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designs favouring the 6×4 layout and 4×4 was largely ignored at first, at least from the major truck makers. Military 6×4 chassis were also easier to produce for civilian manufacturers, as they were more similar to chassis for the larger civilian market, often just with uprated components. A few aberrations of
110:
there was a great interest in the development of vehicles with better off-road performance, both for the military and for the growing oil exploration industry. More driven axles were needed, for better grip, but also a heavier load capacity which itself required an additional axle. This led to
193:
and just 6×4. This gave a vehicle suitable for airfield emergency services; with fast performance on tarmac, useful off-road performance for crossing obstacles, increased load capacity and a much cheaper price than dedicated 6×6 vehicles.
154:. This coupled two rear wheels to a rigid frame or bogie but allowed this to tilt. The bogie pivoted freely for much of its range, allowing a greater movement than was possible with springs. One of the best-known heavy tractor units of
317:
A typical three axle Class 8 tractor today is equipped with two rear drive axles ("live" tandem) and is commonly referred to as a 6 X 4 configuration meaning that it has four-wheel drive capability.
139:
With six wheels, the off-road performance often relied on articulation between the axles, so as to keep all the wheels in contact with uneven ground. A standard lorry chassis with
470:
131:
and were too complex and expensive for
General Service trucks. The standard design became a 6×4 truck of 3 ton capacity, along with larger trucks of 10 tons.
1579:
302:
1365:
84:
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1220:
189:, was used for such extended 6×4 conversions in the 1970s and '80s. Some German conversions provided full 6×6 performance, but most were like the
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saw a great adoption of petrol-engined lorries, beginning to replace horse transport. These were almost all simple
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627:
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Nearly all 6×4 have an unpowered leading steering axle, with two driven rear axles. However some mass-produced
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vehicles existed and these were slow and lumbering, with complicated servicing needed to their steering axle.
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vehicles have had their load-carrying capability increased by adding an additional, unpowered, rear axle.
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Georgano, Nick (1997). "4: Cross
Country, Military and Export, The Pioneer and its Descendants".
303:
NACFE (North
American Council for Freight Efficiency) Executive Report – 6x2 (Dead Axle) Tractors
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chassis, often based on commercial lorries or buses. Only a handful of
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delivering power to wheels at the ends of two of them. It is a form of
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in larger countries such as the United States and
Australia; in
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The
Carmichael Commando chassis, a stretched version of the
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4WD used more widely for earlier off-road vehicles.
333:. Erlangen: Tankograd Publishing. pp. 11–14.
1548:This article about an automotive technology is a
27:Type of drivetrain with 4 out of 6 driven wheels
1573:
464:
394:. Motor Racing Publications. pp. 16–17.
76:, 4×2 and 6×2 variants are more commonplace.
8:
64:It is the most common form of drivetrain of
1580:
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493:
471:
457:
449:
254:and good road performance rather than the
875:Cabriolet / Convertible / Drophead coupe
331:British Military Trucks of World War Two
280:"International ProStar ES Class 8 truck"
123:were produced, but these were mostly as
1221:Homogeneous charge compression ignition
431:. Roundoak Publishing. pp. 36–38.
377:
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297:
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271:
220:
429:Scammell: The Load Movers From Watford
49:is a vehicle with three axles, with a
7:
1538:
1536:
414:
234:and tanks, at around the same time.
1552:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
25:
885:Coupé de Ville / Sedanca de Ville
147:was inadequate for military use.
1540:
1522:Template:EC car classification
1:
68:and heavy haul fixed-chassis
380:, pp. 36–37, Albion CX.
88:1937 military lorry off-road
1624:Automotive technology stubs
392:The Supertrucks of Scammell
1640:
1535:
1211:Gasoline / petrol
975:Roadster / Spider / Spyder
230:did something similar for
174:TACR2 airfield fire engine
145:semi-elliptic leaf springs
1507:
1351:(engine / drive)
150:A solution to this was a
990:Sedan delivery/Panel van
308:(Report). Archived from
162:used this bogie system.
1251:Liquified petroleum gas
1063:Driverless (autonomous)
243:These have been mostly
1156:Compressed natural gas
1083:Personal rapid transit
175:
89:
38:
1422:Dual motor-four-wheel
1020:Town (Coupé de Ville)
329:Freathy, Les (2012).
173:
87:
34:Typical American 6×4
33:
1614:Six-wheeled vehicles
1433:Engine configuration
228:Horstmann suspension
1439:internal combustion
1241:Internal combustion
1048:All-terrain vehicle
970:Retractable hardtop
166:Supplementary axles
390:Tuck, Bob (1987).
176:
90:
39:
1599:Off-road vehicles
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826:
825:
595:Compact executive
417:, pp. 21–22.
368:, pp. 11–14.
340:978-3-936519-29-7
129:recovery vehicles
80:Off-road vehicles
16:(Redirected from
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1401:Front-four-wheel
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1215:direct injection
1126:Alternative fuel
940:Multi-stop truck
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232:tracked vehicles
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204:Four-wheel drive
160:Scammell Pioneer
152:bogie suspension
135:Bogie suspension
108:Between the wars
55:four-wheel drive
21:
18:6x4 (drivetrain)
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1474:Single-cylinder
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1415:Rear-four-wheel
1366:Front mid-front
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1319:Engine position
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1246:Liquid nitrogen
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656:Crossover (CUV)
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315:on 2015-07-07.
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209:Six-wheel drive
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94:First World War
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59:all-wheel drive
57:but not one of
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1408:Mid-four-wheel
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489:Classification
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378:Freathy (2012)
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366:Freathy (2012)
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354:Freathy (2012)
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247:vehicles with
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81:
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1469:Reciprocating
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1387:Rear mid-rear
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1021:
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1016:
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1001:
1000:Station wagon
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988:
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983:
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890:Coupé utility
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704:Sport compact
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615:Minivan / MPV
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438:1 871565 26 X
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401:0 948358 01 7
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356:, p. 12.
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143:suspended by
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66:semi-tractors
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44:
37:
32:
19:
1619:6×4 vehicles
1554:expanding it
1547:
1532:
1309:Twelve-wheel
1266:Drive wheels
1039:Specialized
960:Pickup truck
865:Cabrio coach
709:Sports sedan
684:Grand tourer
428:
422:
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391:
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361:
349:
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316:
310:the original
283:. Retrieved
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184:
177:
156:World War II
149:
138:
125:gun tractors
106:
91:
70:cargo trucks
63:
46:
42:
40:
36:tractor unit
1604:Car layouts
1459:Four-stroke
1359:Front-front
1299:Eight-wheel
1274:Front-wheel
1206:Natural gas
1191:Fossil fuel
1146:Biogasoline
832:Body styles
760:Vintage car
415:Tuck (1987)
187:Range Rover
121:half-tracks
47:six-by-four
1609:Drivetrain
1593:Categories
1484:Two-stroke
1380:Front-rear
1373:Rear-front
1289:Four-wheel
1279:Rear-wheel
1118:Propulsion
1108:Voiturette
1093:Flying car
1088:Police car
1053:Amphibious
965:Quad coupé
855:Berlinetta
572:Street rod
514:Subcompact
285:2024-04-29
266:References
256:selectable
141:live axles
51:drivetrain
1394:Rear-rear
1304:Ten-wheel
1294:Six-wheel
1284:Two-wheel
1196:Fuel cell
1136:Biodiesel
1103:Tow truck
1078:Pedal car
1058:Connected
1030:Vis-à-vis
1005:Targa top
950:Panel van
945:Notchback
925:Limousine
915:Landaulet
905:Hatchback
850:Barchetta
818:S-segment
813:M-segment
808:J-segment
803:F-segment
798:E-segment
793:D-segment
788:C-segment
783:B-segment
778:A-segment
689:Hot hatch
666:Coupe SUV
600:Executive
562:Lead sled
539:Full-size
519:Supermini
250:permanent
119:and even
1517:Category
1494:W engine
1479:Straight
1236:Hydrogen
1201:Fuel gas
1166:Electric
1041:vehicles
980:Runabout
930:Microvan
920:Liftback
910:Kammback
895:Fastback
870:Cab over
860:Brougham
605:Personal
577:T-bucket
567:Lowrider
534:Mid-size
198:See also
1489:V (Vee)
1464:H-block
1230:plug-in
1228: (
1213: (
1183: (
1181:Ethanol
1170:battery
1168: (
1141:Biofuel
1131:Autogas
1098:Taxicab
1073:Gyrocar
1068:Go-kart
1015:Touring
1010:Torpedo
955:Phaeton
935:Minibus
900:Hardtop
745:Economy
740:Classic
735:Antique
719:Go-kart
651:Compact
628:Leisure
623:Compact
557:Hot rod
529:Compact
497:By size
1512:Portal
1499:Wankel
1424:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1378:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1364:
1361:
1347:Layout
1226:Hybrid
1161:Diesel
1151:Biogas
845:Baquet
694:Muscle
676:Sports
587:Luxury
549:Custom
524:Family
482:design
435:
398:
337:
158:, the
74:Europe
1449:Boxer
1327:Front
1256:Steam
1025:T-top
880:Coupe
728:Other
714:Super
504:Micro
313:(PDF)
306:(PDF)
215:Notes
191:TACR2
1550:stub
1454:Flat
1337:Rear
699:Pony
661:Mini
633:Mini
433:ISBN
396:ISBN
335:ISBN
92:The
1332:Mid
1185:E85
1175:NEV
840:2+2
755:Van
750:Ute
643:SUV
509:Kei
480:Car
252:4WD
245:AWD
180:4×4
127:or
117:8×8
113:6×6
102:4×4
98:4×2
45:or
43:6×4
1595::
770:EU
294:^
115:,
61:.
41:A
1581:e
1574:t
1567:v
1556:.
1441:)
1437:(
1232:)
1217:)
1187:)
1177:)
472:e
465:t
458:v
441:.
404:.
343:.
288:.
20:)
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