Knowledge (XXG)

Archipelago Division

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that Greek forces could pursue them to 1–1.5 km, on 28 September to the freedom to make minor and local advances to improve their tactical position, and on 16 October to pursue Turkish forces up to 3 km from the demarcation line. A final demarcation line was determined by the Allied leaders in November 1919, with Greek forces advancing to the new positions on 3 November. During this period, the Archipelago Division had only to contend with low-level activity by irregular forces, which cost it 2 killed and 15 wounded soldiers.
68: 1205: 297:. Its core were men already serving in the islands, as well as the classes of 1915 and 1916; this proved insufficient to complete recruitment, and in March 1917 eight older classes were mobilized to fill the division's ranks. Further difficulties were encountered due to the lack of weapons and qualified NCOs, leading to the establishment of an NCO training centre in 301:. The division comprised three infantry regiments (originally the 7th, 8th, and 9th, but in late 1916 renumbered 4th, 5th, and 6th respectively) and support services. The 4th Archipelago Regiment (4ο Σύνταγμα Ἀρχιπελάγους) with two battalions was headquartered at Lesbos, the 5th Archipelago Regiment (5ο Σύνταγμα Ἀρχιπελάγους) with one battalion at Lesbos and one at 608:
At the same time, the Allies strictly forbade the Greek troops to advance beyond the area already occupied, unless with prior Allied consent. As this allowed the Turks to launch raids against the Greek lines and then retreat with impunity behind the demarcation line, this was modified on 29 August so
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under the division's former commander, Lt. General Ioannou. The division's sector remained relatively calm, except for occasional firefights and artillery shots during December, with almost complete quiet in the early months of 1920. In March–May 1920, the division suffered 14 dead and 21 wounded.
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there, and the 5th Regiment followed later in the month. The Greek occupation immediately faced armed resistance by irregular forces, and was hampered due to political considerations: as the Smyrna Zone was still officially Ottoman territory, Turkish officials remained in place, censorship was not
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imposed, and even the disarming of the civilian population (including demobilized Ottoman soldiers) was prohibited by the Allies. The rapid growth of organized resistance emerged into the open with the events of the
380:: one each of the battalions were attached to the French division's regiments to gradually accustom them to front conditions. By July, the division held its own continuous front sector. In August 1917, Lt. Colonel 1454: 1813: 489:
in September 1918, the 1st Group of Divisions was assigned a supporting role, connecting the two main prongs of the Allied attack, while pinning down its opposing forces through an attack along the
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Following its victory at Skra, the Archipelago Division was withdrawn to the village of Karpi near Goumenissa on 20 May for rest. On 10 July it replaced the Crete Division at the front in the
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The problems faced by the Greek forces in Asia Minor resulted in a first wave of reinforcements, including the rest of the Arcipelago Division. On 18 June 1919 Colonel (later Major General)
1447: 1440: 305:, and the 6th Archipelago Regiment (6ο Σύνταγμα Ἀρχιπελάγους) at Samos, with one battalion at Chios. Its first commander was Colonel (later Major General and Lt. General) 600:. In late July 1919, the Archipelago Division numbered on paper 340 officers and 8,421 other ranks, of which about 9.5% were missing or otherwise not available. 1320: 462:), took the brunt of the attack on the fortified positions of Skra on 16–18 May 1918, aided on its flanks by attacks from the Crete and Serres divisions. 1463: 251: 1788: 547:
on 9 November, and to eastern Macedonia in December. In October–November 1918, the division was commanded by Colonel Manganaras, before Major General
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During its front-line service from 1917 to 1920, the division suffered 139 officers killed or wounded, and 3,695 other ranks killed or wounded.
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as the third divisional regiment, since the 4th Archipelago Regiment remained in southern Greece assigned to internal security duties.
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in April. From 1 May on, it began its move to the front, and by 18 May 1917 the division had assembled around the village of
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assumed command of the division, which now held the northernmost part of the Greek occupation zone around Bergama and
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As its name signifies, the Archipelago Division (Μεραρχία Ἀρχιπελάγους) was recruited in the Aegean islands, chiefly
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on 16 February 1923 (which became 1 March). All dates prior to that, unless specifically denoted, are
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decorates the battle flag of the 5th Archipelago Regiment in 1918, with the divisional commander
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describes life on the Macedonian front based on the author's own experiences with the division.
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The Archipelago Division remained in eastern Macedonia until May 1919, when it was shipped to
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Concise History of the Hellenic Army's Participation in the First World War 1914–1918
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area as a reserve of the Allied commander-in-chief. From there the division moved to
517: 151: 73: 752: 750: 748: 746: 650: 585:, necessitating the dispatch of the 5th and 6th Archipelago Regiments to recapture 532: 494: 348: 169: 1482: 677:, and on 24 December the division was renamed from its "Venizelist" name to the 569: 225: 101: 1204: 1747: 1477: 597: 565: 413: 409: 352: 1809:
Military units and formations of Greece in the Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)
1190: 1179:Μεγάλη Στρατιωτικὴ καὶ Ναυτικὴ Ἐγκυκλοπαιδεία. Tόμος Τρίτος: Δαβατηνός–Ἰωσήφ 713: 654: 536: 372:
From 24 May, the division's battalions began occupying front sectors in the
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to be recruited in the areas controlled by the National Defence government (
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The division held this sector until May 1918, when it participated in the
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On 12 December, as the Greek forces in Asia Minor were grouped into the
450:. The Archipelago Division with its 5th and 6th regiments (Lt. Colonels 343:
After training was completed in March 1917, the division was ferried to
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gorge. The Archipelago Division was tasked with supporting the French
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divisions as well as irregulars, was estimated at around 10,000 men.
572:. The 6th Archipelago Regiment was sent in early May, soon after the 490: 424:, these formed the "National Defence Army Corps" under Major General 302: 290: 221: 50: 1183:
Great Military and Naval Encyclopaedia. Volume III: Davatinos–Joseph
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respectively), reinforced with the 1st Serres Regiment (Lt. Colonel
955: 943: 931: 919: 907: 895: 883: 868: 856: 811: 756: 737: 725: 1173:] (in Greek). Athens: Hellenic Army History Directorate. 1993. 1161:] (in Greek). Athens: Hellenic Army History Directorate. 1967. 658: 391: 294: 286: 271: 179: 1436: 1201: 1155:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς εἰς Μικράν Ἀσίαν Ἐκστρατείας 1919-1922 316:
Among the men recruited into the division was the writer
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The division began being raised in September 1916 by the
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Following the victory of the royalist opposition in the
661:, establishing defensive positions east of the latter. 266:. Initial planning called for the establishment of four 1159:
Concise History of the Campaign in Asia Minor 1919–1922
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Military units and formations of Greece in World War I
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area, where it took over a front sector adjoining the
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sector, again under the 1st Group of Divisions under
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Military units and formations disestablished in 1920
946:, pp. 266–267, 269, 271–272, 273, 276, 279–280. 616:, the division became part of the newly constituted 1730: 1660: 1506: 1470: 1389: 1216: 673:, on 10 November Tseroulis was replaced by Colonel 211: 150: 97: 89: 79: 61: 44: 36: 29: 1799:Military units and formations established in 1916 560:Piecemeal arrival and first operations at Bergama 408:On 20 October the division was moved east to the 359:area, and placed under the command of the French 1139:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 1127:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 1115:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 1103:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 1091:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 1079:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 1067:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 1055:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 1043:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 1031:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 1019:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 1004:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 992:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 980:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 968:Ἐπίτομος ἱστορία τῆς Μικρασιατικῆς Ἐκστρατείας 1448: 800:Μεγάλη Στρατιωτικὴ καὶ Ναυτικὴ Ἐγκυκλοπαιδεία 621:The opposing Turkish forces, elements of the 8: 384:took over as the division's chief of staff. 369:and the use of mortars, handgrenades, etc. 527:on 16 September, the division assembled at 1464:Provisional Government of National Defence 1455: 1441: 1433: 1198: 252:Provisional Government of National Defence 604:On occupation duty, July 1919 – May 1920 956:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 944:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 932:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 920:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 908:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 896:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 884:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 869:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 857:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 812:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 757:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 738:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 726:Επίτομη ιστορία συμμετοχής στον Α′ Π.Π. 697: 376:area, under the control of the French 26: 7: 568:to take up occupation duties in the 365:. There the division was trained in 481:Vardar Offensive and end of the war 339:First front deployment at Monastir 25: 834:Into the Heart of European Poetry 1789:1920 disestablishments in Greece 1763:Accession of Alexander of Greece 1203: 549:Periklis Pierrakos-Mavromichalis 66: 49: 836:. Routledge. pp. 148–149. 671:1920 Greek legislative election 499:16th Colonial Infantry Division 471:Philippe Henri Joseph d'Anselme 132:Greco-Turkish War of 1919-1922 40:September 1916 – November 1920 1: 1784:1916 establishments in Greece 1758:French occupation of Thessaly 473:. The division took over the 420:to its right. Along with the 1794:Infantry divisions of Greece 1738:National Defence coup d'état 531:on 23 September and then at 254:, as part of its efforts to 228:and the early stages of the 1562:Alexandros Mazarakis-Ainian 328:Macedonian front, 1917–1918 212: 1835: 1700:Armée d'Orient (1915–1919) 439:, commander of the French 396:Allied commander-in-chief 331: 258:for service alongside the 239: 1695:Allied Army of the Orient 201: 1668:Army of National Defence 1552:Leonidas Paraskevopoulos 1178: 704:Note: Greece officially 641:, the division captured 633:Summer offensive of 1920 398:Louis Franchet d'Espérey 382:Achilleas Protosyngellos 18:4th Archipelago Regiment 1642:Andreas Michalakopoulos 574:Greek landing at Smyrna 456:Konstantinos Exarchakis 448:Battle of Skra-di-Legen 441:122nd Infantry Division 320:, whose anti-war novel 313:as his chief of staff. 213:Merarchia Archipelagous 112:Battle of Skra-di-Legen 1647:Konstantinos Angelakis 1622:Themistoklis Sophoulis 1612:Ptolemaios Sarigiannis 1577:Nikolaos Christodoulou 475:29th Infantry Regiment 430:Auguste Clément Gérôme 405: 378:57th Infantry Division 1753:Anathema to Venizelos 1722:Democratic Battalions 1715:Macedonian Mule Corps 1710:British Salonika Army 1602:Neokosmos Grigoriadis 1597:Aristeidis Moraitinis 1557:Emmanouil Zymvrakakis 1517:Eleftherios Venizelos 1493:Anti-German sentiment 824:Taylor, John (2017). 679:7th Infantry Division 675:Polychronis Karakalos 639:1920 summer offensive 594:Charalambos Tseroulis 578:1st Infantry Division 555:Asia Minor, 1919–1920 525:Armistice of Salonica 426:Emmanouil Zymvrakakis 395: 332:Further information: 311:Dimitrios Katheniotis 242:Greece in World War I 240:Further information: 202:Μεραρχία Ἀρχιπελάγους 143:1920 summer offensive 32:Μεραρχία Ἀρχιπελάγους 1678:Archipelago Division 1587:Konstantinos Manetas 1527:Pavlos Kountouriotis 1471:Ideas & Policies 922:, pp. 221, 238. 830:(Stratis Myrivilis)" 814:, pp. 118, 315. 452:Efthymios Tsimikalis 194:Archipelago Division 122:Battle of Dobro Pole 30:Archipelago Division 1632:Georgios Papandreou 1572:Evripidis Bakirtzis 1381:Cyprus ('Menelaos') 958:, pp. 286–289. 934:, pp. 243–246. 910:, pp. 220–221. 898:, pp. 210–219. 826:"A Bayeux Tapestry 728:, pp. 117–118. 309:, with Lt. Colonel 256:create its own army 230:Asia Minor Campaign 152:Battle honours 1690:Cretan Gendarmerie 1637:Leonidas Embirikos 1547:Theodoros Pangalos 1542:Nikolaos Plastiras 1522:Panagiotis Danglis 1397:3rd Special Forces 1336:Continental Greece 1117:, pp. 41, 46. 1105:, pp. 38, 41. 710:Gregorian calendar 614:Army of Asia Minor 406: 268:infantry divisions 1771: 1770: 1652:Alexandros Zannas 1592:Theodoros Manetas 1582:Dimitrios Ioannou 1567:Dimitrios Psarros 1537:Georgios Kondylis 1430: 1429: 1208:Divisions of the 1093:, pp. 36–37. 994:, pp. 25–26. 843:978-1-3515-1162-9 618:Smyrna Army Corps 583:Battle of Bergama 576:, to augment the 460:Georgios Kondylis 402:Dimitrios Ioannou 318:Stratis Myrivilis 307:Dimitrios Ioannou 218:infantry division 210: 187: 186: 138:Battle of Bergama 56:Kingdom of Greece 16:(Redirected from 1826: 1819:Macedonian front 1661:Military support 1627:Nikolaos Politis 1457: 1450: 1443: 1434: 1207: 1199: 1194: 1174: 1162: 1142: 1136: 1130: 1124: 1118: 1112: 1106: 1100: 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1787: 1785: 1782: 1781: 1779: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1746: 1744: 1741: 1739: 1736: 1735: 1733: 1729: 1723: 1720: 1716: 1713: 1711: 1708: 1706: 1703: 1701: 1698: 1697: 1696: 1693: 1691: 1688: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1670: 1669: 1666: 1665: 1663: 1659: 1653: 1650: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1633: 1630: 1628: 1625: 1623: 1620: 1617: 1616: 1613: 1610: 1608: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1532: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1512: 1511: 1509: 1505: 1499: 1498:Greece in WWI 1496: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1481: 1479: 1476: 1475: 1473: 1469: 1465: 1458: 1453: 1451: 1446: 1444: 1439: 1438: 1435: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1412:20th Armoured 1410: 1408: 1405: 1403: 1400: 1398: 1395: 1394: 1392: 1388: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1367: 1364: 1362: 1359: 1357: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1342: 1339: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1304: 1302: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1267: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1257: 1254: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1223: 1221: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1210:Hellenic Army 1206: 1200: 1192: 1188: 1184: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1151: 1147: 1141:, p. 47. 1140: 1135: 1132: 1129:, p. 46. 1128: 1123: 1120: 1116: 1111: 1108: 1104: 1099: 1096: 1092: 1087: 1084: 1081:, p. 35. 1080: 1075: 1072: 1069:, p. 34. 1068: 1063: 1060: 1057:, p. 30. 1056: 1051: 1048: 1045:, p. 31. 1044: 1039: 1036: 1033:, p. 29. 1032: 1027: 1024: 1020: 1015: 1013: 1009: 1006:, p. 28. 1005: 1000: 997: 993: 988: 985: 982:, p. 24. 981: 976: 973: 970:, p. 23. 969: 964: 961: 957: 952: 949: 945: 940: 937: 933: 928: 925: 921: 916: 913: 909: 904: 901: 897: 892: 889: 885: 880: 878: 874: 870: 865: 862: 858: 853: 850: 845: 839: 835: 831: 829: 820: 817: 813: 808: 805: 801: 796: 794: 792: 790: 788: 786: 784: 782: 780: 778: 776: 774: 772: 770: 768: 766: 762: 758: 753: 751: 749: 747: 743: 739: 734: 731: 727: 722: 719: 715: 711: 707: 701: 698: 692: 690: 684: 682: 680: 676: 672: 664: 662: 660: 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 632: 630: 628: 624: 619: 615: 610: 603: 601: 599: 595: 590: 588: 584: 579: 575: 571: 567: 559: 554: 552: 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 521: 519: 515: 511: 505: 500: 496: 492: 488: 480: 478: 476: 472: 468: 463: 461: 457: 453: 449: 444: 442: 436: 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 411: 403: 399: 394: 387: 385: 383: 379: 375: 370: 368: 364: 363: 358: 354: 350: 346: 338: 335: 327: 325: 323: 319: 314: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 292: 288: 283: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 257: 253: 247: 243: 236:Establishment 235: 233: 231: 227: 223: 219: 214: 208: 199: 195: 189:Military unit 181: 178: 176: 173: 171: 168: 166: 163: 161: 158: 157: 155: 153: 149: 144: 141: 139: 136: 135: 134: 133: 123: 120: 119: 118: 115: 113: 110: 109: 108: 105: 104: 103: 100: 96: 92: 88: 85: 82: 78: 75: 74:Hellenic Army 64: 60: 57: 52: 47: 43: 39: 35: 28: 19: 1677: 1619:Politicians: 1618: 1533: 1514:Triumvirate: 1513: 1402:9th Armoured 1330: 1182: 1170: 1166: 1158: 1154: 1134: 1122: 1110: 1098: 1086: 1074: 1062: 1050: 1038: 1026: 999: 987: 975: 963: 951: 939: 927: 915: 903: 891: 864: 852: 833: 828:à la grecque 827: 819: 807: 733: 721: 700: 688: 668: 636: 611: 607: 591: 563: 533:Tsarevo Selo 522: 495:Demir Kapija 484: 464: 445: 407: 371: 360: 349:Thessaloniki 342: 321: 315: 284: 249: 193: 191: 156:Capture of: 130: 1488:Pro-Entente 1483:Megali Idea 1361:Peloponnese 1346:Independent 1331:Archipelago 637:During the 589:on 7 June. 570:Smyrna Zone 502: [ 485:During the 433: [ 404:to his left 226:World War I 102:World War I 98:Engagements 1778:Categories 1748:Noemvriana 1478:Venizelism 1326:Adrianople 693:References 685:Casualties 566:Asia Minor 541:Axioupolis 518:Plačkovica 414:Goumenissa 410:Polykastro 353:Kladorachi 1534:Officers: 714:Old Style 655:Balikesir 537:Gevgelija 467:Loumnitsa 280:Macedonia 216:) was an 207:romanized 175:Balikesir 1356:Magnesia 1351:Kydoniai 1218:Infantry 1191:31255024 665:Renaming 647:Kırkağaç 545:Langadas 514:Strumica 510:Davidovo 508:towards 374:Monastir 299:Mytilini 165:Kırkağaç 93:Division 84:infantry 1422:Support 1417:Cavalry 1321:98 ADTE 1148:Sources 706:adopted 643:Akhisar 598:Ayvalık 587:Bergama 357:Florina 355:in the 262:on the 209::  160:Akhisar 45:Country 1731:Events 1507:People 1376:Xanthi 1371:Smyrna 1366:Serres 1189:  840:  657:, and 529:Kočani 491:Vardar 345:Toumba 303:Lemnos 293:, and 291:Lesbos 278:, and 274:, the 260:Allies 222:Greece 71:  62:Branch 37:Active 1390:Other 1341:Crete 1181:[ 1169:[ 1157:[ 659:Bursa 506:] 437:] 295:Samos 287:Chios 272:Crete 198:Greek 180:Bursa 1316:20th 1311:18th 1306:17th 1301:16th 1296:15th 1291:14th 1286:13th 1281:12th 1276:11th 1271:10th 1187:OCLC 838:ISBN 708:the 651:Soma 627:61st 625:and 623:56th 454:and 244:and 192:The 170:Soma 90:Size 80:Type 1266:9th 1261:8th 1256:7th 1251:6th 1246:5th 1241:4th 1236:3rd 1231:2nd 1226:1st 520:. 516:to 443:. 347:in 282:). 224:in 220:of 1780:: 1011:^ 876:^ 832:. 764:^ 745:^ 681:. 653:, 649:, 645:, 551:. 504:fr 435:fr 289:, 232:. 204:, 200:: 1456:e 1449:t 1442:v 1193:. 846:. 716:. 539:– 412:– 196:( 20:)

Index

4th Archipelago Regiment
Greece
Kingdom of Greece
Hellenic Army
infantry
World War I
Macedonian front
Battle of Skra-di-Legen
Vardar Offensive
Battle of Dobro Pole
Greco-Turkish War of 1919-1922
Battle of Bergama
1920 summer offensive
Battle honours
Akhisar
Kırkağaç
Soma
Balikesir
Bursa
Greek
romanized
infantry division
Greece
World War I
Asia Minor Campaign
Greece in World War I
National Schism
Provisional Government of National Defence
create its own army
Allies

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