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printed guns," and that "proposed legislation to ban 3D printing of weapons may deter, but cannot completely prevent their production. Even if the practice is prohibited by new legislation, online distribution of these digital files will be as difficult to control as any other illegally traded music, movie or software files."
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selling cannabis. Originally in
October 2017, he claimed he was only printing gun-like models, however in February 2018, following another raid, it was found his intentions were to make a working firearm based on his browser history and some working gun components found in his house along with homemade gunpowder.
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Currently, it is not federally prohibited by law to manufacture firearms for personal use in the United States, as long as the firearm is not produced with the intent to be sold or transferred, and meets a few basic requirements. A license is required to manufacture firearms for sale or distribution.
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makes it a crime for a person to manufacture (or offer to manufacture) any firearm or ammunition knowing that the person is not authorized to do so under
Canadian laws or regulations. Authorizations to manufacture can be obtained, for example, as a capability attached to a firearms business license.
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Dimension 1200es printer. It was created by a
Canadian known by the pseudonym "Matthew" who told The Verge that he was in his late 20s, and his main job was making tools for the construction industry. The original Grizzly fired a single shot before breaking. Grizzly 2.0 fired fourteen bullets before
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Internationally, where gun controls are generally tighter than in the United States, some commentators have said the impact may be more strongly felt, as alternative firearms are not as easily obtainable. European officials have noted that producing a 3D printed gun would be illegal under their gun
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In another case in
February 2017, Sicen Sun was arrested on charges related to 3D printable guns. During trial in December 2017, he pleaded guilty to charges including possessing a digital blueprint for the manufacture of firearms, manufacturing a pistol without a licence permit, and possessing an
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require a metal plate to be inserted into the printed body. The Act was renewed for five years in 1998, and ten years in 2003 and 2013. The subject of 3D printed guns gained such attention that in 2014, Netflix included it in its documentary "Print the Legend", a film about the significance of 3D
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The law prohibits a person from assembling a non–sporting semiautomatic rifle or shotgun from 10 or more imported parts, as well as firearms that cannot be detected by metal detectors or x–ray machines. In addition, the making of an NFA firearm requires a tax payment and advance approval by ATF.
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In June 2019, Tendai
Muswere, aged 26, became the first person in the United Kingdom charged with making a gun with a 3D printer. The firearm in question, which he claims was merely a movie-prop for a dystopian film he was working on, was found during a raid following claims he was growing and
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released a memo stating "Significant advances in three-dimensional (3D) printing capabilities, availability of free digital 3D printer files for firearms components, and difficulty regulating file sharing may present public safety risks from unqualified gun seekers who obtain or manufacture 3D
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and other file sharing sites. Some US legislators have proposed regulations on 3D printers to prevent their use for printing guns. 3D printing advocates have suggested that such regulations would be futile, could cripple the 3D printing industry, and could infringe on free speech rights.
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California requires (under a 2018 law) homemade guns to have a small piece of stainless steel embedded, with a serial number issued by the
California Justice Department, and regulations with regard to safety classes and background checks
441:, in May 2014, Yoshitomo Imura was the first person to be arrested for possessing printed guns. Imura had five guns, two of which were capable of being fired, but had no ammunition. Imura had previously posted blueprints and video of his
184:. In 2015, Defense Distributed sued the State Department on free speech grounds, and in 2018 the Department of Justice settled, acknowledging the American right to publish instructions for the production of 3D printed firearms online.
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and when he started searching blueprints online he downloaded plans for other guns which looked "cool". Sun had previously posted an advertisement on the internet to sell one of his imitation weapons for "$ 1 million negotiable" on a
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control laws, and that criminals have access to other sources of weapons, but noted that as the technology improved the risks of an effect would increase. Downloads of the plans from the UK, Germany, Spain, and Brazil were heavy.
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The
Canadian government moreover has stated that "regardless of manufacturing method, a business licence is required to produce a firearm". At least two separate cases during 2020 have led to charges for 3D printing of firearms.
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The
Singaporean government passed a law in January 2021 that made it an offence for anyone in Singapore to possess a digital blueprint of a gun or gun part without a license under the Guns, Explosives and Weapons Control Act.
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criminalizes the possession of the digital plans and files to 3D print firearms under
Section 51F of the Firearms Act 1996. In one case in 2015, a loaded 3D printed firearm was found during a police raid on a meth lab.
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393:. He also had manufactured several more 3D printed guns that were not brought along. This sparked questions over the legal status of such firearms, though the consensus in most parties represented in the
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Although it is possible to create fully-printed plastic firearms, these tend to have short working lives. 3D printed gun culture is built more around the printing of firearm frames and
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has begun using 3D-printed firearms and ammunition due to ease of access and for selling on to other gangs. This was found out via the discovery of videos and images on a seized
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On August 1, 2018, the US District Court blocked the re-publication of the 3D design of firearms online due to the potential risk to the public. In
January 2020, the
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Laws related to the manufacture, sale, and possession of firearms generally apply to 3D-printed firearms. Some state and local laws apply more specifically to 3D-printed guns:
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gained particular notoriety for the use of improvised firearms by the perpetrator. One of the firearms he brought along (though did not use) was a hybrid design where the
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Defense Distributed has demonstrated its Liberator 3D printed gun successfully. The gun, however, has a limited lifespan, and it typically fails after eight to 10 shots.
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letter to Defense Distributed ordering it not to distribute its plans to people in New Jersey. The company sued on First Amendment grounds; as of March 2021, the case
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Directorate of Defense Trade Controls ordered Defense Distributed to remove the plans since it was not licensed to export them. Various federal courts ruled in
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544:. The State Department settled the case by giving an export license to Defense Distributed, prevailing despite lawsuits from several states to prevent it.
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Attempting to restrict the distribution over the Internet of gun plans has been likened to the futility of preventing the widespread distribution of
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After Defense Distributed released its first generation of files, world media questioned the effects that 3D printing and widespread, consumer-level
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Massachusetts bans "concealed" weapons, defined as ones that cannot be found with metal detectors or which resemble other objects. Attorney General
319:, which converts a Glock pistol into a select-fire weapon. The ATF commented in February 2023 that converted Glocks were found "on a weekly basis".
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While 3D-printed parts are made in the development and production of conventional firearms, they are more commonly associated with DIY guns in
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published a rule change to remove 3D-printed gun blueprints from the munitions list and transfer administrative authority over them to the
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unauthorised pistol. In a sentence hearing on August 6, 2018, he told the court he initially wanted to replicate a gun from the videogame
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overturned that ruling in April 2021. As a result, online posting of plans for 3D-printed firearms now requires a license under the
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New Jersey restricts manufacturing of 3D-printed guns and distributions for blueprints to licensed firearm manufacturers. In 2018,
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firearms, only requiring a license, as long as the firearms stay within legal limits. In November 2021, it was reported that in
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229:" was created. It is reported that it can be made in 2 weeks with $ 500 of tools. A second model was later made in April 2021.
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any firearm that cannot be detected by a metal detector is illegal to manufacture, so legal designs for firearms such as the
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1201:"3-D-printed gun: Yes, it will be possible to make weapons with 3-D printers. No, that doesn't make gun control futile"
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29:, a 3D-printable single-shot handgun which was the first printable firearm design made widely available online in 2013
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275:. After the US government had Defense Distributed take down the plans, they were still widely available via
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1899:"Use of 3D printed guns in German synagogue shooting must act as warning to security services, experts say"
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bans the manufacturing of guns and gun parts without government approval. Hence, 3D printed weapons are
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1640:"3-D Printing Pioneer Wants Government to Restrict Gunpowder, Not Printable Guns | Danger Room"
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states that this rule "prohibits" 3D-printed guns, which is dubious considering most contain metal.
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updated its Guide on Firearms Licensing Law to specifically mention the ban on 3D printed weapons.
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2014:"Owning digital plans to 3D-print guns without licence to be made a crime after new Bill passed"
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555:. A U.S. District judge blocked the rule change on procedural grounds in March 2020, but the
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2032:"Parliament: Replica weapons excluded from new law to regulate guns, explosives and weapons"
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US Government Proposes ITAR Amendments to Choke off Distribution of 3D Printable Gun Models
1531:"Schumer Announces Support For Measure To Make 3D Printed Guns Illegal « CBS New York"
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Philadelphia banned the manufacture and possession of 3D-printed firearms in November 2013.
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1461:"Wishful Thinking Is Control Freaks' Last Defense Against 3D-Printed Guns - Hit & Run"
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1269:"Gun factory fears as 3D blueprints put online by Defense Distributed | Metro News"
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had been remanded to a district court after higher courts settled jurisdictional issues.
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1365:"España y EE.UU. lideran las descargas de los planos de la pistola de impresión casera"
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advocated technical countermeasures designed to prevent owners from printing guns. The
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1439:"State Dept Censors 3D Gun Plans, Citing 'National Security' - News from Antiwar.com"
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1814:"Winnipeg police make first ever seizure of 'ghost guns' in city; one man arrested"
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1509:"Sen. Leland Yee Proposes Regulating Guns From 3-D Printers « CBS Sacramento"
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banned because the law bans all manufacturing, regardless of method. However, the
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explicitly prohibits the unlicensed manufacture of firearms regardless of method.
2405:
2355:"BREAKING: Supreme Court Denies New Jersey Cert in Defense Distributed v. Grewal"
1832:"Charges laid in 3D-printed 'ghost guns' case believed to be a first in province"
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3D gun printing is illegal in Massachusetts, Attorney General Maura Healey says
2217:
Daly, Angela; Mann, Monique; Squires, Peter; Walters, Reece (January 2, 2021).
1696:"What to know about 'Glock switches,' the devices that make handguns full auto"
700:
172:-type rifle receivers and magazines. With these early online publications, the
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1554:"US government attempts to stifle 3D-printer gun designs will ultimately fail"
1223:"Homeland Security bulletin warns 3D-printed guns may be 'impossible' to stop"
284:
217:, a 3D printed .22-caliber rifle created around August 2013, was made using a
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Legal action against Defense Distributed inspired the creation of additional
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1103:"3D Printers, Meet Othermill: A CNC machine for your home office (VIDEO)"
526:
to include 3D-printed firearms in 2015. With these changes in place, the
518:, started posting 3D-printed gun blueprints on the Internet in 2013. The
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2106:"Tendai Muswere: Student first to be convicted of making 3D-printed gun"
1795:"Canadians could face prison time for making 3D-printed guns: officials"
1740:"Mudgeeraba acreage raided, 3D-printed gun and drug lab allegedly found"
765:"'Wiki Weapon Project' Aims To Create A Gun Anyone Can 3D-Print At Home"
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2372:"Does an individual need a license to make a firearm for personal use?"
1367:[Spain and U.S. lead in downloads of home printing gun plans].
422:
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3D-printed firearms in Italy are subjected to the same laws as typical
272:
168:. Defense Distributed also designed the first generation of 3D printed
161:
149:
53:
1313:"First 3D Printed Gun 'The Liberator' Successfully Fired - IBTimes UK"
819:""Download this gun": 3D-printed semi-automatic fires over 600 rounds"
397:
was that no additional legislation would be necessary, as the current
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is used in a similar way to prevent color photocopiers from producing
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1077:"ATF's Proposed Rules Threaten a Legal Mess but No End to Ghost Guns"
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DEFCAD, the world’s largest repository for small arms technical data
1126:"The Third Wave, CNC, Stereolithography, and the end of gun control"
2265:"Judge Blocks White House Bid for Online 3D-Printed Gun Blueprints"
2157:
An Act to extend the Undetectable Firearms Act of 1988 for 10 years
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How 3-D Printed Guns Evolved Into Serious Weapons in Just One Year
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20:
1594:"How Defense Distributed Already Upended the World - Philip Bump"
164:
that could be downloaded and reproduced by anyone with a desktop
1291:"Liberator: First 3D-printed gun sparks gun control controversy"
719:"Lab tests show 3D printed guns can be useless -- and dangerous"
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1141:"Weapons made with 3-D printers could test gun-control efforts"
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1850:
Halle (Saale): Stephan Balliet bereitete Tat seit Monaten vor.
959:"3D-printed guns are back, and this time they are unstoppable"
897:"US government drops prohibition on files for 3D printed arms"
269:
238:
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1052:"World's first 3D-printed rifle gets update, fires 14 shots"
978:"Illegal 3D Printed Guns in Europe by Popular Front (Video)"
701:
New Zealand leads the way in Titanium Additive Manufacturing
225:
In October 2020, another 3D-printed 9mm rifle known as the "
1958:[The Camorra goes hi-tech: '3D-printed weapons'.].
1930:, October 17, 2019. Retrieved November 9, 2019 (in German).
1856:, October 14, 2019. Retrieved November 9, 2019 (in German).
354:
buy, swap and sell group, which set off the investigation.
2131:"London student convicted for making gun using 3D printer"
870:"Defense Distributed v. United States Department of State"
1922:
Aus dem 3D-Drucker: Muss das Waffenrecht geändert werden?
1572:"Like It Or Not, 3D Printing Will Probably Be Legislated"
928:"A Landmark Legal Shift Opens Pandora's Box for DIY Guns"
176:
demanded removal of the files from the company's website
75:, and the use of standard commercial components, like an
2171:"Print the Legend Official Trailer [HD] Netflix"
1763:"'Silly, naive': Fanboy faces jail over 3D-printed guns"
1182:"3D-printable guns are just the start, says Cody Wilson"
533:
Defense Distributed v. United States Department of State
1483:"The Pirate Bay steps in to distribute 3-D gun designs"
2399:
2291:"Ninth Circuit Lifts Ban on 3D-Printed Gun Blueprints"
1985:"Japanese Man Arrested For Printing His Own Revolvers"
287:
suggested that gunpowder could be controlled instead.
195:, in 2019. Members of these communities are generally
191:
3D-printed firearm communities, including FOSSCAD and
2378:. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives
315:
In 2022, 3D-printing led to the proliferation of the
60:. While plastic printed firearms are associated with
746:"The 3D-Printed Gun Isn't Coming. It's Already Here"
94:. 3D-printed parts complicate the debates regarding
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2316:
FAQs for the Commerce Categories I-III (final rule)
1956:"La camorra diventa hi-tech: "Armi stampate in 3d""
1868:"Luty Sub-machine Guns: past, present & future"
1022:"First 3-D printed rifle fires bullet, then breaks"
844:"Blueprints for 3-D printer gun pulled off website"
542:
Second Amendments to the United States Constitution
676:"Defense Distributed – Come And Take It 2.0 Patch"
445:to the Internet, which set off the investigation.
2155:The most recent extension, to expire in 2023, is
1596:. The Atlantic Wire. May 10, 2013. Archived from
1339:"US demands removal of 3D printed gun blueprints"
311:Copyright infringement § Preventive measures
1960:Stylo24 - Ultime Notizie su Napoli e la Campania
997:"Texas company makes metal gun with 3-D printer"
4752:Small Arms & Light Weapons (SALW)
2332:State and Local Laws Regulating 3D-Printed Guns
1663:"The battle to stop 3D-printed guns, explained"
1246:"Peter Cochrane's Blog: Beyond 3D Printed Guns"
703:, Metal Additive Manufacturing, May 12, 2014. (
210:made of metal, using an industrial 3D printer.
199:, and are often based in non-US jurisdictions.
56:that is partially or primarily produced with a
102:bans, as well as federal regulations like the
2441:
8:
2206:Blueprints for 3D-printed guns banned online
2000:"Maker of 3D-printed guns arrested in Japan"
1315:. Ibtimes.co.uk. May 7, 2013. Archived from
1139:Rosenwald, Michael S. (February 25, 2013).
793:"Could a 'Printable Gun' Change the World?"
536:which claimed the regulations violated the
389:was 3D printed, and he also had 3D printed
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3170:
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2426:
2416:Should We Be Afraid of the 3D Printed Gun?
206:, demonstrated a 3D printed version of an
180:, deeming the activity a violation of the
83:. Metal parts can be made or purchased in
1979:
1977:
1159:"Making guns at home: Ready, print, fire"
524:International Traffic in Arms Regulations
1715:"Section 51F of Firearms Act 1996 (NSW)"
1623:. European Plastics News. Archived from
1621:"Plastic gun draws eyes to 3-D printing"
1413:"3dprinting | Jon Camfield dot com"
1638:Beckhusen, Robert (February 15, 2013).
667:
650:
160:published plans for the first complete
2366:
2364:
2327:
2325:
2323:
1910:from the original on October 11, 2019.
1511:. Sacramento.cbslocal.com. May 8, 2013
976:Weingarten, Dean (November 26, 2020).
241:machining would have on international
1761:Mitchell, Georgina (August 6, 2018).
1045:
1043:
1016:
1014:
739:
737:
735:
7:
640:List of 3D printed weapons and parts
599:Defense Distributed v. Gurbir Grewal
494:Ghost gun § Pending legislation
1676:Ulbrich, Chris (January 14, 2004).
1533:. Newyork.cbslocal.com. May 5, 2013
846:. www.statesman.com. Archived from
763:Greenberg, Andy (August 23, 2012).
306:is used in image editing software.
222:getting damaged due to the strain.
1866:Tousignant, Chloe (May 17, 2020).
1812:McKendrick, Devon (June 9, 2020).
1678:"Currency Detector Easy to Defeat"
1619:Putrich, Gayle S. (May 13, 2013).
1161:. The Economist. February 16, 2013
938:from the original on July 10, 2018
907:from the original on July 13, 2018
254:Joint Regional Intelligence Center
156:In May 2013, the American company
14:
4822:Gun politics in the United States
2219:"3D printing, policing and crime"
2077:"Guide on Firearms Licensing Law"
1415:. Joncamfield.com. Archived from
926:Greenberg, Andy (July 10, 2018).
791:Poeter, Damon (August 24, 2012).
678:. August 26, 2018. Archived from
630:Gun politics in the United States
561:Export Administration Regulations
528:United States Department of State
174:United States Department of State
16:Firearm created using 3D printing
1661:German Lopez (August 29, 2018).
1441:. News.antiwar.com. May 10, 2013
1244:Cochrane, Peter (May 21, 2013).
1050:Franzen, Carl (August 4, 2013).
995:Gross, Doug (November 9, 2013).
817:Farivar, Cyrus (March 1, 2013).
957:Hanrahan, Jake (May 20, 2019).
717:Mearian, Lucas (May 30, 2014).
565:Bureau of Industry and Security
250:Department of Homeland Security
1962:(in Italian). November 9, 2021
1574:. TechCrunch. January 18, 2013
1199:Manjoo, Farhad (May 8, 2013).
895:Kopel, David (July 10, 2018).
744:Kelly, Kim (August 23, 2020).
557:Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals
283:3D printing pioneer Professor
1:
4617:Firearms by country
4532:Civilian Marksmanship Program
2235:10.1080/10439463.2020.1730835
2169:Netflix (September 9, 2014).
1713:New South Wales Legislation.
1267:Gilani, Nadia (May 6, 2013).
364:Firearms regulation in Canada
304:Counterfeit Deterrence System
1552:Ball, James (May 10, 2013).
1393:. Quiet Babylon. May 7, 2013
1341:. neurope.eu. Archived from
1180:Rayner, Alex (May 6, 2013).
292:Center for American Progress
4788:Federal Assault Weapons Ban
4686:Campaign Against Arms Trade
1998:Tim Hornyak (May 8, 2014).
1719:New South Wales legislation
587:New Jersey Attorney General
4843:
4742:High-capacity magazine ban
3868:Mean time between failures
1876:Armament Research Services
491:
361:
308:
4710:
4471:Household ownership rates
4426:
4150:
3985:
3959:
3739:
3613:
3173:
3150:
2967:
2781:
2542:
2529:
2480:
2476:
1767:The Sydney Morning Herald
1463:. Reason.com. May 8, 2013
1371:(in Spanish). May 9, 2013
1124:Clark (October 6, 2011).
500:Undetectable Firearms Act
202:In 2013 a Texas company,
42:Come and Take It (Folder)
1225:. Fox News. May 23, 2013
383:Halle synagogue shooting
152:first developed in 2020.
4772:by U.S. state
4182:Overpressure ammunition
4117:Improved Military Rifle
3823:Circular error probable
2742:Personal defence weapon
290:Chelsea Parsons at the
182:Arms Export Control Act
4466:Civilian gun ownership
3995:Firing (Shooting)
153:
131:
96:high-capacity magazine
45:
30:
3940:Handgun effectiveness
3873:Minute of Angle (MOA)
3749:Ballistic coefficient
2725:Semi-automatic pistol
507:printing technology.
309:Further information:
233:Effect on gun control
137:
130:
92:American gun politics
64:, or the politics of
36:
24:
4557:in the United States
4215:Armour piercing
3776:Rangefinding/keeping
3688:Push/Controlled feed
3480:Synchronization gear
3215:Blank-firing adapter
3066: or famous
2223:Policing and Society
1942:Waffengesetz (WaffG)
1906:. October 11, 2019.
1838:. September 3, 2020.
1627:on October 29, 2013.
1419:on November 28, 2020
1391:"Controlled by Guns"
1293:. Digitaljournal.com
874:harvardlawreview.org
549:Trump Administration
520:Obama Administration
300:counterfeit currency
296:EURion constellation
193:Deterrence Dispensed
4817:3D printed firearms
4649:Privately made
4612:Firearm brands
4498:State firearms
4478:Exhibition shooting
4461:Celebratory gunfire
4320:Plastic tipped
4250:High explosive
3771:Physics of firearms
2051:"Firearms Act 1968"
1345:on October 30, 2013
1319:on October 29, 2013
850:on October 29, 2013
682:on January 20, 2023
553:Commerce Department
512:Defense Distributed
417:and other areas of
336:, the state law of
158:Defense Distributed
62:improvised firearms
39:Defense Distributed
4747:Right to bear arms
4693:Featureless rifles
4639:Improvised firearm
4600:3D printed firearm
4488:United States
4383:Fully powered
4290:Total metal jacket
3930:Stock measurements
2653:Underwater firearm
2549: versus
2295:courthousenews.com
2269:courthousenews.com
2038:. January 5, 2021.
1944:, Section 4, § 51.
635:Improvised firearm
429:of said firearms.
154:
132:
50:3D printed firearm
46:
31:
4827:Homemade firearms
4804:
4803:
4800:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4761:United States Gun
4422:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4305:Hollow point
4230:Full metal jacket
4137:
4136:
4095:Tubes and Primers
3955:
3954:
3905:Power factor
3843:Gun harmonisation
3796:
3795:
3726:
3725:
3600:
3599:
3582:Night vision
3146:
3145:
3058:
3057:
2972:Automatic shotgun
2949:
2948:
2536:Types of firearms
2525:
2524:
2420:Popular Mechanics
2357:. March 29, 2021.
2036:The Straits Times
2002:. Computer World.
522:decided to amend
468:Firearms Act 1968
443:Zig Zag revolvers
128:
4834:
4708:
4654:Small arms trade
4592:Firearm industry
4443:, and
4428:
4300:Hollow base
4148:
4127:Smokeless powder
3983:
3961:
3910:Precision-guided
3737:
3611:
3418:Rail system
3292:Flash suppressor
3171:
3152:
3098:Winchester rifle
3088:Antique firearms
3018:20-gauge shotgun
2965:
2779:
2531:
2478:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2427:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2368:
2359:
2358:
2351:
2345:
2340:
2334:
2329:
2318:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2297:. April 27, 2021
2287:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2261:
2255:
2254:
2214:
2208:
2203:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2166:
2160:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2086:. UK Home Office
2081:
2075:UK Home Office.
2072:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2061:
2049:UK Legislation.
2046:
2040:
2039:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2010:
2004:
2003:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1981:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1952:
1946:
1937:
1931:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1901:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1863:
1857:
1846:
1840:
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1828:
1822:
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1809:
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1802:
1791:
1785:
1777:
1771:
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1758:
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1736:
1730:
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1692:
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1590:
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1568:
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1549:
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1527:
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1505:
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1435:
1429:
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1409:
1403:
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1400:
1398:
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1309:
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1258:
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1255:
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1241:
1235:
1234:
1232:
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1219:
1213:
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1210:
1208:
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1047:
1038:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1018:
1009:
1008:
1006:
1004:
992:
986:
985:
973:
967:
966:
954:
948:
947:
945:
943:
923:
917:
916:
914:
912:
892:
886:
885:
883:
881:
866:
860:
859:
857:
855:
840:
834:
833:
831:
829:
814:
808:
807:
805:
803:
788:
782:
781:
779:
777:
760:
754:
753:
741:
730:
729:
714:
708:
698:
692:
691:
689:
687:
672:
662:
655:
594:cease and desist
129:
4842:
4841:
4837:
4836:
4835:
4833:
4832:
4831:
4807:
4806:
4805:
4792:
4756:
4725:Concealed carry
4720:Assault weapons
4715:Air travel
4697:
4674: and
4658:
4586:
4546:
4538:
4527:Shooting sports
4517:Pistol duelling
4447:
4414:
4378:Rifle cartridge
4344:
4285:Supercavitating
4280:Soft point
4201:
4133:
4107:Ball propellant
4053:
3972:
3951:
3947:Twist rate
3838:Gun chronograph
3828:Effective range
3792:
3722:
3693:Recoil-operated
3596:
3501:
3160:
3142:
3128:Colt Peacemaker
3054:
3028:Dragon's breath
3023:Breaching round
3006:
2987:Double-barreled
2945:
2921:General purpose
2907:
2763:
2657:
2598:Multiple-barrel
2538:
2521:
2472:
2454:
2396:
2391:
2381:
2379:
2370:
2369:
2362:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2341:
2337:
2330:
2321:
2314:
2310:
2300:
2298:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2274:
2272:
2271:. March 9, 2020
2263:
2262:
2258:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2204:
2200:
2193:
2189:
2179:
2177:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2154:
2150:
2140:
2138:
2137:. June 19, 2019
2129:
2128:
2124:
2114:
2112:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2089:
2087:
2079:
2074:
2073:
2069:
2059:
2057:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2012:
2011:
2007:
1997:
1996:
1992:
1983:
1982:
1975:
1965:
1963:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1938:
1934:
1919:
1915:
1904:The Independent
1896:
1895:
1891:
1881:
1879:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1847:
1843:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1778:
1774:
1760:
1759:
1755:
1745:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1733:
1723:
1721:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1645:
1643:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1603:
1601:
1600:on June 7, 2013
1592:
1591:
1587:
1577:
1575:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1514:
1512:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1492:
1490:
1481:
1480:
1476:
1466:
1464:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1444:
1442:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1422:
1420:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1396:
1394:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1374:
1372:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1348:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1322:
1320:
1311:
1310:
1306:
1296:
1294:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1274:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1261:
1251:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1228:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1206:
1204:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1164:
1162:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1145:Washington Post
1138:
1137:
1133:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1108:
1106:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1086:
1084:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1060:
1058:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1031:
1029:
1028:. July 26, 2013
1020:
1019:
1012:
1002:
1000:
994:
993:
989:
975:
974:
970:
956:
955:
951:
941:
939:
925:
924:
920:
910:
908:
894:
893:
889:
879:
877:
876:. April 7, 2017
868:
867:
863:
853:
851:
842:
841:
837:
827:
825:
816:
815:
811:
801:
799:
790:
789:
785:
775:
773:
762:
761:
757:
743:
742:
733:
716:
715:
711:
699:
695:
685:
683:
674:
673:
669:
665:
656:
652:
648:
616:
496:
490:
460:
451:
435:
407:
379:
366:
360:
338:New South Wales
330:
325:
313:
235:
118:
116:
100:assault weapons
17:
12:
11:
5:
4840:
4838:
4830:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4809:
4808:
4802:
4801:
4798:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4791:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4764:
4762:
4758:
4757:
4755:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4733:
4732:
4722:
4717:
4711:
4705:
4699:
4698:
4696:
4695:
4690:
4689:
4688:
4683:
4668:
4666:
4660:
4659:
4657:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4630:
4629:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4608:
4607:
4596:
4594:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4562:Assassinations
4559:
4553:
4551:
4540:
4539:
4537:
4536:
4535:
4534:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4507:
4502:
4501:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4480:
4475:
4474:
4473:
4463:
4457:
4455:
4449:
4448:
4431:
4424:
4423:
4420:
4419:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4396:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4354:
4352:
4346:
4345:
4343:
4342:
4337:
4332:
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4211:
4209:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4157:
4151:
4145:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4109:
4099:
4098:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4085:Percussion cap
4082:
4072:
4067:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4024:
4023:
4022:
4017:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3986:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3964:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3949:
3944:
3943:
3942:
3935:Stopping power
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3896:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3853:Length of pull
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3773:
3768:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3740:
3734:
3728:
3727:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3678:Out-of-battery
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3614:
3608:
3602:
3601:
3598:
3597:
3595:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3558:
3557:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3511:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3302:Forward assist
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3272:Cocking handle
3269:
3264:
3259:
3258:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3174:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3156:Mechanics and
3155:
3148:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3141:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3069:
3067:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3041:
3040:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3007:
3005:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2982:Combat shotgun
2979:
2974:
2968:
2962:
2951:
2950:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2917:
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2747:Submachine gun
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1128:. PopeHat.com.
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387:lower receiver
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4544:Gun violence
4511:Jungle style
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4483:Gun cultures
4388:Intermediate
4065:Fire forming
3915:Rate of fire
3786:Stadiametric
3764:Transitional
3708:Self-loading
3663:Gas-operated
3623:Blow-forward
3555:Red dot
3465:Squeeze bore
3413:Pistol slide
3398:Muzzle brake
3366:Bottom metal
2913:Machine guns
2571:Line thrower
2551:muzzleloader
2547:Breechloader
2419:
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2382:November 22,
2380:. Retrieved
2375:
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2229:(1): 37–51.
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2135:The Guardian
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1194:
1186:The Guardian
1185:
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1165:November 10,
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982:AmmoLand.com
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852:. Retrieved
848:the original
838:
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823:Ars Technica
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696:
684:. Retrieved
680:the original
670:
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580:Maura Healey
569:
546:
531:
510:The company
509:
497:
482:
471:
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436:
421:, the local
408:
380:
369:
367:
343:
331:
323:Legal status
317:Glock switch
314:
289:
282:
263:
259:
247:
236:
224:
212:
208:M1911 pistol
201:
186:
155:
108:pistol brace
89:
70:
49:
47:
41:
18:
4778:Legislation
4730:in the U.S.
4681:Disarmament
4676:Gun control
4373:Handloading
4160:Dummy round
4032:Cooking off
4027:Malfunction
4015:Field strip
4010:Maintenance
3900:Penetration
3863:Match grade
3781:Mathematics
3713:Single-shot
3653:Closed bolt
3567:Scope mount
3530:Holographic
3520:Finderscope
3408:Pistol grip
3386:Speedloader
3240:Telescoping
3220:Breechblock
3093:Gatling gun
2992:Pump action
2633:Single-shot
2556:Combination
2422:, May 2014.
2412:, May 2014.
2402:, July 2024
2376:www.atf.gov
1966:December 1,
1882:October 16,
1872:The Hoplite
1799:Global News
1642:. Wired.com
1203:. Slate.com
1003:November 9,
828:February 5,
797:PC Magazine
625:Gun control
620:3D printing
516:Cody Wilson
478:Home Office
243:gun control
66:gun control
4811:Categories
4582:Gun safety
4577:Gunfighter
4368:Centrefire
4350:Cartridges
4330:Snake shot
4270:Round shot
4260:Projectile
4245:Incendiary
4143:Ammunition
4102:Propellant
4070:Obturation
4042:Squib load
3970:ammunition
3808:Accurizing
3744:Ballistics
3658:Electronic
3577:Telescopic
3428:Recoil pad
3287:Firing pin
3262:Bump stock
3225:Breechface
3166:Components
3158:components
3011:Ammunition
2759:Wallet gun
2703:Pepper-box
2648:Spring-gun
2643:Smoothbore
2638:Sleeve gun
2180:October 2,
1927:Tagesschau
1818:CTVNews.ca
1105:. Guns.com
1081:Reason.com
901:Reason.com
880:October 1,
802:August 27,
776:August 27,
646:References
498:Under the
492:See also:
411:gunsmithed
362:See also:
302:, and the
285:Hod Lipson
166:3D printer
58:3D printer
4622:Gun shops
4572:Forensics
4547:and
4493:Gun shows
4235:Frangible
4225:Expanding
4177:Gas check
4172:Flechette
4155:Cannelure
4080:Gunpowder
4037:Hang fire
4005:Firefight
3858:Lock time
3848:Headspace
3813:Bore axis
3698:Repeating
3648:Open bolt
3562:Magnifier
3448:Auto sear
3354:Wheellock
3349:Flintlock
3327:Half-cock
3282:Extractor
3183:Feed ramp
3113:Tommy Gun
3103:M1 Garand
3038:.410 bore
3002:Sawed-off
2977:Coach gun
2891:Repeating
2884:Polygonal
2808:Automatic
2791:Anti-tank
2676:Derringer
2566:Flare gun
2301:April 28,
2275:April 28,
2251:169354246
2243:1043-9463
1724:March 10,
1560:. London.
1487:Salon.com
1188:. London.
1056:The Verge
932:Wired.com
752:. Medium.
504:Liberator
449:Singapore
395:Bundestag
391:magazines
334:Australia
328:Australia
248:The U.S.
219:Stratasys
197:anonymous
85:parts kit
73:receivers
27:Liberator
4783:Politics
4703:Gun laws
4634:Gunsmith
4522:Politics
4441:industry
4363:Caseless
4165:Snap cap
4058:Ignition
4049:Ricochet
3990:Dry fire
3966:Shooting
3893:Velocity
3759:Terminal
3754:External
3718:Slamfire
3703:Revolver
3618:Blowback
3485:Tapering
3460:Silencer
3423:Receiver
3361:Magazine
3317:Foregrip
3307:Freebore
3277:Cylinder
3235:Rotating
3198:Trunnion
3064:Historic
2955:Shotguns
2874:Marksman
2852:Elephant
2754:Starting
2713:Revolver
2681:Duelling
2671:Cane gun
2663:Handguns
2623:Riot gun
2591:Takedown
2576:Long gun
2561:Elephant
2465:glossary
2457:Firearms
2110:Sky News
1908:Archived
1836:CBC News
1026:NBC News
963:Wired UK
942:July 13,
936:Archived
911:July 13,
905:Archived
614:See also
473:de facto
419:Campania
352:Facebook
252:and the
4770: (
4737:License
4505:Hunting
4453:Society
4433:Society
4410:Wildcat
4405:Pinfire
4335:Spitzer
4265:Raufoss
4207:Bullets
4197:Wadding
4112:Cordite
4090:Rimfire
4020:Fouling
4000:Gunshot
3978:Gunshot
3818:Caliber
3801:Metrics
3732:Physics
3633:Boxlock
3606:Actions
3592:Zeroing
3587:Thermal
3545:Reticle
3515:Diopter
3490:Trigger
3337:Striker
3312:Forearm
3297:Fluting
3267:Chamber
3255:Tilting
3245:Flapper
3205:Bayonet
3193:Threads
2957: (
2879:Rifling
2867:Varmint
2857:Express
2847:Buffalo
2842:Hunting
2825:Carbine
2796:Assault
2771: (
2698:Machine
2618:Pen gun
2613:Net gun
2608:Needler
2600: (
2581:Carbine
2502:History
2485:Firearm
2459: (
2175:YouTube
2141:May 28,
2115:May 28,
1369:El País
1087:May 24,
1061:May 24,
1032:May 24,
705:archive
657:In the
592:sent a
462:In the
423:Camorra
377:Germany
273:ripping
215:Grizzly
162:firearm
150:carbine
114:History
54:firearm
4567:Deaths
4549:safety
4437:safety
4315:Meplat
4295:Tracer
4122:Ramrod
4075:Primer
3920:Recoil
3883:Energy
3878:Muzzle
3550:Reflex
3507:Sights
3455:Shroud
3438:Safety
3332:Linear
3322:Hammer
3250:Roller
3178:Barrel
2931:Medium
2896:Sniper
2837:Double
2813:Battle
2769:Rifles
2708:Pocket
2686:Pistol
2628:Rotary
2586:Musket
2517:Weapon
2507:Safety
2469:topics
2467:, and
2249:
2241:
1878:(ARES)
770:Forbes
575:apply.
466:, the
427:iPhone
415:Naples
358:Canada
245:laws.
178:DEFCAD
144:9×19mm
110:rule.
81:barrel
77:action
4400:Paper
4358:Blank
4325:ABCBC
4310:Minié
4255:HEIAP
4240:Green
4192:Sabot
3925:Group
3833:Gauge
3668:Lever
3643:Break
3540:Laser
3525:Globe
3495:guard
3475:Stock
3470:Choke
3138:Glock
3133:M1911
3118:MP 40
3078:AR-15
3073:AK-47
2936:Heavy
2926:Light
2490:lists
2410:Wired
2247:S2CID
2080:(PDF)
1682:WIRED
999:. CNN
538:First
439:Japan
433:Japan
405:Italy
266:DeCSS
227:FGC-9
170:AR-15
142:is a
140:FGC-9
52:is a
4768:Laws
4672:Arms
4627:list
4605:list
4445:laws
4393:list
4275:SLAP
4220:Cast
3968:and
3888:Rise
3683:Pump
3628:Bolt
3572:Tang
3535:Iron
3443:Sear
3376:Drum
3371:Clip
3344:Lock
3230:Bolt
3210:Belt
3188:Slug
3050:Slug
3045:Shot
2997:Riot
2959:list
2901:list
2862:Punt
2830:list
2818:list
2801:list
2773:list
2730:list
2718:list
2691:list
2602:list
2461:list
2384:2019
2303:2021
2277:2021
2239:ISSN
2182:2019
2143:2021
2117:2021
2092:2016
2062:2016
1968:2021
1939:See
1884:2020
1748:2016
1726:2017
1648:2013
1606:2013
1580:2013
1539:2013
1517:2013
1495:2013
1469:2013
1447:2013
1425:2013
1399:2013
1377:2013
1351:2013
1325:2013
1299:2013
1277:2013
1254:2013
1231:2013
1209:2013
1167:2013
1111:2013
1089:2021
1063:2021
1034:2021
1005:2013
944:2018
913:2018
882:2017
856:2013
830:2015
804:2012
778:2012
688:2018
540:and
381:The
347:Halo
213:The
138:The
98:and
79:and
37:The
25:The
4340:VLD
4187:PCA
3433:Rim
3123:Uzi
3083:M16
2941:SAW
2512:War
2497:Gun
2231:doi
2018:CNA
750:GEN
437:In
332:In
270:DVD
239:CNC
106:'s
104:ATF
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