2711:
942:
2746:
2209:
921:
1799:
1242:
1719:
1609:
1458:
1386:
1316:
1517:
277:
3122:. Such compound time signatures fall under the "aksak rhythm" category that he introduced along with a couple more that should describe the rhythm figures in traditional music. The term Brăiloiu revived had moderate success worldwide, but in Eastern Europe it is still frequently used. However, aksak rhythm figures occur not only in a few European countries, but on all continents, featuring various combinations of the two and three sequences. The longest are in Bulgaria. The shortest aksak rhythm figures follow the five-beat timing, comprising a two and a three (or three and two).
4260:
4237:
4214:
4191:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
2043:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4367:
4353:
4348:
4140:
3417:
signatures by specifying a relationship between some note length in the previous bar and some other in the succeeding one. Sometimes, successive metric relationships between bars are so convoluted that the pure use of irrational signatures would quickly render the notation extremely hard to penetrate. Good examples, written entirely in conventional signatures with the aid of between-bar specified metric relationships, occur a number of times in
4458:
4360:
4326:
4491:
4513:
4436:
4387:
4556:
4691:
4685:
4674:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4473:
4468:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4396:
4342:
4129:
4378:
4373:
4167:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4484:
4479:
4443:
6656:
4498:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4579:
6646:
4504:
4449:
1198:
582:
305:
130:
1290:
616:
344:
4704:
4663:
4335:
744:, usually in the range of 60–100 beats per minute. Depending on the tempo of the music, this beat may correspond to the note value specified by the time signature, or to a grouping of such note values. Most commonly, in simple time signatures, the beat is the same as the note value of the signature, but in compound signatures, the beat is usually a
2987:, beat lengths of 1, 2, 3, 4 are used in the metric description. In addition, when focused only on stressed beats, simple time signatures can count as beats in a slower, compound time. However, there are two different-length beats in this resulting compound time, a one half-again longer than the short beat (or conversely, the short beat is
3386:
3107:. Most Western music uses metric ratios of 2:1, 3:1, or 4:1 (two-, three- or four-beat time signatures)—in other words, integer ratios that make all beats equal in time length. So, relative to that, 3:2 and 4:3 ratios correspond to very distinctive metric rhythm profiles. Complex accentuation occurs in Western music, but as
3135:
1898:
are all three beats to a meter, just noted with eighth notes, quarter notes, half notes, or whole notes – these conventionally imply different performance and different tempi. Conventionally, larger numbers in the bottom correspond to faster tempi and smaller numbers correspond to slower tempi. This
3224:
3059:
Folk music may make use of metric time bends, so that the proportions of the performed metric beat time lengths differ from the exact proportions indicated by the metric. Depending on playing style of the same meter, the time bend can vary from non-existent to considerable; in the latter case, some
4615:
it was a world to hear them wrangle, every one defending his own for the best. "What? You keep not time in your proportions." "You sing them false. What proportion is this?" "Sesquipaltry." "Nay, you sing you know not what; it would seem you came lately from a barber's shop where you had 'Gregory
2691:
While time signatures usually express a regular pattern of beat stresses continuing through a piece (or at least a section), sometimes composers change time signatures often enough to result in music with an extremely irregular rhythm. The time signature may switch so much that a piece may not be
3416:
is "a somewhat distant analogy" to his own use of "irrational time signatures" as a sort of rhythmic dissonance. It is disputed whether the use of these signatures makes metric relationships clearer or more obscure to the musician; it is always possible to write a passage using non-irrational
3168:
1905:, and means that the tempo of each note remains in a narrower, "normal" range. For illustration, a quarter note might correspond to 60–120 bpm, a half note to 30–60 bpm, a whole note to 15–30 bpm, and an eighth note to 120–240 bpm; these are not strict, but show an example of "normal" ranges.
4032:
proposed replacing the lower number of the time signature with an actual note image, as shown at right. This system eliminates the need for compound time signatures, which are confusing to beginners. While this notation has not been adopted by music publishers generally (except in Orff's own
3399:
4061:
is an example of this. Alternatively, music in a large score sometimes has time signatures written as very long, thin numbers covering the whole height of the score rather than replicating it on each staff; this is an aid to the conductor, who can see signature changes more easily.
4052:
Another possibility is to extend the barline where a time change is to take place above the top instrument's line in a score and to write the time signature there, and there only, saving the ink and effort that would have been spent writing it in each instrument's staff.
3844:
3768:
3692:
2656:
2595:
2627:
2885:
means that there are 8 quaver beats in the bar, divided as the first of a group of three eighth notes (quavers) that are stressed, then the first of a group of two, then first of a group of three again. The stress pattern is usually counted as
1262:
2819:
wrote many compositions that are ostensibly in free time but actually follow an unstated and unchanging simple time signature. Later composers used this device more effectively, writing music almost devoid of a discernibly regular pulse.
3140:
3136:
3137:
3390:
The same example written using metric modulation instead of irrational time signatures. Three half notes in the first measure (making up a dotted whole note) are equal in duration to two half notes in the second (making up a whole
2122:
to Apollo, but the corresponding time signatures rarely appeared in formal written
Western music until the 19th century. Early anomalous examples appeared in Spain between 1516 and 1520, plus a small section in Handel's opera
1814:
418:), usually 2, 4 or 8, but less often 16 is also used, usually in Baroque music. 2 corresponds to the half note (minim), 4 to the quarter note (crotchet), 8 to the eighth note (quaver), 16 to the sixteenth note (semiquaver).
1734:
1473:
1401:
1257:
1624:
3173:
3169:
3170:
3139:
4638:
In general though, a slash or the numeral 2 shows a doubling of tempo, and paired numbers (either side by side or one atop another) show ratios instead of beats per measure over note value: in early music contexts
958:
The choice of time signature in these cases is largely a matter of tradition. Particular time signatures are traditionally associated with different music styles—it would seem strange to notate a conventional
689:, the note values specified by the bottom number are grouped into threes, and the upper number is a multiple of 3, such as 6, 9, or 12. The lower number is most commonly an 8 (an eighth-note or quaver): as in
1248:
3849:
3848:
3845:
3773:
3772:
3769:
3697:
3696:
3693:
1818:
1805:
40:
2979:
of certain regions in his country. While investigating the origins of such unusual meters, he learned that they were even more characteristic of the traditional music of neighboring peoples (e.g., the
3850:
3774:
3698:
2660:
1815:
1738:
1477:
1405:
1261:
3172:
2658:
2599:
1735:
1628:
1475:
1403:
1259:
5461:, vocal score with guitar accompaniment and tablature (Essex, England: IMP International Music Publications; Miami, Florida: Warner Bros. Publications; Van Nuys, California: Alfred Music, 1997): .
2597:
1725:
1625:
951:
2631:
1615:
930:
2628:
1464:
3197:
and the cycle then repeats. Taking the smallest time unit as eighth notes, the arrows on the tempo dial show the tempi for ♪, ♩, ♩. and the measure beat. Starts slow, speeds up to usual tempo
1392:
3096:
meter is even more complicated, with heavier time bends, and use of quadruples on the threes. The metric beat time proportions may vary with the speed that the tune is played. The
Swedish
5402:. "What is an 'odd meter'?...A complete definition would begin with the idea of music organized in repeating rhythmic groups of three, five, seven, nine, eleven, thirteen, fifteen, etc."
3350:
implies a bar construction of four third-parts of it. These signatures are of utility only when juxtaposed with other signatures with varying denominators; a piece written entirely in
1322:
3847:
3771:
3695:
1817:
2659:
1737:
1476:
1404:
1260:
2598:
1627:
1249:
4591:, the mensuration signs discussed above have a second function, which is showing tempo relationships between one section to another, which modern notation can only specify with
3593:
Notationally, rather than using Cowell's elaborate series of notehead shapes, the same convention has been invoked as when normal tuplets are written; for example, one beat in
2983:). He suggested that such timings can be regarded as compounds of simple two-beat and three-beat meters, where an accent falls on every first beat, even though, for example in
1912:
era, when tempo changes were indicated by changing time signature during the piece, rather than by using a single time signature and changing tempo marking. For example, while
1806:
1049:
time signature that represents three quarter notes (crotchets), usually perceived as three beats. In this case the subdivision would be the eighth note (quaver). It is felt as
3243:
time signature: here there are four (4) third notes (3) per measure. A "third note" would be one third of a whole note, and thus is a half-note triplet. The second measure of
3205:
A method to create meters of lengths of any length has been published in the
Journal of Anaphoria Music Theory and Xenharmonikon 16 using both those based on the Horograms of
2630:
2541:. "Blue Rondo à la Turk" is an example of a signature that, despite appearing merely compound triple, is actually more complex. Brubeck's title refers to the characteristic
3642:
of a normal quarter note). This is notated in exactly the same way that one would write if one were writing the first four quarter notes of five quintuplet quarter notes.
3557:
1726:
950:
3138:
5164:
Tonal and Rhythm
Patterns: An Objective Analysis: A Taxonomy of Tonal Patterns and Rhythm Patterns and Seminal Experimental Evidence of Their Difficulty and Growth Rate
1616:
929:
2019:
1465:
1694:
1393:
3171:
2829:
1323:
2692:
best described as being in one meter, but rather as having a switching mixed meter. In this case, the time signatures are an aid to the performers and not
2075:
6089:
5851:
3846:
3770:
3694:
2823:
If two time signatures alternate repeatedly, sometimes the two signatures are placed together at the beginning of the piece or section, as shown below:
1816:
2657:
1736:
1474:
1402:
1258:
2596:
1626:
3486:, who says that he finds that "such 'irrational' measures serve as a useful buffer between local changes of event density and actual changes of base
2629:
1109:
is felt as two beats, each being a dotted quarter note (crotchet), and each containing subdivisions of three eighth notes (quavers). It is felt as
5342:
5445:
5399:
2074:
5300:
3991:
2345:
5624:
5875:
3290:(1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, etc.). These are based on beats expressed in terms of fractions of full beats in the prevailing tempo—for example
748:
value corresponding to three of the signature's note values. Either way, the next lower note value shorter than the beat is called the
2833:
5820:
5578:
5496:
5466:
5326:
5285:
1681:
937:
Other time signature rewritings are possible: most commonly a simple time-signature with triplets translates into a compound meter.
2564:, for example, include forms with 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 22, 25 and other numbers of beats per measure. These rhythms are notated as
2115:—though these are broad terms, and usually a more specific description is any meter which combines both simple and compound beats.
6555:
5811:. The Medieval Academy of America Publication No. 38 (fifth, revised and with commentary ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts:
2811:) so that the performer finds the piece easier to read, and simply has "free time" written as a direction. Sometimes the word
1247:
6082:
6026:
5844:
5521:
5264:
5243:
5219:
5211:
5183:
5171:
5159:
5143:
5123:
1838:
While changing the bottom number and keeping the top number fixed only formally changes notation, without changing meaning –
1804:
4603:
was even able to establish a rough chronology of works based on three distinct usages of mensural signs over the career of
2052:
1724:
952:
774:. Conversely, at slow tempos, the beat might even be a smaller note value than the one enumerated by the time signature.
2749:
2714:
2212:
1614:
931:
5147:
2976:
2775:
2227:
2183:
1673:
1463:
1391:
6590:
6454:
5812:
5231:
5115:
2135:
1972:
have the same beat pattern, they would conventionally be used for increasingly slow music. A 20th century example is "
1321:
5203:
4971:
4457:
4359:
4325:
2769:
1791:
6680:
6659:
6550:
6525:
6316:
6075:
5837:
3019:. A certain amount of confusion for Western musicians is inevitable, since a measure they would likely regard as
2702:
2406:
1665:
4490:
2924:
This kind of time signature is commonly used to notate folk and non-Western types of music. In classical music,
6685:
6560:
6510:
6399:
6306:
5047:
4512:
4435:
4386:
4286:, with ambiguous cases using a dot of separation, similar in appearance but not always in effect to the modern
3427:(1987), where the sole use of irrational signatures would quickly produce massive numerators and denominators.
2470:
1669:
5649:
4282:
N.B.: In mensural notation actual note values depend not only on the prevailing mensuration, but on rules for
4259:
4236:
4213:
4190:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4042:
2828:
4711:(beat) changed from the usual whole note (semibreve) to the double whole note (breve), a circumstance called
6649:
6520:
5135:
3549:
3182:
2523:
2414:
1689:
4740:
Irregular bars are a change in time signature normally for only one bar. Such a bar is most often a bar of
6199:
5966:
3500:(1996), the second movement of which contains, among more conventional meters, bars in such signatures as
2972:
2575:
686:
4620:
played in the new
Proportions by them lately found out, called 'Sesquiblinda' and 'Sesquihearkenafter'."
6690:
6631:
6495:
6194:
4975:
3418:
2321:
1782:
1677:
5659:
3608:
is written as a normal quarter note, four quarter notes complete the bar, but the whole bar lasts only
3273:
time signature serves to indicate the precise speed relationship between the notes in the two measures.
2131:
1024:
denote a secondary stress. Syllables such as "and" are frequently used for pulsing in between numbers.
6326:
6124:
2980:
2557:
1786:
1602:
5656:. Translated by Harold F. Rubenstein. London: Dalcroze Society. p. 84, and Appendix, example 2.
6565:
6545:
5553:
2741:(1913) is famous for its "savage" rhythms. Five measures from "Sacrificial Dance" are shown below:
4033:
compositions), it is used extensively in music education textbooks. Similarly, American composers
6217:
5981:
4121:. Unlike modern notation, the subdivisions could be either 2:1 or 3:1. The relation between the
2937:
2792:
Some pieces have no time signature, as there is no discernible meter. This is sometimes known as
2752:
2737:
2717:
2316:
2215:
2159:
531:
5488:
5746:, translated from third German edition by Arthur W. Foote (Boston: Oliver Ditson, 1888): 38. .
3548:
A gradual process of diffusion into less rarefied musical circles seems underway. For example,
6611:
6359:
5986:
5976:
5946:
5816:
5574:
5517:
5492:
5462:
5441:
5395:
5322:
5318:
5281:
5260:
5239:
5215:
5207:
5179:
5167:
5155:
5139:
5119:
4596:
4299:
4283:
4082:
4076:
4054:
4038:
3984:
3483:
3482:
to visually clarify the differences, but the pioneering of these signatures is largely due to
3413:
3409:
2925:
2793:
2697:
2118:
Irregular meters are common in some non-Western music, and in ancient Greek music such as the
1447:
31:
3335:
implies a bar construction of four quarter-parts of a whole note (i.e., four quarter notes),
6570:
6374:
6349:
6301:
6174:
6098:
5922:
5905:
4721:(minim), in contradiction to the literal meaning of the phrase, it still indicates that the
4114:
3947:
3061:
2984:
2929:
2764:
2561:
2422:
2398:
1973:
89:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4366:
4352:
4347:
4139:
2570:
based on simple units, usually 2, 3 and 4 beats, though the notation fails to describe the
1197:
581:
304:
129:
6464:
6459:
6344:
6311:
6227:
6006:
5951:
5366:
4758:
4604:
3496:
3470:
3115:
2848:
2732:
2566:
2410:
2375:
2289:
2124:
2023:
1211:
410:
numeral indicates the note value that the signature is counting. This number is always a
64:
5412:
4717:. This term has been sustained to the present day, and though now it means the beat is a
3278:
Irrational time signatures (rarely, "non-dyadic time signatures") are used for so-called
2549:
755:
On occasion a bar may seem like one singular beat. For example, a fast waltz, notated in
6621:
6595:
6334:
5941:
5481:
4937:
3981:
3491:
3423:
3104:
3097:
2785:
2504:
2261:
2027:
1685:
1379:
1289:
1153:
The table below shows the characteristics of the most frequently used time signatures.
615:
343:
4690:
4684:
4673:
4532:
4527:
4522:
4472:
4467:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4395:
4341:
4128:
6674:
6626:
6485:
6404:
6276:
6232:
6169:
6149:
6106:
6016:
6011:
5935:
5895:
5864:
5696:
5227:
4718:
4708:
4608:
4588:
4179:
4175:
4161:
4152:
4148:
4123:
3060:
musicologists may want to assign a different meter. For example, the
Bulgarian tune "
2933:
2571:
2350:
2266:
2119:
1909:
1590:
1507:
1435:
1363:
1309:
1227:
1215:
151:
139:
101:
4599:. This is a fraught subject, because the usage has varied with both time and place:
4555:
4377:
4372:
4166:
3990:
2397:
In the
Western popular music tradition, unusual time signatures occur as well, with
6540:
6530:
6505:
6416:
6379:
6281:
6269:
6259:
6222:
6209:
6159:
6036:
5890:
5195:
5084:
4933:
4741:
4729:
4600:
4034:
3475:
3465:
3287:
3178:
2969:
2962:
2852:
2780:
2443:
2293:
2234:
2154:
1901:
1833:
1773:
1570:
1046:
735:
449:
411:
60:
5685:
A Chronology of the Works of
Guillaume Dufay based on a Study of Mensural Practice
2556:
However, such time signatures are only unusual in most
Western music. Traditional
5742:
2975:
had a special interest in compound time signatures, developed while studying the
2073:
1803:
1723:
1613:
1462:
1390:
1320:
1246:
949:
928:
670:
Simple meters are those whose upper number is 2, 3, or 4, sometimes described as
6616:
6490:
6469:
6446:
6431:
6244:
6179:
6154:
6129:
6031:
5885:
5604:
4775:
4287:
4086:
3283:
3210:
3159:
3108:
2864:
2855:
that subdivide into smaller, irregular groups. Such meters are sometimes called
2789:
has measure bars for select passages, but the majority of the work is unbarred.
2618:
2402:
2239:
1367:
745:
527:
468:
426:
97:
5154:, eleventh edition (Boston, MA: Schirmer Cengage Learning, 2013): 54, 59, 379.
4548:
4543:
4538:
4483:
4478:
4442:
3103:
In
Western classical music, metric time bend is used in the performance of the
6515:
6389:
6254:
6249:
6046:
5996:
5991:
5961:
5927:
5917:
5804:
5778:
5756:
5558:
The Dances of the World's Peoples, Vol. 1: Dances of the Balkans and Near East
4713:
4118:
3915:
3619:
3206:
3091:
2851:, more complex time signatures can be used. Additive meters have a pattern of
2816:
2095:
Signatures that do not fit the usual simple or compound categories are called
2087:
1781:; also used more recently in rock music. Can also be heard in some jigs like "
1594:
1586:
1578:
1300:
1219:
960:
637:
538:
328:
93:
4899:
will make the song feel like it has skipped a beat, the opposite is true for
2189:(shown below), often described as a "limping waltz", is a notable example of
107:
In a music score the time signature appears as two stacked numerals, such as
6585:
6575:
6535:
6500:
6384:
6144:
6021:
6001:
5971:
5910:
5880:
5704:
5051:
4497:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4134:
4029:
3651:
2451:
2418:
2033:
1977:
1235:
5093:, a coinage by Jap Kunst to describe the metric structure of gamelan music.
3931:
Some composers have used fractional beats: for example, the time signature
402:
Most time signatures consist of two numerals, one stacked above the other:
5132:
Building Choral Excellence: Teaching Sight-Singing in the Choral Rehearsal
6436:
6421:
6264:
6239:
5900:
5090:
5078:
4617:
3994:
Example of Orff's time signatures (traditionally, these would be notated
3479:
2815:
is written downwards on the staff to indicate the piece is in free time.
2401:
in particular making frequent use of them. The use of shifting meters in
2370:
1661:
1574:
1511:
17:
6411:
6394:
6369:
6354:
6339:
6296:
6139:
5956:
5013:
5009:
4578:
4503:
4448:
3430:
Historically, this device has been prefigured wherever composers wrote
1778:
1451:
1443:
147:
4703:
4662:
4334:
6426:
6364:
6291:
6119:
6114:
6056:
5860:
5438:
Rocking the Classics: English Progressive Rock and the Counterculture
4929:
is will make it feel like that bar is half as long as all the others
4592:
3431:
2932:
have used such time signatures in their works. The first movement of
1582:
1506:
Also used for the above but usually suggests higher tempo or shorter
1439:
1375:
1371:
146:
symbol). A mid-score time signature, usually immediately following a
5590:
3474:(1920) employs separate divisions of the bar (1 to 9) for the three
6067:
5829:
5544:
33, nos. 99 and 100 (December 1951): 71–108. Citation on pp. 75–76.
3100:(Polska from the parish Boda) has a typical elongated second beat.
6580:
6286:
6184:
6164:
6041:
5238:(Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2005): 82–83, 107.
5178:, third edition (Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press, 1999): 209–210.
3989:
3842:
3766:
3690:
3487:
3166:
3133:
3082:, but an actual performance (e.g., "Eleno Mome") may be closer to
2999:
2827:
2654:
2625:
2593:
2543:
2179:
1768:
1598:
1359:
1355:
1223:
59:
time signature. The time signature indicates that there are three
6134:
3650:
These video samples show two time signatures combined to make a
2706:(1874) is a good example. The opening measures are shown below:
2447:
1231:
143:
6071:
5833:
5743:
A Treatise on Canon and Fugue: Including the Study of Imitation
5483:
Popular Musics of the Non-Western World: An Introductory Survey
4914:
where it feels like the song adds a beat. If a song changes to
2469:
time, was one of a number of irregular-meter compositions that
5257:
Rhythm: Contrasting the Implications of Audiation and Notation
4732:" compositions that were intentionally difficult to decipher.
4185:
Modern transcriptions often reduce note values 4:1, such that
4041:, among others, have used this system in many of their works.
2763:
In such cases, a convention that some composers follow (e.g.,
1566:
4728:
Certain composers delighted in creating mensuration canons, "
2237:'s "Mars, the Bringer of War" and "Neptune, the Mystic" from
2138:(1828) is an early, but by no means the earliest, example of
1785:". This is also the time signature of the second movement of
5367:"Odd Time Signatures: A Complete Guide | Hello Music Theory"
5278:
Play Drums Today! A Complete Guide to the Basics: Level One
4697:, 1:3 proportion (three times as fast, similar to triplets).
4611:
was able to satirize the confusion in an imagined dialogue:
3449:
bar of 3 triplet quarter notes could be written as a bar of
2041:
5303:
for an excerpt from the violin part of the final movement.
5234:(London: Macmillan Publishers, 2001); James L. Zychowicz,
3403:
The same example written using a change in time signature.
3038:, with one long and two short beats (with subdivisions of
544:
By convention, two special symbols are sometimes used for
4155:
2:1, with broken circle), while the relation between the
2751:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
2716:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
2214:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
425:
numeral indicates how many such note values constitute a
740:
Musical passages commonly feature a recurring pulse, or
2847:
To indicate more complex patterns of stresses, such as
1454:, country & western ballads, R&B, and some pop
526:"Common time" redirects here. For the short story, see
471:(quavers) per bar. The most common time signatures are
4607:(1397(?) – 1474). By the end of the sixteenth century
1510:. Sometimes preferred for certain folk dances such as
5639:
John Pickard: Eden, full score, Kirklees Music, 2005.
5392:
Odd Meter Bass: Playing Odd Time Signatures Made Easy
5130:(Miami: Belwin Mills, 1967): 12; Steven M. Demorest,
2997:
the value of the long). This type of meter is called
4300:
Mensural notation § Proportions and colorations
1139:
five six ... (or, if counting dotted-quarter beats,
96:
of a particular type are contained in each measure (
6604:
6478:
6445:
6325:
6208:
6105:
5701:
Plaine and Easie Introduction to Practicall Musicke
5280:(Milwaukee: Hal Leonard Corporation, 2001), p. 42.
5174:; Demar Irvine, Reinhard G. Pauly, Mark A. Radice,
4628:
Plaine and Easie Introduction to Practicall Musicke
30:"Time (music)" redirects here. For other uses, see
5487:(rev. ed.). Oxford University Press. p.
5480:
4085:of the 14th, 15th and 16th centuries there are no
3558:National Brass Band Championships of Great Britain
2955:, in which the beats are likewise subdivided into
2163:, published in 1803, is also for piano and is in
5703:(1597), quoted in the unsigned "Proportions" in
5222:(pbk); Cynthia M. Gessele, "Thiéme, Frédéric ",
3111:rather than as part of the metric accentuation.
2020:List of musical works in unusual time signatures
1605:poetry also fits into 6/8 time when said aloud.
5440:(New York: Oxford University Press, 1997): 48.
5224:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
4587:Besides showing the organization of beats with
1020:denotes the primary stress of the measure, and
27:Specification of beats in a musical bar/measure
5166:(Albany: SUNY Press, 1976): 36–37, 54–55, 57.
5126:; Mary Elizabeth Clark and David Carr Glover,
3494:has also used them extensively—for example in
6083:
5845:
4725:has changed from a short to a doubled value.
3914:. The displayed numbers count the underlying
916:, simply by halving the length of the notes.
856:, etc.—and all compound duple times, such as
777:Mathematically the time signatures of, e.g.,
654:
8:
3950:'s Piano Sonata No. 3 (1928) IV, m. 1. Both
3365:, say, could be more legibly written out in
256:
161:(the note values are grouped in pairs, like
5514:Music Notation: A Manual of Modern Practice
4654:for example is unrelated to 'third-notes'.
2696:an indication of meter. The Promenade from
6645:
6090:
6076:
6068:
5852:
5838:
5830:
5620:
5618:
5616:
5614:
5081:, a kind of swing in rock and techno music
3556:, commissioned for the 2005 finals of the
3034:, for example, is a three-beat measure in
2473:played. They played other compositions in
1812:
1732:
1622:
1471:
1399:
1255:
5809:The Notation of Polyphonic Music 900–1600
5317:. University of Rochester Press. p.
5202:, third edition (Cambridge and New York:
5152:A Creative Approach to Music Fundamentals
2032:"13/8" redirects here. For the date, see
5591:"The Journal of Anaphorian Music Theory"
5394:(Van Nuys: Alfred Publishing, 2008): 4.
5259:(Chicago: GIA Publications, 2000): 111.
5054:(different kinds of irregular bars in a
4303:
3686:
3129:
3064:" is written in one of three forms: (1)
2779:) is to simply omit the time signature.
2589:
1155:
104:of a musical movement at the bar level.
5103:
4151:3:1 indicated by circle) or imperfect (
3209:and Viggo Brun's algorithm written by
2182:-like second movement of Tchaikovsky's
811:simple triple time signatures, such as
5315:Tempo and Tactus in the German Baroque
4045:proposed this in his 1920 collection,
2085:
886:and so on, are equivalent. A piece in
415:
268:
142:(or if there is no key signature, the
5417:), Classical Classics, Peter Gutmann"
5118:, 1990): 443, 450–63, 757, 759, 767.
5112:Pascal Programming for Music Research
4178:, indicated by dot) or minor (2:1 or
4077:Mensural notation § Mensurations
3669:, say, in isolation, is identical to
2796:. Sometimes one is provided (usually
1682:Violin Concerto in A minor (BWV 1041)
7:
5728:
5716:
5671:
5301:File:Bach BVW 1041 Allegro Assai.png
4047:Le Rythme, la musique et l'éducation
3185:": It consists of three measures of
2834:String Quartet No. 2 in F major
2579:
1995:, and then speeds up and changes to
264:
100:). The time signature indicates the
3732:played together has three beats of
3646:Some video samples are shown below.
3126:Some video samples are shown below.
2867:is first divided into equal units.
2836:, showing a multiple time signature
2832:Detail of a score of Tchaikovsky's
2586:Some video samples are shown below.
255:). Less common signatures indicate
5573:(Bucharest: Ed. Muzicala, 2002),
3884:played together has five beats of
3003:(the Turkish word for "limping"),
722:Other upper numbers correspond to
25:
5605:"Frog Peak Artist: John Chalmers"
4680:, 1:2 proportion (twice as fast);
4669:, 1:2 proportion (twice as fast);
3808:played together has six beats of
2417:" are well-known examples, as is
1695:Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune
530:. For the Field Music album, see
260:
6655:
6654:
6644:
5516:. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc.
4702:
4689:
4683:
4672:
4661:
4577:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4554:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4511:
4502:
4496:
4489:
4482:
4477:
4471:
4466:
4456:
4447:
4441:
4434:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4394:
4385:
4376:
4371:
4365:
4358:
4351:
4346:
4340:
4333:
4324:
4258:
4235:
4212:
4189:
4165:
4138:
4127:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
3980:appear in the fifth movement of
3478:parts, using a scheme of shaped
3258:presents the same notes, so the
2870:For example, the time signature
2574:"time bending" taking place, or
2086:Problems playing this file? See
2071:
1801:
1721:
1611:
1460:
1388:
1318:
1288:
1244:
1218:. Most common time signature in
1196:
947:
926:
807:are interchangeable. In a sense
770:time, may be described as being
614:
580:
342:
303:
157:Most time signatures are either
128:
4932:Some popular examples include "
1664:; otherwise occurring rarely ("
661:Frequently used time signatures
4657:A few common signs are shown:
3114:Brăiloiu borrowed a term from
2560:uses such meters extensively.
620:is sometimes used in place of
414:(unless the time signature is
138:). It immediately follows the
1:
5687:(Princeton, New Jersey, 1964)
5413:"Tchaikovsky's Symphony # 6 (
4701:In particular, when the sign
4113:indicate the normal ratio of
1908:This convention dates to the
126:), or a time symbol, such as
5226:, second edition, edited by
5176:Irvine’s Writing about Music
4667:tempus imperfectum diminutum
4318:
4315:
4312:
4309:
2776:Quatuor pour la fin du temps
2748:
2713:
2264:'s "Fuga secunda" in G from
2228:20th-century classical music
2211:
1745:
1676:, and the final movement of
1635:
1543:
1484:
1412:
1332:
1269:
1177:
6455:History of music publishing
5813:Medieval Academy of America
5654:Rhythm, Music and Education
5457:Radiohead (musical group).
5116:University of Chicago Press
4284:imperfection and alteration
4174:and could be major (3:1 or
3191:followed by one measure of
2322:Bachianas Brasileiras No. 9
1312:and fast orchestral music.
901:can be easily rewritten in
537:. For the time period, see
452:(crotchets) per bar, while
6707:
5571:Folclorul muzical românesc
5204:Cambridge University Press
5128:Piano Theory: Primer Level
4678:tempus perfectum diminutum
4297:
4089:lines, and the four basic
4074:
3688:
3017:irregular bichronic rhythm
2204:time in orchestral music.
2153:time in solo piano music.
2031:
2017:
1831:
1692:" and the opening bars of
733:
653:These symbols derive from
525:
29:
6660:Category:Musical notation
6640:
6526:Numbered musical notation
6317:Scientific pitch notation
5871:
5740:Ernst Friedrich Richter,
4869:If a song is entirely in
4836:composition, or a bar of
4806:composition, or a bar of
3228:Example of an irrational
3015:, and is described as an
2703:Pictures at an Exhibition
2407:Strawberry Fields Forever
2157:'s Fugue No. 20 from his
1980:, which begins slowly in
1666:The Ride of the Valkyries
1525:Compound time signatures
1524:
1158:
210:(grouped in threes, like
6307:Helmholtz pitch notation
5982:Non-retrogradable rhythm
5236:Mahler's Fourth Symphony
4147:, and could be perfect (
4071:Mensural time signatures
2471:The Dave Brubeck Quartet
655:mensural time signatures
150:, indicates a change of
92:that specifies how many
6650:List of musical symbols
6521:Nashville Number System
5560:, Smithsonian Folk Ways
5136:Oxford University Press
5110:Alexander R. Brinkman,
5087:, meter in Indian music
3118:medieval music theory:
2770:La Nativité du Seigneur
2753:download the audio file
2718:download the audio file
2415:Within You, Without You
2216:download the audio file
2014:Complex time signatures
1899:convention is known as
1684:are familiar examples.
1601:, and some rock music.
1159:Simple time signatures
1016:In the examples below,
398:Time signature notation
281:Basic time signatures:
6200:Transposing instrument
5758:Songs That Skip a Beat
5662:in the French original
5650:Jaques-Dalcroze, Émile
5512:Read, Gardner (1969).
5479:Manuel, Peter (1988).
5313:Dokter, Julia (2021).
5134:(Oxford and New York:
4636:
4025:
3919:
3838:
3762:
3280:irrational bar lengths
3198:
3162:
2837:
2679:
2650:
2621:
2130:The third movement of
2046:
1771:(where it is called a
1767:Also common in slower
666:Simple versus compound
586:is sometimes used for
88:) is an indication in
5876:Additive and divisive
5780:Songs That Add a Beat
5536:Constantin Brăiloiu,
5371:hellomusictheory.com/
5200:New Musical Resources
4707:was encountered, the
4613:
4043:Émile Jaques-Dalcroze
3993:
3853:
3777:
3701:
3320:. For example, where
3176:
3143:
2938:Piano Trio in A Minor
2831:
2663:
2634:
2602:
2547:meter of the Turkish
2349:television series by
2045:
1783:The Irish Washerwoman
1539:Video representation
1366:, and many styles of
1173:Video representation
6002:Prolation and tempus
5629:The Ensemble Sospeso
5542:Revue de Musicologie
5198:and David Nicholls,
4972:I Love Rock 'n' Roll
3183:Blue Rondo à la Turk
2558:music of the Balkans
2524:Blue Rondo à la Turk
1658:Compound triple time
1603:Anapestic tetrameter
1536:Simple drum pattern
1170:Simple drum pattern
730:Beat and subdivision
6546:Percussion notation
5625:"Brian Ferneyhough"
5554:Audio: "Eleno Mome"
5347:www.musictheory.net
5046:composition), and "
4306:
4288:dot of augmentation
3560:, contains bars of
2973:Constantin Brăiloiu
2346:Mission: Impossible
2343:the themes for the
657:, described below.
520:Symbolic signatures
4597:metric modulations
4304:
4117:between different
4026:
3920:
3899:to three beats of
3839:
3763:
3199:
3163:
2838:
2738:The Rite of Spring
2680:
2651:
2622:
2317:Heitor Villa-Lobos
2136:Piano Sonata No. 1
2047:
1214:and most forms of
641:or, colloquially,
601:time, also called
6668:
6667:
6612:Mensural notation
6065:
6064:
5977:Metric modulation
5446:978-0-19-509888-4
5419:. Classical Notes
5400:978-0-7390-4081-2
5343:"musictheory.net"
5148:William Duckworth
5048:Wuthering Heights
4631:
4585:
4584:
4305:Proportion signs
4091:mensuration signs
4083:mensural notation
4066:Early music usage
4039:Joseph Schwantner
3985:Lincolnshire Posy
3924:
3923:
3851:
3823:to four beats of
3775:
3747:to four beats of
3699:
3484:Brian Ferneyhough
3434:. For example, a
3414:metric modulation
3410:Brian Ferneyhough
3217:Irrational meters
3203:
3202:
3174:
3141:
3088:. The Macedonian
2977:traditional music
2859:, in contrast to
2757:
2722:
2698:Modest Mussorgsky
2684:
2683:
2661:
2632:
2600:
2526:"), expressed as
2488:("Eleven Four"),
2409:" and the use of
2220:
2160:Thirty-six Fugues
2076:
1976:" (1935–1936) by
1825:
1824:
1819:
1807:
1792:Pastoral Symphony
1739:
1727:
1629:
1617:
1478:
1466:
1406:
1394:
1324:
1263:
1250:
1210:: Widely used in
953:
932:
269:irrational meters
86:measure signature
32:Half-time (music)
16:(Redirected from
6698:
6681:Musical notation
6658:
6657:
6648:
6647:
6511:Graphic notation
6175:Rehearsal letter
6099:Musical notation
6092:
6085:
6078:
6069:
5854:
5847:
5840:
5831:
5826:
5791:
5790:
5789:
5788:
5775:
5769:
5768:
5767:
5766:
5753:
5747:
5738:
5732:
5726:
5720:
5714:
5708:
5707:XV p. 307 (1980)
5694:
5688:
5681:
5675:
5669:
5663:
5657:
5646:
5640:
5637:
5631:
5622:
5609:
5608:
5601:
5595:
5594:
5587:
5581:
5569:Gheorghe Oprea,
5567:
5561:
5551:
5545:
5534:
5528:
5527:
5509:
5503:
5502:
5486:
5476:
5470:
5455:
5449:
5434:
5428:
5427:
5425:
5424:
5409:
5403:
5388:
5382:
5381:
5379:
5378:
5363:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5353:
5339:
5333:
5332:
5310:
5304:
5295:
5289:
5276:Scott Schroedl,
5274:
5268:
5253:
5247:
5193:
5187:
5162:; Edwin Gordon,
5108:
5068:
5067:
5066:
5065:
5045:
5044:
5043:
5042:
5030:
5029:
5028:
5027:
5007:
5006:
5005:
5004:
4992:
4991:
4990:
4989:
4974:" originally by
4969:
4968:
4967:
4966:
4954:
4953:
4952:
4951:
4928:
4927:
4926:
4925:
4913:
4912:
4911:
4910:
4898:
4897:
4896:
4895:
4883:
4882:
4881:
4880:
4865:
4864:
4863:
4862:
4850:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4835:
4834:
4833:
4832:
4820:
4819:
4818:
4817:
4805:
4804:
4803:
4802:
4789:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4772:
4771:
4770:
4769:
4755:
4754:
4753:
4752:
4706:
4695:proportio tripla
4693:
4687:
4676:
4665:
4653:
4652:
4651:
4650:
4626:
4581:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4515:
4506:
4500:
4493:
4486:
4481:
4475:
4470:
4460:
4451:
4445:
4438:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4398:
4389:
4380:
4375:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4350:
4344:
4337:
4328:
4307:
4277:
4276:
4275:
4274:
4262:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4251:
4239:
4231:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4216:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4205:
4193:
4169:
4142:
4131:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4023:
4022:
4021:
4020:
4008:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3982:Percy Grainger's
3979:
3978:
3977:
3976:
3964:
3963:
3962:
3961:
3945:
3944:
3943:
3942:
3913:
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3898:
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3895:
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3716:
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3700:
3687:
3683:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3668:
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3666:
3665:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3631:
3630:
3626:
3617:
3616:
3612:
3607:
3606:
3605:
3604:
3589:
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3586:
3574:
3573:
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3571:
3544:
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3542:
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3529:
3528:
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3526:
3514:
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3512:
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3463:
3462:
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3446:
3445:
3379:
3378:
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3376:
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3349:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3334:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3319:
3318:
3317:
3316:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3301:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3269:
3257:
3256:
3255:
3254:
3242:
3241:
3240:
3239:
3196:
3190:
3175:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3154:
3142:
3130:
3095:
3087:
3081:
3075:
3069:
3055:
3049:
3043:
3033:
3032:
3031:
3030:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2930:Olivier Messiaen
2905:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2849:additive rhythms
2810:
2809:
2808:
2807:
2765:Olivier Messiaen
2677:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2662:
2648:
2647:
2646:
2645:
2633:
2616:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2601:
2590:
2567:additive rhythms
2562:Bulgarian dances
2540:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2521:
2520:
2519:
2518:
2502:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2487:
2486:
2485:
2484:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2423:Paranoid Android
2399:progressive rock
2392:
2391:
2390:
2389:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2339:
2338:
2337:
2336:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2284:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2177:
2176:
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2174:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2149:
2078:
2077:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2044:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2006:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1968:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1953:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1923:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1894:
1882:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1821:
1820:
1809:
1808:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1741:
1740:
1729:
1728:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1650:
1649:
1648:
1647:
1631:
1630:
1619:
1618:
1558:
1557:
1556:
1555:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1480:
1479:
1468:
1467:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1424:
1408:
1407:
1396:
1395:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1326:
1325:
1293:
1292:
1284:
1283:
1282:
1281:
1265:
1264:
1252:
1251:
1201:
1200:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1156:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1069:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1004:
992:
991:
990:
989:
977:
976:
975:
974:
955:
954:
934:
933:
915:
914:
913:
912:
900:
899:
898:
897:
885:
884:
883:
882:
870:
869:
868:
867:
855:
854:
853:
852:
840:
839:
838:
837:
825:
824:
823:
822:
806:
805:
804:
803:
791:
790:
789:
788:
769:
768:
767:
766:
724:irregular meters
718:
717:
716:
715:
703:
702:
701:
700:
634:
633:
632:
631:
619:
618:
600:
599:
598:
597:
585:
584:
573:
572:
571:
570:
558:
557:
556:
555:
515:
514:
513:
512:
500:
499:
498:
497:
485:
484:
483:
482:
466:
465:
464:
463:
447:
446:
445:
444:
392:
391:
390:
389:
377:
376:
375:
374:
362:
361:
360:
359:
347:
346:
332:, also known as
325:
324:
323:
322:
310:
308:
307:
296:, also known as
295:
294:
293:
292:
254:
253:
252:
251:
239:
238:
237:
236:
224:
223:
222:
221:
205:
204:
203:
202:
190:
189:
188:
187:
175:
174:
173:
172:
133:
132:
121:
120:
119:
118:
63:(crotchets) per
58:
57:
56:
55:
44:An example of a
21:
6706:
6705:
6701:
6700:
6699:
6697:
6696:
6695:
6686:Time signatures
6671:
6670:
6669:
6664:
6636:
6600:
6474:
6465:Music publisher
6460:Music engraving
6441:
6321:
6312:Letter notation
6204:
6101:
6096:
6066:
6061:
5952:Harmonic rhythm
5867:
5858:
5823:
5803:
5795:
5794:
5786:
5784:
5777:
5776:
5772:
5764:
5762:
5761:, 7 August 2019
5755:
5754:
5750:
5739:
5735:
5727:
5723:
5715:
5711:
5695:
5691:
5682:
5678:
5670:
5666:
5648:
5647:
5643:
5638:
5634:
5623:
5612:
5603:
5602:
5598:
5589:
5588:
5584:
5568:
5564:
5552:
5548:
5538:Le rythme Aksak
5535:
5531:
5524:
5511:
5510:
5506:
5499:
5478:
5477:
5473:
5456:
5452:
5435:
5431:
5422:
5420:
5411:
5410:
5406:
5389:
5385:
5376:
5374:
5365:
5364:
5360:
5351:
5349:
5341:
5340:
5336:
5329:
5312:
5311:
5307:
5296:
5292:
5275:
5271:
5254:
5250:
5194:
5190:
5109:
5105:
5100:
5075:
5064:
5059:
5058:
5057:
5056:
5055:
5041:
5036:
5035:
5034:
5033:
5032:
5026:
5021:
5020:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5008:composition), "
5003:
4998:
4997:
4996:
4995:
4994:
4988:
4983:
4982:
4981:
4980:
4979:
4970:composition), "
4965:
4960:
4959:
4958:
4957:
4956:
4950:
4945:
4944:
4943:
4942:
4941:
4924:
4919:
4918:
4917:
4916:
4915:
4909:
4904:
4903:
4902:
4901:
4900:
4894:
4889:
4888:
4887:
4886:
4885:
4879:
4874:
4873:
4872:
4871:
4870:
4861:
4856:
4855:
4854:
4853:
4852:
4846:
4841:
4840:
4839:
4838:
4837:
4831:
4826:
4825:
4824:
4823:
4822:
4816:
4811:
4810:
4809:
4808:
4807:
4801:
4796:
4795:
4794:
4793:
4792:
4785:
4780:
4779:
4778:
4777:
4776:
4768:
4763:
4762:
4761:
4760:
4759:
4751:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4743:
4742:
4738:
4649:
4644:
4643:
4642:
4641:
4640:
4605:Guillaume Dufay
4576:
4536:
4501:
4476:
4446:
4416:
4370:
4345:
4319:Notated values
4313:Notated values
4302:
4296:
4273:
4268:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4264:
4263:corresponds to
4250:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4240:corresponds to
4227:
4222:
4221:
4220:
4219:
4218:
4217:corresponds to
4204:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4195:
4194:corresponds to
4079:
4073:
4068:
4028:Music educator
4019:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4011:
4010:
4004:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3996:
3995:
3975:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3967:
3966:
3960:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3941:
3936:
3935:
3934:
3933:
3932:
3929:
3909:
3904:
3903:
3902:
3901:
3900:
3894:
3889:
3888:
3887:
3886:
3885:
3879:
3874:
3873:
3872:
3871:
3870:
3864:
3859:
3858:
3857:
3856:
3855:
3843:
3833:
3828:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3824:
3818:
3813:
3812:
3811:
3810:
3809:
3803:
3798:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3794:
3788:
3783:
3782:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3767:
3757:
3752:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3748:
3742:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3734:
3733:
3727:
3722:
3721:
3720:
3719:
3718:
3712:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3703:
3691:
3679:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3670:
3664:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3656:
3655:
3638:
3634:
3633:
3628:
3624:
3623:
3618:of a reference
3614:
3610:
3609:
3603:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3595:
3594:
3585:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3577:
3576:
3570:
3565:
3564:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3540:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3531:
3525:
3520:
3519:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3510:
3505:
3504:
3503:
3502:
3501:
3497:Traced Overhead
3468:'s piano piece
3459:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3450:
3444:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3387:
3375:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3360:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3351:
3345:
3340:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3336:
3330:
3325:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3315:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3300:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3291:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3268:
3263:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3259:
3253:
3248:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3238:
3233:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3219:
3192:
3186:
3167:
3153:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3134:
3089:
3083:
3077:
3071:
3065:
3051:
3045:
3039:
3029:
3024:
3023:
3022:
3021:
3020:
2993:
2989:
2988:
2985:Bulgarian music
2965:dance rhythms.
2956:
2950:
2945:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2941:
2901:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2880:
2875:
2874:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2863:, in which the
2845:
2843:Additive meters
2806:
2801:
2800:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2733:Igor Stravinsky
2724:
2723:
2721:
2689:
2673:
2668:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2664:
2655:
2644:
2639:
2638:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2626:
2612:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2594:
2580:Additive meters
2576:compound meters
2536:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2528:
2527:
2517:
2512:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2498:
2493:
2492:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2483:
2478:
2477:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2464:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2456:
2455:
2435:
2430:
2429:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2411:quintuple meter
2388:
2383:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2376:Jerry Goldsmith
2363:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2335:
2330:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2315:the fugue from
2307:
2302:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2280:
2275:
2274:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2253:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2244:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2199:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2173:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2164:
2148:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2140:
2139:
2132:Frédéric Chopin
2093:
2092:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2072:
2069:
2062:
2057:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2048:
2042:
2037:
2030:
2024:Quintuple meter
2016:
2005:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1967:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1952:
1947:
1946:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1937:
1932:
1931:
1930:
1929:
1928:
1922:
1917:
1916:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1893:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1878:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1863:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1848:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1830:
1813:
1802:
1800:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1733:
1722:
1720:
1715:
1709:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1674:Fourth Symphony
1651:
1646:
1641:
1640:
1639:
1638:
1637:
1623:
1612:
1610:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1530:Time signature
1518:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1472:
1461:
1459:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1415:
1414:
1400:
1389:
1387:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1319:
1317:
1287:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1274:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1256:
1245:
1243:
1212:classical music
1195:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1164:Time signature
1130:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1040:
1035:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1014:
1003:
998:
997:
996:
995:
994:
988:
983:
982:
981:
980:
979:
973:
968:
967:
966:
965:
964:
948:
943:
927:
922:
911:
906:
905:
904:
903:
902:
896:
891:
890:
889:
888:
887:
881:
876:
875:
874:
873:
872:
866:
861:
860:
859:
858:
857:
851:
846:
845:
844:
843:
842:
836:
831:
830:
829:
828:
827:
821:
816:
815:
814:
813:
812:
802:
797:
796:
795:
794:
793:
787:
782:
781:
780:
779:
778:
765:
760:
759:
758:
757:
756:
738:
732:
714:
709:
708:
707:
706:
705:
699:
694:
693:
692:
691:
690:
682:respectively.
680:quadruple meter
668:
663:
647:cut common time
630:
625:
624:
623:
622:
621:
613:
596:
591:
590:
589:
588:
587:
579:
569:
564:
563:
562:
561:
560:
554:
549:
548:
547:
546:
545:
542:
522:
511:
506:
505:
504:
503:
502:
496:
491:
490:
489:
488:
487:
481:
476:
475:
474:
473:
472:
462:
457:
456:
455:
454:
453:
443:
438:
437:
436:
435:
434:
400:
395:
394:
393:
388:
383:
382:
381:
380:
379:
373:
368:
367:
366:
365:
364:
358:
353:
352:
351:
350:
349:
341:
338:cut-common time
321:
316:
315:
314:
313:
312:
302:
300:
291:
286:
285:
284:
283:
282:
279:
278:
250:
245:
244:
243:
242:
241:
235:
230:
229:
228:
227:
226:
220:
215:
214:
213:
212:
211:
201:
196:
195:
194:
193:
192:
186:
181:
180:
179:
178:
177:
171:
166:
165:
164:
163:
162:
127:
117:
112:
111:
110:
109:
108:
82:metre signature
78:meter signature
76:(also known as
70:
69:
68:
54:
49:
48:
47:
46:
45:
42:
41:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6704:
6702:
6694:
6693:
6688:
6683:
6673:
6672:
6666:
6665:
6663:
6662:
6652:
6641:
6638:
6637:
6635:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6608:
6606:
6602:
6601:
6599:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6482:
6480:
6476:
6475:
6473:
6472:
6467:
6462:
6457:
6451:
6449:
6443:
6442:
6440:
6439:
6434:
6429:
6424:
6419:
6414:
6409:
6408:
6407:
6402:
6397:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6372:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6331:
6329:
6323:
6322:
6320:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6273:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6236:
6235:
6230:
6225:
6214:
6212:
6206:
6205:
6203:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6190:Time signature
6187:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6111:
6109:
6103:
6102:
6097:
6095:
6094:
6087:
6080:
6072:
6063:
6062:
6060:
6059:
6054:
6052:Time signature
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5987:Notes inégales
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5932:
5931:
5930:
5920:
5915:
5914:
5913:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5872:
5869:
5868:
5859:
5857:
5856:
5849:
5842:
5834:
5828:
5827:
5821:
5793:
5792:
5770:
5748:
5733:
5731:, p. 148.
5721:
5719:, p. 189.
5709:
5689:
5676:
5674:, p. 150.
5664:
5641:
5632:
5610:
5596:
5582:
5562:
5546:
5529:
5522:
5504:
5497:
5471:
5450:
5436:Edward Macan,
5429:
5404:
5383:
5373:. 6 March 2020
5358:
5334:
5327:
5305:
5290:
5269:
5255:Edwin Gordon,
5248:
5188:
5102:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5095:
5094:
5088:
5082:
5074:
5071:
5069:composition).
5060:
5037:
5022:
4999:
4984:
4961:
4946:
4938:The Stranglers
4920:
4905:
4890:
4875:
4857:
4842:
4827:
4812:
4797:
4781:
4764:
4747:
4737:
4734:
4699:
4698:
4681:
4670:
4645:
4635:
4634:
4633:
4632:
4583:
4582:
4559:
4552:
4519:
4508:
4507:
4494:
4487:
4464:
4453:
4452:
4439:
4432:
4399:
4382:
4381:
4363:
4356:
4338:
4321:
4320:
4317:
4316:equivalent to
4314:
4311:
4298:Main article:
4295:
4292:
4280:
4279:
4269:
4256:
4246:
4233:
4223:
4210:
4200:
4075:Main article:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4055:Henryk Górecki
4015:
4000:
3971:
3956:
3937:
3928:
3925:
3922:
3921:
3918:, which is 5:3
3905:
3890:
3875:
3860:
3840:
3829:
3814:
3799:
3784:
3764:
3753:
3738:
3723:
3708:
3675:
3660:
3599:
3581:
3566:
3536:
3521:
3506:
3455:
3440:
3424:Nixon in China
3402:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3371:
3356:
3341:
3326:
3311:
3296:
3286:that is not a
3282:, that have a
3264:
3249:
3234:
3227:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3201:
3200:
3177:The rhythm of
3164:
3149:
3105:Viennese waltz
3025:
2946:
2940:is written in
2922:
2921:
2920:
2919:
2897:
2876:
2861:perfect meters
2844:
2841:
2840:
2839:
2802:
2786:Concord Sonata
2761:
2760:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2730:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2669:
2652:
2640:
2623:
2608:
2532:
2513:
2505:Unsquare Dance
2494:
2479:
2460:
2431:
2395:
2394:
2384:
2359:
2341:
2331:
2313:
2303:
2288:the ending of
2286:
2276:
2262:Paul Hindemith
2259:
2249:
2226:Examples from
2224:
2223:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2195:
2169:
2144:
2083:
2070:
2067:Time Drum Beat
2058:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2028:Septuple meter
2015:
2012:
2001:
1986:
1963:
1948:
1933:
1918:
1889:
1874:
1859:
1844:
1832:Main article:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1810:
1798:
1796:
1765:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1742:
1730:
1718:
1716:
1705:
1699:
1655:
1642:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1620:
1608:
1606:
1563:
1550:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1504:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1469:
1457:
1455:
1432:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1409:
1397:
1385:
1383:
1352:
1339:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1315:
1313:
1297:
1276:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1253:
1241:
1239:
1205:
1184:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1121:
1115:
1099:
1093:
1092:: Most often,
1087:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1061:
1055:
1036:
1013:
1010:
999:
993:, rather than
984:
969:
945:
944:
941:
924:
923:
920:
907:
892:
877:
862:
847:
832:
817:
798:
783:
761:
734:Main article:
731:
728:
710:
695:
687:compound meter
667:
664:
662:
659:
651:
650:
635:and is called
626:
610:
607:imperfect time
592:
565:
550:
521:
518:
507:
492:
477:
458:
439:
433:For instance,
431:
430:
419:
399:
396:
384:
369:
354:
317:
287:
280:
276:
275:
274:
273:
246:
231:
216:
197:
182:
167:
124:four–four time
113:
90:music notation
74:time signature
50:
43:
39:
38:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6703:
6692:
6689:
6687:
6684:
6682:
6679:
6678:
6676:
6661:
6653:
6651:
6643:
6642:
6639:
6633:
6632:Transcription
6630:
6628:
6627:Sight-reading
6625:
6623:
6622:Perfect pitch
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6609:
6607:
6603:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6556:Ancient Greek
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6496:Chord diagram
6494:
6492:
6489:
6487:
6486:Braille music
6484:
6483:
6481:
6479:Other systems
6477:
6471:
6468:
6466:
6463:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6452:
6450:
6448:
6444:
6438:
6435:
6433:
6430:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6406:
6403:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6377:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6332:
6330:
6328:
6324:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6257:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6220:
6219:
6216:
6215:
6213:
6211:
6210:Musical notes
6207:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6195:Transposition
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6150:Key signature
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6112:
6110:
6108:
6104:
6100:
6093:
6088:
6086:
6081:
6079:
6074:
6073:
6070:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6017:Rhythmic mode
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5937:
5933:
5929:
5926:
5925:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5912:
5909:
5908:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5896:Canter rhythm
5894:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5873:
5870:
5866:
5862:
5855:
5850:
5848:
5843:
5841:
5836:
5835:
5832:
5824:
5822:9780910956154
5818:
5814:
5810:
5806:
5802:
5801:
5800:
5799:
5783:, 8 July 2019
5782:
5781:
5774:
5771:
5760:
5759:
5752:
5749:
5745:
5744:
5737:
5734:
5730:
5725:
5722:
5718:
5713:
5710:
5706:
5702:
5698:
5697:Thomas Morley
5693:
5690:
5686:
5680:
5677:
5673:
5668:
5665:
5661:
5655:
5651:
5645:
5642:
5636:
5633:
5630:
5626:
5621:
5619:
5617:
5615:
5611:
5606:
5600:
5597:
5592:
5586:
5583:
5580:
5579:973-42-0304-5
5576:
5572:
5566:
5563:
5559:
5555:
5550:
5547:
5543:
5539:
5533:
5530:
5525:
5519:
5515:
5508:
5505:
5500:
5498:9780195063349
5494:
5490:
5485:
5484:
5475:
5472:
5468:
5467:0-7579-9166-1
5464:
5460:
5454:
5451:
5447:
5443:
5439:
5433:
5430:
5418:
5416:
5408:
5405:
5401:
5397:
5393:
5387:
5384:
5372:
5368:
5362:
5359:
5348:
5344:
5338:
5335:
5330:
5328:9781648250187
5324:
5320:
5316:
5309:
5306:
5302:
5299:
5294:
5291:
5287:
5286:0-634-02185-0
5283:
5279:
5273:
5270:
5266:
5262:
5258:
5252:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5237:
5233:
5229:
5228:Stanley Sadie
5225:
5221:
5217:
5213:
5209:
5206:, 1996): 63.
5205:
5201:
5197:
5192:
5189:
5185:
5181:
5177:
5173:
5169:
5165:
5161:
5157:
5153:
5149:
5145:
5141:
5138:, 2003): 66.
5137:
5133:
5129:
5125:
5121:
5117:
5113:
5107:
5104:
5097:
5092:
5089:
5086:
5083:
5080:
5077:
5076:
5072:
5070:
5063:
5053:
5049:
5040:
5025:
5015:
5011:
5002:
4987:
4977:
4973:
4964:
4949:
4939:
4935:
4930:
4923:
4908:
4893:
4878:
4867:
4866:composition.
4860:
4845:
4830:
4815:
4800:
4790:
4784:
4773:
4767:
4756:
4750:
4736:Irregular bar
4735:
4733:
4731:
4726:
4724:
4720:
4716:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4696:
4692:
4686:
4682:
4679:
4675:
4671:
4668:
4664:
4660:
4659:
4658:
4655:
4648:
4629:
4625:
4624:
4623:
4622:
4621:
4619:
4616:Walker' or a
4612:
4610:
4609:Thomas Morley
4606:
4602:
4598:
4594:
4590:
4589:musical meter
4580:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4560:
4557:
4553:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4520:
4518:
4514:
4510:
4509:
4505:
4499:
4495:
4492:
4488:
4485:
4480:
4474:
4469:
4465:
4463:
4459:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4444:
4440:
4437:
4433:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4400:
4397:
4392:
4388:
4384:
4383:
4379:
4374:
4368:
4364:
4361:
4357:
4354:
4349:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4322:
4308:
4301:
4293:
4291:
4289:
4285:
4272:
4261:
4257:
4249:
4238:
4234:
4226:
4215:
4211:
4203:
4192:
4188:
4187:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4177:
4173:
4168:
4164:
4163:
4158:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4141:
4137:
4136:
4130:
4126:
4125:
4120:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4078:
4070:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4056:
4050:
4048:
4044:
4040:
4036:
4031:
4024:respectively)
4018:
4003:
3992:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3974:
3959:
3949:
3948:Carlos Chávez
3940:
3926:
3917:
3908:
3893:
3878:
3863:
3841:
3832:
3817:
3802:
3787:
3765:
3756:
3741:
3726:
3711:
3689:
3685:
3678:
3663:
3653:
3648:
3647:
3643:
3622:, and a beat
3621:
3602:
3591:
3584:
3569:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3546:
3539:
3524:
3509:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3473:
3472:
3467:
3458:
3443:
3433:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3411:
3408:According to
3381:
3374:
3359:
3344:
3329:
3314:
3299:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3267:
3252:
3237:
3216:
3214:
3212:
3208:
3195:
3189:
3184:
3180:
3165:
3161:
3152:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3121:
3117:
3112:
3110:
3106:
3101:
3099:
3094:
3093:
3086:
3080:
3074:
3068:
3063:
3057:
3054:
3048:
3042:
3037:
3028:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
3001:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2971:
2966:
2964:
2959:
2949:
2939:
2935:
2934:Maurice Ravel
2931:
2927:
2918:two three ...
2917:
2913:
2909:
2900:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2888:
2887:
2879:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2842:
2835:
2830:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2821:
2818:
2814:
2805:
2795:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2771:
2766:
2754:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2728:
2727:
2719:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2695:
2686:
2672:
2653:
2643:
2624:
2620:
2611:
2592:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2545:
2535:
2525:
2516:
2506:
2497:
2482:
2472:
2463:
2453:
2450:composition "
2449:
2445:
2441:
2434:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2400:
2387:
2377:
2373:
2372:
2362:
2352:
2351:Lalo Schifrin
2348:
2347:
2342:
2334:
2324:
2323:
2318:
2314:
2306:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2279:
2269:
2268:
2267:Ludus Tonalis
2263:
2260:
2252:
2242:
2241:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2217:
2207:
2206:
2205:
2198:
2188:
2186:
2181:
2172:
2162:
2161:
2156:
2147:
2137:
2133:
2128:
2126:
2121:
2120:Delphic Hymns
2116:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2091:
2089:
2068:
2061:
2035:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2013:
2011:
2004:
1989:
1979:
1975:
1966:
1951:
1936:
1921:
1911:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1892:
1877:
1862:
1847:
1835:
1827:
1811:
1797:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1766:
1764:
1755:
1744:
1731:
1717:
1708:
1697:
1696:
1691:
1690:Clair de lune
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1645:
1634:
1621:
1607:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1553:
1542:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1520:
1515:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1503:
1494:
1483:
1470:
1456:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1431:
1422:
1411:
1398:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1351:
1342:
1331:
1328:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1296:
1291:
1279:
1268:
1254:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1216:popular music
1213:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1199:
1187:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1157:
1154:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1124:
1114:
1113:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1102:
1091:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1064:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1039:
1029:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1011:
1009:
1002:
987:
972:
962:
956:
940:
939:
938:
935:
919:
918:
917:
910:
895:
880:
865:
850:
835:
820:
810:
801:
786:
775:
773:
764:
753:
751:
747:
743:
737:
729:
727:
725:
720:
713:
698:
688:
683:
681:
677:
673:
665:
660:
658:
656:
648:
644:
640:
639:
629:
617:
611:
608:
604:
595:
583:
577:
576:
575:
568:
553:
540:
536:
534:
529:
524:
519:
517:
510:
495:
480:
470:
461:
451:
450:quarter-notes
442:
428:
424:
420:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:
403:
397:
387:
372:
357:
345:
339:
335:
331:
330:
320:
306:
299:
290:
272:
270:
266:
262:
258:
249:
234:
219:
209:
200:
185:
170:
160:
155:
153:
149:
145:
141:
140:key signature
137:
131:
125:
116:
105:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
66:
62:
61:quarter notes
53:
33:
19:
6691:Music theory
6531:Klavarskribo
6506:Figured bass
6380:Appoggiatura
6327:Articulation
6189:
6125:Abbreviation
6051:
5934:
5808:
5797:
5796:
5785:, retrieved
5779:
5773:
5763:, retrieved
5757:
5751:
5741:
5736:
5724:
5712:
5700:
5692:
5684:
5679:
5667:
5653:
5644:
5635:
5628:
5599:
5585:
5570:
5565:
5557:
5549:
5541:
5537:
5532:
5513:
5507:
5482:
5474:
5458:
5453:
5437:
5432:
5421:. Retrieved
5414:
5407:
5391:
5390:Tim Emmons,
5386:
5375:. Retrieved
5370:
5361:
5350:. Retrieved
5346:
5337:
5314:
5308:
5297:
5293:
5277:
5272:
5256:
5251:
5235:
5232:John Tyrrell
5223:
5199:
5196:Henry Cowell
5191:
5175:
5163:
5151:
5131:
5127:
5111:
5106:
5061:
5038:
5023:
5000:
4985:
4962:
4947:
4934:Golden Brown
4931:
4921:
4906:
4891:
4884:a change to
4876:
4868:
4858:
4843:
4828:
4813:
4798:
4782:
4765:
4748:
4739:
4727:
4722:
4712:
4700:
4694:
4677:
4666:
4656:
4646:
4637:
4627:
4614:
4601:Charles Hamm
4586:
4516:
4461:
4390:
4329:
4281:
4270:
4247:
4224:
4201:
4184:
4180:simple meter
4171:
4160:
4156:
4144:
4133:
4122:
4090:
4080:
4058:
4051:
4046:
4035:George Crumb
4027:
4016:
4001:
3972:
3957:
3938:
3930:
3906:
3891:
3876:
3861:
3830:
3815:
3800:
3785:
3754:
3739:
3724:
3709:
3676:
3661:
3649:
3645:
3644:
3600:
3592:
3582:
3567:
3553:
3550:John Pickard
3547:
3537:
3522:
3507:
3495:
3476:contrapuntal
3469:
3466:Henry Cowell
3456:
3441:
3429:
3422:
3407:
3372:
3357:
3342:
3327:
3312:
3297:
3288:power of two
3279:
3277:
3265:
3250:
3235:
3204:
3193:
3187:
3179:Dave Brubeck
3150:
3125:
3124:
3119:
3113:
3102:
3090:
3084:
3079:12 = 3+4+2+3
3078:
3073:13 = 4+4+2+3
3072:
3066:
3058:
3052:
3046:
3040:
3035:
3026:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3004:
2998:
2970:musicologist
2967:
2957:
2947:
2923:
2915:
2911:
2907:
2898:
2877:
2869:
2860:
2856:
2846:
2822:
2812:
2803:
2791:
2784:
2781:Charles Ives
2774:
2768:
2762:
2736:
2731:
2701:
2693:
2690:
2687:Mixed meters
2670:
2641:
2609:
2585:
2584:
2565:
2555:
2548:
2542:
2533:
2514:
2495:
2480:
2461:
2444:Paul Desmond
2442:
2432:
2425:" (includes
2396:
2385:
2369:
2360:
2344:
2332:
2320:
2304:
2294:The Firebird
2292:
2290:Stravinsky's
2277:
2265:
2250:
2238:
2235:Gustav Holst
2225:
2196:
2184:
2170:
2158:
2155:Anton Reicha
2145:
2129:
2117:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2094:
2059:
2002:
1987:
1964:
1949:
1934:
1919:
1907:
1902:tempo giusto
1900:
1890:
1875:
1860:
1845:
1837:
1834:Tempo giusto
1828:Tempo giusto
1790:
1772:
1763:(quadruple)
1762:
1753:
1706:
1698:are also in
1693:
1657:
1652:
1643:
1560:
1551:
1533:Common uses
1501:
1492:
1429:
1420:
1349:
1340:
1305:
1299:
1294:
1277:
1207:
1203:(quadruple)
1202:
1185:
1167:Common uses
1152:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1122:
1100:
1089:
1088:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1062:
1047:triple meter
1045:is a simple
1037:
1027:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1015:
1000:
985:
970:
957:
946:
936:
925:
908:
893:
878:
863:
848:
833:
818:
808:
799:
784:
776:
772:one in a bar
771:
762:
754:
749:
741:
739:
736:Beat (music)
723:
721:
711:
696:
684:
679:
676:triple meter
675:
671:
669:
652:
646:
642:
636:
627:
606:
602:
593:
566:
551:
543:
532:
523:
508:
493:
478:
469:eighth-notes
459:
440:
432:
422:
407:
401:
385:
370:
355:
337:
333:
327:
318:
297:
288:
247:
232:
217:
207:
198:
183:
168:
158:
156:
135:
123:
114:
106:
85:
81:
77:
73:
71:
51:
6617:Music stand
6491:Chord chart
6470:Scorewriter
6447:Sheet music
6245:Dotted note
6180:Repeat sign
6155:Ledger line
6032:Syncopation
5805:Apel, Willi
5459:OK Computer
4310:Proportion
4294:Proportions
4170:was called
4143:was called
4119:note values
3946:appears in
3632:of one (or
3492:Thomas Adès
3284:denominator
3211:Kraig Grady
3109:syncopation
3098:Boda Polska
3067:7 = 2+2+1+2
2961:to reflect
2926:Béla Bartók
2694:necessarily
2403:The Beatles
2240:The Planets
1670:Tchaikovsky
1595:barcarolles
1370:(including
1368:Latin music
1308:: Used for
1208:Common time
750:subdivision
746:dotted note
672:duple meter
612:The symbol
603:common time
578:The symbol
528:Common Time
467:means four
298:common time
136:common time
134:(spoken as
122:(spoken as
94:note values
6675:Categories
6591:Shakuhachi
6566:Ekphonetic
6551:Simplified
6516:Lead sheet
6390:Grace note
6255:Note value
6250:Grace note
6218:Accidental
6047:Time point
5997:Polyrhythm
5992:Note value
5962:Homorhythm
5928:Note value
5918:Cross-beat
5787:2022-09-22
5765:2022-09-22
5523:0800854535
5423:2012-04-20
5415:Pathetique
5377:2022-02-20
5352:2023-08-02
5265:1579990983
5244:0195181654
5220:0521499747
5212:0521496519
5184:1574670492
5172:0873953541
5160:0840029993
5144:0195165500
5124:0226075079
5114:(Chicago:
5098:References
4976:The Arrows
4714:alla breve
4059:Beatus Vir
3916:polyrhythm
3854:Polymeter
3778:Polymeter
3702:Polymeter
3620:whole note
3419:John Adams
3207:Erv Wilson
3062:Eleno Mome
2981:Bulgarians
2910:two three
2817:Erik Satie
2413:in their "
2368:) and for
2185:Pathétique
2101:asymmetric
2088:media help
2018:See also:
1660:: Used in
1587:tarantella
1577:, polkas,
1508:hypermeter
1448:polonaises
1301:Alla breve
1135:two three
638:alla breve
539:Common Era
533:Commontime
448:means two
416:irrational
412:power of 2
329:alla breve
6586:Swaralipi
6576:Kunkunshi
6536:Tablature
6501:Eye music
6385:Glissando
6360:Fingering
6145:Dal segno
6022:Stop-time
5972:Isorhythm
5947:Half-time
5911:Count off
5881:Anacrusis
5729:Apel 1953
5717:Apel 1953
5705:New Grove
5683:C. Hamm:
5672:Apel 1953
5214:(cloth);
5052:Kate Bush
4719:half note
4157:semibreve
4135:semibreve
4030:Carl Orff
3652:polymeter
3480:noteheads
3092:3+2+2+3+2
3076:, or (3)
2968:Romanian
2857:imperfect
2794:free time
2767:, in his
2678:at 60 bpm
2649:at 60 bpm
2550:karşılama
2452:Take Five
2419:Radiohead
2243:(both in
2230:include:
2105:irregular
2034:August 13
1978:Carl Orff
1974:O Fortuna
1787:Beethoven
1678:J.S. Bach
1662:slip jigs
1653:(triple)
1575:zortzikos
1502:(triple)
1434:Used for
1430:(triple)
1354:Used for
6596:Znamenny
6437:Tonguing
6422:Staccato
6375:Ornament
6350:Dynamics
6302:Interval
6265:Notehead
6240:Cue note
5923:Duration
5906:Counting
5901:Colotomy
5807:(1953).
5660:Page 210
5652:(1967).
5091:Colotomy
5079:Schaffel
5073:See also
4618:Curranta
4176:compound
4172:prolatio
4159:and the
4132:and the
4115:duration
3927:Variants
3654:, since
3421:' opera
2507:"), and
2371:Room 222
2187:Symphony
2127:(1733).
1561:(duple)
1512:cachucha
1452:mazurkas
1380:merengue
1350:(duple)
1306:cut time
1295:(duple)
1090:Compound
1012:Examples
963:song in
643:cut time
334:cut time
265:additive
208:compound
18:4/4 time
6605:Related
6571:Gamelan
6561:Chinese
6541:Parsons
6412:Portato
6395:Mordent
6370:Marcato
6355:Fermata
6345:Damping
6340:Caesura
6297:Tremolo
6228:natural
6140:Da capo
6007:Prosody
5957:Hemiola
5798:Sources
5014:Outkast
5010:Hey Ya!
4593:tuplets
4081:In the
3637:⁄
3627:⁄
3613:⁄
3432:tuplets
3188:2+2+2+3
3158:at 120
3116:Turkish
3085:4+4+2+3
3013:shaking
3009:jolting
3005:impeded
2992:⁄
2582:below.
2553:dance.
2125:Orlando
2109:unusual
2097:complex
1910:Baroque
1779:doo-wop
1774:shuffle
1686:Debussy
1591:marches
1565:Double
1444:scherzi
1440:minuets
1436:waltzes
1364:marches
1310:marches
1228:country
1083:and ...
1022:italics
535:(album)
257:complex
148:barline
84:, and
65:measure
6427:Tenuto
6365:Legato
6335:Accent
6292:Tuplet
6057:Tuplet
5942:Groove
5861:Rhythm
5819:
5577:
5520:
5495:
5465:
5444:
5398:
5325:
5284:
5263:
5242:
5218:
5210:
5182:
5170:
5158:
5142:
5122:
4730:puzzle
4723:tactus
4709:tactus
4630:(1597)
4278:meter.
4255:meter;
4232:meter;
4209:meter;
4149:triple
4145:tempus
3471:Fabric
3391:note).
3070:, (2)
2963:Basque
2617:at 60
2578:. See
2572:metric
2454:", in
2178:. The
2026:, and
1957:, and
1883:, and
1777:) and
1599:loures
1583:salegy
1378:, and
1376:cumbia
1372:bolero
1360:galops
1356:polkas
1234:, and
1147:and a)
1143:and a
1028:Simple
678:, and
501:, and
378:; and
267:, and
240:, and
206:), or
191:, and
159:simple
67:(bar).
6581:Neume
6405:Trill
6400:Slide
6287:Tacet
6277:Pitch
6233:sharp
6185:Tempo
6170:Scale
6165:Ossia
6107:Staff
6042:Tempo
6027:Swing
6012:Pulse
5936:Gatra
5865:meter
5556:from
5050:" by
5031:in a
5012:" by
4993:in a
4955:in a
4936:" by
4851:in a
4821:in a
4791:in a
4162:minim
4153:duple
4124:breve
3488:tempo
3194:3+3+3
3120:aksak
3053:3+2+2
3050:, or
3047:2+3+2
3041:2+2+3
3036:aksak
3011:, or
3000:aksak
2958:3+2+3
2853:beats
2544:aksak
2180:waltz
2111:, or
1769:blues
1571:jotas
1224:blues
1081:three
423:upper
408:lower
261:mixed
152:meter
102:meter
6417:Slur
6282:Rest
6270:stem
6260:beam
6223:flat
6160:Mode
6135:Clef
6037:Tala
5967:Iqa'
5891:Beat
5863:and
5817:ISBN
5575:ISBN
5518:ISBN
5493:ISBN
5463:ISBN
5442:ISBN
5396:ISBN
5323:ISBN
5282:ISBN
5261:ISBN
5240:ISBN
5230:and
5216:ISBN
5208:ISBN
5180:ISBN
5168:ISBN
5156:ISBN
5140:ISBN
5120:ISBN
5085:Tala
4595:or
4393:or
4037:and
4009:and
3965:and
3869:and
3793:and
3717:and
3575:and
3554:Eden
3530:and
3181:'s "
2928:and
2914:two
2813:FREE
2773:and
2448:jazz
2421:'s "
2378:(in
2353:(in
1688:'s "
1579:sega
1567:jigs
1232:funk
1220:rock
1137:four
1079:and
1075:and
1018:bold
961:rock
792:and
742:beat
559:and
421:The
406:The
144:clef
6432:Tie
6130:Bar
5886:Bar
5489:131
5319:144
5298:See
4774:or
4688:or
4332:or
4182:).
4087:bar
4057:'s
3552:'s
3490:".
3305:or
3160:bpm
3056:).
2936:'s
2916:one
2912:one
2908:one
2865:bar
2783:'s
2735:'s
2700:'s
2619:bpm
2446:'s
2440:).
2405:' "
2374:by
2319:'s
2134:'s
2113:odd
1789:'s
1680:'s
1672:'s
1668:",
1382:).
1286:or
1236:pop
1194:or
1145:two
1141:one
1133:one
1077:two
1073:one
978:or
809:all
704:or
685:In
645:or
605:or
427:bar
348:);
336:or
98:bar
6677::
6120:15
5815:.
5699::
5658:–
5627:,
5613:^
5540:,
5491:.
5369:.
5345:.
5321:.
5150:,
5146:;
4757:,
4290:.
4049:.
3987:.
3684:.
3590:.
3583:12
3568:10
3545:.
3538:24
3523:14
3515:,
3464:.
3412:,
3380:.
3313:24
3298:10
3213:.
3044:,
3027:16
3007:,
2906::
2522:("
2503:("
2107:,
2103:,
2099:,
2060:16
2022:,
2010:.
1942:,
1927:,
1868:,
1853:,
1795:.
1597:,
1593:,
1589:,
1585:,
1581:,
1573:,
1569:,
1450:,
1446:,
1442:,
1438:,
1374:,
1362:,
1358:,
1304:,
1238:.
1230:,
1226:,
1222:,
1131::
1071::
1030::
1008:.
879:16
871:,
841:,
826:,
752:.
726:.
719:.
674:,
574::
516:.
486:,
363:;
326:,
311:;
271:.
263:,
259:,
225:,
176:,
154:.
80:,
72:A
6115:8
6091:e
6084:t
6077:v
5853:e
5846:t
5839:v
5825:.
5607:.
5593:.
5526:.
5501:.
5469:.
5448:.
5426:.
5380:.
5355:.
5331:.
5288:.
5267:.
5246:.
5186:.
5062:4
5039:4
5024:4
5016:(
5001:4
4986:4
4978:(
4963:4
4948:4
4940:(
4922:4
4907:4
4892:4
4877:4
4859:8
4844:8
4829:4
4814:4
4799:4
4783:4
4766:4
4749:4
4647:3
4517:3
4462:3
4391:2
4330:2
4271:4
4248:8
4225:4
4202:8
4017:8
4002:8
3973:4
3958:4
3939:4
3907:3
3892:5
3877:3
3862:5
3831:4
3816:6
3801:4
3786:6
3755:4
3740:3
3725:3
3710:4
3677:4
3662:3
3639:5
3635:4
3629:5
3625:1
3615:5
3611:4
3601:5
3508:6
3457:6
3442:4
3373:4
3358:3
3343:3
3328:4
3266:3
3251:2
3236:3
3151:8
2994:3
2990:2
2948:8
2899:8
2878:8
2804:4
2755:.
2720:.
2671:4
2642:4
2610:4
2534:8
2515:8
2496:4
2481:4
2462:4
2433:8
2393:)
2386:4
2361:4
2340:)
2333:8
2325:(
2312:)
2305:4
2297:(
2285:)
2278:8
2270:(
2258:)
2251:4
2218:.
2197:4
2171:8
2146:4
2090:.
2036:.
2003:2
1988:1
1965:1
1950:2
1935:4
1920:8
1891:1
1876:2
1861:4
1846:8
1754:8
1714:)
1707:8
1644:8
1552:8
1493:8
1421:4
1341:4
1278:2
1186:4
1123:8
1101:8
1063:4
1038:4
1001:4
986:2
971:8
909:8
894:4
864:8
849:2
834:4
819:8
800:8
785:4
763:4
712:8
697:8
649:.
628:2
609:.
594:4
567:2
552:4
541:.
509:4
494:4
479:4
460:8
441:4
429:.
386:8
371:4
356:4
340:(
319:2
309:)
301:(
289:4
248:8
233:8
218:8
199:4
184:4
169:4
115:4
52:4
34:.
20:)
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