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228:." A Washington state geologist stated the slide was one of the largest landslides he had personally seen. The mud, soil and rock debris left from the mudslide covered an area 1,500 ft (460 m) long, 4,400 ft (1,300 m) wide and deposited debris 30 to 70 ft (9.1 to 21.3 m) deep. A national geologist stated the flow of the landslide was extreme because of the extraordinary run-out of mud and debris. While the landslide was well documented, a research team from the Geotechnical Extreme Events Reconnaissance (GEER) announced in April 2014 that it would investigate the factors contributing to the slide.
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562:"fines" to cement it together, it is structurally weak, leaving the area around it vulnerable. Such an area is also sensitive to water accumulation, increasing the internal "pore" pressure and subsequently contributing to ground failure. Water infiltrating from the surface will flow through the surface, save for contact with the less permeable clay, allowing the water to accumulate and form a zone of stability weakness.
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282:. On April 2, 2014, with the river flowing in a new channel at the north end of the debris dam, the service lifted the flash flood watch. Flooding due to the partially obstructed river continued to occur upstream of the debris dam. As a result, the NWS continued to issue flood warnings for the Stillaguamish one month after the March 2014 slide.
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day of the slide and stopped in the late afternoon. However, they were not detected at the next nearest seismic station. They are also seen in the days before and after the slide, but only during daylight hours. They are believed to be related to some kind of human activity. No other indications of possible precursors have been found.
506:(PNSN). The initial collapse began at 10:37:22 a.m. local time (PDT; 17:37:22 UTC), lasting approximately 2.5 minutes. Debris loosened by initial collapse is believed to contain material previously disturbed and weakened by the 2006 slide. Following the initial event was another large slide occurring at 10:41:53 PDT.
306:. The declaration was requested on April 1 by Governor Inslee, who stated that approximately 30 families needed help with housing and other needs. Inslee said that financial loss estimates had reached $ 10 million. Snohomish County Emergency Management Director John Pennington advised residents to register with
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Additional events, most likely smaller landslides breaking off the head scarp, continued for several hours. The last notable signal came at 14:10:15. Examination of records from the nearest seismic station 7 mi (11 km) to the southwest indicate small seismic events started around 8 a.m. the
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Shaded-relief geomorphologic map of Oso
Landslide of 2014 and adjacent areas. Oso is two miles west of this map, Hazel, one mile east. Colored areas are older landslides, "D" being the oldest. Upper "A" is the March 2014 landslide, lower "A", Skaglund Hill. Topography shown is from 2006; red line is
223:
The Hazel
Landslide has a history of instability dating to 1937. Prior to the March 2014 mudslide, the Oso area had heavy rainfall during the previous 45 days, up to 200 percent of normal. The slide, described by witnesses as a "fast-moving wall of mud", contained trees and other debris; it cut
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The Hazel landslide has been active for over half a century. Thorsen (1996) noted a tight river bend impinging on the north bank with active landslides visible in 1937 aerial photographs. The next 60 years involves two periods of relatively low landslide activity, and two periods of relatively high
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Such variations in pore pressure and water flux are one of the primary factors leading to slope failure. In case of the area of the
Stillaguamish River where the March 2014 slide occurred, erosion at the base of the slope from the river flow further contributes to slope instability. Such conditions
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tree down after it was determined its roots had sustained enough damage that it could no longer be considered stable and not a hazard to both the
Whitehorse Trail parallel to the highway as well as the highway itself. Following the slide, a memorial sign carved out of cedar and reading, "Oso. 10:45
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In the days following the slide, Snohomish County
Emergency Management Director John Pennington speculated a 1.1 magnitude earthquake on March 10 may have triggered the landslide. Data collected by the PNSN shows a magnitude 1.1 earthquake on that date in the vicinity of the Oso landslide (about 2
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Two years after the mudslide, about 11,000 tons of wreckage had been removed from the slide area. Thirty-four parcels of land had been purchased by
Snohomish County from owners of property too dangerous for residences. Properties in the area bordering State Route 530 and across from the slide area
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further reported that in 2004, county officials became concerned about the possibility of a dangerous landslide in the
Steelhead Haven area, and considered buying out the homes of that area's residents. The idea was rejected with the county building a new wall in an attempt to stabilize the slope.
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Alongside State Route 530, the entrance to what was
Steelhead Drive is closed by a gate that was decorated by impromptu memorials. Alongside, three rows of 43 cedar trees were planted, one for each of the victims. At the time of the planting, each tree was decorated with mementos specific to each
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that the application was rejected and "The one that was approved in the end eliminated the part of the harvest that would have been inside the groundwater recharge area." Everett further stated the resulting 7-acre (2.8 ha) clearcut operation reached to the edge of the groundwater danger zone. An
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reported that a 2010 study, commissioned by the county, warned the hillside above
Steelhead Drive was one of the most dangerous in the county. According to Rob Flaner, one of the authors of the 2010 report, "For someone to say that this plan did not warn that this was a risk is a falsity." In the
187:
2009 view to the southwest overlooking the slide site (on the left) and the
Steelhead Haven plat across the Stillaguamish River. The unstable area is the area of lighter green trees to the right and beneath the river section that is visible. The mudslide flowed towards the upper left, across the
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Following the glacier's retreat and allowing for the lake to be released, the river carved out most of the clay and silt deposits, leaving the former delta "hanging" approximately 650 ft (200 m) above the current valley floor When the sand portion of a deposit has very little clay or
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south of Darrington. The highway was cleared enough by May 31 to open one lane of escorted traffic. Because the highway was badly damaged, and because the topography of the area had been altered by the landslide, WSDOT decided to elevate that section of the highway when it was rebuilt. The new
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On the day of the slide, eight people were rescued and taken to regional hospitals. While the official search for victims ended in April 2014, workers and volunteers continued to screen debris and look for one victim still unaccounted for. On July 22, 2014 the Snohomish County Sheriff's Office
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have created an extensive series of landslide complexes on both sides of the Stillaguamish valley. Additional benches on the margin of Whitman Bench are due to deep-seated slumping of large blocks, which also creates planes of weakness for future slippage and channels for water infiltration.
175:, engulfing a rural neighborhood, and covering an area of approximately 1 square mile (2.6 km). Forty-three people were killed and 49 homes and other structures destroyed. The landslide has been described as one of, if not the most, deadly landslide in American history.
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published an article about previous slides at the same location, as well as the likelihood of future slides. The article contained comments from geologists, engineers, and local residents, and stated that the area was known among locals as "Slide Hill". On the next day,
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installed in 1962 to protect the toe of the slide area from erosion from the river was overrun by a slide two years later. An effort in 2006 to move the river 430 feet (130 m) south of the erosion area failed when another landslide moved the river a total of
486:, a permanent memorial commemorating the victims. The tribute is set to be built at the location of the slide and fundraising efforts are underway with wood from the formerly standing memorial tree to be repurposed and used for the permanent display.
383:'Unforeseen' risk of slide? Warnings go back decades". Snohomish County Public Works Director Steve Thomsen was quoted as saying, "A slide of this magnitude is very difficult to predict. There was no indication, no indication at all."
367:
On March 24, two days after the slide, John Pennington, Director of Snohomish County's Department of Emergency Management, stated at a news conference, "This was a completely unforeseen slide. This came out of nowhere." The same day
192:
The March 2014 landslide engulfed 49 homes and other structures in an unincorporated neighborhood known as "Steelhead Haven" on the south side of the North Fork of the Stillaguamish River, approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) east of
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Tracy Drury, " didn't even stop pounding nails." As to any kind of buy-out program, Drury further stated, "I think we did the best we could under the constraints that nobody wanted to sell their property and move elsewhere."
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for a flyover of the slide and debris field. After viewing the site, the president met privately with survivors, families of the victims, and some of the scene's first responders and rescuers at the Oso fire hall.
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In October 2016, survivors and the victims' families reached settlements with the State of Washington and a timber company, Grandy Lake Forest Associates, for $ 50 million and $ 10 million respectively.
482:
a.m. 3/22/14", was placed on the spruce and remained until the tree was removed. The Snohomish County Department of Parks, Recreation & Tourism announced on March 22, 2018, that plans had begun for the
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investigation is being conducted to determine whether Grandy Lake crossed into the restricted area that could theoretically feed groundwater into the landslide zone, affecting it for 16 to 27 years.
600:
1967 January: slump of a large block and accompanying mud flows push the river channel about 700 ft (210 m) south. This protects the toe from erosion, activity is minor for about two decades.
212:") with the most recent activity in the area of Oso is known as the Hazel Landslide; the most recent landslide event was referred to in the media as "The Oso Mudslide". Excluding landslides caused by
3002:
1158:
547:, Canada filling the Puget Lowland, various mountain valleys were dammed and lakes were formed. Sediment washed down from the higher mountains settled in the lake bottoms, forming a layer of clay.
791:
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554:, water flowing around the edge of the ice from the north was forced around the mountain, eventually pouring in through the long valley extending to the northwest and now occupied by
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In the days following the slide, scientists questioned whether logging in the area could have been a factor contributing to the hillside collapse. Grandy Lake Forest Associates of
539:, a land terrace about 800 ft (240 m) above the valley floor and consisting of gravel and sand deposited during the most recent glaciation. When the Puget Lobe of the
3234:
3160:
514:±0.8 km to the northeast), at a depth of 3.9 ±1.9 km. Regardless, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) determined the slide was not caused by seismic activity.
244:
and other surrounding counties were dispatched to assist with emergency medical and search-and-rescue efforts, including the Navy's search and rescue unit stationed at nearby
171:, United States, on March 22, 2014, at 10:37 a.m. local time. A portion of an unstable hill collapsed, sending mud and debris to the south across the North Fork of the
527:
approximate location of the current head scarp. Red cross-hatching is the runout area, now buried in mud and debris. Terrace on the upper-left is Whitman Bench. Image from
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through homes directly beneath the hill on the south side of the Stillaguamish River. A firefighter at the scene stated, "When the slide hit the river, it was like a
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In September 2017, one of the few trees in the path of the slide that remained standing near Highway 530 and was seen by locals as a memorial was cut down as a
286:
2168:
2104:; Reid, M.E.; Collins, B.D.; Vallance, J.W.; Schilling, S.P.; Godt, J.W.; Cannon, C.M.; McGirl, C.S.; Baum, R.L.; Coe, J.A.; Schulz, W.H.; Bower, J.B. (2015).
90:
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1952: movement of large, intact blocks, leaving head scarps 70 ft (21 m) high. Later photographs show persistent activity through the next decade.
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proposed a 15-acre (6 ha) clearcut at the upper edge of the Oso landslide zone in 2004. Washington state forester Aaron Everett stated in an interview with
969:
1401:
1128:
2988:
1917:
Benda, L.; Thorsen, G.; Bemath, S. (1988). "Report of the ID Team Investigation of the Hazel Landslide on the North Fork of the Stillaguamish River".
724:
2079:
1017:
558:. Sand and gravel carried by the flow and entering the glacial lake dropped out to form a delta, the remnant of which is now known as Whitman Bench.
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762:
2310:
1975:
1930:
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3180:
1608:
1287:
2032:
Keaton, Jeffrey R.; Wartman, Joseph; Anderson, Scott; Benoît, Jean; deLaChapelle, John; Gilbert, Robert; Montgomery, David R. (July 22, 2014),
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2619:
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1180:
National Weather Service Watches, Warnings & Advisories; Flood Statement National Weather Service, Seattle, WA 327 PM PDT Sat Apr 19 2014
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2339:
840:
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2394:
1435:
307:
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2295:
3139:
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2000:"The Darrington—Devils Mountain Fault – A probably active reverse-oblique-slip fault zone in Skagit and Island Counties, Washington"
503:
2819:
1582:
1531:
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The slide blocked the North Fork of the Stillaguamish River, causing it to back up eastward. Because of concerns that the mud and
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1955:
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1179:
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Ground vibrations generated by the Oso landslide were recorded at several regional stations and subsequently analyzed by the
3144:
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318:(D-WA) mentioned the landslide, saying the bill would "provide a glimmer of hope for the long-term recovery of this area."
1942:
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2763:
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890:
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1999:
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632:
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1988 November: erosion of the toe leads to another slide, and the river is again moved south, but not as far as in 1967.
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83:
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289:(WSDOT), with an alternative local route opened the following week after snow was cleared from the unpaved portion of
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2217:
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992:
955:
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Some disaster experts criticized this decision as a serious mistake. According to environmental engineer and applied
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2013:
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2888:
652:
440:
386:
359:
275:
39:
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2717:
2012:
Dragovich, Joe D.; Stanton, Benjamin W.; Lingley Jr., William S.; Griesel, Gerry A.; Polenz, Michael (2003),
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3171:
Professor Cliff Mass, Cliff Mass Weather Blog: The Meteorological Background for the Stillaguamish Landslide
2737:
2696:
2645:
2632:
2599:
2553:
2540:
1896:
1462:
1136:
2565:
2519:
1509:"Families reach $ 10 million settlement with Grandy Lake Forest Associates over deadly 2014 landslide"
728:
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roadway was opened September 22, ahead of schedule of the projected completion date of early October 2014.
1025:
483:
202:
3201:
2896:"Is There a Connection Between the Mudslide and Our State's Historical Mishmash of Logging Regulations?"
2269:"Deciphering large landslides: linking hydrological, groundwater and slope stability models through GIS"
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2014:"Geologic Map of the Mount Higgins 7.5-minute Quadrangle, Skagit and Snohomish Counties, Washington"
690:
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767:
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551:
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days following the slide, criticism of Snohomish County officials received national attention in a
330:
248:. Over 600 personnel, including more than 160 volunteers, worked on landslide recovery operations.
172:
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401:
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209:
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toured the area by air the following day before joining county officials at a news conference.
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2414:
2046:"Preliminary interpretation of pre-2014 landslide deposits in the vicinity of Oso, Washington"
1623:
370:
279:
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2236:
1439:
2989:"Fresh landslide tailings depicted in 2006 aerial photograph, with topology map comparisons"
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2291:
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Repairs to the slide area extend back several decades prior to the March 2014 slide. A rock
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confirmed 43 fatalities after remains of the final victim had been located and identified.
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2033:
1828:
1273:
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237:
194:
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76:
1751:" mark exposures of the underlying clay and silt with "Qls" marking landslide complexes.
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On April 22, President Obama visited the west side of the slide area. After arriving in
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2287:
1080:
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2006 January 25: large slide blocks the river, new channel is cut to alleviate flooding.
555:
338:
2968:
3223:
2101:
1872:
342:
322:
3048:
1276:, KING 5 News and Associated Press via KVUE, April 3, 2014. Retrieved April 3, 2014.
1242:
1216:
1191:
494:
197:. It also dammed the river, causing extensive flooding upstream as well as blocking
2866:"Bedrock Mapping and Seismic Hazard Assessment at Gold Basin Landslide, Washington"
2252:
647:
478:
315:
303:
220:, the Oso slide is the deadliest single landslide event in United States history.
2925:, Miscellaneous Investigations map I-2592, 2 sheets and pamphlet, scale 1:100,000
17:
637:
326:
217:
2130:
2105:
1402:
UPI Science News; "Logging may have contributed to deadly Washington landslide"
614:
334:
271:
260:
105:
92:
796:
419:
252:
164:
1436:"Oso: Clearcut Extended Into No-Logging Zone | Northwest Public Radio"
3076:
2296:
10.1002/(sici)1099-1085(199805)12:6<923::aid-hyp663>3.0.co;2-3
1266:
2919:"Geologic Map of the Sauk River 30- by 60- minute quadrangle, Washington"
2304:
1934:
337:. There, he was joined by Governor Inslee and Senators Patty Murray and
2878:
2061:
251:
Late in the evening of March 22, 2014, Washington's Lieutenant Governor
2783:. Water Resources Monograph. Vol. 18. American Geophysical Union.
2106:"Landslide mobility and hazards: implications of the 2014 Oso disaster"
844:
792:"Remembering the Oso landslide, deadliest in US history, 8 years later"
642:
444:
225:
213:
2865:
3181:
Department of Natural Resources, Q&A About Landslides and Geology
3161:
Snohomish County Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Update (presentation)
1735:
The areas predominantly containing gravel and sand are shown as "Qgog
1609:"Plans underway for Oso memorial 4 years after devastating landslide"
3140:
USGS simulation shows how quickly the Washington landslide liquefied
2918:
1378:
302:
On April 3, the mudslide was declared a major disaster by President
2195:"Concern Over Landslide-Logging Connection Near Oso Is Decades Old"
2311:"Rescuers Search 'Quicksand' for Survivors of Washington Mudslide"
521:
493:
385:
358:
182:
2620:"Scientists say there's little chance tiny quake triggered slide"
1424:
Concern Over Landslide-Logging Connection Near Oso Is Decades Old
970:
Fresh landslide tailings depicted in aerial photograph dated 2006
3166:
Aerial History and LiDAR of the Stilliguamish Blocking Landslide
2499:
Gonzalez, Angel; Garnick, Coral; Broom, Jack (March 23, 2014a).
1976:"Authorities knew of mudslide danger, but didn't tell residents"
956:
Tina Patel, "The mud and debris are 70 feet deep in some places"
2697:"Crews start work on berms to ease search for mudslide victims"
2479:
Gonzalez, Angel; Garnick, Coral; Broom, Jack (March 22, 2014).
285:
State Route 530 was indefinitely closed after the slide by the
2917:
Tabor, R. W.; Booth, D. B.; Vance, J. A.; Ford, A. B. (2002),
2566:"14 dead; 176 reports of people missing in mile-wide mudslide"
1046:
2598:
Baker, Mike; Armstrong, Ken; Bernton, Hal (March 25, 2014b).
2585:
Armstrong, Ken; Carter, Mike; Baker, Mike (March 25, 2014a).
2035:
The 22 March 2014 Oso Landslide, Snohomish County, Washington
975:
972:, with topology map comparisons (1901–1977), NETROnline.com.
587:
Known activity at this specific site includes the following:
550:
As the glacial ice pressed higher against the western end of
188:
river. All of the houses visible in the image were destroyed.
2941:"Everything you need to know about the Washington landslide"
2818:
Snohomish County Medical Examiner's Office (April 1, 2014).
2800:
Snohomish County Medical Examiner's Office (April 9, 2014).
1897:"Lands commissioner tours landslide areas in Whatcom County"
1532:"Massive tree that withstood deadly Oso mudslide comes down"
1075:
Snohomish County Medical Examiner's Office (April 1, 2014).
1050:
865:
689:
Snohomish County Medical Examiner's Office (July 23, 2014).
594:
1951: mudflow from a side channel briefly blocked the river.
2376:"Landslide kills three, injures others in Washington state"
2238:
Hazel/Gold Basin Landslides: Geomorphic Review Draft Report
1851:
1366:
1104:"Landslide kills three, injures others in Washington state"
673:
3121:(includes most recent lists of victims and missing people)
2718:"Expert baffled by ferocity, distance of 'freakish' slide"
2633:"Logging OK'd in 2004 may have exceeded approved boundary"
1669:
1487:"2 years since Oso slide, a quiet renewal amid the sorrow"
1463:"Logging OK'd in 2004 may have exceeded approved boundary"
1389:
1339:
1327:
981:
927:
911:
828:
208:
The natural rock and mineral formation (referred to as a "
2969:"Whidbey Island agencies assist in Oso mudslide response"
2802:"Snohomish County Medical Examiner's Office Media Update"
1956:"Washington mudslide: logging eyed as contributing cause"
1878:
Seismic signals generated by the March 22nd Oso Landslide
1354:
1311:
1062:
877:
691:"Snohomish County Medical Examiner's Office Media Update"
2501:"3 die in mudslide east of Arlington, 6 homes destroyed"
2481:"3 die in mudslide east of Arlington, 6 homes destroyed"
1931:"Washington state mudslide preceded by small earthquake"
1829:
Geologist Daniel J. Miller Ph.D. curriculum vitae online
817:
763:"Friday marks 10 years since 43 killed in Oso landslide"
710:
669:
667:
3130:(photos and brief bios of the people killed or missing)
2309:
Fieldstadt, Elisha; Smith, Alexander (March 24, 2014).
205:(population 1,347), 16 miles (26 km) east of Oso.
2738:"County's own 2010 report called slide area dangerous"
2657:
Turnbull, Lornet; Sullivan, Jennifer (April 2, 2014).
2646:"County's own 2010 report called slide area dangerous"
2587:"'Unforeseen' risk of slide? Warnings go back decades"
2214:"Death Toll From Washington Landslide Climbs to Eight"
2148:"Death toll rises to 14 in Snohomish County landslide"
2080:"Mudslide witness: 'Everything was gone in 3 seconds'"
989:"Death toll rises to 14 in Snohomish County landslide"
3185:
2340:"No Easy Way to Restrict Construction in Risky Areas"
44:
Oso Mudslide on March 29, 2014, view to the northeast
2751:"Guest: Map the runout risk for landslides like Oso"
1673:
1412:
1058:
873:
2841:Snohomish County Sheriff's Office (April 9, 2014).
2659:"Day 12: 'We are trying to be as honest as we can'"
2644:Brunner, Jim; Berens, Michael J. (March 27, 2014).
2254:
Environmental Factors Affecting the Hazel Landslide
2023:, Open-File Report 2003-12, 1 sheet, scale 1:24,000
1881:, Seismo Blog: Updates and dispatches from the PNSN
1723:
535:The landslide occurred at the southeastern edge of
153:
145:
137:
129:
121:
82:
72:
64:
49:
2764:"Obama to Oso: 'Whole country thinking about you'"
2736:Brunner, Jim; Berens, Michael J. (April 9, 2014).
2539:Bartley, Nancy; Armstrong, Ken (March 24, 2014a).
2171:. Seattle, Washington: KING 5 News. Archived from
2021:Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources
2006:, Open-File Report 2007-2, 1 sheet, scale 1:31,104
2004:Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources
991:. KING 5 News and Associated Press. Archived from
723:Snohomish County Sheriff's Office (May 28, 2014).
3069:"Obama declares major disaster for Oso landslide"
1583:"Oso tree cut down, but not community's strength"
1288:"Senate approves small bill to help Oso recovery"
1267:"Obama declares major disaster for Oso landslide"
1135:. Associated Press. July 22, 2014. Archived from
583:activity, the last of which extends to this day .
3075:. KVUE Television. April 3, 2014. Archived from
3028:Washington State Department of Natural Resources
2872:, Open-File Report, Open-File Report 2018-1132,
2520:"8 confirmed dead in mudslide; 18 still missing"
2055:, Open-File Report, Open-File Report 2014-1065,
1756:
1697:USGS states slide not caused by seismic activity
1686:M1.1 – 18km WNW of Darrington, Washington (BETA)
1653:
1651:
591:1937: aerial photographs show active landslides.
27:Landslide east of Oso, Washington, United States
3136:(interactive aerial view of victims' addresses)
2995:. Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC.
2781:Landslides: processes, prediction, and land use
2150:. KING 5 News. Associated Press. Archived from
684:
682:
259:in Snohomish County. Washington state Governor
2600:"State allowed logging on plateau above slope"
1711:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1217:"Highway 530 reopens 6 months after Oso slide"
528:
312:Green Mountain Lookout Heritage Protection Act
274:could fail and cause downstream flooding, the
3053:Washington State Department of Transportation
2395:"Oso: Clearcut Extended Into No-Logging Zone"
1998:Dragovich, Joe D.; Stanton, Benjamin (2007),
1576:
1574:
1461:Mike Baker and Justin Mayo (March 26, 2014).
1350:
1348:
1323:
1321:
1319:
1247:Washington State Department of Transportation
1196:Washington State Department of Transportation
287:Washington State Department of Transportation
125:Suspected soil saturation from heavy rainfall
8:
2631:Baker, Mike; Mayo, Justin (March 26, 2014).
2459:Bernton, Hal; Mayo, Justin (July 14, 2008).
2439:Bernton, Hal; Mayo, Justin (July 13, 2008).
2038:, Geotechnical Extreme Events Reconnaissance
574:According to a 1999 report submitted to the
32:
3235:2014 natural disasters in the United States
3156:Tetra Tech Report, 2010, Ch. 14: Landslides
3147:(interactive aerial view of landslide area)
3119:Snohomish County Official 530 Slide Updates
1628:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1556:Bhoolsuwan, Patranya (September 16, 2017).
1054:
943:
869:
2554:"River likely undercut slope, experts say"
2441:"Logging and landslides: What went wrong?"
1804:
1558:"Tree that withstood Oso slide comes down"
1018:"Team Seeks to Learn From Fatal Landslide"
931:
915:
31:
2877:
2541:"Site has long history of slide problems"
2129:
2060:
1752:
310:. Four days later, during passage of the
3151:Thorsen, 1967: Landslide of January 1967
3020:Forest Practices Board (November 2004),
2779:Sidle, Roy C.; Ochiai, Hirotaka (2006).
2428:"Slide diverts river; Oso homes at risk"
2397:. Northwest Public Radio. Archived from
1657:
1642:
1379:Christian Science Monitor, April 5, 2014
1129:"Last body found in Washington mudslide"
3250:Natural disasters in Washington (state)
3240:History of Snohomish County, Washington
3192:
2843:"SR 530 Slide Area Missing Person List"
2461:"Slides putting our highways in danger"
841:"A brief history of Darrington and Oso"
725:"SR 530 Slide Area Missing Person List"
663:
167:occurred 4 miles (6.4 km) east of
3094:Christopher C. Burt (March 25, 2014).
2267:Miller, Daniel J.; Sias, Joan (1998).
1954:Knickerbocker, Brad (March 28, 2014).
1839:
1816:
1792:
1780:
1768:
1707:
1621:
477:. County officials decided to cut the
379:followed up with a full page article,
3145:Washington mudslide: before and after
2426:Alexander, Brian (January 27, 2006).
2374:Kaminsky, Jonathan (March 23, 2014).
2169:"What caused the landslide near Oso?"
1974:Knickerbocker, Brad (April 5, 2014).
1607:News Staff, KIRO 7 (March 22, 2018).
1102:Kaminsky, Jonathan (March 23, 2014).
576:United States Army Corps of Engineers
490:Ground activity surrounding the slide
7:
2749:Montgomery, David (April 14, 2014).
2212:Leberfinger, Mark (March 24, 2014).
578:by geologist Daniel J. Miller, PhD:
333:, he met with officials and boarded
3176:Dr. Dave Petley, The Landslide Blog
2820:"Sunday night 530 landslide update"
2618:Doughton, Sandi (March 25, 2014c).
2110:Earth and Planetary Science Letters
1077:"Sunday night 530 landslide update"
3096:"Worst Landslides in U.S. History"
2552:Doughton, Sandi (March 24, 2014).
2338:Schwartz, John (March 29, 2014a).
2235:Miller, Daniel J. (October 1999),
1530:King, Rikki (September 17, 2017).
1047:Whidbey News-Times, March 26, 2014
891:"Worst Landslides in U.S. History"
790:Bernhard, Jimmy (March 22, 2022).
25:
2894:Kiley, Brendan (March 27, 2014).
2716:Doughton, Sandy (April 8, 2014).
2357:Egan, Timothy (March 29, 2014b).
2216:. AccuWeather.com. Archived from
2078:Winters, Chris (March 22, 2014).
976:KING5 News Online, March 23, 2014
504:Pacific Northwest Seismic Network
3207:
3195:
2251:Miller, Dan; Sias, Joan (1997),
1895:Stark, John (January 23, 2009).
1581:Tan, LiLi (September 17, 2017).
1485:Lacitis, Erik (March 21, 2016).
1051:Herald (Everett), March 22, 2014
1016:Wilcox, Kevin (April 22, 2014).
866:Herald (Everett), March 22, 2014
617:
246:Naval Air Station Whidbey Island
201:, the main route to the town of
38:
3245:Landslides in the United States
2981:Broken or incomplete references
2939:Berman, Mark (March 24, 2014).
2762:Carter, Mike (April 22, 2014).
1929:Lanela, Mike (March 25, 2014).
1919:Unpublished. DNR NW Region, FPA
1852:Seattle Times, January 27, 2006
1367:New York Times, March 29, 2014b
674:Washington Post, March 24, 2014
2967:Reid, Janis (March 26, 2014).
2167:Arab, Zahid (March 23, 2014).
1670:Seattle Times, March 25, 2014c
1390:Seattle Times, March 25, 2014a
1340:Seattle Times, March 24, 2014a
1328:Seattle Times, March 25, 2014a
982:Seattle Times, March 23, 2014b
928:Seattle Times, March 24, 2014a
912:Seattle Times, March 24, 2014a
829:Seattle Times, March 24, 2014c
355:"Completely unforeseen" remark
1:
3128:: Victims of the Oso mudslide
2393:Ryan, John (March 28, 2014).
2193:Ryan, John (March 26, 2014).
2100:Iverson, R.M.; George, D.L.;
1980:The Christian Science Monitor
1960:The Christian Science Monitor
1943:The Christian Science Monitor
1355:Seattle Times, March 27, 2014
1312:Seattle Times, April 22, 2014
1286:Cox, Ramsey (April 3, 2014).
1063:Seattle Times, March 22, 2014
878:Seattle Times, March 22, 2014
1856:Steelhead Landslide pictures
1757:Dragovich & Stanton 2007
1511:. CBS News. October 10, 2016
818:Seattle Times, April 3, 2014
711:Seattle Times, April 7, 2014
633:2006 Southern Leyte mudslide
2197:. Seattle, Washington: KUOW
2044:Haugerud, Ralph A. (2014),
3271:
3230:2014 in Washington (state)
3005:. National Weather Service
2864:Staisch, Lydia M. (2018),
2131:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.12.020
1438:. Nwpr.org. Archived from
1161:. National Weather Service
390:Aerial view of slide ridge
570:History of slide activity
498:Aerial view of the damage
37:
1726:(Sauk River Quadrangle).
1674:CBC News, March 25, 2014
1413:Stranger, March 27, 2014
1059:NBC News, March 24, 2014
874:NBC News, March 24, 2014
441:Mount Vernon, Washington
276:National Weather Service
157:$ 60 million (2014 USD)
53:March 22, 2014
2122:2015E&PSL.412..197I
3023:Forest Practices Rules
2923:U.S. Geological Survey
2870:U.S. Geological Survey
2678:"Oso mudslide victims"
2359:"A Mudslide, Foretold"
2276:Hydrological Processes
2139:KING 5 News (Seattle):
2053:U.S. Geological Survey
1805:Miller & Sias 1997
1272:April 7, 2014, at the
932:Miller & Sias 1998
916:Miller & Sias 1998
585:
532:
499:
484:Oso Landslide Memorial
391:
364:
363:Top view of slide area
189:
106:48.28256°N 121.84800°W
2902:. Seattle, Washington
1901:The Bellingham Herald
1890:The Bellingham Herald
1743:", respectively. "Qgl
893:. Weather Underground
750:Storm Events Database
580:
541:Cordilleran Ice Sheet
525:
497:
389:
362:
291:Mountain Loop Highway
232:Casualties and damage
186:
3134:Oso mudslide victims
2987:NETR Online (2006).
1223:. September 23, 2014
625:United States portal
141:12 total (4 serious)
111:48.28256; -121.84800
3003:"Flash Flood Watch"
2945:The Washington Post
2934:The Washington Post
2879:10.3133/ofr20181132
2288:1998HyPr...12..923M
2062:10.3133/ofr20141065
1243:"Rebuilding SR 530"
1159:"Flash Flood Watch"
768:KIRO 7 News Seattle
394:On March 27, 2014,
173:Stillaguamish River
102: /
34:
3255:Landslides in 2014
3049:"SR 530 Landslide"
2973:Whidbey News-Times
2962:Whidbey News-Times
2652:. pp. A1, A7.
2593:. pp. A1, A5.
2363:The New York Times
2344:The New York Times
2327:The New York Times
1875:(March 26, 2014),
1712:USGS OFR 2014-1065
1192:"SR 530 Landslide"
533:
529:USGS OFR 2014-1065
518:Geological context
500:
457:remained salable.
392:
365:
257:state of emergency
214:volcanic eruptions
210:geological feature
190:
138:Non-fatal injuries
33:2014 Oso landslide
3126:The Seattle Times
2982:
2849:on April 10, 2014
2790:978-0-87590-322-4
2768:The Seattle Times
2755:The Seattle Times
2742:The Seattle Times
2722:The Seattle Times
2701:The Seattle Times
2682:The Seattle Times
2663:The Seattle Times
2650:The Seattle Times
2637:The Seattle Times
2624:The Seattle Times
2604:The Seattle Times
2591:The Seattle Times
2572:. March 24, 2014c
2570:The Seattle Times
2558:The Seattle Times
2545:The Seattle Times
2526:. March 23, 2014b
2524:The Seattle Times
2505:The Seattle Times
2485:The Seattle Times
2465:The Seattle Times
2445:The Seattle Times
2432:The Seattle Times
2415:The Seattle Times
2401:on March 31, 2014
2220:on March 23, 2014
2175:on March 26, 2014
2154:on March 25, 2014
1724:Tabor et al. 2002
1467:The Seattle Times
1442:on March 31, 2014
1139:on August 8, 2014
1028:on April 28, 2014
1022:Civil Engineering
995:on March 25, 2014
653:Rotational slides
543:moved south from
407:The Seattle Times
396:The Seattle Times
371:The Seattle Times
280:flash flood watch
216:, earthquakes or
161:
160:
18:2014 Oso mudslide
16:(Redirected from
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3055:. March 25, 2014
3042:
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3030:, archived from
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2845:. Archived from
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2822:. Archived from
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1083:on April 7, 2014
1079:. Archived from
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1055:Leberfinger 2014
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1024:. Archived from
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944:Leberfinger 2014
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847:. March 26, 2014
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771:. March 20, 2024
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731:on July 14, 2014
727:. Archived from
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545:British Columbia
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341:as well as Rep.
242:Snohomish County
238:first responders
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2703:. April 7, 2014
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1489:. Seattle Times
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195:Oso, Washington
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154:Property damage
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1817:Miller 1999
1793:Miller 1999
1781:Miller 1999
1769:Miller 1999
1739:" and "Qgos
1708:Miller 1999
1515:October 10,
845:KING 5 News
638:Debris flow
475:danger tree
405:editorial.
350:Controversy
327:Paine Field
298:Federal aid
255:declared a
109: /
97:121°50′53″W
84:Coordinates
3224:Categories
2418:(by date):
2313:. NBC News
1927:CBC News:
1865:References
1747:" and "Qgl
335:Marine One
314:, Senator
272:debris dam
261:Jay Inslee
203:Darrington
94:48°16′57″N
68:10:36 a.m.
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3102:March 31,
3059:March 26,
3038:March 31,
3009:March 27,
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452:Aftermath
427:feet (220
420:revetment
377:The Times
253:Brad Owen
165:landslide
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2305:NBC News
1985:April 5,
1935:CBC News
1624:cite web
1614:June 28,
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2118:Bibcode
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3104:2014
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2855:2014
2832:2014
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