503:, who said that Kildall personally demonstrated to him that DOS contained CP/M code by entering a command in DOS that displayed Kildall's name, but Pournelle never revealed the command and nobody has come forward to corroborate his story. A 2004 book about Kildall says that he used such an encrypted message to demonstrate that other manufacturers had copied CP/M, but does not say that he found the message in DOS; instead Kildall's memoir (a source for the book) pointed to the well-known interface similarity. Paterson insists that the 86-DOS software was his original work and has denied referring to or otherwise using CP/M code while writing it. After the 2004 book appeared, he sued the authors and publishers for
2423:
not be able to mount such volumes as (in absence of a BPB) it expects the FAT ID in logical sector 1, assuming only one reserved sector of 512 bytes (the boot sector in logical sector 0) instead of the 52 reserved sectors á 128 bytes used by 86-DOS here. This works for MS-DOS, because the system files are not part of the reserved area under MS-DOS, while under 86-DOS there are no system files and the ca. 6 KB large DOS kernel is located in the reserved area.
4500:
964:(BPB), as later DOS versions do, to distinguish between different media formats; instead different drive letters were hard-coded at time of compilation to be associated with different physical floppy drives, sides and densities. That meant, depending on its type, a disk had to be addressed under a certain drive letter to be recognized correctly. This concept was later emulated with more flexibility by
4511:
2786:(xvii+1053 pages; 29 cm) (NB. This original edition contains flowcharts of the internal workings of the system. It was withdrawn by Microsoft before mass-distribution in 1986 because it contained many factual errors as well as some classified information which should not have been published. Few printed copies survived. It was replaced by a completely reworked edition in 1988.
3358:
43:
540:, this variant already supported 12-bit table elements, reduced the number of FATs from 3 to 2, redefined the semantics of some of the reserved cluster values, and modified the disk layout, so that the root directory was now located between the FAT and the data area. Paterson also increased the previous 9-character length limit to 11 characters in order to support
495:
examined PC DOS and found that it duplicated CP/M's programming interface, he wanted to sue IBM, which at the time claimed that PC DOS was its own product. However, Digital
Research's attorney did not believe that the relevant law was clear enough to sue. Nonetheless, Kildall confronted IBM
2422:
8.0" 250.25 KB images formatted under 86-DOS 1.00 sport a FAT ID of FEh, however, in contrast to MS-DOS/PC DOS, 86-DOS does not seem to use this to detect the disk format, as this information is hard-coded into disk profiles associated to certain drive letters at compile-time. MS-DOS would
482:
command which would translate source files from 8080 to 8086 machine instructions. Microsoft licensed 86-DOS to IBM, and it became PC DOS 1.0. This license also permitted
Microsoft to sell DOS to other companies, which it did. The deal was spectacularly successful, and SCP later claimed in
979:
to choose among hard-coded disk geometry profiles. In all formats of a volume formatted under MS-DOS that would otherwise be supported by both systems and typically also in all other formats, this ID is located in the first byte of logical sector 1—that is, the volume's second sector with physical
1564:
computer with SCP controller or
Cromemco 16FDC controller (by default, this version only supported the MS-DOS-compatible variants of the 8.0 in formats with a single reserved sector but it could be built to provide two extra drive letters to read and write floppies in the previous SCP 86-DOS
975:) with 32-byte directory entries. Only the second one is logically compatible with the FAT12 format known since the release of MS-DOS and PC DOS. MS-DOS still cannot mount such volumes, as in absence of a BPB it falls back to retrieve the FAT ID in the FAT entry for
2309:
for the SCP S-100 computer with SCP-500 Disk Master Floppy controller. It added support for 5.25 in DD/1S (180 KB) and DD/2S (360 KB) FAT12 formats and supported the older formats as well, although possibly with some of the parameters modified compared to
381:
file system information in memory for speed, but this required a user to force an update to a disk before removing it; if the user forgot, the disk would become corrupt. Paterson took the safer, but slower approach of updating the disk with each operation. CP/M's
344:
that
Digital Research had initially announced for November 1979, but it was delayed and its release date was uncertain. This was not the first time Digital Research had lagged behind hardware developments; two years earlier it had been slow to adapt CP/M for new
477:
In July 1981, a month before the PC's release, Microsoft purchased all rights to 86-DOS from SCP for US$ 50,000. It met IBM's main criteria: it looked like CP/M, and it was easy to adapt existing 8-bit CP/M programs to run under it, notably thanks to the
3167:; Rubin, Darryl; Ryan, Ralph; Schulmeisters, Karl; Shah, Rajen; Shaw, Barry; Short, Anthony; Slivka, Ben; Smirl, Jon; Stillmaker, Betty; Stoddard, John; Tillman, Dennis; Whitten, Greg; Yount, Natalie; Zeck, Steve (1988). "Technical advisors".
465:
Microsoft purchased a non-exclusive license for 86-DOS from
Seattle Computer Products in December 1980 for US$ 25,000. In May 1981, it hired Tim Paterson to port the system to the IBM PC, which used the slower and less expensive
1000:) is located elsewhere on disk, making it impossible for MS-DOS to retrieve it, and even if it would, the hard-coded disk profile associated with it would not take this larger reserved sectors region under 86-DOS into account.
2754:; Tomlin, Jim; Vian, Kathleen; Wolverton, Van. Beley, Jim; Preppernau, Barry; Beason, Pam; Lewis, Andrea; Rygmyr, David (eds.). Microsoft Reference Library. Vol. 1 (Original withdrawn ed.). Redmond, Washington, USA:
3829:
3406:
372:
CP/M programs; porting them to either DOS or CP/M-86 was about equally difficult and eased by the fact that Intel had already published a method that could be used to automatically translate software from the
2996:, but does not mention a specific version number. Version 0.3 is known to be called 86-DOS already, so the name change must have taken place either for version 0.2 or immediately afterwards in August 1980.)
760:
Purchased by
Microsoft and renamed to MS-DOS on 27 July 1981, therefore the last version with genuinely matching 86-DOS and MS-DOS version numbers. First version known to implement the 'hidden' attribute.
3143:; Borman, Reuben; Borman, Rob; Butler, John; Carroll, Chuck; Chamberlain, Mark; Chell, David; Colee, Mike; Courtney, Mike; Dryfoos, Mike; Duncan, Rachel; Eckhardt, Kurt; Evans, Eric; Farmer, Rick;
377:
processor, for which CP/M had been designed, to the new 8086 instruction set. At the same time he made a number of changes and enhancements to address what he saw as CP/M's shortcomings. CP/M
437:. CP/M was by far the most popular operating system in use at the time, and IBM felt that it needed CP/M in order to compete. IBM's representatives visited Digital Research and discussed
633:) in order to add support for a last-modified date stamp (2 bytes) and theoretical file sizes larger than 16 MB (4 bytes), thereby implementing the earliest form of the
336:, demonstrated in June 1979 and shipped in November, were languishing due to the absence of an operating system. The only software that SCP could sell with the board was Microsoft's
3837:
483:
court that
Microsoft had concealed its relationship with IBM in order to purchase the operating system cheaply. SCP ultimately received a US$ 1 million settlement payment.
449:. Although the NDA was later accepted, Digital Research would not accept IBM's proposal of US$ 250,000 in exchange for as many copies as IBM could sell, insisting on the usual
4576:
3151:; McKinney, Bruce; Martin, Pascal; Mathers, Estelle; Matthews, Bob; Melin, David; Mergentime, Charles; Nevin, Randy; Newell, Dan; Newell, Tani; Norris, David; O'Leary, Mike;
52:
3147:; Geary, Michael; Griffin, Bob; Hogarth, Doug; Johnson, James W.; Kermaani, Kaamel; King, Adrian; Koch, Reed; Landowski, James; Larson, Chris; Lennon, Thomas; Lipkie, Dan;
1553:
Various OEM versions of MS-DOS 1.2x and 2.x supported a number of similar 8-inch FAT12 floppy disk formats as well, although not identical to those supported by 86-DOS.
421:
source code from a CP/M disk and translate it to 8086 source code, and promised that only "minor hand correction and optimization" was needed to produce 8086 binaries.
3972:
3680:
3211:(xix+1570 pages; 26 cm) (NB. This edition was published in 1988 after extensive rework of the withdrawn 1986 first edition by a different team of authors.
2644:
For unknown reasons, some
Microsoft documents give a value of 3 for this entry, where 0 seems correct technically. SCP MS-DOS 1.25 implicitly assumes 0 as well.
4551:
3179:; Rabinowitz, Chip; Tomlin, Jim; Wilton, Richard; Wolverton, Van; Wong, William; Woodcock, JoAnne (Completely reworked ed.). Redmond, Washington, USA:
897:
was an almost complete rewrite of DOS, so by March 1983, very little of 86-DOS remained. The most enduring element of 86-DOS was its primitive line editor,
3509:
3294:
3103:
3060:
3507:
2889:(NB. The article often uses "MS-DOS" to refer to both 86-DOS and MS-DOS, but mentions QDOS and 86-DOS in a sidebar article, "A Short History of MS-DOS".)
364:
Using a CP/M-80 manual as reference, Paterson modeled 86-DOS after its architecture and interfaces, but adapted to meet the requirements of Intel's 8086
4515:
2787:
1017:, but third-party solutions in form of hard disk controllers and corresponding I/O system extensions for 86-DOS were available from companies like
971:
Two logical format variants of the 86-DOS 12-bit FAT format existed—the original format with 16-byte directory entries and the later format (since
4556:
3487:
Undocumented DOS: A programmer's guide to reserved MS-DOS functions and data structures - expanded to include MS-DOS 6, Novell DOS and
Windows 3.1
4561:
3410:
2979:
2953:
3965:
949:-based Cromemco and Tarbell boards supported one-sided, single-density soft-sectored drives. A Tarbell double-density board utilizing the
3451:
4571:
4012:
2863:
3535:
2445:
command under 86-DOS 1.00 COMMAND.COM seems to initialize a volume's FAT ID byte to FEh regardless of disk drive and format used.
776:
basically reflects 86-DOS 1.14, other sources find a match of PC DOS 1.0 with MS-DOS/86-DOS 1.10 as of 21 July 1981 more likely.
4007:
3740:
3499:
3274:
3188:
3032:
3010:
2763:
300:
3900:
3938:
4541:
4536:
4504:
4125:
3958:
3909:
3749:
604:
552:. This variant, however, still used 16-byte directory entries and therefore is not compatible with what became later known as
3872:"Seattle Computer Products 8086 S-100 Bus Microcomputer - Picture of 8.0" DD/1S distribution floppy disks for SCP MS-DOS 2.0"
3628:
383:
641:
in MS-DOS/PC DOS later on. 86-DOS retained the capability to read volumes written under older versions of 86-DOS up to
3673:
499:
Controversy has continued to surround the similarity between the two systems. Perhaps the most sensational claim came from
51:
3354:
2823:
2662:
2630:
2611:
2592:
2573:
2554:
2535:
2516:
2497:
2478:
2459:
2241:
1649:
1507:
1087:
989:
976:
957:
917:. EDLIN can still be used on contemporary machines, since there is an emulated DOS environment up to Windows 10 (32 bit).
629:
At the indirect request of IBM (through
Microsoft) size of directory entries changed from 16 to 32 bytes (similar to
4335:
4420:
4370:
3794:
129:
4450:
2209:
1483:
938:
528:
Roughly half completed version of the OS. It implemented the original form of Paterson's derivation of Microsoft's
511:
that no defamation had occurred, as the book's claims were opinions based on research or were not provably false.
470:
processor and had its own specific family of peripherals. IBM watched the developments daily, submitting over 300
4040:
3669:
2949:
906:
329:
277:
192:
67:
3323:
3096:
3053:
2323:
985:
630:
537:
446:
391:
337:
3212:
457:, Gates mentioned the existence of 86-DOS, and IBM representative Jack Sams told him to get a license for it.
4365:
4340:
3944:
3632:
386:
command, which copied files, supported several special file names that referred to hardware devices such as
3790:
417:
95 for owners of its US$ 1,290 8086-board and US$ 195 for others. It touted the software's ability to read
4566:
4150:
3718:
A ZIP file containing most of the files from 86-DOS 0.75 (1981-04-17/1981-04-18) to 1.00/1.10 (1981-07-21)
2990:
2963:
2877:
2216:
2212:
2201:
1486:
1478:
1018:
950:
946:
340:, which Microsoft had developed on a prototype of SCP's hardware. SCP wanted to offer the 8086-version of
222:
2920:"CP/M Arrives - IBM releases a tailed-for-the-PC version of CP/M-86 that profits from the learning curve"
953:
was supported as well. Later, SCP offered advanced floppy disk controllers, like the Disk Master series.
4546:
3981:
3858:
3815:
3656:
3311:
3302:
3267:
2368:
2360:
926:
901:, which remained the only editor supplied with Microsoft versions of DOS until the June 1991 release of
434:
407:
3871:
4017:
2654:
2626:
2607:
2588:
2569:
2550:
2531:
2512:
2493:
2474:
2455:
2272:
1641:
1529:
1500:
1082:
1022:
981:
961:
942:
414:
239:
78:
3379:
2515:, but this entry for the logical sectors per cluster (allocation units) corresponds with BPB offset
4310:
3423:
3054:"86-DOS version 0.3 (1980-11-15) License Agreement between Seattle Computer Products and Microsoft"
2572:, but this entry for the number of root directory entries (á 32 bytes) corresponds with BPB offset
2440:
853:
793:
387:
4375:
988:(LBA) address 1—since MS-DOS assumes a single reserved sector, the boot sector. Under 86-DOS, the
4290:
4285:
4130:
4022:
3119:
3076:
2975:
2919:
829:
809:
549:
399:
3024:
3014:
965:
368:
processor, for easy (and partially automated) source-level translatability of the many existing
3459:
4430:
3854:
3811:
3652:
3549:
3495:
3315:
3270:
3202:
3194:
3184:
3171:. By Duncan, Ray; Bostwick, Steve; Burgoyne, Keith; Byers, Robert A.; Hogan, Thom; Kyle, Jim;
3164:
3028:
2967:
2777:
2769:
2759:
2739:
872:
843:
824:
819:
814:
378:
198:
86:
3344:
3224:
679:
found in 86-DOS 1.00 mentions that it is the "I/O System for 86-DOS version 0.60 and later".
3557:
508:
273:
234:
165:
160:
1556:
Disk formats supported by one of the last versions developed by Tim Paterson at Microsoft,
4180:
3850:
3807:
3648:
3540:
3263:
They Made America: From the Steam Engine to the Search Engine: Two Centuries of Innovators
3180:
3176:
3160:
3006:
2958:
2868:
2755:
2458:, but this entry for the number of physical sectors per track corresponds with BPB offset
2348:
1557:
1014:
890:
500:
479:
442:
350:
172:
27:
Discontinued computer operating system for x86 processors and predecessor to MS-DOS/PC DOS
3753:
889:
By 1982, when IBM asked Microsoft to release a version of DOS that was compatible with a
2534:, but this entry for the number of reserved logical sectors corresponds with BPB offset
496:
and persuaded them to offer CP/M-86 with the PC in exchange for a release of liability.
398:
so that any program could use them. He gave his copying program the more intuitive name
4135:
3913:
3491:
3485:
3132:
2750:. By Bornstein, Howard; Bredehoeft, Lawrence; Duncan, Ray; Morris, Carol; Rose, David;
2743:
2610:, but this entry for the number of logical sectors per FAT corresponds with BPB offset
2306:
1466:
529:
471:
333:
215:
4530:
4425:
4280:
4175:
3481:
3418:
3295:"The Origins of DOS: DOS Creator Gives His View of Relationship Between CP/M, MS-DOS"
3261:
3172:
3152:
3148:
3140:
2864:"An Inside Look at MS-DOS - The design decisions behind the popular operating system"
2731:
2727:
2591:, but this entry for the total number of logical sectors corresponds with BPB offset
910:
4300:
4255:
3624:
3531:
3447:
3340:
3290:
3253:
3156:
3122:
case as exhibit #2. The document also carries a typed date stamp as of 1981-07-22.)
2859:
2735:
2389:
2356:
2352:
1616:
1608:
1063:
1058:
545:
492:
354:
71:
17:
3717:
3830:"Microsoft makes source code for MS-DOS and Word for Windows available to public"
3647:(NB. While the publishers claim this would be MS-DOS 1.1 and 2.0, it actually is
4445:
4110:
3349:
3257:
3020:
2924:
2384:
2311:
2169:
1591:
1574:
1452:
1045:
1034:
691:
646:
642:
403:
395:
346:
303:
was very similar to that of CP/M. The system was licensed and then purchased by
226:
3950:
2833:
4195:
4185:
4082:
4072:
4052:
3849:(NB. While the author claims this would be MS-DOS 1.1 and 2.0, it actually is
3806:(NB. While the author claims this would be MS-DOS 1.1 and 2.0, it actually is
3422:. Seattle, Washington, USA. Case 2:05-cv-01719-TSZ Document 29. Archived from
3144:
3136:
2751:
2723:
2719:
2689:
2629:, but this entry for the number of hidden sectors corresponds with BPB offset
2496:, but this entry for the bytes per logical sector corresponds with BPB offset
992:
is significantly larger (whole tracks), and therefore the prototypical FAT ID
902:
894:
773:
650:
634:
504:
467:
454:
374:
281:
253:
83:
62:
3553:
3319:
2971:
2781:
2393:
4440:
4395:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4250:
3777:
3636:
3384:
3206:
930:
877:
533:
450:
438:
418:
304:
152:
4470:
4435:
4235:
4220:
4215:
4160:
4155:
4045:
3728:
2227:
1494:
934:
287:
86-DOS shared a few of its commands with other operating systems such as
3097:"86-DOS Sales Agreement between Seattle Computer Products and Microsoft"
42:
4485:
4455:
4410:
4385:
4320:
4315:
4305:
4210:
4200:
4190:
4170:
4140:
4115:
4092:
4087:
4077:
4002:
2900:
2828:
2372:
2328:
358:
296:
4465:
4460:
4360:
4350:
4345:
4325:
4275:
4240:
4165:
4062:
4035:
2658:
2477:, but this entry for the number of heads corresponds with BPB offset
914:
848:
365:
312:
308:
249:
2553:, but this entry for the number of FATs corresponds with BPB offset
929:
filesystem on a range of 8-inch and 5.25-inch floppy disk drives on
664:
Support for disk blocking/deblocking as requested since 1981-01-15.
3526:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3407:
United States District Court for the Western District of Washington
4480:
4415:
4405:
4390:
4355:
4245:
4205:
4067:
4057:
3569:(NB. This source mentions the 1981-07-27 as the date of purchase.)
898:
858:
638:
578:
553:
369:
3902:
86-DOS - Disk Operating System for the 8086 - Programmer's Manual
637:
file system logically fully compatible with what became known as
474:
before it accepted the product and wrote the user manual for it.
4475:
4400:
4380:
4330:
4295:
4145:
3908:. Version 0.3 (Preliminary ed.). Seattle, Washington, USA:
3748:. Version 0.3 (Preliminary ed.). Seattle, Washington, USA:
3198:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2380:
1003:
541:
341:
292:
288:
208:
3954:
2773:
2696:. Mountain View, CA, United States: Vintage Computer Federation
4103:
2376:
430:
185:
96:
3155:; Olsson, Mike; Osterman, Larry; Ostling, Ridge; Pai, Sunil;
2305:
In 1984 Seattle Computer Products released an OEM version of
2355:
demonstrated to him a way to display Kildall's name in DOS,
3875:
3742:
86-DOS - Disk Operating System for the 8086 - User's Manual
2817:
2815:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3605:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3597:
3595:
2813:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2748:
MS-DOS (Versions 1.0-3.2) Technical Reference Encyclopedia
394:. Paterson built these names into the operating system as
3629:"Microsoft DOS V1.1 and V2.0: /msdos/v11source/MSDOS.ASM"
3593:
3591:
3589:
3587:
3585:
3583:
3581:
3579:
3577:
3575:
2661:
corresponds with the media descriptor byte at BPB offset
3484:; Maxey, David; Michels, Raymond J.; Kyle, Jim (1994) .
3232:
3380:"Programmer sues author over role in Microsoft history"
3016:
Fire in the Valley: The Making of the Personal Computer
2992:(NB. The SCP advertisement already calls the product
618:
Cleaned up release for SCP OEMs including Microsoft.
3947:
in the Altair 8800 SIMH simulator by Howard M. Harte
3411:"Paterson v. Little, Brown, and Co., et al. - Order"
2905:
Triumph of the Nerds: The Rise of Accidental Empires
4228:
4101:
3989:
2663:
2631:
2612:
2593:
2574:
2555:
2536:
2517:
2498:
2479:
2460:
2441:
2396:. Jorito, Maggoo, John Hassink, MSX Resource Center
997:
993:
245:
233:
214:
204:
191:
181:
171:
159:
148:
128:
110:
102:
92:
77:
61:
2944:
2942:
453:-based plan. In later discussions between IBM and
441:with Digital Research's licensing representative,
406:, he drew on Microsoft Standalone Disk BASIC-86's
3169:The MS-DOS Encyclopedia: versions 1.0 through 3.2
1025:within the size limits of the FAT12 file system.
556:in MS-DOS/PC DOS. Possibly shipped already.
3048:
3046:
3044:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2435:
2433:
2431:
2429:
933:floppy disk controller hardware manufactured by
925:Seattle Computer Products' 86-DOS supported the
3713:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3705:
3703:
3701:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2410:
3091:
3089:
3087:
3085:
1565:8.0 in disk formats since 0.42 as well):
1013:86-DOS did not offer any specific support for
433:was developing what would become the original
3966:
413:By mid-1980 SCP advertised 86-DOS, priced at
8:
592:First version licensed by SCP to Microsoft.
35:
4577:Products and services discontinued in 1981
4510:
3995:
3973:
3959:
3951:
3778:MS-DOS 1.25 disk images for SIMH simulator
3729:86-DOS 1.00 disk images for SIMH simulator
3506:(xviii+856+vi pages, 3.5"-floppy) Errata:
2962:(Advertisement). Vol. 5, no. 8.
1021:, making hard disks accessible similar to
445:(née McEwen), who hesitated to sign IBM's
353:. In April 1980, SCP assigned 24-year-old
155:-based micro-computers with 8086 processor
34:
581:added. Renamed to 86-DOS by August 1980.
1567:
1027:
518:
328:86-DOS was created because sales of the
2954:"86-DOS - 8086 OPERATING SYSTEM - $ 95"
2680:
2340:
3490:(2 ed.). Reading, Massachusetts:
2347:Somewhat ironically in the context of
3231:(Podcast). 2006-10-16. Archived from
7:
3791:"Microsoft MS-DOS early source code"
765:
753:
742:
731:
720:
709:
698:
683:
668:
657:
622:
611:
603:First version distributed by SCP to
596:
585:
571:
560:
521:
4552:Floppy disk-based operating systems
2690:"The Original DOS and the Old Days"
1006:floppy media were readable through
956:86-DOS did not take advantage of a
653:and higher no longer supported it.
56:A sample 86-DOS session (simulated)
2738:; Peters, Chris; Phillips, Bruce;
968:under DOS 3.x and later versions.
402:. Rather than implementing CP/M's
25:
2899:Cringely, Robert X. (June 1996).
301:application programming interface
4509:
4499:
4498:
2824:"The Roots of DOS: Tim Paterson"
270:Quick and Dirty Operating System
50:
41:
3910:Seattle Computer Products, Inc.
3750:Seattle Computer Products, Inc.
3686:from the original on 2020-02-19
3361:from the original on 2021-12-03
3109:from the original on 2020-02-19
3066:from the original on 2020-02-18
2726:; King, Adrian; Larson, Chris;
1787:Byte payload / physical sector
1183:Byte payload / physical sector
4557:Discontinued operating systems
3388:. Associated Press. 2005-02-03
3159:; Perez, Gary; Peters, Chris;
3118:(NB. Published as part of the
3075:(NB. Published as part of the
2746:(1986). "Technical advisors".
2206:Cromemco / Tarbell FD1771
645:at the least, whereas generic
491:When Digital Research founder
299:programs from the latter. Its
1:
4562:Proprietary operating systems
3797:Historical Source Code Series
3355:Ziff-Davis Publishing Company
1287:86-DOS 0.42 and higher only)
532:. In contrast to the earlier
487:Intellectual property dispute
3874:. 2009-11-22. Archived from
3353:. Vol. 16, no. 9.
2822:Hunter, David (March 1983).
2688:Paterson, Tim (2018-08-05).
2224:Tarbell FD1791 / FD1793
2221:Tarbell FD1791 / FD1793
357:to develop a substitute for
134:86-DOS 1.10 / July 1981
4041:Multitasking MS-DOS 4.0/4.1
3795:The Computer History Museum
3789:Shustek, Len (2014-03-24).
3536:"A Short History of MS-DOS"
2653:DOS 1.x does not support a
2625:DOS 1.x does not support a
2606:DOS 1.x does not support a
2587:DOS 1.x does not support a
2568:DOS 1.x does not support a
2549:DOS 1.x does not support a
2530:DOS 1.x does not support a
2511:DOS 1.x does not support a
2492:DOS 1.x does not support a
2473:DOS 1.x does not support a
2454:DOS 1.x does not support a
136:; 43 years ago
116:; 44 years ago
4593:
4572:Assembly language software
4451:Technical Support SuperDOS
3019:(2nd ed.). New York:
2375:1, when he developed this
1845:Logical sectors / cluster
1223:Logical sectors / cluster
1007:
772:According to Tim Paterson
276:developed and marketed by
4494:
3998:
3828:Levin, Roy (2014-03-25).
3674:"SCP 86-DOS 1.0 Addendum"
3670:Seattle Computer Products
2950:Seattle Computer Products
2918:Edlin, Jim (1982-06-07).
2667:under DOS 2.0 and higher.
2657:, but this entry for the
2635:under DOS 3.0 and higher.
2616:under DOS 2.0 and higher.
2597:under DOS 2.0 and higher.
2578:under DOS 2.0 and higher.
2559:under DOS 2.0 and higher.
2540:under DOS 2.0 and higher.
2521:under DOS 2.0 and higher.
2502:under DOS 2.0 and higher.
2483:under DOS 3.0 and higher.
2464:under DOS 3.0 and higher.
2359:claims to have hidden an
2050:Total number of clusters
1874:Reserved logical sectors
1729:Physical sectors / track
1243:Reserved logical sectors
1143:Physical sectors / track
907:text-based user interface
607:and Microsoft as 86-DOS.
330:Seattle Computer Products
307:and developed further as
278:Seattle Computer Products
68:Seattle Computer Products
49:
40:
3941:from Paterson Technology
3229:The TWiT Netcast Network
2394:"The History of MSX-DOS"
2383:clone resembling 86-DOS/
2200:Cromemco / Tarbell
1671:Formatted capacity (KB)
1103:Formatted capacity (KB)
986:logical block addressing
796:is supported by 86-DOS.
538:Standalone Disk BASIC-86
447:non-disclosure agreement
338:Standalone Disk BASIC-86
295:, which made it easy to
3834:Official Microsoft Blog
3633:Computer History Museum
2132:sector+/ head+/ track+
1816:Bytes / logical sector
1203:Bytes / logical sector
984:(CHS) address 0/0/2 or
972:
738:Modified system calls.
461:Creation of PC DOS
4542:Disk operating systems
4537:Microcomputer software
4151:Datapac System Manager
3982:Disk operating systems
2964:BYTE Publications Inc.
2878:Byte Publications Inc.
2137:First physical sector
2123:sector+/ head+/ track+
2120:sector+/ head+/ track+
1992:Logical sectors / FAT
1963:Total logical sectors
1932:Root directory entries
1429:First physical sector
1418:sector+/ head+/ track+
1349:Logical sectors / FAT
1329:Total logical sectors
1307:Root directory entries
1283:Root directory entries
1019:Tallgrass Technologies
947:Western Digital FD1771
921:Supported disk formats
792:The following list of
223:Command-line interface
3859:TeleVideo PC DOS 2.11
3816:TeleVideo PC DOS 2.11
3657:TeleVideo PC DOS 2.11
3312:MicroDesign Resources
3303:Microprocessor Report
3268:Little, Brown and Co.
2742:; Stillmaker, Betty;
2236:SCP / Cromemco 16FDC
2079:Logical sector order
1560:(March 1982) for the
1389:Logical sector order
990:reserved sectors area
507:. The court ruled in
435:IBM Personal Computer
408:File Allocation Table
284:-based computer kit.
264:(known internally as
106:Historic, unsupported
3939:86-DOS documentation
3912:1980. Archived from
3752:1980. Archived from
3079:case as exhibit #1.)
2233:SCP / Cromemco 16FDC
982:cylinder-head-sector
962:BIOS parameter block
943:North Star Computers
727:Added system calls.
536:filesystem found in
272:) is a discontinued
4311:DEC BATCH-11/DOS-11
3990:MS-DOS, IBM PC DOS,
3225:"this WEEK in TECH"
939:Tarbell Electronics
905:, which included a
550:File Control Blocks
410:(FAT) file system.
392:communication ports
37:
18:86-DOS disk formats
4291:Concurrent DOS V60
4286:Concurrent DOS 68K
4131:Concurrent CP/M-86
3992:compatible systems
3945:Run SCP 86-DOS 1.0
3480:Schulman, Andrew;
3256:; Buckland, Gail;
3120:Comes v. Microsoft
3077:Comes v. Microsoft
567:Bug fix shipment.
4524:
4523:
4031:
4030:
3855:Altos MS-DOS 2.11
3853:and a mixture of
3812:Altos MS-DOS 2.11
3810:and a mixture of
3793:. Software Gems:
3653:Altos MS-DOS 2.11
3651:and a mixture of
3163:; Pollock, John;
2363:, displaying his
2303:
2302:
1551:
1550:
1477:Cromemco/Tarbell
837:External commands
800:Internal commands
780:
779:
561:QDOS/86-DOS 0.11
429:In October 1980,
259:
258:
199:Monolithic kernel
87:assembly language
16:(Redirected from
4584:
4513:
4512:
4502:
4501:
3996:
3975:
3968:
3961:
3952:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3918:
3907:
3887:
3886:
3884:
3883:
3868:
3862:
3848:
3846:
3845:
3836:. Archived from
3825:
3819:
3805:
3803:
3802:
3786:
3780:
3775:
3769:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3758:
3747:
3737:
3731:
3726:
3720:
3715:
3696:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3685:
3678:
3666:
3660:
3646:
3644:
3643:
3621:
3570:
3568:
3566:
3565:
3556:. Archived from
3528:
3511:
3505:
3477:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3458:. Archived from
3444:
3438:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3428:
3415:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3393:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3337:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3322:. Archived from
3299:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3221:
3215:
3210:
3177:Petzold, Charles
3161:Petzold, Charles
3129:
3123:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3108:
3101:
3093:
3080:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3065:
3058:
3050:
3039:
3038:
3007:Freiberger, Paul
3003:
2997:
2989:
2987:
2986:
2946:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2915:
2909:
2908:
2907:. Season 1. PBS.
2896:
2890:
2888:
2886:
2885:
2856:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2832:. Archived from
2819:
2790:
2785:
2716:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2685:
2668:
2665:
2651:
2645:
2642:
2636:
2633:
2623:
2617:
2614:
2604:
2598:
2595:
2585:
2579:
2576:
2566:
2560:
2557:
2547:
2541:
2538:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2509:
2503:
2500:
2490:
2484:
2481:
2471:
2465:
2462:
2452:
2446:
2443:
2437:
2424:
2420:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2345:
2197:Controller type
1958:112 (7 sectors)
1758:Number of heads
1700:Cylinders (CHS)
1568:
1474:Controller type
1424:sector+/ track+
1163:Number of heads
1123:Cylinders (CHS)
1028:
999:
995:
678:
626:25 February 1981
615:29 December 1980
589:15 November 1980
572:QDOS/86-DOS 0.2
519:
509:summary judgment
351:hard disk drives
274:operating system
149:Marketing target
144:
142:
137:
124:
122:
117:
54:
45:
38:
32:Operating system
21:
4592:
4591:
4587:
4586:
4585:
4583:
4582:
4581:
4527:
4526:
4525:
4520:
4490:
4229:Other platforms
4224:
4181:NetWare PalmDOS
4097:
4027:
3991:
3985:
3979:
3935:
3922:
3920:
3916:
3905:
3899:
3896:
3894:Further reading
3891:
3890:
3881:
3879:
3870:
3869:
3865:
3851:SCP MS-DOS 1.25
3843:
3841:
3827:
3826:
3822:
3808:SCP MS-DOS 1.25
3800:
3798:
3788:
3787:
3783:
3776:
3772:
3762:
3760:
3756:
3745:
3739:
3738:
3734:
3727:
3723:
3716:
3699:
3689:
3687:
3683:
3676:
3668:
3667:
3663:
3649:SCP MS-DOS 1.25
3641:
3639:
3627:(2013-12-19) .
3623:
3622:
3573:
3563:
3561:
3530:
3529:
3514:
3502:
3479:
3478:
3474:
3465:
3463:
3452:"Design of DOS"
3446:
3445:
3441:
3432:
3430:
3426:
3413:
3409:(2007-07-25) .
3405:
3404:
3400:
3391:
3389:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3364:
3362:
3345:"DOS Testimony"
3339:
3338:
3334:
3326:
3297:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3277:
3252:
3251:
3247:
3238:
3236:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3191:
3181:Microsoft Press
3165:Reynolds, Aaron
3133:Zbikowski, Mark
3131:
3130:
3126:
3112:
3110:
3106:
3099:
3095:
3094:
3083:
3069:
3067:
3063:
3056:
3052:
3051:
3042:
3035:
3011:Swaine, Michael
3005:
3004:
3000:
2984:
2982:
2952:(August 1980).
2948:
2947:
2940:
2931:
2929:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2883:
2881:
2858:
2857:
2848:
2839:
2837:
2821:
2820:
2793:
2766:
2756:Microsoft Press
2744:Zbikowski, Mark
2740:Reynolds, Aaron
2718:
2717:
2708:
2699:
2697:
2687:
2686:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2671:
2652:
2648:
2643:
2639:
2624:
2620:
2605:
2601:
2586:
2582:
2567:
2563:
2548:
2544:
2529:
2525:
2510:
2506:
2491:
2487:
2472:
2468:
2453:
2449:
2438:
2427:
2421:
2408:
2399:
2397:
2388:
2349:Jerry Pournelle
2346:
2342:
2337:
2320:
2129:sector+/ track+
2126:sector+/ track+
2117:sector+/ track+
2114:sector+/ track+
2111:sector+/ track+
2108:Sector mapping
2021:Hidden sectors
1952:64 (16 sectors)
1949:192 (6 sectors)
1946:128 (4 sectors)
1940:68 (17 sectors)
1937:64 (16 sectors)
1933:
1903:Number of FATs
1600:5.25 inch
1421:sector+/ track+
1415:sector+/ track+
1412:sector+/ track+
1409:Sector mapping
1369:Hidden sectors
1308:
1302:64 (8 sectors)
1299:64 (16 sectors)
1296:128 (4 sectors)
1290:64 (16 sectors)
1286:
1284:
1263:Number of FATs
1050:5.25 inch
923:
895:PC DOS 2.0
891:hard disk drive
887:
882:
839:
834:
802:
790:
785:
774:PC DOS 1.0
676:
651:PC DOS 1.1
517:
501:Jerry Pournelle
489:
472:change requests
463:
443:Dorothy Kildall
427:
326:
321:
217:
173:Package manager
140:
138:
135:
120:
118:
115:
111:Initial release
57:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4590:
4588:
4580:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4529:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4518:
4507:
4495:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4232:
4230:
4226:
4225:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4136:Concurrent DOS
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4106:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4043:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
3999:
3993:
3987:
3986:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3970:
3963:
3955:
3949:
3948:
3942:
3934:
3933:External links
3931:
3930:
3929:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3863:
3820:
3781:
3770:
3732:
3721:
3697:
3695:(1+14+1 pages)
3661:
3571:
3548:(6 ed.).
3512:
3500:
3492:Addison Wesley
3482:Brown, Ralf D.
3472:
3450:(2007-09-30).
3439:
3398:
3371:
3357:. p. 24.
3343:(1997-05-06).
3332:
3329:on 2012-05-31.
3293:(1994-10-03).
3282:
3275:
3245:
3216:
3189:
3183:. p. 20.
3173:Letwin, Gordon
3149:McDonald, Marc
3141:Ballmer, Steve
3124:
3102:. 1981-07-27.
3081:
3059:. 1981-01-06.
3040:
3033:
2998:
2938:
2910:
2891:
2846:
2791:
2764:
2728:Letwin, Gordon
2706:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2646:
2637:
2618:
2599:
2580:
2561:
2542:
2523:
2504:
2485:
2466:
2447:
2439:Executing the
2425:
2406:
2392:(2014-02-17).
2351:'s claim that
2339:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2326:
2319:
2316:
2301:
2300:
2297:
2294:
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2250:
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2222:
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2207:
2204:
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2194:
2193:
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2181:
2178:
2175:
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2163:
2162:
2159:
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2147:
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2138:
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2133:
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2018:
2017:
2014:
2011:
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1996:
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1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
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1960:
1959:
1956:
1955:64 (4 sectors)
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1943:96 (3 sectors)
1941:
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1935:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1922:
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1598:
1597:5.25 inch
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1503:
1498:
1492:
1491:Tarbell FD1791
1489:
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1475:
1471:
1470:
1464:
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1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1293:96 (3 sectors)
1291:
1288:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1258:30 (3 tracks)
1256:
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1150:
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1144:
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1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1113:
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1100:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1052:
1051:
1048:
1046:5.25 inch
1043:
1040:
1037:
1032:
922:
919:
909:editor called
886:
883:
881:
880:
875:
870:
867:
864:
861:
856:
851:
846:
840:
838:
835:
833:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
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801:
798:
789:
786:
784:
781:
778:
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770:
767:
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762:
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750:
747:
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736:
733:
729:
728:
725:
722:
718:
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714:
711:
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695:
688:
685:
681:
680:
673:
670:
666:
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662:
659:
655:
654:
627:
624:
620:
619:
616:
613:
609:
608:
601:
598:
594:
593:
590:
587:
583:
582:
576:
573:
569:
568:
565:
562:
558:
557:
530:FAT filesystem
526:
523:
516:
513:
488:
485:
462:
459:
426:
423:
325:
322:
320:
317:
280:(SCP) for its
257:
256:
247:
243:
242:
237:
231:
230:
220:
218:user interface
212:
211:
206:
202:
201:
196:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
175:
169:
168:
163:
157:
156:
150:
146:
145:
132:
130:Latest release
126:
125:
112:
108:
107:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
81:
75:
74:
65:
59:
58:
55:
47:
46:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4589:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4567:1979 software
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4517:
4508:
4506:
4497:
4496:
4493:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4426:Sinclair QDOS
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4281:Commodore DOS
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4176:Multiuser DOS
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4105:
4100:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4038:
4037:
4034:
4033:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4004:
4001:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3988:
3983:
3976:
3971:
3969:
3964:
3962:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3932:
3919:on 2019-06-23
3915:
3911:
3904:
3903:
3898:
3897:
3893:
3878:on 2013-09-04
3877:
3873:
3867:
3864:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3840:on 2014-03-28
3839:
3835:
3831:
3824:
3821:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3796:
3792:
3785:
3782:
3779:
3774:
3771:
3759:on 2019-07-14
3755:
3751:
3744:
3743:
3736:
3733:
3730:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3714:
3712:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3704:
3702:
3698:
3682:
3675:
3671:
3665:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3650:
3638:
3634:
3630:
3626:
3625:Paterson, Tim
3620:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3606:
3604:
3602:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3560:on 2015-10-31
3559:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3542:
3537:
3534:(June 1983).
3533:
3532:Paterson, Tim
3527:
3525:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3503:
3501:0-201-63287-X
3497:
3493:
3489:
3488:
3483:
3476:
3473:
3462:on 2013-01-20
3461:
3457:
3456:DosMan Drivel
3453:
3449:
3448:Paterson, Tim
3443:
3440:
3429:on 2018-10-03
3425:
3421:
3420:
3419:Seattle Times
3412:
3408:
3402:
3399:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3375:
3372:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3351:
3346:
3342:
3341:Paterson, Tim
3336:
3333:
3325:
3321:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3304:
3296:
3292:
3291:Paterson, Tim
3286:
3283:
3278:
3276:0-316-27766-5
3272:
3269:
3265:
3264:
3259:
3255:
3254:Evans, Harold
3249:
3246:
3235:on 2013-04-18
3234:
3230:
3226:
3220:
3217:
3213:
3208:
3204:
3200:
3196:
3192:
3190:1-55615-049-0
3186:
3182:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3157:Paterson, Tim
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3121:
3105:
3098:
3092:
3090:
3088:
3086:
3082:
3078:
3062:
3055:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3036:
3034:0-07-135892-7
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3017:
3012:
3008:
3002:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2966:p. 173.
2965:
2961:
2960:
2955:
2951:
2945:
2943:
2939:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2914:
2911:
2906:
2902:
2895:
2892:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2870:
2865:
2862:(June 1983).
2861:
2860:Paterson, Tim
2855:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2836:on 2019-09-06
2835:
2831:
2830:
2825:
2818:
2816:
2814:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2804:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2765:0-914845-69-1
2761:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2736:Paterson, Tim
2733:
2729:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2713:
2711:
2707:
2695:
2691:
2684:
2681:
2674:
2666:
2660:
2656:
2650:
2647:
2641:
2638:
2634:
2628:
2622:
2619:
2615:
2609:
2603:
2600:
2596:
2590:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2571:
2565:
2562:
2558:
2552:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2533:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2514:
2508:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2470:
2467:
2463:
2457:
2451:
2448:
2444:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2430:
2426:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2407:
2395:
2391:
2390:Paterson, Tim
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2367:name, in the
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2344:
2341:
2334:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2308:
2298:
2295:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2266:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:Sector index
2165:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1934:(á 32 bytes)
1931:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1894:
1892:54 (3 tracks)
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1877:52 (2 tracks)
1876:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1554:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:Sector index
1448:
1447:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1309:(á 16 bytes)
1306:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1255:54 (3 tracks)
1254:
1251:
1248:
1246:52 (2 tracks)
1245:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1023:superfloppies
1020:
1016:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1001:
991:
987:
983:
978:
974:
969:
967:
963:
959:
954:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
920:
918:
916:
912:
911:MS-DOS Editor
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
884:
879:
876:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
841:
836:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
805:
804:
799:
797:
795:
787:
782:
775:
771:
768:
764:
759:
756:
752:
748:
745:
741:
737:
735:28 April 1981
734:
730:
726:
724:27 April 1981
723:
719:
715:
713:23 April 1981
712:
708:
704:
702:17 April 1981
701:
697:
693:
689:
687:15 April 1981
686:
682:
674:
672:27 March 1981
671:
667:
663:
661:23 March 1981
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
625:
621:
617:
614:
610:
606:
602:
599:
595:
591:
588:
584:
580:
577:
574:
570:
566:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
546:8.3 filenames
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
524:
520:
514:
512:
510:
506:
502:
497:
494:
486:
484:
481:
475:
473:
469:
460:
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
432:
424:
422:
420:
416:
411:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
380:
376:
371:
367:
362:
360:
356:
352:
348:
343:
339:
335:
331:
323:
318:
316:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
285:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
255:
251:
248:
244:
241:
238:
236:
232:
228:
224:
221:
219:
213:
210:
207:
205:Influenced by
203:
200:
197:
194:
190:
187:
184:
180:
176:
174:
170:
167:
164:
162:
158:
154:
151:
147:
133:
131:
127:
113:
109:
105:
103:Working state
101:
98:
95:
91:
88:
85:
82:
80:
76:
73:
69:
66:
64:
60:
53:
48:
44:
39:
30:
19:
4547:DOS variants
4301:Cromemco DOS
4256:Apple ProDOS
4120:
3921:. Retrieved
3914:the original
3901:
3880:. Retrieved
3876:the original
3866:
3842:. Retrieved
3838:the original
3833:
3823:
3799:. Retrieved
3784:
3773:
3761:. Retrieved
3754:the original
3741:
3735:
3724:
3688:. Retrieved
3664:
3640:. Retrieved
3562:. Retrieved
3558:the original
3545:
3539:
3486:
3475:
3464:. Retrieved
3460:the original
3455:
3442:
3431:. Retrieved
3424:the original
3417:
3401:
3390:. Retrieved
3383:
3374:
3363:. Retrieved
3348:
3335:
3324:the original
3307:
3301:
3285:
3262:
3258:Lefer, David
3248:
3237:. Retrieved
3233:the original
3228:
3219:
3168:
3127:
3111:. Retrieved
3068:. Retrieved
3015:
3001:
2993:
2983:. Retrieved
2957:
2930:. Retrieved
2923:
2913:
2904:
2894:
2882:. Retrieved
2873:
2867:
2838:. Retrieved
2834:the original
2827:
2747:
2698:. Retrieved
2693:
2683:
2649:
2640:
2621:
2602:
2583:
2564:
2545:
2526:
2507:
2488:
2469:
2450:
2398:. Retrieved
2364:
2357:Tim Paterson
2353:Gary Kildall
2343:
2304:
1674:250.25 (SCP)
1561:
1555:
1552:
1285:(á 32 bytes,
1012:
1002:
970:
955:
924:
888:
791:
766:86-DOS 1.14
757:21 July 1981
754:86-DOS 1.10
743:86-DOS 1.01
732:86-DOS 1.00
721:86-DOS 0.80
710:86-DOS 0.76
699:86-DOS 0.75
692:device files
684:86-DOS 0.74
669:86-DOS 0.60
658:86-DOS 0.56
623:86-DOS 0.42
612:86-DOS 0.34
597:86-DOS 0.33
498:
493:Gary Kildall
490:
476:
464:
428:
425:IBM interest
412:
396:device files
363:
355:Tim Paterson
349:formats and
334:computer kit
327:
286:
269:
265:
261:
260:
246:Succeeded by
161:Available in
72:Tim Paterson
29:
4446:SpartaDOS X
3350:PC Magazine
3347:. Letters.
3153:O'Rear, Bob
3145:Gates, Bill
3137:Allen, Paul
3023:. pp.
3021:McGraw-Hill
2925:PC Magazine
2752:Socha, John
2732:O'Rear, Bob
2724:Gates, Bill
2720:Allen, Paul
2385:MS-DOS 1.25
2312:MS-DOS 1.25
2230:4FDC FD1771
1677:250.25 (MS)
1638:Modulation
1588:8 inch
1585:8 inch
1582:8 inch
1579:8 inch
1575:8 inch
1562:SCP Gazelle
1558:MS-DOS 1.25
1079:Modulation
1042:8 inch
1039:8 inch
1035:8 inch
1015:fixed disks
1004:CP/M 2
973:86-DOS 0.42
913:, based on
746:12 May 1981
647:MS-DOS 1.20
643:MS-DOS 1.14
586:86-DOS 0.3
404:file system
347:floppy disk
313:PC DOS
240:Proprietary
227:COMMAND.COM
4531:Categories
4196:PC-MOS/386
4186:Novell DOS
4083:SISNE plus
4073:Novell DOS
4053:IBM PC DOS
4013:Comparison
3928:(41 pages)
3923:2011-09-13
3882:2014-05-06
3844:2014-03-29
3801:2014-03-29
3768:(59 pages)
3763:2019-07-14
3690:2013-04-02
3642:2014-03-25
3564:2013-08-18
3466:2011-07-04
3433:2014-12-21
3392:2006-11-28
3365:2021-12-03
3239:2006-11-28
3113:2013-04-01
3070:2013-04-01
2985:2013-08-18
2932:2013-10-21
2884:2013-10-19
2840:2013-08-18
2700:2022-03-01
2675:References
2400:2014-05-31
2361:easter egg
2307:MS-DOS 2.0
1683:1232 (SCP)
1594: inch
966:DRIVER.SYS
903:MS-DOS 5.0
769:1981-10/11
635:12-bit FAT
631:MDOS/MIDAS
522:QDOS 0.10
505:defamation
468:Intel 8088
455:Bill Gates
375:Intel 8080
282:Intel 8086
254:IBM PC DOS
79:Written in
4441:SpartaDOS
4396:NewDos/80
4271:Atari TOS
4266:Atari DOS
4261:Apple SOS
4251:Apple DOS
3637:Microsoft
3554:0360-5280
3385:USA Today
3320:0899-9341
3013:(2000) .
2972:0360-5280
2901:"Part II"
2782:635600205
2387:in 1983:
2275:Presence
1686:1232 (MS)
1532:presence
1524:No (FEh)
1501:NorthStar
977:cluster 0
749:Bug fix.
716:Bug fix.
705:Bug fix.
677:DOSIO.ASM
675:The file
534:8-bit FAT
439:licensing
419:Zilog Z80
305:Microsoft
182:Platforms
93:OS family
63:Developer
4505:Category
4471:TurboDOS
4436:SmartDOS
4376:MicroDOS
4236:AmigaDOS
4221:TurboDOS
4216:Towns OS
4161:K8918-OS
4156:DOS Plus
4046:MS-DOS 7
4018:Commands
4008:Timeline
3681:Archived
3672:(1981).
3359:Archived
3260:(2004).
3207:16581341
3199:87-21452
3104:Archived
3061:Archived
2371:code of
2318:See also
2228:Cromemco
2215: /
1605:Density
1521:No (FEh)
1518:No (FEh)
1515:No (FEh)
1512:No (FEh)
1495:Cromemco
1055:Density
960:byte or
935:Cromemco
866:MAKRDCPM
794:commands
788:Commands
783:Features
600:1980-12
575:1980-08
564:1980-08
515:Versions
388:printers
70: /
4486:Z80-RIO
4456:Top-DOS
4411:RealDOS
4386:MSX-DOS
4321:DOS/360
4316:DIP DOS
4306:CSI-DOS
4211:SCP1700
4201:REAL/32
4191:OpenDOS
4171:MP/M-86
4141:CP/M-86
4116:4690 OS
4111:4680 OS
4093:FreeDOS
4088:PTS-DOS
4078:ROM-DOS
3314:(MDR).
3025:332–333
2829:Softalk
2774:86-8640
2694:YouTube
2379:-based
2373:MSX-DOS
2329:MSX-DOS
2210:Tarbell
1484:Tarbell
1469:(10+1)
1106:250.25
863:HEX2BIN
544:-style
525:1980-07
451:royalty
359:CP/M-86
324:Origins
319:History
235:License
216:Default
166:English
141:1981-07
139: (
119: (
4514:
4503:
4466:TRSDOS
4461:TR-DOS
4361:iS-DOS
4351:IDEDOS
4346:GEMDOS
4326:DOS XL
4276:BW-DOS
4241:AMSDOS
4166:FlexOS
4121:86-DOS
4102:Other
4063:DR-DOS
4036:MS-DOS
3552:
3498:
3318:
3310:(13).
3273:
3205:
3197:
3187:
3031:
2994:86-DOS
2980:BYTEDJ
2978:
2970:
2780:
2772:
2762:
2659:FAT ID
2242:FAT ID
2217:FD1793
2213:FD1791
2202:FD1771
1508:FAT ID
1497:FD1771
1487:FD1791
1479:FD1771
958:FAT ID
951:FD1791
945:. The
915:QBasic
849:CHKDSK
825:RENAME
690:Added
379:cached
366:16-bit
309:MS-DOS
268:, for
262:86-DOS
250:MS-DOS
193:Kernel
36:86-DOS
4481:Z-DOS
4416:SB-80
4406:PTDOS
4391:MyDOS
4356:IMDOS
4246:ANDOS
4206:SB-86
4068:H-DOS
4058:DOS/V
4023:Games
3984:(DOS)
3917:(PDF)
3906:(PDF)
3757:(PDF)
3746:(PDF)
3684:(PDF)
3677:(PDF)
3427:(PDF)
3414:(PDF)
3327:(PDF)
3298:(PDF)
3107:(PDF)
3100:(PDF)
3064:(PDF)
3057:(PDF)
2976:CODEN
2880:: 230
2872:. 6.
2442:CLEAR
2335:Notes
2324:MIDAS
2192:Soft
1571:Size
1118:87.5
1112:1232
1031:Size
1008:RDCPM
996:(and
931:S-100
927:FAT12
899:EDLIN
885:EDLIN
878:TRANS
869:RDCPM
859:EDLIN
854:DEBUG
820:ERASE
806:CLEAR
639:FAT12
579:EDLIN
554:FAT12
480:TRANS
370:8-bit
332:8086
153:S-100
4516:List
4476:UDOS
4431:RDOS
4401:OS/M
4381:MP/M
4371:MDOS
4366:ISIS
4341:FLEX
4331:Edos
4296:CP/M
4146:CP/K
4126:ADOS
3857:and
3814:and
3655:and
3550:ISSN
3541:Byte
3496:ISBN
3316:ISSN
3271:ISBN
3203:OCLC
3195:LCCN
3185:ISBN
3029:ISBN
2968:ISSN
2959:Byte
2928:: 43
2869:Byte
2778:OCLC
2770:LCCN
2760:ISBN
2664:0x0A
2632:0x11
2613:0x0B
2594:0x08
2575:0x06
2556:0x05
2537:0x03
2518:0x02
2499:0x00
2480:0x0F
2461:0x0D
2381:CP/M
2267:FFh
2189:Soft
2186:Soft
2183:Soft
2180:Soft
2177:Soft
2174:Soft
2170:Soft
2074:315
2065:1227
1987:640
1978:1232
1975:1232
1969:2002
1966:2002
1840:512
1831:1024
1828:1024
1825:1024
1811:512
1802:1024
1799:1024
1796:1024
1695:320
1666:MFM
1592:5.25
1467:Hard
1463:Soft
1460:Soft
1457:Soft
1453:Soft
1344:350
1338:1232
1332:2002
1218:256
1212:1024
1209:1024
1198:256
1192:1024
1189:1024
1109:616
998:0xFF
994:0xFE
941:and
830:TYPE
810:COPY
605:OEMs
548:and
542:CP/M
415:US$
400:COPY
390:and
342:CP/M
311:and
297:port
293:CP/M
291:and
289:OS/8
266:QDOS
209:CP/M
195:type
121:1980
114:1980
84:8086
4421:SCP
4336:EOS
4104:x86
4003:API
2655:BPB
2627:BPB
2608:BPB
2589:BPB
2570:BPB
2551:BPB
2532:BPB
2513:BPB
2494:BPB
2475:BPB
2456:BPB
2377:Z80
2369:FAT
2365:own
2299:No
2273:BPB
2264:FEh
2261:FEh
2258:FEh
2255:FEh
2252:FEh
2249:FEh
2246:FEh
2071:313
2056:497
1984:320
1981:720
1972:616
1837:512
1834:128
1822:128
1819:128
1808:512
1805:128
1793:128
1790:128
1724:40
1692:160
1680:616
1663:MFM
1657:MFM
1654:MFM
1650:MFM
1633:DD
1547:No
1530:BPB
1341:720
1335:616
1215:128
1206:128
1195:128
1186:128
1158:10
1138:35
1115:90
1098:FM
1092:MFM
1088:MFM
1074:SD
873:SYS
844:ASM
815:DIR
431:IBM
384:PIP
186:x86
177:N/A
97:DOS
4533::
3861:.)
3832:.
3818:.)
3700:^
3679:.
3659:.)
3635:,
3631:.
3574:^
3544:.
3538:.
3515:^
3494:.
3454:.
3416:.
3382:.
3306:.
3300:.
3266:.
3227:.
3201:.
3193:.
3175:;
3139:;
3135:;
3084:^
3043:^
3027:.
3009:;
2974:.
2956:.
2941:^
2922:.
2903:.
2876:.
2866:.
2849:^
2826:.
2794:^
2776:.
2768:.
2758:.
2734:;
2730:;
2722:;
2709:^
2692:.
2428:^
2409:^
2314:.
2296:No
2293:No
2290:No
2287:No
2284:No
2281:No
2278:No
2161:1
2103:?
2045:0
2016:1
1995:6?
1927:2
1898:1
1869:2
1782:2
1753:8
1747:18
1735:26
1732:26
1721:40
1718:40
1715:77
1712:77
1709:77
1706:77
1703:77
1689:90
1660:FM
1646:FM
1642:FM
1630:DD
1627:SD
1624:DD
1621:DD
1617:DD
1613:SD
1609:SD
1544:No
1541:No
1538:No
1535:No
1444:0
1404:?
1384:0
1364:?
1352:6?
1324:—
1321:64
1312:64
1278:2
1238:1
1178:1
1155:18
1146:26
1135:40
1132:77
1129:77
1126:77
1095:FM
1083:FM
1071:SD
1068:DD
1064:DD
1059:SD
1010:.
937:,
893:,
694:.
649:/
361:.
315:.
252:,
3974:e
3967:t
3960:v
3926:.
3885:.
3847:.
3804:.
3766:.
3693:.
3645:.
3567:.
3546:8
3504:.
3469:.
3436:.
3395:.
3368:.
3308:8
3279:.
3242:.
3214:)
3209:.
3116:.
3073:.
3037:.
2988:.
2935:.
2887:.
2874:8
2843:.
2789:)
2784:.
2703:.
2403:.
2158:1
2155:1
2152:1
2149:1
2146:1
2143:1
2140:1
2100:?
2097:?
2094:?
2091:?
2088:?
2085:?
2082:?
2068:?
2062:?
2059:?
2053:?
2042:0
2039:0
2036:0
2033:0
2030:0
2027:0
2024:0
2013:1
2010:4
2007:2
2004:?
2001:1
1998:6
1924:2
1921:2
1918:2
1915:2
1912:2
1909:2
1906:2
1895:1
1889:1
1886:1
1883:1
1880:1
1866:1
1863:2
1860:1
1857:1
1854:1
1851:4
1848:4
1779:1
1776:1
1773:2
1770:2
1767:1
1764:1
1761:1
1750:8
1744:8
1741:8
1738:8
1441:1
1438:1
1435:1
1432:1
1401:?
1398:?
1395:?
1392:?
1381:0
1378:0
1375:0
1372:0
1361:?
1358:?
1355:?
1318:?
1315:?
1275:2
1272:2
1269:2
1266:2
1252:1
1249:1
1235:2
1232:1
1229:1
1226:4
1175:1
1172:2
1169:1
1166:1
1152:8
1149:8
229:)
225:(
143:)
123:)
20:)
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