM,
468:
were flown in to reinforce it on 17 September, becoming the 3rd squadron of the regiment under the command of an officer from the 32nd. In
Afghanistan, the MiG-23s of the 2nd squadron were painted on the nose with a distinctive shark mouth insignia, while those of the 1st squadron bore a soaring
557:
A fatal collision revealed training issues in the regiment: during a mock interception in early June, the canopy of the MiG-29 flown by deputy regimental commander for flight training
Lieutenant Colonel Vyacheslav Rubel struck the tail section of the MiG-29 of squadron commander Major Vladimir
476:
and prevent their advance along roads that were being used for the Soviet withdrawal. This mission was carried out by systematically area bombing selected grid squares, resulting in the expenditure of 129,000 bombs by the regiment in 1988. The MiG-23s of the 120th typically carried a pair of
611:
in 2009. The aircraft of the regiment had not been overhauled or modernized during their service. A September 2012 crash that killed squadron commander
Lieutenant Colonel Albert Khadzhiyarov was attributed to mechanical failure, resulting in a temporary suspension of MiG-29 flights.
578:
earlier that year when the
Russian Air Force was reorganized. During the reform of the Russian Air Force on 1 December 2009, the regiment was reorganized into the fighter aviation squadron of the 320th Aviation Base. The 320th Aviation Base also included squadrons formed from the
427:
On 8 August 1988, the personnel of the 120th IAP forming two squadrons, maintenance personnel, and the regimental group under the command of regimental commander
Colonel Valentin Burakov began deploying to Afghanistan during the
506:
643:. Although reports of their presence in Syria, first detected from photographs by Syrian social media users, were officially denied, two pilots of the regiment were decorated in March 2016 for their actions in Syria.
690:
The honorary title Brest was awarded to the 946th
Assault Aviation Regiment, predecessor of the 189th Guards Assault Aviation Regiment on 10 August 1944 in recognition of its role in the capture of the city of
402:
and spent a month there training. At the end of the year, the regiment was rated excellent and was awarded the right to be called a leader. On 7 February 1978, the regiment flew its first flights on the new
320:. After its disbandment in 2009 during the reform of the Russian Air Force, the aircraft and pilots of the regiment became part of the 320th and then the 412th Aviation Base. They began to convert to the
464:
on such missions. The increased number of aircraft placed additional burdens on the personnel of the regiment, and as a result four flights of pilots and a full complement of mechanics from the
419:. During the same year, all flight personnel of the regiment were qualified as 1st class military pilots and sniper military pilots. In August 1986, the regiment was awarded a new battle flag.
1422:
1427:
640:
329:
140:
460:
bombers. To meet the bombers operating from airfields in Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan at the far end of their range, the MiG-23 of the regiment replaced their missiles with
566:
The 120th IAP became the 120th Guards Brest Order of Suvorov 3rd class Fighter Aviation Regiment on 28 April 1998 when it received the traditions of the nearby disbanded
514:
472:
The fighters of the 120th IAP flew their first independent sortie on 20 August 1988, the day after they arrived. The MiG-23s were tasked with airstrikes to hold back the
395:
and began air defense operations late that year, receiving the upgraded MiG-21bis within the next several years. On 2 April 1972, the regiment received its battle flag.
391:
in July 1971 in order to strengthen the Soviet air component on the border with China, its pilots making the flight in their aircraft. At Domna, the regiment joined the
1358:
563:
The last of the 120th's crashes of the 1990s was a fatal MiG-29 crash on 25 September 1998 caused by a worn-out engine catching fire during a training flight.
1417:
651:. On 8 November 2018, the Guards title of the regiment was restored by official decree, and it became the 120th Separate Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment.
554:
the MiG-23 being the difficulty of operating the former in extremely cold winter conditions, addressed by warming up the engines hours before flights.
1225:"Отдельному штурмовому авиационному полку Восточного военного округа, дислоцированному в Забайкальском крае, было вручено боевое знамя нового образца"
635:
under the cover of exercises and on 18 September 2015 flew through Azerbaijani, Iranian, and Iraqi airspace to join other Russian aviation units at
682:
The decorations and honorifics of the regiment were inherited in 1998 from those earned by the 189th Guards Bomber Aviation Regiment's predecessor
1329:
663:
608:
591:
stationed in the region. On 1 December 2010, the 412th Aviation Base of the 2nd category was formed at Domna and Cheryomushki as part of the
575:
274:
112:
201:
1270:
167:
489:
488:
aircraft entering Afghan airspace, including the downing of a Pakistani helicopter by Major V. Astakhov on 26 September. The regiment
316:
during the 1990s, the regiment inherited the traditions of the disbanded 189th Guards Bomber Aviation Regiment in 1998, becoming the
416:
312:
in 1988 and was the last Soviet aviation regiment to withdraw from Afghanistan when it departed in early 1989. Re-equipped with the
655:
337:
262:
102:
709:, 3rd class, was awarded to the 189th Guards on 4 June 1945 in recognition of its contributions to the capture of the island of
588:
534:
353:
510:
683:
592:
567:
465:
738:
388:
376:
411:
target drones, in which it received a rating of excellent. In recognition of this achievement, the regiment received the
1246:"О присвоении 120 отдельному истребительному авиационному полку почетного наименования от 08 ноября 2018 - docs.cntd.ru"
671:
584:
900:
145:
580:
1224:
546:
666:
of the 11th Air and Air Defense Forces Army. They participated in the invasion from the first day, and after the
648:
266:
88:
857:"120-й ИАП Мары - История части - В.ч.06878 (120 гиап) - Каталог статей - Домна - аэродром, гарнизон, поселок"
348:
The 120th Fighter Aviation Regiment (IAP) began forming as part of the Soviet military buildup in response to
662:
in Belarus in late January, together with a mixed aviation group that also included Su-35s from the 22nd and
498:
412:
404:
380:
659:
624:
769:"120-й ИАП - История части - В.ч.06878 (120 гиап) - Каталог статей - Домна - аэродром, гарнизон, поселок"
702:
status on 27 October 1944 and was accordingly redesignated as the 189th Guards Assault Aviation Regiment.
469:
vulture, in a departure from traditional Soviet camouflage practices that did not include unit insignia.
429:
309:
135:
667:
502:
296:, the regiment relocated to Domna near the border with China two years later and served there under the
541:. An October 1992 directive slated the 120th for conversion to the original production version of the
448:
ground attack aircraft operating near Kandahar. Subsequently, the fighters were tasked with escorting
336:
in 2015 and received its current title in 2018. Its fighters have been deployed to participate in the
1053:
1028:
631:
and the other two with the MiG-29 and Su-30SM. Four Su-30SMs of the regiment were first relocated to
255:
929:
674:
air base in southwest Russia, from which they continued to fly missions in support of the invasion.
478:
1352:
792:
699:
616:
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399:
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706:
384:
364:
270:
259:
247:
226:
172:
122:
83:
550:
433:
408:
308:. Receiving high ratings in training exercises, the regiment was deployed to fight in the
1201:"ГТРК Чита - Вести: Двое забайкальцев получили награды от президента за операцию в Сирии"
383:. Following the completion of its formation in late 1970, the 120th IAP was relocated to
1074:
692:
542:
445:
185:
1125:"Почти все лётчики авиаполка в Домне освоили новый истребитель Су-30 СМ - ГТРК "Чита""
1411:
559:
453:
392:
372:
297:
628:
620:
571:
449:
441:
368:
321:
278:
231:
62:
1391:
Zakharenko, Andrey (2017). "Истребители из Домны" [Fighters from Domna].
908:
529:
A MiG-29 of the aviation base at Domna, 2012, displaying the shark mouth insignia
1002:
244:
120th Separate Guards Brest Order of Suvorov 3rd Class Fighter Aviation Regiment
324:
in 2013 as further reorganizations resulted in the renaming of the base as the
1400:
1383:
598:
461:
213:
28:
1177:"Истребители из Домны, скорее всего, сфотографировали на аэродроме в Сирии"
623:. In November 2013 the first ten Su-30SMs began arriving at Domna from the
1245:
1367:
710:
493:
1149:
1099:
457:
440:, located in a relatively calm region. The flight at Shindand escorted
332:
in 2015. Fully equipped with the Su-30SM, the regiment was renamed the
1200:
856:
632:
313:
305:
301:
67:
768:
1124:
507:
Order "For Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces of the USSR"
1341:Истребитель МиГ-29 в строевых частях - история, символика, окраски
948:
946:
597:
524:
1370:[Pearl of Transbaikalia: Reporting from Domna air base]
1271:"Su-57 Felon To Enter Service With Elite Russian Air Force Unit"
537:
at the end of 1991, the 120th IAP continued in service with the
1176:
352:
on 24 September 1969. It shares a number but no lineage with a
878:
876:
607:
newer MiG-29S airframes transferred east from the disbanded
356:
which became the 12th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment PVO.
820:
818:
816:
814:
812:
252:
120-й отдельный гвардейский истребительный авиационный полк
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
615:
In May 2013 the personnel of the MiG-29 squadrons went to
602:
Personnel of the regiment during operations at Domna, 2015
839:
837:
835:
833:
16:
Fighter aviation regiment of the Russian Aerospace Forces
1378:(in Russian). Vol. 6, no. 78. pp. 30–35.
328:. Several Su-30SM of the regiment were committed to the
1345:
The MiG-29 in combat units: history, symbols and colors
647:
of which the regiment fielded 24 aircraft according to
436:
except for a flight from the 2nd Squadron detached to
398:
Between February and March 1975, the regiment flew to
1368:""Жемчужина Забайкалья": Репортаж с авиабазы "Домна""
641:
Russian military intervention in the Syrian civil war
330:
Russian military intervention in the Syrian civil war
225:
220:
208:
196:
191:
181:
154:
128:
118:
108:
97:
76:
55:
38:
21:
658:, several Su-30SMs from the regiment were sent to
1423:Military units and formations established in 1998
1054:"Под Читой потерпел крушение истребитель МиГ-29"
484:On several occasions its aircraft tangled with
988:
976:
964:
952:
545:, handed over from the disbanded 176th IAP at
698:The 946th Assault Aviation Regiment received
8:
1428:Regiments of the Russian Air Force from 2014
515:Medal "For Distinction in Military Service"
284:Formed in Belarus beginning in 1969 as the
1357:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1300:
824:
326:120th Separate Composite Aviation Regiment
1395:(in Russian). No. 10. pp. 2–7.
1324:] (in Russian). Moscow: Yauza/Eksmo.
1175:агентство, Забайкальское информационное.
882:
745:(in Russian). 6 June 2017. Archived from
589:36th Separate Composite Aviation Regiment
1339:Pavlov, Anton; Voylokov, Sergey (2009).
371:, Belarus, the regiment was part of the
334:120th Separate Fighter Aviation Regiment
1100:"Истребитель МиГ-29 разбился под Читой"
727:
1350:
843:
684:189th Guards Assault Aviation Regiment
593:3rd Air and Air Defense Forces Command
318:120th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment
33:A Sukhoi Su-30SM of the regiment, 2015
22:120th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment
18:
609:28th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment
570:, a unit whose origins dated back to
568:189th Guards Bomber Aviation Regiment
7:
1029:"Под Читой разбился еще один МиГ-29"
1001:Pinchuk, Aleksandr (30 March 2011).
895:
893:
891:
733:
731:
576:14th Air and Air Defense Forces Army
275:11th Air and Air Defense Forces Army
197:Post-2018 regimental sleeve insignia
113:11th Air and Air Defense Forces Army
1418:Regiments of the Russian Air Forces
668:Russian withdrawal from Kyiv Oblast
209:Insignia of the 412th Aviation Base
585:112th Separate Helicopter Regiment
574:. The regiment became part of the
14:
1322:Combat aviation in the Afghan war
639:, where they participated in the
417:Central Committee of the Komsomol
1318:Боевая авиация в Афганской войне
656:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
212:
200:
166:
27:
581:266th Assault Aviation Regiment
535:dissolution of the Soviet Union
286:120th Fighter Aviation Regiment
1269:Butowski, Piotr (2022-12-01).
1152:[Air Force to Syria].
273:, the regiment is part of the
1:
389:Transbaikal Military District
377:Belorussian Military District
1156:(in Russian). 1 October 2015
930:""Зубастые" МиГи Забайкалья"
907:(in Russian). Archived from
1347:] (in Russian). Moscow.
1444:
1316:Markovsky, Viktor (2016).
1150:"Военно-воздушные — Сирии"
1005:[Domna air base].
989:Pavlov & Voylokov 2009
977:Pavlov & Voylokov 2009
965:Pavlov & Voylokov 2009
953:Pavlov & Voylokov 2009
670:in April relocated to the
481:to Kabul in January 1989.
173:Order of Suvorov 3rd class
901:"120 иап, аэродром Домна"
490:withdrew from Afghanistan
405:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-23ML
251:
26:
1393:Aviatsiya i kosmonavtika
1131:(in Russian). 2014-10-20
1106:(in Russian). 2012-09-06
1081:(in Russian). 2012-09-17
511:Medal "For Battle Merit"
338:2022 invasion of Ukraine
267:Russian Aerospace Forces
89:Russian Aerospace Forces
513:, and one received the
499:Order of the Red Banner
413:Transferable Red Banner
359:Initially based at the
354:regiment formed in 1940
1366:Pavlov, Anton (2011).
625:Irkutsk Aviation Plant
619:for retraining on the
603:
530:
492:and were relocated to
686:during World War II.
601:
528:
503:Order of the Red Star
749:on 12 September 2018
660:Baranovichi air base
294:Sino-Soviet tensions
256:Military Unit Number
991:, pp. 128–129.
967:, pp. 115–116.
885:, pp. 115–117.
479:Eduard Shevardnadze
365:Berezovsky district
350:tensions with China
146:Russo-Ukrainian War
1075:"Был только "МиГ""
797:forums.airforce.ru
604:
531:
509:3rd class, 91 the
486:Pakistan Air Force
400:Mary, Turkmenistan
1331:978-5-699-88481-0
1104:www.kommersant.ru
955:, pp. 94–96.
905:zabmodels.mybb.ru
846:, pp. 30–35.
672:Voronezh Baltimor
637:Khmeimim Air Base
539:Russian Air Force
438:Shindand airfield
430:Soviet–Afghan War
423:Soviet–Afghan War
310:Soviet–Afghan War
263:aviation regiment
237:
236:
136:Soviet–Afghan War
103:aviation regiment
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707:Order of Suvorov
649:open-source data
300:, operating the
290:Soviet Air Force
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141:Syrian Civil War
84:Soviet Air Force
31:
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827:, pp. 3–7.
825:Zakharenko 2017
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547:Bagay-Baranovka
523:
521:Russian service
466:32nd Guards IAP
434:Bagram airfield
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177:
150:
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72:
51:
34:
17:
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11:
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1181:www.zabinfo.ru
1167:
1141:
1116:
1091:
1066:
1045:
1020:
993:
981:
979:, p. 122.
969:
957:
942:
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887:
883:Markovsky 2016
872:
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621:Sukhoi Su-30SM
543:Mikoyan MiG-29
522:
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342:
279:Sukhoi Su-30SM
277:and flies the
238:
235:
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232:Sukhoi Su-30SM
229:
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222:
221:Aircraft flown
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206:
205:
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1035:(in Russian)
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629:Sukhoi Su-25
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369:Brest Oblast
363:airfield in
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109:Part of
63:Soviet Union
48:2015–present
844:Pavlov 2011
700:Guards unit
269:. Based at
155:Decorations
129:Engagements
119:Garrison/HQ
1412:Categories
1280:2023-01-16
1255:2022-05-09
1210:2022-05-10
1186:2022-05-10
1154:Kommersant
1135:2022-05-10
1110:2022-05-10
1085:2022-05-10
1060:2022-05-10
1039:2022-05-10
1033:m.infox.ru
936:2022-05-10
915:2022-05-09
866:2022-05-10
802:2022-05-10
778:2022-05-10
718:References
533:After the
474:mujahideen
462:drop tanks
182:Honorifics
1401:1682-7759
1384:1819-1754
1353:cite book
1275:The Drive
793:"120 ИАП"
743:Milkavkaz
723:Citations
664:23rd IAPs
505:, 31 the
501:, 30 the
45:1969–2009
654:For the
494:Chirchiq
344:Cold War
192:Insignia
101:Fighter
1129:Чита.ру
617:Lipetsk
458:Tu-22M3
446:MiG-27D
442:Su-17M4
415:of the
387:in the
381:MiG-21S
375:of the
361:Osovtsy
322:Su-30SM
292:due to
288:of the
265:of the
260:fighter
248:Russian
227:Fighter
56:Country
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678:Awards
633:Mozdok
587:, and
456:, and
314:MiG-29
306:MiG-23
302:MiG-21
171:
162:Guards
77:Branch
68:Russia
39:Active
1372:(PDF)
1343:[
1320:[
1230:9 May
1160:9 May
1013:9 May
753:9 May
739:"ВКС"
711:Rügen
693:Brest
454:Tu-16
450:Su-24
409:La-17
385:Domna
271:Domna
186:Brest
123:Domna
1397:ISSN
1380:ISSN
1359:link
1326:ISBN
1232:2022
1162:2022
1015:2022
755:2022
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551:Step
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