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ready for deployment on 1 January 1946, manned with ‘volunteering' personnel from within No. 6 Bomber Group. The 'volunteers' would be sought amongst those who had not served overseas, those who had not yet completed their tours, in sorties or hours and actually elected to participate. Their Mk. Xs were to be modified, removing the mid-upper turret and fitting huge "saddle tanks" on top of the fuselage, painted and crewed for an initial six week training programme flying from
Yarmouth. With the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (06/9 August), and Japan's formal surrender on 2 September, No. 428 Squadron received disbandment orders on 5 September 1945.
922:(GCI) tactics. The 'Guns Only' Conventional Pursuit Interception (flying Mark IIIs) was replaced with the Lead Collision Course (LCC) Attack (with 2.75-in Folding-Fin Aerial Rockets). The second stage began with a full night flying program, now with lights out interceptions (with fewer visual clues) and 'Bumping Heads'. The third stage of training saw gunnery practice at an air-to-ground range, both the .50 calibre guns and Mighty Mouse rockets at ranges near Winchester, south of Ottawa or Lac St. Pierre, near Sorel, Quebec. Air to Air (Towed) gunnery was practised on a range 'over' Lake Ontario, near RCAF Station Trenton.
986:, 428 AW(F), Call Sign: Davenport, Squadron Code: HG, saw its share of pilot/navigator loss over its short seven year CF-100 history. The squadron ably equipped with a Canadian two-seat fighter, designed with two powerful engines and an advanced radar and fire control system, was able to fly in all-weather and night conditions, a role considered less glamorous than the task assigned to 'day' fighters. Flying a first rate aircraft, with a good range and payload carrying ability, operating in its all-weather interceptor role, it was second-to-none. Compared to the American
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870:, protecting North American airspace from Soviet intruders and long range bombers. The squadron received eighteen CF-100s, of which a prototype of its first aircraft, the Mark IV, had flown on 11 October 1952. It received its first Mk-4As in June 1954 (i.e. Tail No. 18211/18223), seeing an engine boost in the MK-4Bs it began to receive in February 1955 (i.e. Tail No. 18331/18356) and the big change with the Mk-5s (i.e. Tail No. 18464/18542) it began to receive in March 1956 (losing its guns).
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826:, The Azores, to Gander, Newfoundland and onto Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, making a singular mark on the way. Of 165 Tiger Force Lancasters dispatched, 164 made the crossing, whereas on June 4, 1945, Lancaster KB764 No. 428 Squadron approaching Lagens, having previously lost its port outer engine and then its port inner engine, power completely asymmetric, crashed 3 km (1.9 mi) out to sea. "No trouble was experienced in leaving the aircraft", wrote
886:.50 calibre machine-guns. The Mk4 came with an interchangeable 'ventral pack' to arm with an additional forty-eight 2.75-in 'Mighty Mouse' rockets, replacing the pack (tray) containing the machine-guns. The Squadron's first aircraft became designated as Mk 4As with the introduction of the Mk 4B sub-type having 'Orenda 11' turbojet engines. As 428 Squadron took on charge their Mk 4Bs, some were subsequently moved to
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902:, as No. 2 Service Flying Training School began operations. With the war ending, No.2 SFTS closed on 14 April 1945, the Station became home to Headquarters RCAF Maintenance Command, and when Maintenance Command relocated, in 1947, RCAF association with the site ceased. RCAF flying activities resumed at Uplands, with the re-activation of several WW2 fighter squadrons, they designated again for service in Europe.
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would only be deactivated, and so 428 'Ghost' Squadron was disbanded on 31 May 1961. As the first designated CF-100 squadron to be withdrawn without re-equipping, having no WW2 fighter heritage, it was not identified to receive the new CF-105 or the used
American F-101s. As a precursor to all CF-100
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In its short history there were three
Commanding Officers of 428 AW(F) Squadron W/C E.W.Smith DSO from 04.01.1955 to 26.04.1957, S/L P.F. Greenway from 24.04.1957 to 23.04.1959 and W/C M.F. Doyle from 24.04.1959 to 01.06.1961, who would go on to command 410 AW(F) Squadron and later 1 Cdn Air Group in
1206:
Bull, and its unrefuelled range of 5,400 km. Introduced in 1947, eight hundred and forty-seven Tu-4s being built, they were withdrawn from operational service in the 1960s. In Canada to counter this danger, the Avro CF-100 Canuck was designed (1946–50), built and delivered (1953–1957) to nine
565:
On 7 Nov 1942, he assumed command of No 428 (RCAF) Squadron, standing up the squadron in No. 4 Group. As the OC, it was noted that "Wing
Commander Earle was a grand chap, one who can genuinely be called, 'One of Nature's Gentlemen'. He was well liked by the Canadians and sadly missed when he left on
833:
Tiger Force's No. 6 Group, RCAF / No. 661 (Heavy Bomber) Wing (10 July 1945), to be commanded by Wing
Commander F.R. Sharp, DFC, was to form at RCAF Station Yarmouth in Nova Scotia with No. 419 and No. 428 Squadrons. Beginning reorganization and training on 10 August 1945 'Ghost' Squadron was to be
966:
Given the serious nature of the Cold War, everything that flew into the
Canadian Northern Air Defence Region had to be detected and identified within two minutes by RCAF or USAF Aircraft Control & Warning Squadron personnel. If an aircraft was unknown at two minutes, fighters were scrambled to
925:
Having reached 'FOC' the challenge to an AW(F) Squadron was maintaining 'operational effectiveness' with the constant of change in crews and aircraft. Individual crews, on two week rotations, got evaluated at 'Rocket Camps' run at the RCAF Weapons
Practice Unit (WPU) at RCAF Station Cold Lake, and
561:
in
January 1939, on graduation, he was appointed Command Photographic Officer, HQ Training Command, and then Officer Commanding No. 2 Photographic School (Blackpool). Promoted to wing commander (temporary) in December 1940, he was assigned to the Air Staff, Directorate of Plans, in February 1941.
453:
The eight officers commanding (OCs) of 428 Squadron were: W/C A. Earle (7 November 1942 – 20 February 1943), W/C D. Smith (21 February 1943 – 14 September 1943, POW), W/C W. Suggitt (15 September 1943 – 30 October 1943), W/C D. French (31 October 1943 – 8 May 1944), W/C W. McLeish (9 May 1944 – 7
945:
ON. No.3 ADCC coordinated the operations of No. 31 Aircraft
Control & Warning Squadron (also located at RCAF Station Edgar), No. 32 AC&W Squadron at RCAF Station Foymount ON, No. 33 AC&W Sqn at RCAF Station Falconbridge ON, No. 34 AC&W Sqn at RCAF Station Senneterre QC, and 912
917:
In 1954, standing up a 'new Mark IV' fighter squadron, progressing from an initial operating capability, having received its complement of aircrew, to a full operational capability required a change to a Mark III flying and training model. First, flying practices to confirm that pilot/airborne
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August 1944), W/C A. Hull (8 August 1944 – 1 January 1945), W/C M. Gall (2 January 1945 – 2 June 1945), and W/C C.M. Black (26 July – 5 September 1945). Gall was in charge of returning the squadron to Canada, while Black was tasked with preparing the squadron for employment against Japan.
39:
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W/C E.W. Smith DSO was appointed
Officer Commanding No.428 All-Weather (Fighter) Squadron on 4 January 1955 and served in that post until 26 April 1957, having previously made a transition from heavy bombers and strategic transport aircraft, to jet fighters. Born in
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difficult, partly due to his eyesight not liking the English skies, and partly as he was not a tall man." After only three months, he left 428 Bomber Squadron (RCAF) as an acting group captain on 7 Feb 1943, when he was assigned as the station commander of
333:
For the final phase of the air campaign against Germany, the squadron took part in day and night raids, with its last operational sortie taking place on April 25, 1945, when 15 Lancasters bombed anti-aircraft gun batteries defending the mouth of the
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regular fighter squadrons, and as the Soviet VVS threat changed the Canadian requirement would change. By the late 1950s, the RCAF leadership was anxious to see re-equipping of its Canadian CF-100 squadrons (operating 162 aircraft) with the new
1410:
Douglas, W. A. B., and Wise, S. F., The Official history of the Royal Canadian Air Force, University of Toronto Press, Department of National Defence and the Canadian Government Publishing Centre, Toronto 1980, pp,. 114–115,118,122,789 .
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Assuming re-equipping, with a reduced number of aircraft (100) through the CF-105 Arrow program, the RCAF scheduled the phasing out of its older CF 100 squadrons, less those stationed in Europe. Though, designated first to go
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SMITH, F/L Edward William – Distinguished Service Order – No.424 Squadron – Award 15 March 1945, London Gazette dated 23 March 1945, AFRO 721/45 dated 27 April 1945, and DHist File 181.009 D.2610 (RG.24 Vol.20627) Accessed
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Squadron (USAF) at RCAF Station Ramore ON. Responsive to the Sector Commander, the Fighter Control Operators at No.3 ADCC provided the squadron's 'Ground-Controlled Interception' direction, through the signing of the
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engines, fire control changes with an updated Hughes AN/APG-40 nose-mounted radar, and an armament reconfiguration. This modification brought the addition of twin wing-tip pods, each containing twenty-nine 2.75-in
1937:
Frandsen, Bertram C., The Rise and Fall of Canada's Cold War Air Force, 1948–1968. Dissertation: Doctor of Philosophy (History), Faculty of Arts, Wilfrid Laurier University, 2015, pp. 165,1765,233–236. Accessed
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1116:, on 11 November 1920, he joined the RCAF on 20 July 1940, selected for pilot training, he earned his wings in February 1941 and went overseas in March 1941. He completed two operational tours, first with
805:
By late 1944, the RCAF Overseas leadership became committed to provisional planning of a (very) long-range heavy bomber force being considered for a post-Europe deployment, to the Far East. Code-named
1190:, held in Colombo, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), from 9–14 January 1950. After commanding 428 AW(F) Squadron, he took up command of the relocated No.3 All-Weather (Fighter) Operational Training Unit then at
967:
intercept, to find out why the aircraft could not be identified, to force it to land, or to shoot it down. Receiving interception notification from No.3 ADCC at RCAF Stn Edgar, 428 AW(F) fighters, on
814:, and in its final design assemble two groups, each of eight RAF and RCAF squadrons, to include No. 428 Squadron. Formation orders issued, the designated Canadian squadrons were to re-equip with newer
1232:(Jul 1961) program (acquiring only 56 operational aircraft) would see five all-weather interceptor squadrons, replace the nine all-weather fighter squadrons. They were later reduced to three in 1964.
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KB760 NA:P "P-Peter", from No. 428 Squadron RCAF. The badge for the Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire is visible on the nose. Photo taken after the squadron's 2,000th sortie, a raid on
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Capt(N) (Ret’d) M. Braham and Hugh Spence (Ed.), 6 (RCAF) Group – Bomber Command: 428 (Ghost) Squadron RCAF, The Friends of the Canadian War Museum Research: Paper #13 - Pg 10/19. See:
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in 1929. Coming to specialize in photographic work, having served as Deputy Chief Instructor at the RAF School of Photography (South Farnborough) and as Command Photographic Officer,
938:, it then the backbone of the USAF Strategic Air Command, in their 'Returning to Base', everyone wanting an MA – Mission Accomplished and not the MI – Mission Incomplete designation.
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866:, capable of operating both day and night. 428 All-Weather (Fighter) Squadron was re-activated, as one of nine Canadian based RCAF squadrons, to be operating under the new
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Captain M.E. Waterberg et al.,Biography Edward W. Smith, Tuner Publications, 412 (Transport) Squadron (History), Page 107. Turner Publishing Company, Kentucky, USA 1995.
971:, were airborne within five minutes, when under reduced status 15 minutes, and one hour was permitted. To meet the standard, and when on exercise, squadron aircraft with
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Kostenuk, Samuel, and Griffin, John, fl., RCAF: Squadron Histories and Aircraft, 1924–1968. Samuel Stevens Hakkert & Company, Toronto. 1977, pp. 125,187,231.
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Baglow, Bob, Canucks Unlimited: Royal Canadian Air Force CF-100 Squadrons and Aircraft 1952–1963. Canuck Publications, Ottawa. 1985. pp.3,12,26–27,67,72,98,203.
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http://www.rcaf-arc.forces.gc.ca/en/news-template-standard.page?doc=last-call-for-the-avro-lancaster-from-tiger-force-to-derelict-on-the-alberta-prairie/hspruu8s
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Dave O'Malley, Last call for the Avro Lancaster: From Tiger Force to derelict on the Alberta prairie, News Article, Vintage Wings of Canada March 13, 2014. See:
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designation which was earned through its night bombing operations, as 'Hitler's Haunters' and the death and destruction which it inflicted upon the enemy.
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1178:(DC-4 M1 7518) making the first RCAF round-the-world flight. Covering 43,000 kilometres, it transported the Secretary of State for External Affairs,
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Remaining in the postwar RCAF, he first served with the RCAF Test and Evaluation (Establishment), where he flew the original "Rockcliffe Ice Wagon" (
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As an RCAF Air Defence Command Fighter Squadron, 428 AW(F) was allocated to No.3 ADCC Operational Sector, its Operational Control Centre located at
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During the Second World War, No. 428 Squadron RCAF was awarded several battle honours. These honours are certified by the Canadian Air Force.
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990:, the CF-100 Canuck was considered to be superior in all aspects. The squadron lost six aircrew during flying operations in 1956 and 1960.
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Nanton Lancaster Society, Bomber Command Museum of Canada; No. 6 Group and The Canadian Squadrons: No. 428 (Ghost) Squadron. See:
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Don Nicks, A History of the Air Services in Canada, Post-War Era. CanMilAir Decals, William Burns, London, Ontario. Available at:
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tested the squadron, its Wing and its ADDC Sector.5 A favourite CGI exercise involved simulated combat scrambles against the USAF
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M.B. Barrass, Air of Authority – A History of RAF Organisation: Air Chief Marshal Sir Alfred Earle. Last Updated 22/03/15 See:
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Flight Lieutenant Ron Gadsby, RCAF Press Release PN-353-46, Norman Wells, NWT, April 2, 1946. See: DHH Files 79/453 and 79/454
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nnn where XX was the unit code and nnn was the last 3 digits of the serial number. Unit code was replaced with "RCAF" in 1958
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on 6/7 Jan 1945. The squadron flew its last sortie with the Halifax on June 12, 1944, then converting to the Canadian-built
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2012:
RAF Squadrons: A Comprehensive Record of the Movement and Equipment of all RAF Squadrons and their Antecedents Since 1912
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https://www.friends-amis.org/index.php/en/document-repository/english/research-papers/14-6-rcaf-bomber-group-command/file
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RCAF 428 Ghost Squadron flight suit patch, made by Crest Craft pre 1956. This is the first issue of two similar versions.
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operational 'fighter' flying ending in December 1962, there would be no Canadian CF-105s (Feb 1959) and the alternative
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interceptor integration was retained from No.3 OTU training, and learning the changes in Airborne Interception (AI) and
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XXA where VC was the civil code used by the RCAF replacing CF-, XX was the unit code and A was the aircraft ID letter
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Apprentice (11th Entry). Earle was selected for General Duties (Pilot) Branch commissioning in 1925, then attending
1139:– the first Canadian to pilot a glider above the Arctic Circle. As the first RCAF Exchange Officer to serve in USAF
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With the Cold War had come a perceived threat, to Canada, in the Soviet Air Force (VVS) piston- engine bomber, the
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Bruce Forsyth, Canadian Military History, Closed Bases Ontario: CFB Ottawa (South). Last Updated 3 May 2016, See:
295:(Mk III and Mk X), and its first operational mission was on January 26–27, 1943, when five Wellingtons bombed the
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Duffy, Paul and A. I. Kandalov. Tupolev: The Man and his Aircraft. Warrendale, Pennsylvania: SAE, 1996, Page 98.
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Huntsville Forester, RCAF Station Edgar – A remnant of the Cold War, October 31st, 2006, metrolandmedia. See:
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RCAF Organization Order 16/54, 18 March 1954, Canadian Forces Publication, A-AD-267-000/AF-004 Page 2-170 See:
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304:
82:
1894:
Milberry, Larry, Canada's Air Force at War and Peace: Volume 3. CANAV Books, Toronto. 2001, Pages 141 and 153
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Smith, F/L Edward William, RCAF Association, Heritage, 1914–1945, RCAF Personnel – 1939–1949: ALPHA-SM.1 See:
1113:
537:, in North Devon. At fifteen, leaving Shebbear College, he entered the RAF Aircraft Apprentice Scheme, as an
1947:
RCAF Organization Order 2.7.1, 24 May 1961, Canadian Forces Publication, A-AD-267-000/AF-004 Page 2-170 See:
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Trophy (Team Effort) in 1958. Local, Regional and Continental Exercises in COCKED PISTOL, CRACKER JACK and
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Hugh A. Halliday, Tiger In Waiting, Legion Magazine, Military History: Air Force, January 28, 2015. See:
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2007:
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Dave Humphrey, Legends and Heroes – Behind the Lens, Lulu Enterprises Inc., Raleigh, N.C., 2014. Page 17
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Collided at night with HG 571 while practising lights out interceptions at night, near Val-d'Or, Quebec
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Collided at night with HG 571 while practising lights out interceptions at night, near Val-d'Or, Quebec
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Collided at night with HG 610 while practising lights out interceptions at night, near Val-d'Or, Quebec
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In January 1944, Halifax bombers from No. 428 Squadron participated in the first high-level mining raid
249:
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http://militarybruce.com/abandoned-canadian-military-bases/closed-bases-with-military-presence/ontario/
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Non-standard code as unit using OW added L. Letters normally denoted parent Command, aircraft type (L
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Forgotten Jets: Avro CF-100 Canuck, Amateur Aircraft Research: Last Updated August 17, 2016. See:
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1485:
Jennifer Topham, Newsletter 3: The Risdons of Somerset, Malmesbury, England, January 2004. See:
818:, of the RAF owned FM and KB series. When released from No.6 Group, 428 Squadron journeyed via
2082:
1536:
Harry McLean, Short Bursts: Crewed Up, CATP Museum Inc., Brandon, MB, Canada, July 2007. See:
898:
The RCAF had established a presence at the Uplands (Ottawa) Airport, in August 1940, under the
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where it remained for the remainder of the war. Around this time the squadron was converted to
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587:, late in 1943, then as a temporary group captain. He ended the war as Air Officer Commanding
38:
1723:
http://www.muskokaregion.com/news-story/3597178-rcaf-station-edgar-a-remnant-of-the-cold-war/
346:. No. 428 Squadron RCAF remained in service in the United Kingdom until the end of May 1945.
3534:
1747:
Karl Mesojednik, The Avro Canada – CF 100 Canuck: CF-100 Canuck's in Canadian Service. See:
1712:
RCAF Pilot's Flying Log Book, W/C E.W. Smith, Year 1955, Month/Day Mar 5/6, Apr 29, May 1/12
983:
815:
656:
For operations by aircraft based in the British Isles against targets in Germany, Italy and
492:
285:
1574:
Lancaster's of Tiger Force, CANADA's Contribution to Tiger Force. Updated: June 2008. See:
679:
and the advance into the enemy's homeland, from the start of air action preparatory to the
288:, the squadron was reallocated on January 1, 1943, operating with it until April 25, 1945.
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in Brittany, on the Bay of Biscay. In the early part of June 1943, the squadron moved to
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1864:
L.B. Pearson, Secretary of State for External Affairs, Letter: Ottawa February 11, 1950
1640:
1575:
1164:
1050:
Collided at night with HG 610 while practising lights out interceptions at night, near
775:
700:
661:
433:
327:
315:
172:
1473:
873:
The Mk4 embodied a structural redesign, with the installation of 6,300 lb thrust
533:, the son of Henry Henwood Earle and Mary Winifred Rawle, was born on 11 Dec 1907, at
4563:
2596:
2576:
2571:
2551:
2546:
2454:
2214:
2194:
2189:
2169:
2164:
2097:
1748:
1486:
1216:
1212:
1191:
771:
696:
580:
571:
546:
484:
323:
319:
192:
1155:
Drone Test Flight and the evening B-17 Mother (Drone), on May 14, 1948, supporting '
4471:
4179:
3838:
3032:
2821:
2586:
2536:
2260:
2204:
2149:
1979:
Canucks Unlimited: Royal Canadian Air Force CF-100 Squadrons and Aircraft 1952–1963
1203:
1187:
584:
530:
357:, where it was disbanded on September 5, 1945. 428 Squadron was "sponsored" by the
1734:
John Shupek, Skytamer Images, Whittier, California: Avro Canada CF-100 Mk.4. See:
1627:
2103:
1882:
2695:
2556:
2174:
1276:
1051:
975:
were positioned fuelled and armed, 24 hours a day/seven days a week, in special
968:
883:
819:
354:
230:
1835:
Col. D.W Benner (USAF), ATO at Eniwetok, Letter HQ ATC Washington, 25 May 1948
762:
For bombardment of the German Ports by aircraft of Bomber and Coastal Commands
233:
before being disbanded in September 1945. In 1954 the squadron was reformed as
2581:
2561:
2199:
2179:
2087:
2014:. Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK: Airlife Publishing, 1988 (second edition 2001).
1502:
1219:
Bear (1956) a turboprop bomber, it with an operating range of 15,000 km.
972:
567:
538:
471:
343:
273:
168:
1019:
Starboard wing separated during high-speed low-level pass during air show at
2591:
2209:
1762:
http://rcafassociation.ca/heritage/post-war-data/post-war-casualties-rcafcf/
1461:
http://www.canadianwings.com/Squadrons/squadronDetail.php?No.-428-Squadron-8
1132:
675:
For operations over France, Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany during the
631:
277:
17:
2465:
1961:
1826:
RCAF Pilot's Flying Log Book, W/C E.W. Smith, Year 1948, Month/Day, May 14
926:
their best tested at the Annual WPU 'Rocket Meet' – 428 AW(F) winning the
1949:
http://www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/his/ol-lo/vol-tom-4/doc/h0002.pdf
1615:
http://www.cmp-cpm.forces.gc.ca/dhh-dhp/his/ol-lo/vol-tom-4/doc/h0002.pdf
743:
566:
promotion to group captain in February 1943. He flew two operations from
196:
1537:
361:, a Canadian national women's charitable organization based in Toronto.
191:
Mark X, HE239 'NA-Y', of No. 428 Squadron RCAF. The aircraft was hit by
1760:
RCAF Association, Heritage, Post-War Data: Casualties – RCAF/CF. See:
318:, when mines were dropped by parachute from 15,000 feet (4,570 m) over
300:
164:
1516:
https://www.forces-war-records.co.uk/units/3456/school-of-photography/
1378:
882:
unguided rockets, while retaining its eight electrically feed-boosted
858:
equipped squadron, on June 21, 1954, the squadron was re-activated at
280:, England on November 7, 1942. The squadron was initially assigned to
779:
704:
684:
635:
253:
215:
176:
67:
2058:. London: Macdonald and Jane's (Publishers) Ltd., 2nd edition 1976.
774:
by aircraft of Bomber Command loaned to Coastal Command between the
1654:
http://jfchalifoux.com/rcaf_higher_formations_and_reserve_units.htm
1846:
http://rcafassociation.ca/uploads/airforce/2009/07/ALPHA-SM.1.html
952:
841:
245:
229:, based in Yorkshire. At the end of the war the squadron moved to
182:
159:
119:
4516:
Aircraft administered and serviced by the RCAF but manned by the
1993:
The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force & Commonwealth 1918–1988
1304:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
2667:
2469:
2107:
626:
For ship attack, anti-submarine and mining operations over the
248:: "To the very end") and the squadron's badge contains a white
2612:
Canadian Forces School of Aerospace Technology and Engineering
2241:
51 Aerospace Control and Warning Operational Training Squadron
330:(B. Mark X), the first sortie taking place on June 14, 1944.
1995:. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd., 1988.
1328:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1320:
268:
No. 428 Squadron RCAF was the ninth long-range heavy bomber
1736:
http://www.skytamer.com/Avro_Canada_CF-100_Mk.4_Canuck.html
2029:. Toronto: Samuel Stevens Hakkert & Company, 1977.
1514:
Unit History: (RAF) School of Photography: Post WW2. See:
906:
was first re-formed in September 1951, at Uplands, as was
570:, occupying the astro-dome. He had previously been flying
605:
RAF battle honours § Second World War Battle Honours
1589:
https://legionmagazine.com/en/2015/01/tiger-in-waiting/
1151:, and, later with the USAF, captained both the morning
1036:
RCAF Service No. 37742 Age 26 Duncan, British Columbia
1910:
1908:
1796:
http://www.rwrwalker.ca/RCAF_18601_18650_detailed.html
1780:
http://www.rwrwalker.ca/RCAF_18551_18600_detailed.html
862:
as 428 All-Weather (Fighter) Squadron, stood up as an
645:
For operations against targets in Germany, Italy and
311:(Mk Vs, and later supplemented by Mk II Series IIA).
1641:
http://www.flightontario.com/BCATP/bcatp-schools.htm
1576:
http://www.lancaster-archive.com/lanc_tigerforce.htm
4283:
4156:
4147:
4112:
3826:
3817:
3562:
3530:
3474:
3348:
3341:
3332:
3277:
3246:
3010:
2804:
2718:
2709:
2223:
2142:
1474:
http://www.bombercommandmuseum.ca/squadron_428.html
144:
136:
131:
115:
107:
96:
88:
73:
55:
45:
31:
2301:410 Tactical Fighter Operational Training Squadron
1749:http://canuck.purpleglen.com/canadian_canucks.html
1487:http://math.uww.edu/~mcfarlat/pictures/risdon3.htm
1272:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1258:
850:Mk4A from 428 Ghost Squadron at CFB Borden in 1993
4575:Military units and formations established in 1942
2321:415 Long Range Patrol Force Development Squadron
2027:RCAF: Squadron Histories and Aircraft, 1924–1968
349:By the middle of June the squadron had moved to
1790:
1788:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1628:http://www.millionmonkeytheater.com/CF-100.html
545:, before gaining his permanent commission as a
272:formed overseas during the Second World War at
2056:Bomber Squadrons of the RAF and their Aircraft
1981:. Ottawa, Ontario: Canuck Publications, 1985.
1883:https://books.google.com/books?id=G9TlL8A3SREC
4580:Canadian Article XV squadrons of World War II
2679:
2481:
2119:
2041:Canada's Air Force at War and Peace: Volume 3
1497:
1495:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1425:
359:Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire
8:
3249:
2266:403 Helicopter Operational Training Squadron
1902:. Accessed 10 Jan 2017 (TRL 358.40097 M38.4)
1211:. This was to deal with new threats in the
1188:Commonwealth Conference of Foreign Ministers
2271:404 Long Range Patrol and Training Squadron
1933:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1503:http://www.rafweb.org/Biographies/Earle.htm
4153:
3823:
3345:
3338:
2715:
2686:
2672:
2664:
2488:
2474:
2466:
2281:406 Maritime Operational Training Squadron
2126:
2112:
2104:
2025:Kostenuk, Samuel, and Griffin, John, fl.,
1356:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1346:
1344:
1182:, and the governor-general, Field Marshal
37:
2508:Commander of the Royal Canadian Air Force
2231:21 Aerospace Control and Warning Squadron
1691:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1383:Friends of the Canadian War Museum | FCWM
574:in the Middle East (Iraq), and found the
553:, from February 1938, he was promoted to
1962:http://www.canmilair.com/rcafhistory.htm
1143:, he captained both a 20 and 27 mission
992:
910:, in September 1952, both departing for
623:English Channel and North Sea 1943–1944
611:
456:
368:
237:, before being again disbanded in 1961.
2316:414 Electronic Warfare Support Squadron
1245:
2513:Chief Warrant Officer of the Air Force
900:British Commonwealth Air Training Plan
794:from 8 February 1945 to 24 March 1945
449:Officers commanding and squadron bases
195:fire, while approaching its target at
28:
1639:Flight Ontario, BCATP Schools. See:
1538:http://www.airmuseum.ca/mag/0407.html
1215:Badger A (1954) a jet bomber and the
291:The squadron was first equipped with
256:. The badge refers to the squadron's
227:strategic bombing during World War II
7:
4531:etc), unit, and individual aircraft.
914:in 1953, they flying the F86 Sabre.
2437:
1225:425 'Alouette' Squadron (St Hubert)
1163:at the Pacific Proving Grounds, at
748:establishment of the lodgement area
4570:Royal Canadian Air Force squadrons
1170:In January 1950, he captained the
1103:428 AW(F): the commanding officers
838:428 All-Weather (Fighter) Squadron
235:428 All-Weather (Fighter) Squadron
49:7 November 1942 – 5 September 1945
25:
3475:Unit formation in 1940 - May 1942
2396:442 Transport and Rescue Squadron
2366:435 Transport and Rescue Squadron
2336:424 Transport and Rescue Squadron
2311:413 Transport and Rescue Squadron
894:Ottawa, Ontario, fighter squadron
790:For operations in support of the
4546:
4536:
4285:
4158:
2694:
2448:
2436:
2425:
2424:
2411:450 Tactical Helicopter Squadron
2401:443 Maritime Helicopter Squadron
2381:438 Tactical Helicopter Squadron
2356:430 Tactical Helicopter Squadron
2331:423 Maritime Helicopter Squadron
2291:408 Tactical Helicopter Squadron
2251:400 Tactical Helicopter Squadron
2090:
1309:428 All Weather Fighter Squadron
77:
60:
2346:426 Transport Training Squadron
677:Liberation of North-West Europe
2286:407 Long Range Patrol Squadron
2276:405 Long Range Patrol Squadron
2246:103 Search and Rescue Squadron
2043:. Toronto: CANAV Books, 2001.
920:Ground-Controlled Interception
738:For operations supporting the
730:by aircraft of Bomber Command
718:by aircraft of Bomber Command
1:
2361:433 Tactical Fighter Squadron
2341:425 Tactical Fighter Squadron
2296:409 Tactical Fighter Squadron
2256:401 Tactical Fighter Squadron
2083:428 Squadron RAF history page
810:' it was to operate from the
792:Battle for the Rhine Crossing
672:France and Germany 1944–1945
599:Battle honours: World War Two
422:Handley Page Halifax Mk B.II
240:The motto of the squadron is
199:, Germany on April 8–9, 1943.
32:No. 428 (Ghost) Squadron RCAF
1172:No. 412 (Composite) Squadron
1122:No.424 (Tiger) Squadron RCAF
1118:No.102 (Ceylon) Squadron RAF
634:from the outbreak of war to
543:RAF (Cadet) College Cranwell
520:May 1945 – 5 September 1945
264:No. 428 Bomber Squadron RCAF
2646:Canadian Forces Air Command
2406:444 Combat Support Squadron
2386:439 Combat Support Squadron
2326:417 Combat Support Squadron
1312:Canadian Forces Air Command
801:Disbandment: September 1945
439:June 1944 – September 1945
140:In a shroud, a death's head
4596:
3563:May 1942 - 16 October 1942
1551:"No. 428 Squadron History"
1419:(v. 3) Accessed 15.01.2017
653:Fortress Europe 1943–1944
602:
559:RAF Staff College, Andover
425:November 1943 – June 1944
400:December 1942 – June 1943
92:Bomber/All-Weather Fighter
51:21 June 1954 – 1 June 1961
4513:
2503:
2419:
1333:Vickers Wellington Bomber
1131:) and commanded the RCAF
1041:Bertram Gordon Paul Leon
856:Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck
754:from June to August 1944
479:November 1942 – May 1943
414:June 1943 – January 1944
389:November 1942 – May 1943
36:
4518:Royal Canadian Artillery
3349:1 August 1939 - May 1942
2700:Royal Canadian Air Force
2652:Royal Canadian Air Force
2640:Royal Canadian Air Force
2497:Royal Canadian Air Force
2135:Royal Canadian Air Force
2078:428 Squadron on RCAF.com
1555:Royal Canadian Air Force
1209:Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow
1198:Disbandment: first to go
868:RCAF Air Defense Command
770:For operations over the
695:For operations over the
557:in July 1938. Entering
500:RAF Middleton St. George
397:Vickers Wellington Mk X
305:RAF Middleton St. George
223:Royal Canadian Air Force
83:Royal Canadian Air Force
2622:Canadian Aviation Corps
1338:Retrieved on 2008-01-13
1336:Veterans Affairs Canada
1314:Retrieved on 2008-01-13
1282:Retrieved on 2008-01-13
1073:J. Meryle Lorne McLean
759:German Ports 1943–1945
752:subsequent breakthrough
714:For bombardment of the
692:Biscay Ports 1943–1944
551:HQ RAF Far East Command
284:. With the creation of
137:Squadron Badge heraldry
2391:440 Transport Squadron
2376:437 Transport Squadron
2371:436 Transport Squadron
2351:429 Transport Squadron
2306:412 Transport Squadron
1230:American F-101B Voodoo
1192:RCAF Station Cold Lake
1153:B-17 (Flying Fortress)
1010:Stuart Allan Marshall
988:Northrop F-89 Scorpion
958:
851:
378:Representative serial
309:Handley Page Halifaxes
200:
180:
3827:Operational squadrons
1277:No. 428 Squadron RCAF
1141:Air Transport Command
1059:John Edward McCarthy
1021:Kinross AFB, Michigan
984:operational readiness
956:
936:Boeing B-47 Stratojet
845:
816:Avro Lancaster Mk. Xs
658:Enemy-Occupied Europe
647:Enemy-Occupied Europe
593:RAF Transport Command
513:RCAF Station Yarmouth
507:June 1943 – May 1945
351:RCAF Station Yarmouth
204:No. 428 Squadron RCAF
186:
163:
151:(Nov 1942 – May 1946)
2805:100-series squadrons
2054:Moyes, Philip J. R.
1540:Retrieved 08.02.2016
1518:Retrieved 09.02.2106
1505:Retrieved 09.02.2106
1489:Retrieved 09.02.2016
1476:Retrieved 07.02.2016
1120:, and a second with
1030:Mark V Cold Lake AB
1027:John Peter Nestoruk
977:Quick Reaction Alert
962:Accidents and losses
864:interceptor squadron
860:RCAF Station Uplands
666:Invasion of Normandy
409:Handley Page Halifax
214:, was first a night
4525:Liberator transport
4113:Transport squadrons
1885:Accessed 05.05.2016
1855:Accessed 05.05.2016
1738:Accessed 07.02.2016
1652:JF Chalifoux. See:
1630:Accessed 13.01.2017
1604:Accessed 14.01.2017
1591:Accessed 14.01.2017
1578:Accessed 14.01.2017
1450:Accessed 24.01.2017
1368:Accessed 13.01.2017
1252:Moyes 1976, p. 247.
1176:Canadair North Star
1157:Operation Sandstone
982:In maintaining its
884:Colt AN/M3 Browning
778:on 25 June 1940 to
726:For bombardment of
293:Vickers Wellingtons
270:Article XV squadron
208:428 Bomber Squadron
3278:Post-war squadrons
2719:Pre-WWII Squadrons
2634:Canadian Air Force
2628:Canadian Air Force
2567:12 Wing Shearwater
2185:12 Wing Shearwater
1851:2015-12-23 at the
1184:Viscount Alexander
1147:deployment in the
1087:John Stanley Reid
959:
943:RCAF Station Edgar
852:
848:Avro CF-100 Canuck
830:Elihu Paul Acree.
681:Invasion of France
460:Squadron Base RAF
384:Vickers Wellington
375:Period of service
212:428 Ghost Squadron
201:
189:Vickers Wellington
181:
4557:
4556:
4509:
4508:
4505:
4504:
4143:
4142:
3813:
3812:
3328:
3327:
2661:
2660:
2602:List of Squadrons
2597:22 Wing North Bay
2577:15 Wing Moose Jaw
2572:14 Wing Greenwood
2542:3 Wing Bagotville
2463:
2462:
2455:Canada portal
2236:42 Radar Squadron
2215:22 Wing North Bay
2195:15 Wing Moose Jaw
2190:14 Wing Greenwood
2160:3 Wing Bagotville
2155:2 Wing Bagotville
2064:978-0-354-01027-6
2049:978-0-921022-12-1
2039:Milberry, Larry,
2035:978-0-88866-577-5
2020:978-1-85310-053-6
2001:978-0-85130-164-8
1991:Halley, James J.
1987:978-0-9692246-0-0
1964:Accessed 03.05.16
1951:Accessed 03.05.16
1798:Accessed 02.05.16
1782:Accessed 02.05.16
1764:Accessed 02.05.16
1751:Accessed 03.05.16
1725:Accessed 03.05.16
1703:(TRL 358.43 B115)
1669:Accessed 03.05.16
1656:Accessed 03.05.16
1643:Accessed 03.05.16
1617:Accessed 03.05.16
1463:Accessed 03.05.16
1180:Lester B. Pearson
1100:
1099:
828:Flight Lieutenant
798:
797:
767:Biscay 1940–1945
723:Berlin 1943–1944
683:in April 1944 to
589:No. 300 Group RAF
524:
523:
463:RCAF Designation
446:
445:
365:Aircraft operated
155:
154:
127:"To the very end"
16:(Redirected from
4587:
4550:
4540:
4289:
4162:
4154:
3824:
3346:
3339:
3251:
2716:
2698:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2665:
2587:17 Wing Winnipeg
2552:5 Wing Goose Bay
2547:4 Wing Cold Lake
2525:List of aircraft
2490:
2483:
2476:
2467:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2440:
2439:
2428:
2427:
2205:17 Wing Winnipeg
2170:5 Wing Goose Bay
2165:4 Wing Cold Lake
2128:
2121:
2114:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2094:
2093:
1965:
1958:
1952:
1945:
1939:
1935:
1922:
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1389:
1375:
1369:
1358:
1339:
1330:
1315:
1306:
1283:
1274:
1253:
1250:
1137:Operation MUSKOX
1135:Detachment with
1093:7 December 1960
1079:7 December 1960
1065:7 December 1960
1047:7 December 1960
1033:17 October 1956
993:
618:Additional Info
612:
595:) in Australia.
457:
369:
286:No. 6 Group RCAF
206:, also known as
81:
66:
64:
63:
41:
29:
21:
4595:
4594:
4590:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4585:
4584:
4560:
4559:
4558:
4553:
4552:
4543:
4542:
4533:
4532:
4521:
4501:
4284:1951 - 1958 (XX
4279:
4157:1947 - 1951 (VC
4149:
4139:
4108:
3819:
3809:
3558:
3526:
3470:
3334:
3324:
3273:
3248:
3242:
3012:
3006:
2800:
2711:
2705:
2692:
2662:
2657:
2537:1 Wing Kingston
2499:
2494:
2464:
2459:
2449:
2447:
2415:
2219:
2150:1 Wing Kingston
2138:
2132:
2096:
2091:
2089:
2074:
2069:
1973:
1968:
1959:
1955:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1925:
1913:
1906:
1893:
1889:
1872:
1868:
1863:
1859:
1853:Wayback Machine
1843:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1806:
1802:
1793:
1786:
1777:
1768:
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1509:
1500:
1493:
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1471:
1467:
1458:
1454:
1445:
1441:
1437:Halley, p. 510.
1436:
1423:
1409:
1396:
1387:
1385:
1377:
1376:
1372:
1359:
1342:
1331:
1318:
1307:
1286:
1280:Royal Air Force
1275:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1200:
1159:' – Test Three
1105:
964:
948:NORAD Agreement
908:No.416 Squadron
904:No.439 Squadron
896:
840:
824:Terceira Island
812:Okinawa Islands
803:
740:Allied landings
711:Ruhr 1943–1945
699:Ports from the
628:English Channel
607:
601:
555:squadron leader
451:
442:KB763 (NA – S)
428:JN955 (NA – L)
417:DK237 (NA – L)
403:HL864 (NA – D)
392:ZI719 (NA – P)
367:
322:on 4/5 Jan and
282:No. 4 Group RAF
266:
158:
126:
101:Royal Air Force
61:
59:
50:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4593:
4591:
4583:
4582:
4577:
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3247:WW2 600-series
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3011:WW2 400-series
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2654:(2011–present)
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2582:16 Wing Borden
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2200:16 Wing Borden
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2175:8 Wing Trenton
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2086:
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2080:
2073:
2072:External links
2070:
2068:
2067:
2052:
2037:
2023:
2008:Wing Commander
2004:
1989:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1953:
1940:
1923:
1904:
1887:
1866:
1857:
1837:
1828:
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1800:
1784:
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1705:
1701:978-0969224600
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1234:
1199:
1196:
1165:Eniwetok-Atoll
1149:Berlin Airlift
1145:C-54 Skymaster
1133:Hadrian Glider
1129:RY-3 Liberator
1114:Metis Beach QC
1104:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1090:Mark V 18610
1088:
1084:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1076:Mark V 18610
1074:
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1069:
1066:
1063:
1062:Mark V 18571
1060:
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1044:Mark V 18571
1042:
1038:
1037:
1034:
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1028:
1024:
1023:
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1013:Mark V 18575
1011:
1007:
1006:
1003:
1000:
999:CF-100 Canuck
997:
963:
960:
895:
892:
888:1 Air Division
880:‘Mighty Mouse’
839:
836:
802:
799:
796:
795:
788:
784:
783:
782:on 8 May 1945
776:Fall of France
768:
764:
763:
760:
756:
755:
736:
735:Normandy 1944
732:
731:
724:
720:
719:
712:
708:
707:
701:Fall of France
693:
689:
688:
687:on 8 May 1945
673:
669:
668:
662:Fall of France
654:
650:
649:
643:
639:
638:
624:
620:
619:
616:
600:
597:
572:Fairey Gordons
528:Wing Commander
526:The first OC,
522:
521:
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515:
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508:
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502:
496:
495:
490:
487:
481:
480:
477:
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440:
437:
434:Avro Lancaster
430:
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401:
398:
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390:
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340:Frisian Island
328:Avro Lancaster
265:
262:
242:Usque ad finem
173:Avro Lancaster
156:
153:
152:
146:
145:Squadron Codes
142:
141:
138:
134:
133:
129:
128:
124:Usque ad finem
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2607:
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2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2592:19 Wing Comox
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2562:9 Wing Gander
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2545:
2543:
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2519:
2518:Installations
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2329:
2327:
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2208:
2206:
2203:
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2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2180:9 Wing Gander
2178:
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2171:
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2161:
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2088:
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1977:Baglow, Bob,
1976:
1975:
1970:
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1957:
1954:
1950:
1944:
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1932:
1930:
1928:
1924:
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1900:0-921022-12-3
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1884:
1880:
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1858:
1854:
1850:
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1841:
1838:
1832:
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1823:
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1775:
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1214:
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1210:
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865:
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854:As the fifth
849:
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817:
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769:
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741:
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733:
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725:
722:
721:
717:
713:
710:
709:
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694:
691:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
671:
670:
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663:
659:
655:
652:
651:
648:
644:
641:
640:
637:
633:
629:
625:
622:
621:
617:
614:
613:
610:
606:
598:
596:
594:
590:
586:
583:and then RAF
582:
581:RAF Ridgewell
577:
573:
569:
563:
560:
556:
552:
548:
547:pilot officer
544:
540:
536:
532:
529:
519:
517:No. 661 Wing
516:
514:
511:
510:
506:
503:
501:
498:
497:
494:
491:
488:
486:
485:RAF Dishforth
483:
482:
478:
475:
473:
470:
469:
465:
462:
459:
458:
455:
448:
441:
438:
435:
432:
431:
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424:
421:
420:
416:
413:
410:
407:
406:
402:
399:
396:
395:
391:
388:
385:
382:
381:
377:
374:
371:
370:
364:
362:
360:
356:
352:
347:
345:
341:
337:
331:
329:
325:
324:Saint-Nazaire
321:
317:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
289:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
263:
261:
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251:
247:
243:
238:
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232:
228:
224:
220:
217:
213:
209:
205:
198:
194:
193:anti-aircraft
190:
185:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
157:Military unit
150:
147:
143:
139:
135:
130:
125:
121:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:
80:
76:
72:
69:
58:
54:
48:
44:
40:
35:
30:
27:
19:
4386:
3978:
3818:WW2 Overseas
3162:
2435:
2423:
2261:402 Squadron
2055:
2040:
2026:
2011:
1992:
1978:
1971:Bibliography
1956:
1943:
1890:
1869:
1860:
1840:
1831:
1822:
1813:
1803:
1756:
1743:
1730:
1717:
1708:
1661:
1648:
1635:
1622:
1609:
1596:
1583:
1570:
1558:. Retrieved
1545:
1532:
1523:
1510:
1481:
1468:
1455:
1442:
1386:. Retrieved
1382:
1373:
1248:
1221:
1204:Tupolev Tu-4
1201:
1169:
1126:
1110:
1106:
1016:19 May 1956
981:
969:Alert Status
965:
940:
924:
916:
897:
872:
853:
832:
804:
642:Baltic 1944
608:
585:West Wickham
564:
531:Alfred Earle
525:
452:
348:
332:
313:
290:
267:
257:
250:Death's Head
241:
239:
234:
211:
207:
203:
202:
187:Damage to a
148:
123:
97:Part of
26:
18:428 Squadron
4150:1947 - 1958
2648:(1975–2011)
2642:(1924–1968)
2636:(1920–1924)
2630:(1918–1920)
2624:(1914–1915)
2442:WikiProject
1379:"Resources"
973:alert crews
890:squadrons.
808:Tiger Force
660:, from the
504:No 64 Base
489:No 61 Base
476:No 61 Base
355:Nova Scotia
316:"Gardening"
297:U-Boat base
252:in a black
231:Nova Scotia
225:engaged in
108:Nickname(s)
4564:Categories
3535:Hurricanes
3342:WW2 Canada
3014:Article XV
1938:11.01.2017
1808:28.04.2016
1560:3 February
1417:0802005748
1388:2024-03-27
1366:0888665776
1236:References
603:See also:
576:Wellington
539:RAF Halton
472:RAF Dalton
344:Wangerooge
274:RAF Dalton
179:, Germany.
169:groundcrew
3820:1940-1946
3532:Dartmouth
3252:squadrons
3016:squadrons
2703:squadrons
2224:Squadrons
2006:Jefford,
1186:, to the
1054:, Quebec
979:hangars.
950:in 1958.
932:SKYSHIELD
912:in Europe
716:Ruhr Area
632:North Sea
372:Aircraft
338:, on the
278:Yorkshire
103:1942–1945
4148:Post-WW2
3333:Squadron
2710:Squadron
2608:Training
2430:Category
1849:Archived
1052:Val-d'Or
1005:Details
928:MacBrien
875:Orenda 9
750:and the
744:Normandy
535:Shebbear
493:May 1943
219:squadron
197:Duisburg
132:Insignia
116:Motto(s)
2712:numbers
2618:History
1881:. See:
1161:'Zebra'
664:to the
436:Mk B.X
411:Mk B.V
386:Mk III
301:Lorient
221:of the
165:Aircrew
56:Country
4529:Dakota
3554:1 or 2
3549:1 or 2
3544:1 or 2
2062:
2047:
2033:
2018:
2010:C. G.
1999:
1985:
1918:
1898:
1877:
1699:
1459:See:
1415:
1364:
1108:1970.
996:Pilot
787:Rhine
780:VE Day
746:, the
728:Berlin
705:VE Day
685:VE Day
636:VE Day
615:Award
568:Dalton
254:shroud
216:bomber
210:, and
177:Bremen
74:Branch
68:Canada
65:
46:Active
3335:codes
2532:Wings
2143:Wings
2137:units
1794:See:
1778:See:
1241:Notes
1002:Date
822:, on
820:Lajes
466:Date
336:Weser
320:Brest
258:Ghost
246:Latin
120:Latin
111:Ghost
4527:, D
4290:nnn)
4163:XXA)
3537:1942
2060:ISBN
2045:ISBN
2031:ISBN
2016:ISBN
1997:ISBN
1983:ISBN
1916:ISBN
1896:ISBN
1875:ISBN
1697:ISBN
1562:2016
1413:ISBN
1362:ISBN
1174:C-5
630:and
167:and
89:Role
4135:ODO
4130:ODN
4125:ODM
4120:OWL
3320:450
3315:449
3310:448
3305:447
3300:446
3295:445
3290:444
3285:103
3269:666
3264:665
3259:664
3250:AOP
3238:443
3233:442
3228:441
3223:440
3218:439
3213:438
3208:437
3203:436
3198:435
3193:434
3188:433
3183:432
3178:431
3173:430
3168:429
3163:428
3158:427
3153:426
3148:425
3143:424
3138:423
3133:422
3128:421
3123:420
3118:419
3113:418
3108:417
3103:416
3098:415
3093:414
3088:413
3083:412
3078:411
3073:410
3068:409
3063:408
3058:407
3053:406
3048:405
3043:404
3038:403
3033:402
3028:401
3023:400
3002:170
2997:168
2992:167
2987:166
2982:165
2977:164
2972:163
2967:162
2962:161
2957:160
2952:149
2947:147
2942:145
2937:135
2932:134
2927:133
2922:132
2917:131
2912:130
2907:129
2902:128
2897:127
2892:126
2887:125
2882:124
2877:123
2872:122
2867:121
2862:120
2857:119
2852:118
2847:117
2842:116
2837:115
2832:114
2827:113
2822:112
2817:111
2812:110
846:An
742:in
703:to
353:in
342:of
299:at
276:in
171:of
4566::
4545:XX
4535:VC
4497:XV
4492:XK
4487:VN
4482:UD
4477:TF
4472:SV
4467:SP
4462:SA
4457:RX
4452:QT
4447:QP
4442:PR
4437:PF
4432:NQ
4427:MN
4422:LP
4417:KH
4412:KE
4407:JW
4402:JF
4397:IG
4392:HO
4387:HG
4382:GW
4377:FG
4372:DL
4367:BV
4362:BU
4357:BT
4352:BR
4347:BQ
4342:BH
4337:BB
4332:BA
4327:AX
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4312:AP
4307:AN
4302:AM
4297:AF
4275:XV
4270:BU
4265:BQ
4260:BN
4255:BC
4250:BA
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4240:AW
4235:AU
4230:AT
4225:AQ
4220:AP
4215:AO
4210:AN
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4200:AK
4195:AH
4190:AG
4185:AD
4180:AC
4175:AB
4170:AA
4104:Z2
4099:ZU
4094:ZL
4089:YZ
4084:YO
4079:YI
4074:WL
4069:VZ
4064:VR
4059:TH
4054:SW
4049:SP
4044:SE
4039:RV
4034:RU
4029:RR
4024:RA
4019:QY
4014:QO
4009:QL
4004:QB
3999:PT
3994:OW
3989:NH
3984:ND
3979:NA
3974:LQ
3969:KW
3964:KP
3959:KH
3954:9G
3949:I8
3944:HU
3939:G9
3934:GX
3929:6U
3924:F3
3919:FD
3914:5V
3909:EQ
3904:EE
3899:DN
3894:DH
3889:DG
3884:DB
3879:CI
3874:2I
3869:BX
3864:BM
3859:AW
3854:AU
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3839:AE
3834:AB
3805:ZR
3800:ZM
3795:YZ
3790:YH
3785:YA
3780:XY
3775:XP
3770:VW
3765:VD
3760:UY
3755:UV
3750:TN
3745:TF
3740:SZ
3735:RS
3730:RA
3725:QG
3720:PQ
3715:NO
3710:MR
3705:MK
3700:MA
3695:LZ
3690:LV
3685:LR
3680:LM
3675:KL
3670:JK
3665:HJ
3660:HA
3655:GR
3650:GA
3645:FN
3640:FG
3635:ET
3630:EN
3625:ED
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3615:DZ
3610:DE
3605:BV
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3466:ZD
3461:YO
3456:XO
3451:XE
3446:TM
3441:RE
3436:QN
3431:PB
3426:OY
3421:OP
3416:NA
3411:MX
3406:LT
3401:KO
3396:KA
3391:JY
3386:FY
3381:FD
3376:EX
3371:DM
3366:BT
3361:BK
3356:AY
2796:18
2791:14
2786:13
2781:12
2776:11
2771:10
1926:^
1907:^
1787:^
1769:^
1674:^
1553:.
1494:^
1424:^
1397:^
1381:.
1343:^
1319:^
1287:^
1257:^
1194:.
1167:.
1124:.
149:NA
122::
4520:.
2766:9
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2726:1
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2120:t
2113:v
2066:.
2051:.
2022:.
2003:.
1564:.
1391:.
806:'
591:(
244:(
20:)
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