166:, or Commentary on Genesis C. These fragments are not extensive, but they seem to offer interpretations of blessings and curses. The content of the fragments covers the curse on Canaan, the grandson of Noah from Genesis 9:24–25; the events leading up to the binding of Isaac in Gen. 22:5–7; the blessing of Judah from Gen. 49:8–12; a commentary on the 'two anointed ones' possibly from Zechariah 4:14 or perhaps part of the blessing on Judah in Gen 49:8–12; Jacob's prophecy concerning Issachar and Dan in Gen. 49:15–17; and Jacob's prophecy concerning Joseph from Gen. 49:22–25.
133:(Commentary on Genesis B) consists of three fragments that were found in cave four at the Qumran site. The first fragment mentions the Ark of the Covenant and may deal with Noah and the flood, but the sense of the comments is far from clear. The second fragment is said to be associated with Jacob and his cultic activities. Fragment three cannot actually be placed specifically in relation to the Genesis text, however, it speaks of Belial – the traditional name for Satan in Jewish apocalyptic writings.
174:
The overall preservation as well as palaeographic and orthographic evidence shows the likelihood that these fragments really do belong together. They were all written in early
Herodian formal hand. In fact, all 17 fragments appear to have the same scribal hand. Several of the scribe's letters (their
74:
Genesis. The six fragment hold an almost complete scroll on which was only written on one piece of parchment. For almost a decade two of the fragments was believed to be 4Q Patriarchal
Blessings but J. T. Milik realized that those two fragments belonged with others as part of a single composition.
266:
The principal reason for distinguishing these three fragments from 4Q254 is the distinctive shape of some of the letters. The features of these letters were developed and more commonly used in the
Herodian formal hand. These differences in the formating of the letters show that it was a different
73:
or 4QCommentary on
Genesis A, as it was called by the final editor George Brooke, is dated using a paleographical method back to the early Herodian era or the latter half of 1st century BCE. 4Q252 contains six fragments that hold most of the six column commentary or pesher of certain passages on
238:
The fourth manuscript in this group, also known as 4QCommentary on
Genesis D or pGen IVa, is extant in three fragments in a developed Herodian formal hand. In fragments 1–2 there is a description of the measurements of Noah's ark, partly citing Genesis 6.15 . Fragment 3 is concerned with Noah's
254:
Fragment 3 is two pieces attached together measuring a total of 6.6 cm x 5.0 cm. Its lower right corner and far left edge are dark brown, the rest being tan. An upper margin of 1.9 cm is preserved and ruled guidelines as well as a ruled left margin are visible.
229:
The fragments range from pale tan, to light brown, to a dark brown in color. Several fragments contain damage likely caused by worms, and some seem to preserve traces of ink on the reverse as if those scrolls were wound very tightly in years gone by.
141:
The fragments are quite small in size and show the very bottom of columns on a commentary of
Genesis. Unfortunately, due to the poor state of the fragments, scholars are unable to determine the size of what the full manuscript would have been.
247:
Fragment 1 is 3.8 cm x 3.2 cm, the left hand edge is very dark brown and can be read with the assistance of infrared photography. The rest of the fragment is tan colour and there is no visible ruling showing
111:
Column I and II lines 1–7 mostly retell and expand slightly the story of Noah and the flood from
Genesis 6–9. In this portion, the author was mostly concerned with including more dating details than appear in Genesis.
115:
Column II lines 8–14 and all of column III focus on the story of
Abraham, including the judgement on Sodom and Gomorrah and the binding of Isaac. Column III is especially fragmentary, with several blanks.
58:. The most extensive of the manuscripts is 4Q252 which contains 6 fragments. They date from mid 1st century BCE (Hasmonean period) to late 1st century CE (Herodian period). They are all written in
154:
The fragments are almost certainly recognized to have been written by the same scribe due to the type of writing – a formal script from the late
Hasmonaean to the early Herodian period.
798:
1624:
421:
1169:
291:
1699:
706:
1714:
370:
Brooke, George; Collins, John; Elgvin, Torleif; Flint, Peter; Greenfield, Jonas; Larson, Erik; Newsom, Carol; Puech, Emile; Schiffman, Lawrence H. (2003).
510:
1704:
1248:
1678:
874:
869:
1619:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
51:
1173:
456:
175:
formation consistently throughout all the fragments) suggests a transition from the late
Hasmonaean to the early Herodian formal hand.
1614:
927:
404:
122:
Column IV covers Jacob's blessing of Reuben. The author's comment on Jacob's blessing is an exclusively negative portrayal of Reuben.
1153:
743:
1199:
379:
339:
251:
Fragment 2 is 1.7 cm x 1.4 cm. On this fragment both the left and the right edges are very dark brown the rest being tan.
1038:
768:
1427:
773:
503:
1376:
1241:
734:
729:
651:
758:
82:
Due to the difference in the decomposition of the scrolls the actual size of the scrolls slightly decreases over time
1282:
1709:
1465:
496:
1662:
1234:
1058:
1048:
957:
947:
753:
476:
Edited by J. H. Charlesworth, H. Lichtenberger, and G. S. Oegema. Tübingen: J.C.B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), 1998.
1657:
1320:
646:
1387:
1314:
1003:
793:
309:
258:
Both Fragment 2 and Fragment 3 are attached to paper and on the card in Mus. Inv. 820 and is not movable
1301:
1033:
993:
676:
1652:
1497:
1178:
1118:
983:
739:
1505:
1437:
1344:
1098:
1028:
711:
661:
1393:
1183:
1083:
788:
696:
671:
611:
1630:
901:
1443:
1421:
1210:
1193:
1103:
1093:
1053:
998:
763:
691:
452:
448:
441:
400:
375:
335:
1511:
1433:
1405:
1381:
1273:
1078:
724:
519:
39:
1588:
1361:
1261:
1113:
1018:
1008:
988:
978:
881:
55:
1350:
1143:
1138:
1128:
1108:
1088:
1068:
932:
748:
681:
778:
1693:
1415:
1331:
1308:
1133:
1073:
952:
942:
783:
716:
686:
666:
621:
1529:
1338:
1288:
1215:
1188:
1148:
1063:
973:
819:
239:
disembarkation and something that the raven makes known to the latter generations.
474:
Qumran-Messianism. Studies on the Messianic Expectations in the Dead Sea Scrolls.
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1460:
1326:
1295:
1123:
1043:
1023:
1013:
886:
1547:
1517:
1205:
50:. There are four fragmentary manuscripts that have been grouped together from
922:
472:
Oegema, Gerbern S. "Tradition-Historical Studies on 4Q252." Pages 165-85 in
119:
Columns IV–VI are based on Genesis 49, Jacob's blessing of his twelve sons.
1565:
1553:
47:
108:
There are 6 columns extant of 4Q252, some more fragmentary than others.
1598:
1593:
1541:
1535:
1523:
1370:
917:
896:
54:: 4Q252, 4Q253, 4Q254, and 4Q254a which contain interpretations of the
1571:
1559:
937:
891:
814:
719:
59:
43:
29:
17:
488:
1411:
1399:
1226:
656:
626:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
581:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
616:
1230:
492:
641:
636:
631:
399:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans Publishing Co. p. 62.
794:
The War of the Messiah/The Pierced Messiah Text (4Q285/11Q14)
799:
War of the Sons of Light Against the Sons of Darkness (1QM)
334:. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company.
397:
A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature
420:
Schiffman, Lawrence H.; VanderKam, James C. (2008).
372:
Discoveries in the Judaea Desert: Qumran Cave 4 XVII
1671:
1645:
1607:
1581:
1496:
1453:
1360:
1272:
1162:
966:
910:
807:
526:
439:Wise, Michael; Abegg, Martin; Cook, Edward (2005).
440:
447:. New York: HarperCollins Publishers. pp.
148:Frg. 2 = 5.2 x 6.2 cm (two joined pieces)
46:about a mile off the Northwestern shore of the
42:found in caves near the archaeological site of
622:4QInstruction (4Q415–418, 4Q418a, 4Q423, 1Q26)
1242:
504:
100:Fragment 6 approx. 9.2 cm x 4.6 cm
97:Fragment 5 approx. 8.3 cm x 4.5 cm
94:Fragment 4 approx. 2.6 cm x 2.2 cm
91:Fragment 3 approx. 3.8 cm x 3.6 cm
88:Fragment 2 approx. 2.5 cm x 2.3 cm
85:Fragment 1 approx. 20.3 cm x 13 cm
8:
707:Greek Minor Prophets Scroll from Nahal Hever
735:Paleo-Hebrew Leviticus scroll (11QpaleoLev)
310:"The Dead Sea Scrolls - Browse Manuscripts"
292:"Genesis, Commentary on - Oxford Reference"
1249:
1235:
1227:
774:Songs of the Sabbath Sacrifice (4Q400–407)
677:The Book of Mysteries (1Q27 and 4Q299–301)
511:
497:
489:
374:. United States: Oxford University Press.
332:Rewriting Scripture in Second Temple Times
267:scribe who penned these scroll fragments.
443:The Dead Sea Scrolls: A New Translation
276:
483:, vol. 1. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1997
1347:and the origin of nations (10:1–11:9)
682:Community Rule (1QS, 4QS, 5Q11, 5Q13)
7:
365:
363:
361:
359:
357:
355:
353:
351:
325:
323:
286:
284:
282:
280:
1700:1st-century BC biblical manuscripts
38:, is part of the collection of the
1715:Works based on the Book of Genesis
162:There are 17 fragments grouped as
25:
1200:Discoveries in the Judaean Desert
479:Martinez, Florentino Garcia, ed.
1705:1st-century biblical manuscripts
769:The Seekers After Smooth Things
759:Rule of the Congregation (1QSa)
725:Nahum Commentary (4QpNah/4Q169)
697:Genesis Apocryphon (1QapGen ar)
330:Crawford, Sidnie White (2008).
1428:Jacob wrestling with the angel
481:Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition
1:
779:Songs of the Sage (4Q510–511)
712:Habakkuk Commentary (1QpHab)
647:11Q5 The Great Psalms Scroll
395:Fitzmyer, Joseph A. (2008).
1620:Allegorical interpretations
1283:Genesis creation narratives
754:Rule of the Blessing (1QSb)
151:Frg. 3 = 3.2 x 3.0 cm
145:Frg. 1 = 3.1 x 3.9 cm
1731:
1377:Abraham and Lot's conflict
1039:Florentino García Martínez
428:. Oxford University Press.
226:Frg. 17=1.3 x 0.7 cm
223:Frg. 16=5.3 x 5.6 cm
220:Frg. 15=1.7 x 4.4 cm
217:Frg. 14=1.0 x 3.5 cm
214:Frg. 13=1.2 x 2.5 cm
211:Frg. 12=2.1 x 2.8 cm
208:Frg. 11=1.2 x 2.8 cm
205:Frg. 10=2.1 x 1.9 cm
178:Frg. 1= 2.9 x 3.7 cm
1154:José O'Callaghan Martínez
667:Barkhi Nafshi (4Q434–438)
202:Frg. 9=1.6 x 2.6 cm
199:Frg. 8=1.9 x 6.2 cm
196:Frg. 7=2.1 x 2.6 cm
193:Frg. 6=2.1 x 3.6 cm
190:Frg. 5=2.1 x 5.1 cm
187:Frg. 4=4.1 x 6.6 cm
184:Frg. 3=3.4 x 7.8 cm
181:Frg. 2=1.0 x 1.7 cm
1663:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 1007
1615:Framework interpretation
1059:Ernest-Marie Laperrousaz
1049:Gerald Lankester Harding
948:Teacher of Righteousness
789:Thanksgiving Hymns (1QH)
1658:Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 656
1321:Genesis flood narrative
422:"Commentary on Genesis"
36:Commentaries on Genesis
1625:Wife–sister narratives
1388:Covenant of the pieces
1315:Genealogies of Genesis
692:Damascus Document (CD)
1302:Serpents in the Bible
1034:Jean-Baptiste Humbert
994:Sidnie White Crawford
784:Temple Scroll (11Q19)
314:deadseascrolls.org.il
1653:Papyrus Berlin 17213
1179:Aramaic Enoch Scroll
1119:Carsten Peter Thiede
984:Joseph M. Baumgarten
730:New Jerusalem Scroll
717:Isaiah Scroll (1QIsa
687:Copper Scroll (3Q15)
617:4QDeuteronomy (4Q41)
243:Physical Description
170:Physical Description
137:Physical Description
78:Physical Description
1438:coat of many colors
1345:Generations of Noah
1317:(5:1–6:8, 11:10–26)
1099:Solomon H. Steckoll
1029:David Noel Freedman
1004:André Dupont-Sommer
662:11Q18 New Jerusalem
296:oxfordreference.com
1679:Textual variations
1394:Sodom and Gomorrah
1285:(1:1–2:3, 2:4–25)
1184:Shrine of the Book
1084:Lawrence Schiffman
979:John Marco Allegro
744:Horoscopes (4Q186)
702:Genesis Commentary
672:The Book of Giants
1687:
1686:
1637:Pesher on Genesis
1444:Blessing of Jacob
1224:
1223:
1211:Muhammed edh-Dhib
1104:Hartmut Stegemann
1094:Patrick W. Skehan
1054:Yizhar Hirschfeld
999:Frank Moore Cross
958:Calendrical texts
657:11Q13 Melchizedek
627:4QMMT (4Q394–399)
458:978-0-06-076662-7
16:(Redirected from
1722:
1710:Dead Sea Scrolls
1466:In the beginning
1406:Binding of Isaac
1382:Battle of Siddim
1274:Primeval history
1251:
1244:
1237:
1228:
1079:James A. Sanders
520:Dead Sea Scrolls
513:
506:
499:
490:
463:
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446:
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426:Oxford Reference
417:
411:
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288:
40:Dead Sea Scrolls
21:
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1690:
1689:
1688:
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1667:
1641:
1631:Arcana Cœlestia
1603:
1577:
1492:
1449:
1362:Patriarchal age
1356:
1268:
1267:
1262:Book of Genesis
1255:
1225:
1220:
1158:
1114:Eleazar Sukenik
1019:Joseph Fitzmyer
1009:Robert Eisenman
989:John J. Collins
974:Martin G. Abegg
962:
906:
902:Wadi Murabba'at
882:Qumran cemetery
803:
522:
517:
467:
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56:Book of Genesis
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
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1498:Torah readings
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1468:
1457:
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1454:Notable verses
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1425:
1422:Jacob's Ladder
1419:
1409:
1403:
1397:
1391:
1385:
1379:
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1367:
1365:
1358:
1357:
1355:
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1351:Tower of Babel
1348:
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1318:
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1194:École Biblique
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
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1160:
1159:
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1146:
1141:
1139:Roland de Vaux
1136:
1131:
1129:John C. Trever
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1109:John Strugnell
1106:
1101:
1096:
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1089:Hershel Shanks
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1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
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1036:
1031:
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1024:Peter W. Flint
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991:
986:
981:
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968:
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933:Yahad Ostracon
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749:Pseudo-Ezekiel
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406:978-0802862419
405:
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62:on parchment.
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1574:(47:28–50:26)
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1568:(44:18–47:27)
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1309:Cain and Abel
1307:
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1135:
1134:Eugene Ulrich
1132:
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1120:
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1080:
1077:
1075:
1074:Elisha Qimron
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953:Wicked Priest
951:
949:
946:
944:
943:Dual messiahs
941:
939:
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928:Carbon dating
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764:Samuel Scroll
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740:Physiognomies
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381:0-19-826936-6
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341:9780802847409
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19:
1636:
1629:
1562:(41:1–44:17)
1556:(37:1–40:23)
1550:(32:4–36:43)
1544:(28:10–32:3)
1538:(25:19–28:9)
1532:(23:1–25:18)
1530:Chayei Sarah
1526:(18:1–22:24)
1520:(12:1–17:27)
1339:Curse of Ham
1289:Adam and Eve
1260:
1216:Najib Albina
1198:
1189:Orion Center
1149:Yigael Yadin
1064:Jodi Magness
820:Qumran Caves
701:
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262:Palaeography
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35:
28:
26:
1646:Manuscripts
1514:(6:9–11:32)
1327:Sons of God
1323:(6:1–9:28)
1296:Fall of man
1144:Géza Vermes
1124:Emanuel Tov
1069:Józef Milik
1044:Norman Golb
1014:Hanan Eshel
887:Ein Feshkha
652:11QpaleoLev
1694:Categories
1548:Vayishlach
1518:Lech-Lecha
1430:(32:22–32)
1332:Noah's Ark
1206:Mar Samuel
271:References
32:on Genesis
1508:(1:1–6:8)
1396:(19:1–28)
1384:(14:1–17)
1341:(9:20–27)
923:Sadducees
1608:Analysis
1589:Priestly
1566:Vayigash
1554:Vayeshev
1506:Bereshit
1436:and the
1416:his sons
1353:(11:1–9)
967:Scholars
104:Contents
48:Dead Sea
1599:Elohist
1594:Jahwist
1582:Sources
1572:Vayechi
1542:Vayetze
1536:Toledot
1524:Vayeira
1440:(37–50)
1418:(25–50)
1402:(21–35)
1373:(12–23)
1371:Abraham
1364:(12–50)
918:Essenes
897:Secacah
720:,1QIsa)
449:352–356
1560:Miketz
1434:Joseph
1276:(1–11)
938:Pesher
911:Issues
892:Kohlit
825:cave 1
815:Qumran
808:Places
455:
403:
378:
338:
234:4Q254a
60:Hebrew
52:Cave 4
44:Qumran
30:Pesher
1512:Noach
1412:Jacob
1400:Isaac
1163:Other
612:4Q542
607:4Q521
602:4Q448
597:4Q252
592:4Q246
587:4Q240
582:4Q175
578:4Q166
574:4Q127
569:4Q126
564:4Q122
559:4Q121
554:4Q120
549:4Q119
544:4Q108
539:4Q107
534:4Q106
527:Texts
164:4Q254
158:4Q254
131:4Q253
126:4Q253
71:4Q252
66:4Q252
34:, or
18:4Q252
1672:Text
1446:(49)
1424:(28)
1414:and
1408:(22)
1390:(15)
1298:(3)
1174:ASOR
1170:AIAR
453:ISBN
401:ISBN
376:ISBN
336:ISBN
27:The
1488:1:5
1483:1:4
1478:1:3
1473:1:2
1461:1:1
1311:(4)
642:7Q5
637:7Q1
632:6Q6
1696::
875:11
870:10
451:.
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350:^
322:^
312:.
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279:^
1250:e
1243:t
1236:v
1172:/
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742:/
512:e
505:t
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461:.
409:.
384:.
344:.
316:.
298:.
20:)
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