795:- The modernization is being carried out on the basis of the 122 mm towed howitzer of the Serbian modernization program. Project "SORA 122mm" and NORA B-52. Where the truck platform was abandoned, which was used by the prototype version of the "SORA 122mm" system in favor of a much better, crawler platform 2S1 Gvozdika system. The action was made possible by two new projectiles and an increased range of about 40% from 15,200 to 22,000 m (9.4 to 13.7 mi). A new ballistic computer and fire control system make it much faster to prepare for action. There is also a new inertial navigation system, GPRS, as well as the possibility of action, multiple projectiles in one point, MRSI. Thus, it was achieved that with one 2S1 Gvozdika system, in the system of MRSI action in one point, 6 projectiles can be fired in one minute; the modernized 2S1 Gvozdika is much improved. For better defense, a turret with a 12.7 mm machine gun was added. In 2021, the first modernized 2S1 Gvozdika system battery was inducted into service with the Serbian Army.
581:. It has seven road wheels on each side; the running gear can be fitted with different widths of track to match terrain. The interior is separated into a driver's compartment on the left, an engine compartment on the right and a fighting compartment to the rear. Within the fighting compartment the commander sits on the left, the loader on the right and the gunner to the front. The all-welded turret is located above the fighting compartment. The 2S1 uses a 122 mm howitzer based on the towed D-30 howitzer. The gun is equipped with a power rammer, a double-baffle
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659:– In March 2019, a Ukrainian company, the Great Export Import Company, and the Myanmar military have signed a joint-venture agreement to build a plant capable of manufacturing armored personnel carriers (APCs) and self-propelled howitzers. The types of APCs that will be made in the plant are said to be eight-wheeled BTR-4Us while the howitzers will be 2S1Us, which are based on the MT-LBu multipurpose chassis.
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703:. The system consists of a FONET-IP digital intercom system, new digital radio, military GPS receiver, military computer and dedicated software. The same system is used on other Polish Armed Forces artillery systems like the
3292:
2013:"Joint venture to supply Ukrainian APCs to Myanmar army | March 2019 Global Defense Security army news industry | Defense Security global news industry army 2019 | Archive News year"
2114:
843:
and room for 6 passengers in addition to the 3 crew. The original 220 kW (300 hp) V8 diesel engine has been replaced with a 310 kW (420 hp) diesel engine produced by
2012:
1968:
2815:
4510:
566:
with very little preparation, and once afloat is propelled by its tracks. A variety of track widths are available to allow the 2S1 to operate in snow or swamp conditions. It is
4484:
3285:
2754:
Kočevar, Iztok (August 2014). "Micmac à tire- larigot chez Tito: L'arme blindée yougoslave durant la Guerre froide" [The
Yugoslav armored arm during the Cold War].
4515:
3278:
2852:
855:, increasing the maximum road speed to 70 km/h (43 mph). The vehicle is amphibious and has air conditioning, a fire detection and suppression system, an
2646:
2355:
1877:
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1831:
2091:
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4520:
1653:
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system, navigation system, and night-vision equipment. The variant was first introduced in April 2018. The prototype has been fighting in the
1912:
1891:
1867:
4525:
1976:
4423:
3406:
2845:
578:
4001:
3550:
1843:
4059:
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2367:
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673:
110:
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199:
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48:
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44:
63:
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1789:
1744:
860:
551:
239:
70:
4089:
4021:
2957:
2830:
2820:
594:
625:). It was designated the M1974 by the U.S. Army and manufactured in Soviet, Polish and Bulgarian state factories.
37:
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1998:
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designation. An alternative
Russian designation is SAU-122, but in the Russian Army it is commonly known as
227:
134:
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4101:
3164:
2115:"Ukraine Made Exactly One Oddball Kevlar-E Fighting Vehicle. It's Been Battling Around Kharkiv For A Year"
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3784:
1310:– 130 used by the Ground Forces, 85 used by the Naval Infantry, plus an unknown amount operated by the
1642:– 3,200 used by the Ground Forces and 90 by the Naval Infantry in 1989. Passed on to successor states
4380:
3210:
1266:
736:'s chassis. Designed around 1978, it was produced between 1987 and 1992. Also, it is simply known as
392:
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1762:
903:
810:– A prototype tank destroyer equipped with a radar-based fire control system and a 100 mm gun.
767:
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235:
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introduced in 1972 and is in service in Russia and other countries as of 2024. It is based on the
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M-1974 howitzer lies stranded in the desert after being deserted by Iraqi forces during the
930:
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690:– Version with special amphibious kit that increases the vehicle's amphibious capabilities.
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432:
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1955:
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2677:"Vehicles and equipment captured by the Islamic State inside Syria until November 2014"
1513:
1499:
1413:– 125+ used by the Ground Forces, Naval Infantry and Airborne Assault Troops as of 2024
814:
732:) – Romanian variant combining the 2S1 Gvozdika's turret and a modified version of the
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1975:. MIPT Center for Arms Control, Energy and Environmental Studies. Archived from
1954:
Investments, M. (n.d.). 2S1-gvozdika. Mortar. Retrieved
November 13, 2022, from
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http://www.worldwar2.ro/documents/004-artileria-romana-in-date-si-imagini.pdf
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The first prototype was ready in 1958. The 2S1 entered service with the
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parade in 1974. The vehicle was deployed in large numbers (72 per tank
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770:, a battlefield observation system and the ability to fire the
20:
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1530:– 300 in 1989. Phased out in 1990 after German reunification
512:
668:
The 2S1 Gvozdika, and other related vehicles such as the
699:– Version with a TOPAZ digital fire control system from
642:('Thunder') – Iranian variant based on the hull of the
1956:
https://mortarinvestments.eu/catalog/item/2s1-gvozdika
1901:
International
Institute for Strategic Studies (2024).
2758:(in French). No. 62. Caraktère. pp. 66–79.
1798: – Soviet/Russian 152 mm self-propelled howitzer
613:
in the early 1970s and was first seen in public at a
1779:
Pages displaying wikidata descriptions as a fallback
570:
protected and has infrared night-vision capability.
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51:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2826:Arsenal Co. – Bulgarian manufacturer of 2A31(2S1)
839:based on the 2S1 platform, equipped with Shturm
755:– Modernisation of the 2S1 with the 122 mm
1810: – Russian 152 mm self-propelled artillery
589:. It is capable of firing HE (high explosive),
2647:Center for Strategic and International Studies
2084:"Ukraine re-roles 2S1 SPH for infantry combat"
2043:"Obuzierul Autopropulsat Românesc, Model 1989"
1786: – Chinese 122 mm self-propelled howitzer
782:, is currently being equipped with the system.
766:. Further improvements include a new Malakhit
3800:
3286:
2846:
2356:International Institute for Strategic Studies
1878:International Institute for Strategic Studies
1854:International Institute for Strategic Studies
1832:International Institute for Strategic Studies
1804: – Soviet 152 mm self-propelled howitzer
8:
4511:Self-propelled howitzers of the Soviet Union
1516:– 230 in 1989. Passed on to successor states
1999:"myanmar-ukrainian firming aims plant deal"
3807:
3793:
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3271:
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2853:
2839:
2831:
1926:. New York, NY: Amber Books. p. 124.
1557:– Unknown number operational prior to the
818:– Mine clearing vehicle with launcher for
730:Obuzierul autopropulsat românesc, model 89
122:
4516:Military vehicles introduced in the 1970s
2362:. Vol. 116. Routledge. p. 491.
111:Learn how and when to remove this message
1777: – type of Self-propelled artillery
445:Conventional: 15.3 km (9.5 mi)
2821:Huta Stalowa Wola – Polish manufacturer
1947:
308:16 t (16 long tons; 18 short tons)
3440:152 mm towed gun-howitzer M1955 (D-20)
1969:"Self Propelled Artillery and Mortars"
2640:Iraqi Armed Forces on the Edge of War
2082:Foss, Christopher F (29 April 2018).
1792: – Soviet 122 mm towed artillery
447:Extended: 21.9 km (13.6 mi)
16:Soviet 122 mm self-propelled howitzer
7:
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2174:
2162:
2150:
2138:
1880:(2004). Langton, Christopher (ed.).
519:Off-road: 30 km/h (19 mph)
49:adding citations to reliable sources
3407:130 mm towed field gun M1954 (M-46)
579:Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
316:7.26 m (23 ft 10 in)
1296:− 6 2S1 and 34 Model 89 as of 2024
550:multi-purpose chassis, mounting a
521:Swim: 4.5 km/h (2.8 mph)
477:122 mm (4.8 in) howitzer
343:2.73 m (8 ft 11 in)
327:4.27 m (14 ft 0 in)
14:
4391:Self-propelled anti-aircraft guns
1234:− Unknown number operated by the
774:guided ammunition. One unit, the
335:2.85 m (9 ft 4 in)
4521:Tracked self-propelled howitzers
2798:
2675:Mitzer, Stijn; Oliemans, Joost.
1646:
1632:
1618:
1605:
1591:
1577:
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1520:
1506:
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1110:
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1083:
1069:
1055:
1041:
1027:
1013:
999:
985:
971:
957:
922:, using the 2S1's turret on the
759:gun replaced by the 120 mm
517:Road: 60 km/h (37 mph)
462:7–20 mm (0.28–0.79 in)
133:
25:
2094:from the original on 1 May 2018
1836:The military balance, 1989-1990
1656:– Passed on to successor states
1206:− 60+ 2S1 and Raad-1 as of 2024
910:2S1 Gvozdika at artillery range
776:21st Guards Motor Rifle Brigade
36:needs additional citations for
2433:, pp. 193, 198, 201, 205.
1883:The Military Balance 2004/2005
1859:The Military Balance 1999-2000
442:Maximum firing range
437:680 m/s (2,200 ft/s)
281:
177:
1:
676:, were produced in Poland by
4130:BRDM-2M96/M96i/M96ik/M97/M98
3350:152 mm air defense gun KM-52
3345:130 mm air defense gun KS-30
3340:100 mm air defense gun KS-19
2113:Axe, David (28 March 2023).
680:under the name 2S1 Goździk.
4526:Tracked amphibious vehicles
4257:
4022:Armoured personnel carriers
3435:152 mm howitzer 2A65 Msta-B
3430:152 mm howitzer M1943 (D-1)
3425:122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30)
2958:Armoured personnel carriers
2649:. p. 6. Archived from
1886:. Oxford University Press.
1862:. Oxford University Press.
1790:122 mm howitzer 2A18 (D-30)
1745:Second Nagorno-Karabakh War
861:Russian invasion of Ukraine
240:Second Nagorno-Karabakh war
200:War in Abkhazia (1992–1993)
4542:
3989:Infantry fighting vehicles
3819:armoured fighting vehicles
3384:125 mm anti-tank gun Sprut
3379:100 mm anti-tank gun MT-12
3085:Infantry fighting vehicles
2869:armoured fighting vehicles
820:mine-clearing line charges
4183:Four-wheel drive vehicles
3503:Multiple rocket launchers
3374:100 mm anti-tank gun T-12
3236:
3223:
3171:
3158:
3091:
3078:
2964:
2951:
2889:
2876:
2360:The Military Balance 2016
1967:Marat Kenzhetaev (1998).
1924:Armored Fighting Vehicles
1922:Trewhitt, Philip (1999).
1904:The Military Balance 2024
837:Infantry fighting vehicle
621:, 36 per motorized rifle
573:The 2S1 was developed in
535:
507:500 km (310 mi)
487:220 kW (300 hp)
451:
381:122 mm (4.8 in)
355:
152:Place of origin
132:
4250:Self-propelled artillery
3369:85 mm anti-tank gun D-48
2057:"САУ 2С15 "Норов". СССР"
1907:. Taylor & Francis.
899:2S1 Gvozdika modernized
146:Self-propelled artillery
2017:www.armyrecognition.com
1736:Second Libyan Civil War
554:howitzer. "2S1" is its
544:self-propelled howitzer
228:Second Libyan Civil War
4441:surface-to-air missile
1732:First Libyan Civil War
947:
944:Operation Desert Storm
927:
911:
900:
889:
876:Map of 2S1 operators:
421:Rate of fire
224:First Libyan Civil War
3594:B-11 recoilless rifle
3589:B-10 recoilless rifle
3402:D-74 122 mm field gun
2636:Cordesman, Anthony H.
1838:. London: Brassey's.
1559:2003 invasion of Iraq
933:
917:
906:
895:
875:
841:remote weapon station
601:and chemical rounds.
597:, armor-piercing HE,
259:Kharkiv Tractor Plant
2807:at Wikimedia Commons
2756:Batailles et Blindés
1267:Libyan National Army
433:Muzzle velocity
45:improve this article
4211:Land Rover Defender
2638:(7 February 2003).
2517:, pp. 212−214.
1763:Russo-Ukrainian War
768:fire control system
562:. The 2S1 is fully
236:Russo-Ukrainian War
3821:after World War II
3713:2S35 Koalitsiya-SV
3678:2A3 Kondensator 2P
3488:240 mm mortar M240
2871:after World War II
2744:, pp. 34, 37.
2656:on 9 February 2010
1979:on 10 January 2010
1808:2S35 Koalitsiya-SV
1723:Russo-Georgian War
1687:Second Chechen War
948:
928:
912:
908:Polish Land Forces
901:
890:
605:Production history
427:Sustained: 1–2 rpm
368:separate loading,
250:Production history
220:Russo-Georgian War
212:Second Chechen War
4493:
4492:
4085:Transporter Waran
3828:Main battle tanks
3782:
3781:
3576:Recoilless rifles
3268:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3219:
3218:
3154:
3153:
3074:
3073:
3070:
3069:
2947:
2946:
2803:Media related to
2358:(February 2016).
1914:978-1-040-05115-3
1893:978-0-19-856622-9
1869:978-0-19-922425-8
1814:List of artillery
1683:First Chechen War
1674:Soviet–Afghan War
1063:Congo-Brazzaville
951:Current operators
678:Huta Stalowa Wola
525:
524:
405:-3 to +70 degrees
208:First Chechen War
188:Soviet–Afghan War
121:
120:
113:
95:
4533:
4506:122 mm artillery
4404:ZSU-23-4MP Biała
4313:Rocket artillery
4241:
4229:
4093:
3836:K2 Black Panther
3809:
3802:
3795:
3786:
3621:ZSU-37-2 Yenisei
3295:
3288:
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2392:
2386:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2352:
2346:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2316:
2310:
2304:
2298:
2292:
2286:
2280:
2274:
2268:
2262:
2256:
2250:
2244:
2238:
2232:
2226:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2190:
2184:
2178:
2172:
2166:
2160:
2154:
2148:
2142:
2136:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2063:on 21 April 2014
2059:. Archived from
2053:
2047:
2046:
2039:
2033:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2009:
2003:
2002:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1937:
1918:
1897:
1873:
1849:
1780:
1754:Syrian Civil War
1741:Nagorno-Karabakh
1652:
1650:
1649:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1624:
1622:
1621:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1599:Republika Srpska
1597:
1595:
1594:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1553:
1551:
1550:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1498:
1496:
1495:
1486:Former operators
1477:
1475:
1474:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1399:– 40 as of 2024
1395:
1393:
1392:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1368:
1366:
1365:
1355:
1353:
1352:
1342:
1340:
1339:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1292:
1290:
1289:
1282:– 206 as of 2024
1278:
1276:
1275:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1230:
1228:
1227:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1202:
1200:
1199:
1188:
1186:
1185:
1172:
1170:
1169:
1161:− 20 as of 2024
1157:
1155:
1154:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1023:– 125 as of 2024
1019:
1017:
1016:
1005:
1003:
1002:
991:
989:
988:
977:
975:
974:
967:– 140 as of 2024
963:
961:
960:
940:Persian Gulf War
886:
880:
552:122 mm 2A18
537:
514:
485:YaMZ-238N diesel
395:, semi-automatic
283:
232:Syrian Civil War
137:
128:
123:
116:
109:
105:
102:
96:
94:
53:
29:
21:
4541:
4540:
4536:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4531:
4530:
4496:
4495:
4494:
4489:
4439:
4433:
4385:
4307:
4244:
4235:
4223:
4177:
4144:
4096:
4087:
4016:
3983:
3936:Tank destroyers
3930:
3907:
3884:
3822:
3813:
3783:
3778:
3727:
3661:
3635:
3616:ZSU-23-4 Shilka
3598:
3570:
3546:9К512 Uragan-1M
3497:
3454:
3450:180 mm gun S-23
3445:2A36 Giatsint-B
3411:
3388:
3354:
3315:
3299:
3269:
3260:
3232:
3230:Armoured trains
3215:
3167:
3150:
3087:
3066:
3005:
2960:
2943:
2885:
2872:
2859:
2795:
2790:
2789:
2782:www.youtube.com
2776:
2775:
2771:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2740:
2736:
2728:
2724:
2716:
2712:
2704:
2700:
2692:
2688:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2659:
2657:
2653:
2642:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2621:
2617:
2609:
2605:
2597:
2593:
2585:
2581:
2573:
2569:
2561:
2557:
2549:
2545:
2537:
2533:
2525:
2521:
2513:
2509:
2501:
2497:
2489:
2485:
2477:
2473:
2465:
2461:
2453:
2449:
2441:
2437:
2429:
2425:
2417:
2413:
2405:
2401:
2393:
2389:
2381:
2377:
2370:
2354:
2353:
2349:
2341:
2337:
2329:
2325:
2317:
2313:
2305:
2301:
2293:
2289:
2281:
2277:
2269:
2265:
2257:
2253:
2245:
2241:
2233:
2229:
2221:
2217:
2209:
2205:
2197:
2193:
2185:
2181:
2173:
2169:
2161:
2157:
2149:
2145:
2137:
2133:
2123:
2121:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2097:
2095:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2066:
2064:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2045:. 23 June 2018.
2041:
2040:
2036:
2028:
2024:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2001:. 9 March 2019.
1997:
1996:
1992:
1982:
1980:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1953:
1949:
1944:
1934:
1921:
1915:
1900:
1894:
1876:
1870:
1852:
1846:
1830:
1827:
1778:
1771:
1666:
1647:
1645:
1633:
1631:
1619:
1617:
1606:
1604:
1592:
1590:
1578:
1576:
1565:
1563:
1548:
1546:
1535:
1533:
1521:
1519:
1507:
1505:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1481:− 12 as of 2024
1472:
1470:
1459:
1457:
1446:
1444:
1441:− 18 as of 2024
1432:
1430:
1418:
1416:
1404:
1402:
1390:
1388:
1376:
1374:
1363:
1361:
1350:
1348:
1337:
1335:
1332:– 67 as of 2024
1323:
1321:
1301:
1299:
1287:
1285:
1273:
1271:
1256:
1254:
1251:− 18 as of 2024
1242:
1240:
1225:
1223:
1220:– 60 as of 2024
1211:
1209:
1197:
1195:
1192:− Used in Syria
1183:
1181:
1167:
1165:
1152:
1150:
1147:– 74 as of 2024
1138:
1136:
1125:
1123:
1120:– 32 as of 2024
1111:
1109:
1097:
1095:
1084:
1082:
1070:
1068:
1056:
1054:
1051:– 10 as of 2024
1042:
1040:
1037:– 48 as of 2024
1028:
1026:
1014:
1012:
1009:− 68 as of 2024
1000:
998:
986:
984:
981:− 9+ as of 2024
972:
970:
958:
956:
953:
888:
884:
882:
878:
870:
829:
802:
789:
747:
722:
666:
653:
636:
631:
607:
542:") is a Soviet
520:
518:
504:
502:
486:
471:
469:
452:
446:
426:
367:
356:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
165:In service
160:Service history
126:
117:
106:
100:
97:
54:
52:
42:
30:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4539:
4537:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4498:
4497:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4482:
4477:
4475:9K35 Strela-10
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4446:
4444:
4438:Self-propelled
4435:
4434:
4432:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4395:
4393:
4387:
4386:
4384:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4341:WR-40 Langusta
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4317:
4315:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4254:
4252:
4246:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4230:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4187:
4185:
4179:
4178:
4176:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4154:
4152:
4146:
4145:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4106:
4104:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4082:
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4042:
4037:
4032:
4026:
4024:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3993:
3991:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3940:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3929:
3928:
3923:
3917:
3915:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3905:
3900:
3894:
3892:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3838:
3832:
3830:
3824:
3823:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3804:
3797:
3789:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3740:
3738:
3733:Self-propelled
3729:
3728:
3726:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3698:2S5 Giatsint-S
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3674:
3672:
3667:Self-propelled
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3654:
3648:
3646:
3641:Self-propelled
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3612:
3610:
3604:Self-propelled
3600:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3580:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3569:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3507:
3505:
3499:
3498:
3496:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3464:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3421:
3419:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3409:
3404:
3398:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3365:
3363:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3326:
3324:
3317:
3316:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3290:
3283:
3275:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3237:
3234:
3233:
3228:
3221:
3220:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3163:
3156:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3149:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3076:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3064:
3062:SBA-60K2 Bulat
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2972:
2970:
2962:
2961:
2956:
2949:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2890:
2887:
2886:
2881:
2874:
2873:
2860:
2858:
2857:
2850:
2843:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2816:Armscontrol.ru
2813:
2808:
2794:
2793:External links
2791:
2788:
2787:
2769:
2746:
2734:
2722:
2710:
2698:
2696:, p. 130.
2686:
2667:
2627:
2615:
2603:
2591:
2579:
2577:, p. 529.
2567:
2565:, p. 394.
2555:
2553:, p. 324.
2543:
2541:, p. 215.
2531:
2529:, p. 452.
2519:
2507:
2505:, p. 209.
2495:
2493:, p. 207.
2483:
2481:, p. 386.
2471:
2469:, p. 520.
2459:
2457:, p. 521.
2447:
2445:, p. 133.
2435:
2423:
2421:, p. 131.
2411:
2409:, p. 125.
2399:
2397:, p. 371.
2387:
2385:, p. 188.
2375:
2368:
2347:
2345:, p. 186.
2335:
2333:, p. 353.
2323:
2321:, p. 369.
2311:
2309:, p. 185.
2299:
2287:
2285:, p. 491.
2275:
2273:, p. 490.
2263:
2251:
2249:, p. 428.
2239:
2237:, p. 486.
2227:
2225:, p. 482.
2215:
2213:, p. 481.
2203:
2191:
2189:, p. 183.
2179:
2177:, p. 180.
2167:
2165:, p. 178.
2155:
2153:, p. 471.
2143:
2141:, p. 343.
2131:
2105:
2088:IHS Jane's 360
2074:
2048:
2034:
2022:
2004:
1990:
1973:armscontrol.ru
1959:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1932:
1919:
1913:
1898:
1892:
1874:
1868:
1850:
1845:978-0080375694
1844:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1781:
1770:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1756:
1747:
1738:
1725:
1716:
1707:
1690:
1689:(1999 to 2000)
1676:
1665:
1664:Combat history
1662:
1661:
1660:
1657:
1643:
1629:
1615:
1602:
1588:
1574:
1561:
1544:
1531:
1517:
1514:Czechoslovakia
1503:
1500:Czech Republic
1487:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1468:
1455:
1442:
1428:
1427:– 6 as of 2024
1414:
1400:
1386:
1385:− 3 as of 2024
1372:
1359:
1346:
1333:
1319:
1316:2nd Army Corps
1312:1st Army Corps
1297:
1283:
1269:
1265:− Used by the
1252:
1238:
1221:
1207:
1193:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1148:
1134:
1121:
1107:
1106:– 8 as of 2024
1093:
1080:
1079:− 6 as of 2024
1077:Congo-Kinshasa
1066:
1065:− 3 as of 2024
1052:
1038:
1024:
1010:
996:
995:– 9 as of 2024
982:
968:
952:
949:
883:
877:
869:
866:
865:
864:
828:
825:
824:
823:
815:UR-77 Meteorit
811:
801:
798:
797:
796:
793:2S1 modernized
788:
785:
784:
783:
746:
743:
742:
741:
721:
718:
717:
716:
713:WR-40 Langusta
701:WB Electronics
691:
665:
662:
661:
660:
652:
649:
648:
647:
635:
632:
630:
627:
606:
603:
587:fume extractor
536:2С1 «Гвоздика»
523:
522:
515:
513:Maximum speed
509:
508:
505:
500:
497:
496:
493:
489:
488:
483:
479:
478:
472:
467:
464:
463:
460:
454:
453:
449:
448:
443:
439:
438:
435:
429:
428:
425:Maximum: 5 rpm
423:
417:
416:
413:
407:
406:
403:
397:
396:
389:
383:
382:
379:
373:
372:
366:122 x 447mm .R
364:
358:
357:
353:
352:
349:
345:
344:
341:
337:
336:
333:
329:
328:
325:
318:
317:
314:
310:
309:
306:
302:
301:
300:Specifications
297:
296:
293:
289:
288:
285:
278:
277:
274:
270:
269:
266:
262:
261:
256:
252:
251:
247:
246:
185:
181:
180:
174:
170:
169:
166:
162:
161:
157:
156:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
130:
129:
127:2S1 (SAU-122)
119:
118:
60:"2S1 Gvozdika"
33:
31:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4538:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4486:
4483:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4470:9K31 Strela-1
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4460:S-125 Newa SC
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4436:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4392:
4388:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4366:OTR-21 Tochka
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4314:
4310:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4251:
4247:
4239:
4234:
4231:
4227:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
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4180:
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4128:
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4108:
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4099:
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4033:
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4028:
4027:
4025:
4023:
4019:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3990:
3986:
3980:
3977:
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3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
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3895:
3893:
3891:
3887:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3865:T-55AM Merida
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3833:
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3805:
3803:
3798:
3796:
3791:
3790:
3787:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3759:2S39 Magnolia
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3730:
3724:
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3673:
3671:
3668:
3664:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3638:
3632:
3631:2K22 Tunguska
3629:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3607:anti-aircraft
3605:
3601:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3573:
3567:
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3500:
3494:
3491:
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3479:
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3457:
3451:
3448:
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3443:
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3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3418:
3414:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3357:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:Anti-aircraft
3318:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3303:
3296:
3291:
3289:
3284:
3282:
3277:
3276:
3273:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3235:
3231:
3226:
3222:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3201:VPK-3927 Volk
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3173:
3170:
3166:
3161:
3157:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3090:
3086:
3081:
3077:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2954:
2950:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2879:
2875:
2870:
2867:
2863:
2856:
2851:
2849:
2844:
2842:
2837:
2836:
2833:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2806:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2783:
2779:
2773:
2770:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2750:
2747:
2743:
2738:
2735:
2732:, p. 97.
2731:
2726:
2723:
2720:, p. 68.
2719:
2714:
2711:
2708:, p. 84.
2707:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2690:
2687:
2682:
2678:
2671:
2668:
2652:
2648:
2641:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2625:, p. 55.
2624:
2619:
2616:
2613:, p. 47.
2612:
2607:
2604:
2601:, p. 46.
2600:
2595:
2592:
2589:, p. 51.
2588:
2583:
2580:
2576:
2571:
2568:
2564:
2559:
2556:
2552:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2535:
2532:
2528:
2523:
2520:
2516:
2511:
2508:
2504:
2499:
2496:
2492:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2475:
2472:
2468:
2463:
2460:
2456:
2451:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2436:
2432:
2427:
2424:
2420:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2403:
2400:
2396:
2391:
2388:
2384:
2379:
2376:
2371:
2369:9781857438352
2365:
2361:
2357:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2339:
2336:
2332:
2327:
2324:
2320:
2315:
2312:
2308:
2303:
2300:
2297:, p. 89.
2296:
2291:
2288:
2284:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2267:
2264:
2261:, p. 79.
2260:
2255:
2252:
2248:
2243:
2240:
2236:
2231:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2207:
2204:
2201:, p. 77.
2200:
2195:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2159:
2156:
2152:
2147:
2144:
2140:
2135:
2132:
2120:
2116:
2109:
2106:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2078:
2075:
2062:
2058:
2052:
2049:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2023:
2018:
2014:
2008:
2005:
2000:
1994:
1991:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1951:
1948:
1941:
1935:
1933:0-7607-1260-3
1929:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1906:
1905:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1714:Yugoslav Wars
1711:
1708:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1697:Iran–Iraq War
1694:
1691:
1688:
1685:(1994–1996),
1684:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1658:
1655:
1644:
1641:
1630:
1627:
1616:
1614:
1603:
1600:
1589:
1587:− 130 in 2004
1586:
1575:
1573:
1572:Islamic State
1562:
1560:
1556:
1545:
1543:
1532:
1529:
1518:
1515:
1504:
1501:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1469:
1467:
1456:
1454:
1443:
1440:
1429:
1426:
1415:
1412:
1401:
1398:
1387:
1384:
1373:
1371:
1360:
1358:
1347:
1345:
1334:
1331:
1320:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1298:
1295:
1284:
1281:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1253:
1250:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1222:
1219:
1208:
1205:
1194:
1191:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1174:South Ossetia
1163:
1162:
1160:
1149:
1146:
1135:
1133:
1122:
1119:
1108:
1105:
1094:
1092:
1081:
1078:
1067:
1064:
1053:
1050:
1039:
1036:
1025:
1022:
1011:
1008:
997:
994:
983:
980:
969:
966:
955:
954:
950:
945:
941:
937:
932:
925:
921:
916:
909:
905:
898:
894:
881: Current
874:
867:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
831:
830:
826:
821:
817:
816:
812:
809:
808:
804:
803:
799:
794:
791:
790:
786:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
762:
758:
754:
753:
749:
748:
744:
739:
735:
731:
727:
726:OAPR model 89
724:
723:
719:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
697:
692:
689:
688:
683:
682:
681:
679:
675:
671:
663:
658:
655:
654:
650:
645:
641:
638:
637:
633:
628:
626:
624:
620:
616:
612:
604:
602:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
533:
532:
516:
510:
506:
498:
494:
490:
484:
480:
476:
473:
465:
461:
459:
455:
450:
444:
440:
436:
434:
430:
424:
422:
418:
414:
412:
408:
404:
402:
398:
394:
393:sliding-wedge
390:
388:
384:
380:
378:
374:
371:
365:
363:
359:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
298:
294:
290:
286:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
260:
257:
253:
248:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
204:Yugoslav Wars
201:
197:
193:
192:Iran–Iraq War
189:
186:
182:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
158:
154:
150:
147:
144:
140:
136:
131:
124:
115:
112:
104:
93:
90:
86:
83:
79:
76:
72:
69:
65:
62: –
61:
57:
56:Find sources:
50:
46:
40:
39:
34:This article
32:
28:
23:
22:
19:
4465:2K11M Krug-M
4450:9K33M3 Osa-P
4424:PSR-A Pilica
4376:K239 Chunmoo
4168:MaxxPro Dash
4102:Armored cars
3997:KBWP Rosomak
3855:PT-91 Twardy
3693:2S3 Akatsiya
3688:2S1 Gvozdika
3687:
3644:assault guns
3541:BM-30 Smerch
3536:BM-27 Uragan
3478:M-160 mortar
3313:World War II
3165:Armored cars
3146:Kurganets-25
3052:BTR Bumerang
3001:Kurganets-25
2805:2S1 Gvozdika
2781:
2772:
2755:
2749:
2737:
2725:
2713:
2701:
2689:
2680:
2670:
2658:. Retrieved
2651:the original
2630:
2618:
2606:
2594:
2582:
2570:
2558:
2546:
2534:
2522:
2510:
2498:
2486:
2474:
2462:
2450:
2438:
2426:
2414:
2402:
2390:
2378:
2359:
2350:
2338:
2326:
2314:
2302:
2290:
2278:
2266:
2254:
2242:
2230:
2218:
2206:
2194:
2182:
2170:
2158:
2146:
2134:
2122:. Retrieved
2118:
2108:
2096:. Retrieved
2087:
2077:
2065:. Retrieved
2061:the original
2051:
2037:
2025:
2016:
2007:
1993:
1981:. Retrieved
1977:the original
1972:
1962:
1950:
1923:
1903:
1882:
1858:
1835:
1825:Bibliography
1819:List of AFVs
1802:2S3 Akatsiya
1681:(Russia) –
1640:Soviet Union
1601:− 24 in 2004
1528:East Germany
1502:– 91 in 1999
1397:Turkmenistan
1164:
919:
897:Serbian Army
887: Former
832:
813:
805:
800:Soviet Union
792:
750:
737:
729:
725:
695:
693:
686:
684:
667:
656:
639:
608:
583:muzzle brake
572:
559:
530:
528:
526:
370:cased charge
324: length
295:see Variants
173:Used by
168:1972–present
155:Soviet Union
107:
101:January 2023
98:
88:
81:
74:
67:
55:
43:Please help
38:verification
35:
18:
4485:SPZR Poprad
4455:2K12M Kub-M
4371:M142 HIMARS
4336:9K72 Elbrus
4331:9K52 Luna-M
4283:Dana wz. 77
4258:2S1 Goździk
4236: [
4224: [
4191:Ford Ranger
4088: [
4075:OT-62 TOPAS
4045:KTO Rosomak
3913:Heavy tanks
3890:Light tanks
3845:Leopard 2PL
3744:2S4 Tyulpan
3723:A-222 Bereg
3708:2S19 Msta-S
3566:Zemledeliye
3483:2B9 Vasilek
3473:2B14 Podnos
3206:T-98 Kombat
3141:T-15 Armata
2939:T-14 Armata
2778:"- YouTube"
1670:Afghanistan
1628:– 8 in 1999
1357:South Sudan
845:Caterpillar
752:2S34 Khosta
615:Polish Army
611:Soviet Army
501:Operational
495:torsion bar
415:360 degrees
391:Horizontal
284: built
4500:Categories
4480:Mała Narew
4351:BM-21 Grad
4278:K9 Thunder
4206:Mercedes G
4080:OT-64 SKOT
4055:SPG Kalina
4002:BWP Borsuk
3774:2S42 Lotos
3764:2S40 Floks
3718:2S43 Malva
3521:BM-21 Grad
3394:Field guns
3196:GAZ Vodnik
3057:BTR Krymsk
2645:(Report).
2090:. London.
1942:References
1710:Yugoslavia
1654:Yugoslavia
1439:Uzbekistan
1383:Tajikistan
1249:Kyrgyzstan
1218:Kazakhstan
1007:Azerbaijan
926:'s chassis
807:2S15 Norov
772:Kitolov-2M
764:gun-mortar
564:amphibious
534:(Russian:
492:Suspension
244:Tigray War
71:newspapers
4399:PZA Loara
4140:D-442 FUG
3850:M1 Abrams
3841:Leopard 2
3769:2S41 Drok
3754:2S31 Vena
3670:howitzers
3493:2S12 Sani
3417:Howitzers
3360:Anti-tank
3309:artillery
2909:T-54/T-55
2764:1765-0828
2742:IISS 1989
2730:IISS 1999
2718:IISS 2004
2706:IISS 2004
2694:IISS 2004
2681:Oryx Blog
2623:IISS 2004
2611:IISS 1989
2599:IISS 1989
2587:IISS 1999
2575:IISS 2024
2563:IISS 2024
2551:IISS 2024
2539:IISS 2024
2527:IISS 2024
2515:IISS 2024
2503:IISS 2024
2491:IISS 2024
2479:IISS 2024
2467:IISS 2024
2455:IISS 2024
2443:IISS 2024
2431:IISS 2024
2419:IISS 2024
2407:IISS 2024
2395:IISS 2024
2383:IISS 2024
2343:IISS 2024
2331:IISS 2024
2319:IISS 2024
2307:IISS 2024
2295:IISS 2024
2283:IISS 2024
2271:IISS 2024
2259:IISS 2024
2247:IISS 2024
2235:IISS 2024
2223:IISS 2024
2211:IISS 2024
2199:IISS 2024
2187:IISS 2024
2175:IISS 2024
2163:IISS 2024
2151:IISS 2024
2139:IISS 2024
1796:2S19 Msta
1236:Peshmerga
1232:Kurdistan
1190:Hezbollah
918:Romanian
868:Operators
599:flechette
540:Carnation
401:Elevation
276:1971–1991
268:1956–1961
178:Operators
4419:ZSU-57-2
4414:ZSU-23-4
4409:Hibneryt
4346:RM-70/85
4321:2K6 Luna
4303:M120 Rak
4263:2S7 Pion
4221:PWA Aero
4158:Cougar H
4120:AMZ Żubr
4115:AMZ Dzik
3749:2S9 Nona
3703:2S7 Pion
3626:ZSU-57-2
3335:AZP S-60
3191:GAZ Tigr
2124:29 March
2092:Archived
1856:(1999).
1834:(1989).
1769:See also
1705:Iraq War
1701:Gulf War
1679:Chechnya
1659:Top Gear
1626:Slovenia
1613:Slovakia
1479:Zimbabwe
1132:Ethiopia
1035:Bulgaria
920:Model 89
833:Kevlar-E
780:Totskoye
738:Model 89
705:AHS Krab
629:Variants
623:division
619:division
560:Gvozdika
531:Gvozdika
470:armament
411:Traverse
292:Variants
273:Produced
265:Designed
255:Designer
216:Iraq War
196:Gulf War
4443:systems
4298:ISU-152
4293:ISU-122
4216:UAZ-469
4163:MaxxPro
4050:KTO Ryś
4030:BTR-152
3979:Tumak-5
3880:T-34-85
3736:mortars
3683:2B1 Oka
3551:Tornado
3460:Mortars
3330:ZU-23-2
3306:Russian
3241:Yenisei
3211:Typhoon
3047:BTR-152
3010:Wheeled
2969:Tracked
2866:Russian
2811:FAS.org
2660:16 July
1759:Ukraine
1719:Georgia
1542:Hungary
1453:Vietnam
1425:Uruguay
1411:Ukraine
1294:Romania
1159:Georgia
1145:Finland
1118:Eritrea
1104:Croatia
1021:Belarus
993:Armenia
965:Algeria
849:Cummins
827:Ukraine
720:Romania
711:-T and
696:Goździk
687:Goździk
651:Myanmar
591:leaflet
575:Kharkiv
377:Caliber
287:10,000+
85:scholar
4288:SU-152
4273:ASU-85
4196:Honker
4135:BRDM-2
4125:BRDM-1
4040:BTR-60
4035:BTR-40
3974:SU-100
3816:Polish
3657:ASU-85
3652:ASU-57
3516:BMD-20
3311:after
3302:Soviet
3256:Baikal
3186:GAZ-46
3181:BRDM-2
3176:BRDM-1
3042:BPM-97
3037:BTR-90
3032:BTR-80
3027:BTR-70
3022:BTR-60
3017:BTR-40
2976:BTR-50
2862:Soviet
2762:
2366:
2119:Forbes
2032:p. 164
1930:
1911:
1890:
1866:
1842:
1784:PLZ-89
1775:PLZ-07
1651:
1637:
1623:
1610:
1596:
1582:
1569:
1552:
1539:
1525:
1511:
1497:
1476:
1463:
1450:
1436:
1422:
1408:
1394:
1380:
1367:
1354:
1341:
1330:Serbia
1327:
1308:Russia
1305:
1291:
1280:Poland
1277:
1260:
1246:
1229:
1215:
1201:
1187:
1171:
1156:
1142:
1129:
1115:
1101:
1088:
1074:
1060:
1046:
1032:
1018:
1004:
990:
979:Angola
976:
962:
924:MLI-84
885:
879:
787:Serbia
761:2A80-1
745:Russia
734:MLI-84
664:Poland
644:Boragh
640:Raad-1
595:HE/RAP
585:and a
548:MT-LBu
482:Engine
387:Breech
340:Height
322:Barrel
313:Length
87:
80:
73:
66:
58:
4361:BM-14
4356:BM-24
4240:]
4233:Żmija
4228:]
4201:HMMWV
4173:M-ATV
4150:MRAPs
4110:BA-64
4092:]
4065:MT-LB
4012:BWP-1
4007:BWP-2
3969:SU-85
3964:SU-76
3959:9P133
3954:9P110
3898:PT-76
3584:SPG-9
3561:TOS-2
3556:TOS-1
3531:BM-25
3526:BM-24
3511:BM-14
3246:Volga
3131:BTR-T
3126:BMD-4
3121:BMD-3
3116:BMD-2
3111:BMD-1
3106:BMP-3
3101:BMP-2
3096:BMP-1
2991:GT-MU
2986:BTR-D
2981:MT-LB
2899:PT-76
2883:Tanks
2654:(PDF)
2643:(PDF)
2098:5 May
2067:9 May
1983:3 May
1750:Syria
1728:Libya
1585:Libya
1466:Yemen
1370:Syria
1344:Sudan
1263:Libya
936:Iraqi
853:Deutz
694:2S1T
685:2S1M
670:MT-LB
503:range
458:Armor
362:Shell
332:Width
92:JSTOR
78:books
4326:9K51
4268:Krab
4070:M113
4060:Opal
3949:2P27
3944:2P26
3926:IS-3
3921:IS-2
3903:T-70
3875:T-54
3870:T-55
3860:T-72
3609:guns
3468:2B11
3362:guns
3323:guns
3304:and
3251:Amur
3136:BMPT
2934:T-90
2929:T-80
2924:T-72
2919:T-64
2914:T-62
2904:T-44
2894:T-10
2864:and
2760:ISSN
2662:2015
2364:ISBN
2126:2023
2100:2018
2069:2014
1985:2010
1928:ISBN
1909:ISBN
1888:ISBN
1864:ISBN
1840:ISBN
1693:Iraq
1555:Iraq
1204:Iran
1091:Cuba
1049:Chad
757:2A31
709:Dana
674:Opal
672:and
657:2S1U
646:APC.
634:Iran
556:GRAU
529:2S1
527:The
475:2A18
468:Main
348:Crew
305:Mass
184:Wars
176:see
142:Type
64:news
4429:M17
4381:NDR
2996:PTS
942:'s
934:An
857:NBC
851:or
778:in
568:NBC
538:, "
282:No.
47:by
4502::
4238:pl
4226:pl
4090:pl
2780:.
2679:.
2117:.
2086:.
2015:.
1971:.
1761:–
1752:–
1743:-
1734:,
1730:–
1721:–
1712:–
1703:,
1699:,
1695:–
1672:–
1314:,
847:,
835:–
707:,
593:,
577:,
3843:/
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3280:v
2854:e
2847:t
2840:v
2784:.
2766:.
2683:.
2664:.
2372:.
2128:.
2102:.
2071:.
2019:.
1987:.
1936:.
1917:.
1896:.
1872:.
1848:.
946:.
863:.
822:.
740:.
728:(
715:.
351:4
114:)
108:(
103:)
99:(
89:·
82:·
75:·
68:·
41:.
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