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Which was hard enough to do on flat muddy ground but became even more difficult when there was a lack of roads. Traditional field artillery could usually be broken down into separate wagon loads with the barrel on one wagon towed by a horse team while a second horse team towed the carriage. However, there was the issue of the gun crew being unable to reassemble the guns due to a lack of oxygen, cold temperatures, and weighed down with thick clothing.
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However, the trade-off was mountain guns didn't stand up well to being towed when assembled due to their jointed designs. Also to keep weight down the guns were often small caliber with reduced propellant loads to reduce recoil and lacked range because their barrels were short to keep them light and
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The problem that Krupp's engineers had to solve was there was often a lack of roads and rail lines in mountainous regions and only narrow rocky footpaths existed. The field artillery of the time was designed to be towed by horse teams over gravel roads and then manhandled into firing position.
301:
What was needed was a gun that was light and could be broken down into multiple loads for transport by the gun crew and pack animals. Horses could carry more weight but were large and not always sure-footed. Mules were smaller, sure-footed, but were stubborn and carried less weight. After
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became a major arms supplier and one of their better-selling product lines was mountain guns and Krupp sold 688 mountain guns to its customers before World War I. Many of its customers had mountainous borders which were sometimes ill-defined and often were in dispute.
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experimentation it was found that if a gun could be broken down into multiple loads a mule was capable of carrying a 100 kg (220 lb) load and the gun crews were able to reassemble and manhandle the guns into position.
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bagged charges and projectiles. The projectile was loaded first then followed by bagged charges. While
Germany, Chile, and the Ottoman Empire used a cylindro-prismatic breech that was a predecessor of Krupp's horizontal
322:
carriage built from bolted steel plates, with two wooden-spoked steel-rimmed wheels. For transport, the gun could be dismantled into multiple mule loads or towed by a mule when assembled. There was no
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who found mountain guns useful because of their ability to be broken down into pack loads due to a lack of roads. They were likely used during the
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and assembled with the projectile and then placed in the breech. The difference between the two was the interrupted screw breech provided the
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increased range and muzzle velocity. The heavier carriage improved towability as well as withstanding the greater recoil of new propellants.
1055:
622:
752:
Exhibition catalogue of the cast steel works of Fried. Krupp, Essen on the Ruhr (Rhenish
Prussia) : World's Columbian Exposition, 1893
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The cylindro-prismatic breech used separate-loading cased charges and projectiles. Bagged charges were first placed in a brass
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504:- in addition to using L/13 C/80 mountain guns during the Balkan Wars the Ottoman Empire may have used them during the
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used by several countries during the late 1800s and early 1900s. Germany and the
Ottoman Empire also used them during
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The breech system differed depending on the customer but the projectiles were the same used by the Krupp
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to seal the breech while the cylindro-prismatic breech used the cartridge case to seal the breech.
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423:- it's likely that both Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire used L/13 C/80 mountain guns during the
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467:- before World War I Germany lacked dedicated mountain artillery units despite Krupp and
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weapon meant to fire on troops in the open and the most common shell types were
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beneath the breech. Since it had limited elevation -10° to +20° it was a
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in World War I. A captured
Ottoman gun is currently on display at the
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867:"Krupp" exports" 7,5 ,5cm L. 13 mountain gun - Landships WW1 Forum"
438:
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81:
918:
819:"Field/Heavy Artillery, Horse Artillery, Limbers, ammunition"
331:, no traversing mechanism, and elevation was controlled by a
35:
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producing guns for export. The exception was
Germany's
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The cylindro-prismatic breech of an early Krupp gun.
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A C/80 in firing position with assembled ammunition.
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656:, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Note the screw breech.
508:. The Ottoman Empire also used them during the
789:. Marlborough: Crowood Press. pp. 82–83.
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157:Separate loading bagged charge and projectile
8:
530:- L/13 C/80 guns were used by the forces of
937:
923:
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18:
628:The placard of the captured Moroccan gun.
314:The 7.5 cm Gebirgskanone L/13 C/80 was a
1373:7.7 cm Leichte Kraftwagengeschütze M1914
1046:24 cm schwere FlügelMinenWerfer Albrecht
1036:9.15 cm leichtes Minenwerfer System Lanz
106:1891 carriage: 346 kg (763 lb)
104:1880 carriage: 256 kg (564 lb)
703:
558:
441:- L/13 C/80 mountain guns were used by
540:Musée de La Marine Nationale de Toulon
37:Musée de La Marine Nationale de Toulon
1056:24 cm schwerer LadungsWerfer Ehrhardt
125:97 cm (3 ft 2 in) L/13
7:
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692:colonial troops with a mountain gun.
1051:24 cm schwere Flügelminenwerfer IKO
546:on the 7 September 1912 during the
514:Honourable Artillery Company Museum
318:mountain gun made of steel with a
14:
993:7.62 cm Infanteriegeschütz L/16.5
786:German artillery of World War One
114:1.8 m (5 ft 11 in)
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373:breech for their guns that used
252:Effective firing range
141:66 cm (2 ft 2 in)
133:83 cm (2 ft 9 in)
59:
29:
1465:Artillery of the Ottoman Empire
489:African theater of World War I.
23:7.5 cm Gebirgskanone L/13 C/80
1475:World War I mountain artillery
1003:7.7 cm Infanteriegeschütz L/27
998:7.7 cm Infanteriegeschütz L/20
983:7.5 cm Gebirgskanone L/13 C/80
616:An assembled C/80 being towed.
271:7.5 cm Gebirgskanone L/13 C/80
260:Maximum firing range
1:
538:. The gun on display at the
366:field gun. Argentina used a
1320:24 cm SK L/40 "Theodor Karl"
1315:24 cm SK L/30 "Theodor Otto"
1008:10.5 cm Gebirgshaubitze L/12
847:s400910952.websitehome.co.uk
510:Sinai and Palestine campaign
247:300 m/s (980 ft/s)
668:An Ottoman gun captured at
580:C/80 barrel and ammunition.
225:1880 carriage: -10° to +20°
1491:
1177:15 cm L/40 Feldkanone i.R.
988:Ehrhardt 7.5 cm Model 1904
843:"German Colonial Uniforms"
749:AG., Fried. Krupp (1893).
536:French conquest of Morocco
227:1891 carriage: -6° to +23°
1310:21 cm SK "Peter Adalbert"
905:passioncompassion1418.com
871:landships.activeboard.com
723:www.bulgarianartillery.it
592:C/80 carriage and wheels.
548:Battle of Sidi Bou Othman
451:Chilean Civil War of 1891
263:3.9 km (2.4 mi)
169:4.3 kg (9.5 lb)
145:
55:Place of origin
28:
1358:3.7 cm SockelFlak L/14.5
1267:28 cm Haubitze L/14 i.R.
674:7th Light Horse Regiment
1424:5.7 cm Maxim-Nordenfelt
1345:Anti-aircraft artillery
1325:28 cm K L/40 "Kurfürst"
1092:Krupp 7.5 cm Model 1903
978:7.5 cm GebirgsKanone 13
968:5.7 cm Maxim-Nordenfelt
783:Jäger, Herbert (2001).
289:During the late 1800s,
255:2 km (1.2 mi)
1450:Artillery of Argentina
1305:17 cm SK L/40 "Samuel"
1257:21 cm Versuchmörser 06
1192:15 cm Ring Kanone L/30
1187:15 cm Ring Kanone C/92
1182:15 cm Ring Kanone C/72
755:. . pp. 105–110.
544:Colonel Charles Mangin
179:75 mm (3 in)
1455:Artillery of Bulgaria
1353:3.7 cm Maxim Flak M14
1330:28 cm SK L/40 "Bruno"
895:samilitaryhistory.org
604:Tools and ammunition.
1460:Artillery of Germany
1282:42 cm Gamma howitzer
1232:21 cm Haubitze M1891
1212:17 cm SK L/40 i.R.L.
945:German artillery of
719:"Krupp 75mm 1886_Gb"
243:Muzzle velocity
1335:38 cm SK L/45 "Max"
1262:28 cm Haubitze L/12
910:lovettartillery.com
485:Maji Maji Rebellion
394:Users and conflicts
1470:Mountain artillery
1292:Railroad artillery
516:, London, England.
447:Battle of Placilla
190:Cylindro-prismatic
73:Production history
1432:
1431:
1363:7.62 cm FlaK L/30
1300:15 cm SK "Nathan"
1162:12 cm Kanone C/80
1107:7.7 cm FK 96 n.A.
1087:5.3 cm Fahrpanzer
1026:Granatenwerfer 16
973:6 cm S-Bts K L/21
900:greatwarforum.org
873:. 31 January 2017
506:Italo-Turkish War
443:Congressist Junta
371:interrupted screw
267:
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194:Interrupted screw
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1368:7.7 cm FlaK L/35
1277:42 cm Big Bertha
1272:38 cm Langer Max
1137:10.5 cm FH 98/09
1132:9 cm Kanone C/79
1127:9 cm Kanone C/73
1122:8 cm Kanone C/80
1117:8 cm Kanone C/73
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375:separate-loading
368:Maxim-Nordenfelt
364:8 cm Kanone C/80
357:smokeless powder
325:recoil mechanism
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1401:3.7 cm TAK 1918
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1252:21 cm Paris Gun
1247:21 cm Mörser 99
1242:21 cm Mörser 16
1237:21 cm Mörser 10
1224:siege artillery
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1172:15 cm Kanone 16
1142:10.5 cm leFH 16
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1207:15 cm sFH 93
1202:15 cm sFH 13
1197:15 cm sFH 02
1167:13.5 cm K 09
1102:7.7 cm FK 96
1097:7.7 cm FK 16
1031:7.58 cm leMW
982:
875:. Retrieved
870:
861:
850:. Retrieved
846:
837:
826:. Retrieved
822:
813:
785:
751:
726:. Retrieved
722:
653:
539:
473:Schutztruppe
361:
353:black powder
313:
306:portable.
304:
300:
296:
288:
275:mountain gun
270:
268:
122: length
49:Mountain gun
36:
16:Mountain gun
947:World War I
534:during the
481:Herero Wars
469:Rheinmetall
449:during the
425:Balkan Wars
337:direct fire
279:World War I
1439:Categories
1157:10 cm K 17
1152:10 cm K 14
1147:10 cm K 04
1112:7.7 cm KiH
877:2021-03-14
852:2021-03-14
828:2021-03-14
728:2021-03-14
698:References
652:A C/80 at
388:obturation
329:gun shield
285:Background
1416:Tank guns
1406:MG 18 TuF
1078:, medium
1061:25 cm sMW
1041:17 cm mMW
761:220997162
670:Beersheba
475:in their
408:Argentina
333:jackscrew
320:box trail
221:Elevation
214:Box trail
91:1880-1904
955:Infantry
805:50842313
421:Bulgaria
349:shrapnel
345:canister
233:Traverse
210:Carriage
88:Produced
78:Designer
1018:Mortars
688:German
672:by the
555:Gallery
528:Morocco
445:at the
175:Caliber
803:
793:
759:
690:Askari
525:
499:
462:
436:
418:
405:
341:common
310:Design
273:was a
201:Recoil
185:Breech
166:weight
138:Height
120:Barrel
111:Length
64:
1076:Field
439:Chile
327:, no
291:Krupp
164:Shell
152:Shell
130:Width
82:Krupp
957:and
801:OCLC
791:ISBN
757:OCLC
347:and
269:The
237:None
205:None
101:Mass
45:Type
355:to
281:.
192:or
1441::
869:.
845:.
821:.
799:.
769:^
737:^
721:.
706:^
483:,
343:,
938:e
931:t
924:v
880:.
855:.
831:.
807:.
763:.
731:.
550:.
453:.
39:.
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