221:
209:
189:
237:
349:
31:
573:
that holds many other active volcanoes. However, neither volcano thought potentially responsible for the eruption had been active in the past century, with Dubbi last erupting in 1861 and Nabro remaining quiet for thousands of years. No eruption of Nabro occurred before in recorded history.
556:
is reported to have said "We have looked at the document and I would like to make it clear that it is not a national document and that we have not endorsed it, the ministry has no record of casualties, it is still too early to say how many people had been affected and needed help."
407:
Then on 30 June 2011 the
Eritrean government reported that the lava flow in Seriru had slowed to 20 metres (66 ft) per day. They also reported that in some places the flow was 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) wide and 20 metres (66 ft) high.
220:
695:
188:
208:
1052:
998:
618:
on Sunday, 12 June 2011. By 21:37 UTC, at least 19 earthquakes of magnitude 4.5 or greater had occurred. The tremors were associated with this eruption. The initial quake registered a magnitude of 5.1
937:
1360:
828:
790:
236:
640:
earthquakes struck the region at 20:32 and 21:03 UTC, occurring at very similar depths. The latter tremors resulted in localized strong shaking, registering at VII (very strong) on the
553:
161:, which began on 12 June 2011 after a series of earthquakes. The eruption killed seven and possibly a further 31 people and is estimated to be the highest altitude injection of
412:
Note: It is still uncertain whether the information regarding the lava flow in "Seriru" refers to the main flow, as seen from the satellite images, though it seems likely.
1146:
135:
at least 7 people killed; ash deposited on at least 8 villages in
Ethiopia and Eritrea, including Mekele and Asmara; lava flow reached 1 km wide by 20 km long
903:
859:
503:
reports many community members, especially children, are sick and in desperate need of medical attention. Vomiting and retching were reported as being common effects.
1164:
1525:
1273:
1097:
1056:
177:
from the eruption reached altitudes which disrupted airline traffic in the region. Until the eruption began, the volcano had no records of historical eruptions.
1002:
359:
By 1 July 2011, eruption satellite images show a fresh ash cloud eruption, diminishing until 4 July, when the ash eruption still appears to be ongoing.
1078:
949:
889:
1364:
836:
782:
1287:
725:
421:
The eruption has ejected a large ash cloud near the
Eritrea–Ethiopia border region, extending over 1,000 km (620 mi) into neighboring
1888:
1853:
1208:
499:
were covered by volcanic ash, affecting at least 5,000 people and polluting springs and streams. One entire community has not been heard from.
1328:
1908:
1858:
541:
woredas were in need of aid (with ash affecting food and water sources), and that the casualty total had reached 31 dead in the Bidu woreda.
1731:
1923:
1898:
1868:
1518:
1388:
1111:
506:
On 21 June, an
Eritrean government statement reported seven people have been killed and three injured. It was also reported that the
1918:
1150:
867:
334:
satellite, showing that the lava flow from the 19th had not progressed significantly further, but that the eruption was ongoing.
1893:
1848:
1766:
1677:
1883:
1511:
915:
488:
By 19 June, ash had been deposited at least 60 km (37 mi) beyond the
Ethiopian border in a WNW–to–SSW direction.
311:
Between the 22 and 27 June 2011, the eruption of sulfur dioxide, water vapour, and ash was confirmed to be still active by
252:
On 12 June 2011, satellite images showed a large volcanic eruption shortly after 22.00 UTC 12 June (close to 01.00 13 June
1725:
1038:
1790:
1754:
1707:
631:
of 10 km (6.2 mi), and was succeeded by multiple lighter tremors. Hours later, two consecutive magnitude 5.7
348:
1928:
530:
482:
375:
146:
90:
59:
814:
1913:
1808:
1772:
1760:
1641:
429:
301:
emissions in the Earth's atmosphere ever detected from space. Satellite images showed a 15 km long lava flow.
122:
1873:
1863:
1778:
1600:
1594:
1546:
538:
534:
518:
492:
1431:
362:
Under a week later, on 6 July 2011, the ash cloud seems to have again stopped being produced. On 7 July 2011, SO
1903:
1878:
1826:
1820:
1814:
1784:
1683:
1671:
668:
641:
632:
619:
35:
Natural-color satellite image showing a close-up view of the volcanic plume and eruption site on 24 June 2011.
30:
1719:
1701:
1659:
1629:
1558:
1482:
1456:
673:
257:
154:
1802:
1748:
1695:
1689:
1647:
1623:
1617:
1576:
1570:
1404:
1314:
323:
400:
By 27 June 2011, a thick emission of smoke from new lava eruptions were also reported in South
Denkalia,
1713:
1635:
1588:
1564:
1408:
356:
That same day, eruption satellite images seem to show the volcano has stopped producing the ash cloud.
1665:
1653:
1582:
338:
1204:
169:) ever observed by satellite. The Mount Pinatubo eruption 20 years earlier emitted ten times more SO
1552:
1292:
663:
570:
452:
444:
1179:
500:
1385:
591:
460:
455:
flights being cancelled; flights disruptions extended to other companies the following day.
401:
390:
379:
342:
287:
253:
764:
447:
on 14 June. Elsewhere, however, the ash cloud began disrupting air traffic on 14 June with
389:
up to 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) wide and up to 15 metres (49 ft) high had surfaced in
337:
On 30 June 2011, at least some of the people who have been evacuated are reported to be in
1392:
1125:
566:
456:
316:
938:"UPDATE 1 – Volcanic eruption in Eritrea sends plume into the air, first since 1861"
1233:
1165:"Government Taking Close Care of Nationals Affected By Earthquake And Volcanic Eruption"
298:
162:
1842:
744:
511:
265:
261:
150:
44:
1098:"No accident witnessed on human or animal lives, Say displaced inhabitant of Sireru"
1342:
459:, Secretary of State for the United States, shortened her state visit to Ethiopia.
829:"Eritrea volcano eruption : Ash cloud advisory extending further into Africa"
366:
emissions were much reduced. But on 12 July 2011, the eruption was still ongoing.
549:
507:
327:
65:
628:
603:
466:
214:
False color image from 19 June 2011 showing extent of lava flow on that date.
105:
92:
436:
386:
69:
294:
images which showed an ash plume heading in west-north-westerly direction.
696:"Series of moderate earthquakes hit Eritrea – Ethiopia border region"
945:
911:
611:
583:
579:
496:
394:
269:
195:
1503:
1024:
607:
199:
158:
83:
73:
1248:
972:
575:
545:
526:
522:
470:
440:
227:
174:
1180:"Dubbi volcanic ash cloud expands westward through Northern Africa"
726:"Volcanic Eruption in Southern Red Sea Region creates new landmass"
1361:"First video from the eruption at the Eritrean side of the border"
1329:"Inhabitants of Afambo, Nebro and Sireru moved to safer locations"
422:
347:
312:
291:
397:, and destroyed vegetation for about 20 kilometres (12 mi).
1486:
1460:
587:
463:
was closed, and several airlines suspended flights to
Ethiopia.
331:
283:
276:
1507:
615:
448:
860:"Africa: Volcán Nabro erupciona lanzando cenizas hasta Sudán"
817:, NASA Earth Observatory. 13 June 2011. Accessed 13 June 2011
745:"ERITREA-ETHIOPIA: Thousands need aid after volcano eruption"
1288:"Nabro volcano eruption affects flights in Northeast Africa"
242:
Natural color satellite view of the volcano on 29 June 2011.
226:
True color image from 19 June 2011 showing area affected by
1053:"SO2, Ash Emissions From Nabro Volcano Drift Over Ethiopia"
428:
The height of the ash cloud peaked at 14,000 m, implying a
297:
On 19 June 2011, the volcano produced the highest level of
18:
Volcanic eruption in the
Southern Red Sea Region of Eritrea
1457:"Earthquake List for 10-degree Map Centered at 10°N, 45°E"
999:"Satellite Image Shows Nabro Volcano Eruption Is Ongoing"
548:, were reported as requiring monitoring according to the
385:
On 22 June 2011, the
Eritrean government reported that a
304:
The next day, on 20 June 2011: VAAC reported that the SO
1025:"Zusammenfassung: Nabro, Puyehue, und diverse Erdbeben"
1147:"Eritrean Volcano erupts economic mayhem for Ethiopia"
1276:, Dubai Chronicle 14 June 2011. Accessed 14 June 2011
904:"VAAC: Eruption underway at Dubbi volcano in Eritrea"
586:
are among the rock types which Nabro has produced as
330:
image (below) using the
Advanced Land imager on the
1741:
1610:
1539:
131:
121:
79:
58:
50:
40:
23:
765:"A-train observations of Nabro (Eritrea) eruption"
783:"Eritrea Volcano Disrupts East Africa Air Travel"
202:showing the ash plume from Nabro on 13 June 2011.
1234:"Ash cloud from Eritrean volcano reaches Israel"
517:On 6 July, reports suggest 48,000 people in the
1249:"ענן וולקני מהר געש באריתריאה מתקדם לעבר ישראל"
1141:
1139:
606:occurred near a sparsely populated part of the
544:Another 167,153 people, in the Elidar and Kori
973:"Toulouse VAAC – Volcanic Ash Advisories"
264:, but has been confirmed to be from the Nabro
1519:
1343:"Eritrea volcano ash hits Ethiopia villagers"
260:. It was first thought to have originated at
8:
758:
756:
754:
282:Then, on 18 June 2011 (at noon, local time)
1483:"Magnitude 5.7 – Eritrea – Ethiopia Region"
1526:
1512:
1504:
1178:Duran, Jim; Warren Miller (13 June 2011).
720:
718:
716:
374:Small eruptions were also reported in the
1092:
1090:
1088:
633:
620:
554:Ethiopean Government Agriculture Ministry
435:Forecasters predicted correctly that the
230:deposition, and international boundaries.
1228:
1226:
552:government. However a spokesman for the
473:were partially covered by volcanic ash.
1405:"Map Zoom – LAT: 10 – 20; LON: 36 – 46"
1315:"Nabro: Annulation de vols en Erythrée"
652:
279:reported that the eruption had ceased.
184:
1274:"Emirates flights to Africa disrupted"
979:. Toulouse Volcano Ash Advisory Centre
739:
737:
735:
275:Five days later, on 17 June 2011, the
20:
1130:images for Afar and southern Red Sea"
776:
774:
7:
815:"Eruption at Nabro Volcano, Eritrea"
810:
808:
658:
656:
485:, Nebro, and Sireru were evacuated.
1432:"Quake swarm hits Ethiopia-Eritrea"
443:, but no flights were cancelled at
277:Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)
763:NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
491:By 20 June, eight villages in the
14:
1211:from the original on 30 June 2011
858:Gubin, Anastasia (13 June 2011).
827:Vervaeck, Armand (13 June 2011).
793:from the original on 15 June 2011
781:Heinlein, Peter (14 June 2011).
235:
219:
207:
187:
29:
565:The erupting volcano is in the
481:On 16 June, the inhabitants of
1363:. 21 June 2011. Archived from
1149:. 12 June 2011. Archived from
1055:. 23 June 2011. Archived from
1001:. 18 June 2011. Archived from
948:. 13 June 2011. Archived from
914:. 13 June 2011. Archived from
352:False color image from 24 June
24:2011 eruption of Nabro Volcano
1:
1889:Natural disasters in Ethiopia
1854:History of the Horn of Africa
1909:Volcanic eruptions in Africa
1859:21st-century volcanic events
1286:Cathy Buyck (15 June 2011).
866:(in Spanish). Archived from
514:, making the salt inedible.
1205:"Eruption at Nabro Volcano"
890:"Eruption at Nabro Volcano"
694:A, Solomon (13 June 2011).
1945:
1924:2011 disasters in Ethiopia
1899:June 2011 events in Africa
1869:History of the Afar Region
1430:Stuff, NZ (13 June 2011).
1317:(in French). 14 June 2011.
1027:(in German). 23 June 2011.
614:border, starting at 15:37
290:passed overhead providing
1391:28 September 2004 at the
508:Lake Afrera salt deposits
308:eruption was continuing.
28:
1919:2011 disasters in Africa
1112:"Nasa Lance-modis image"
1079:"Nasa Terra MODIS image"
833:Earthquake – Report
669:Global Volcanism Program
315:pictures taken from the
1255:(in Hebrew). Masa.co.il
674:Smithsonian Institution
258:Southern Red Sea Region
155:Southern Red Sea Region
1894:Earthquakes in Eritrea
1849:2011 natural disasters
353:
324:NASA Earth Observatory
1884:Earthquakes in Africa
1534:Earthquakes in Africa
644:near the epicenters.
602:A series of moderate
351:
268:in Eritrea, near the
1767:2005 Lake Tanganyika
1678:1969 Sharm El Sheikh
1732:1999 Aïn Témouchent
1553:1624 Fez earthquake
1293:Air Transport World
194:Satellite image of
151:Nabro stratovolcano
143:2011 Nabro eruption
102: /
1929:History of Eritrea
1726:1995 Gulf of Aqaba
571:Danakil Depression
445:Ben-Gurion Airport
354:
1914:Plinian eruptions
1836:
1835:
1184:The Weather Space
870:on 3 January 2013
700:Ethiopian Journal
501:Save the Children
322:On 24 June 2011,
139:
138:
1936:
1874:2011 in Ethiopia
1864:2011 earthquakes
1791:2010 Beni-Ilmane
1708:1990 South Sudan
1601:1856 Middle East
1528:
1521:
1514:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1479:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1401:
1395:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1311:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1283:
1277:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1230:
1221:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1155:
1154:
1153:on 23 June 2011.
1143:
1134:
1133:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1094:
1083:
1082:
1075:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1035:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1015:
1014:
1012:
1010:
995:
989:
988:
986:
984:
971:VAAC, Toulouse.
968:
962:
961:
959:
957:
934:
928:
927:
925:
923:
900:
894:
893:
886:
880:
879:
877:
875:
855:
849:
848:
846:
844:
835:. Archived from
824:
818:
812:
803:
802:
800:
798:
787:Voice of America
778:
769:
768:
760:
749:
748:
741:
730:
729:
722:
711:
710:
708:
706:
691:
685:
684:
682:
680:
660:
638:
625:
569:, in the larger
461:Djibouti Airport
239:
223:
211:
191:
117:
116:
114:
113:
112:
107:
103:
100:
99:
98:
95:
33:
21:
1944:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1933:
1904:VEI-4 eruptions
1879:2011 in Eritrea
1839:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1809:2015 South Kivu
1773:2006 Mozambique
1761:2004 Al Hoceima
1737:
1642:1955 Alexandria
1606:
1535:
1532:
1502:
1492:
1490:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1466:
1464:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1440:
1438:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1414:
1412:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1393:Wayback Machine
1384:
1380:
1370:
1368:
1367:on 22 June 2011
1359:
1358:
1354:
1349:. 20 June 2011.
1341:
1340:
1336:
1331:. 16 June 2011.
1327:
1326:
1322:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1298:
1296:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1272:
1268:
1258:
1256:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1236:. 14 June 2011.
1232:
1231:
1224:
1214:
1212:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1188:
1186:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1167:. 22 June 2011.
1163:
1162:
1158:
1145:
1144:
1137:
1129:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1100:. 30 June 2011.
1096:
1095:
1086:
1081:. 27 June 2011.
1077:
1076:
1072:
1062:
1060:
1059:on 27 June 2011
1051:
1050:
1046:
1041:. 20 June 2011.
1039:"Toulouse VAAC"
1037:
1036:
1032:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1008:
1006:
1005:on 19 June 2011
997:
996:
992:
982:
980:
970:
969:
965:
955:
953:
952:on 18 June 2011
936:
935:
931:
921:
919:
918:on 23 July 2011
902:
901:
897:
892:. 17 June 2011.
888:
887:
883:
873:
871:
857:
856:
852:
842:
840:
839:on 14 June 2011
826:
825:
821:
813:
806:
796:
794:
780:
779:
772:
762:
761:
752:
743:
742:
733:
728:. 21 June 2011.
724:
723:
714:
704:
702:
693:
692:
688:
678:
676:
662:
661:
654:
650:
637:
624:
600:
563:
479:
457:Hillary Clinton
419:
372:
370:Other eruptions
365:
317:TERRA satellite
307:
250:
243:
240:
231:
224:
215:
212:
203:
192:
183:
172:
168:
110:
108:
106:13.36°N 41.69°E
104:
101:
96:
93:
91:
89:
88:
87:
36:
19:
12:
11:
5:
1942:
1940:
1932:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1841:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1818:
1812:
1806:
1800:
1794:
1788:
1782:
1779:2008 Lake Kivu
1776:
1770:
1764:
1758:
1755:2003 Boumerdès
1752:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1729:
1723:
1717:
1711:
1705:
1699:
1693:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1651:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1627:
1621:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1598:
1592:
1586:
1580:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1547:1068 Near East
1543:
1541:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1508:
1501:
1500:
1489:. 12 June 2011
1474:
1463:. 18 June 2011
1448:
1422:
1411:. 18 June 2011
1396:
1378:
1352:
1334:
1320:
1306:
1278:
1266:
1247:Masa, Israel.
1239:
1222:
1196:
1170:
1156:
1135:
1127:
1117:
1114:. 4 July 2011.
1103:
1084:
1070:
1044:
1030:
1016:
990:
963:
929:
908:Channel 6 news
895:
881:
850:
819:
804:
770:
750:
747:. 6 July 2011.
731:
712:
686:
651:
649:
646:
642:Mercalli scale
635:
622:
599:
596:
562:
559:
493:Biddu district
478:
475:
418:
415:
371:
368:
363:
326:provided this
305:
299:sulfur dioxide
288:Aqua satellite
249:
246:
245:
244:
241:
234:
232:
225:
218:
216:
213:
206:
204:
193:
186:
182:
179:
170:
166:
163:sulfur dioxide
137:
136:
133:
129:
128:
125:
119:
118:
81:
77:
76:
62:
56:
55:
52:
48:
47:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1941:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1821:2017 Botswana
1819:
1816:
1815:2016 Tanzania
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1783:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1684:1980 El Asnam
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1672:1969 Portugal
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1595:1856 Djijelli
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
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1827:2023 Morocco
1796:
1785:2009 Karonga
1742:21st century
1720:1994 Mascara
1702:1989 Chenoua
1660:1969 Tulbagh
1630:1921 Massawa
1611:20th century
1577:1761 Morocco
1559:1716 Algiers
1491:. Retrieved
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111:13.36; 41.69
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1803:2014 Orkney
1749:2002 Kalehe
1696:1989 Malawi
1690:1983 Guinea
1648:1960 Agadir
1624:1915 Asmara
1618:1913 Asmara
1571:1755 Meknes
1436:Stuff.co.nz
767:. nasa.gov.
629:focal depth
604:earthquakes
598:Earthquakes
404:and Gagun.
393:, southern
328:false-color
109: /
66:Strombolian
1843:Categories
1797:2011 Nabro
1714:1992 Cairo
1636:1954 Chlef
1589:1825 Blida
1565:1754 Cairo
1540:Historical
942:WireUpdate
679:15 January
648:References
590:flows and
256:), in the
254:local time
51:Start date
1666:1966 Toro
1654:1963 Marj
1603:(7.7–8.2)
1583:1790 Oran
437:ash plume
417:Ash cloud
387:lava flow
270:Ethiopian
175:ash cloud
70:Vulcanian
1389:Archived
1347:BBC News
1209:Archived
1126:"NASA SO
946:BNO News
912:BNO News
791:Archived
612:Ethiopia
584:rhyolite
580:trachyte
497:Ethiopia
453:Emirates
395:Denkalia
272:border.
248:Eruption
196:Ethiopia
147:eruption
86:, Africa
80:Location
1549:(≥ 7.0)
1493:12 June
1467:18 June
1441:13 June
1415:18 June
1371:22 June
1299:24 June
1259:13 June
1253:מסע אחר
1215:20 June
1189:13 June
1063:23 June
1009:18 June
983:13 June
956:13 June
922:13 June
874:13 June
843:13 June
797:15 June
705:13 June
664:"Nabro"
627:with a
608:Eritrea
561:Geology
546:woredas
477:Effects
467:Mek'ele
451:-based
382:areas.
200:Eritrea
181:Gallery
159:Eritrea
153:in the
149:of the
145:was an
97:41°41′E
94:13°22′N
84:Eritrea
74:Plinian
41:Volcano
576:Basalt
531:Elidar
527:Erebti
523:Afdera
483:Afambo
471:Asmara
441:Israel
432:of 4.
402:Husele
391:Seriru
380:Sireru
376:Afambo
343:Wadien
228:tephra
173:. The
132:Impact
1829:(6.8)
1823:(6.5)
1817:(5.9)
1811:(5.8)
1805:(5.5)
1799:(5.7)
1793:(5.3)
1787:(6.0)
1781:(5.9)
1775:(7.0)
1769:(6.8)
1763:(6.3)
1757:(6.8)
1751:(6.2)
1734:(5.6)
1728:(7.3)
1722:(5.9)
1716:(5.8)
1710:(7.1)
1704:(5.9)
1698:(6.3)
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1686:(7.1)
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1674:(7.9)
1668:(6.8)
1662:(6.3)
1656:(5.6)
1650:(5.8)
1644:(6.3)
1638:(6.7)
1632:(6.1)
1591:(7.0)
1585:(6.0)
1579:(8.5)
1573:(7.0)
1567:(6.6)
1561:(7.0)
1555:(6.0)
423:Sudan
339:Hawra
313:MODIS
292:MODIS
64:est.
1626:(VI)
1620:(VI)
1597:(IX)
1495:2011
1487:USGS
1469:2011
1461:USGS
1443:2011
1417:2011
1409:EMSC
1373:2011
1301:2011
1261:2011
1217:2011
1191:2011
1065:2011
1011:2011
985:2011
958:2011
924:2011
876:2011
845:2011
799:2011
707:2011
681:2019
588:lava
582:and
539:Kori
537:and
535:Teru
519:Bidu
469:and
378:and
341:and
332:EO-1
284:NASA
141:The
60:Type
616:UTC
495:of
449:UAE
430:VEI
286:'s
165:(SO
157:of
123:VEI
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