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an experimental pack which ultimately led to the development of the U.S. tuna-canning industry. The experiment was a huge success, and the commercial fishery expanded rapidly due to the high level of demand for canned tuna. By the 1920s, the industry expanded further and three other species of tuna—bluefin, yellowfin, and skipjack—were also being canned. Albacore tuna is the only species that can be marketed as "white meat tuna". The canning industry uses this label to differentiate canned albacore from other types of tuna.
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in cooler waters. The opposite is true for the
Pacific Ocean, where fish are found more abundantly along thermal discontinuities. Depth range also varies by location: Atlantic fish dive as deep as 600 m (2,000 ft) where Pacific fish reach only 380 m (1,250 ft) in depth. In the northeast Atlantic, feeding migrations to productive areas occur during the summer. Due to climate changes over the last 40 years, the timing and spatial distribution of the albacore have also changed.
918:. Its temperature range is 10–25 °C (50–77 °F). Its depth range is 0–600 m (0–1,969 ft; 0–328 fathoms) in the epipelagic and mesopelagic zones. It is most often found in surface waters 15.6–19.4 °C (60.1–66.9 °F) in temperature, though larger individuals can be found in deeper waters 13.5–25.2 °C (56.3–77.4 °F). It can survive at temperatures as low as 9.5 °C (49.1 °F) for short periods of time. It favors areas where warm and cool water mix.
962:(AFRF) in tagging studies of albacore in the North Pacific. Through these studies we have learned that juvenile albacore (to 2 years of age) make trans-Pacific migrations in their younger years between Japan and the West coast of North America. To date over 24,000 albacore have been tagged with conventional dart tags and 1,245 of these have been recovered. In Spring of 2001 AFRF and the SWFSC began a pilot project to learn more about the migration habits of North Pacific albacore,
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operations contribute from 3-20% of the gross domestic product in four PICTs. License fees from foreign ships provide an average of 3-40% of government revenue for seven different PICTs. Processing facilities and tuna fishing vessels provide more than 12,000 jobs for workers in the
Pacific islands. Fish provide 50-90% of dietary animal protein in rural areas of PICTs.
876:, usually as far as the second dorsal finlet, often as long as 30% of the fish's total length. Like the fish's body, the fins are dark blue on top, but change to a medium yellow color on the underside. They are markedly shorter in fish under 0.5 m (1 ft 8 in) in length, often resulting in confusion with
1011:, albacore make frequent dives to depths exceeding 200 m (660 ft) during the day and stay near the surface at night, while off the coast of Washington and Oregon they stay near the surface the entire day. Albacore never really rest; their need for oxygen means they must always be on the move.
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but the spawning stock biomass is overfished. IOTC judges albacore in the Indian Ocean are not overfished, but maintaining or increasing effort in the core albacore fishing grounds is likely to result in further declines in albacore biomass. All of the tuna
Regional Fisheries Management Organizations
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juveniles, which also have long pectoral fins, though these are rounded at the tips where the albacore's taper to a point. The first dorsal fin is a deep yellow and the second, which is smaller than the first, is a light yellow, as is the anal fin. It has 7–9 dorsal finlets and 7–8 anal finlets, dark
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in body tissue over time. Methylmercury is removed from the human body naturally, but it may take over a year for the levels to drop significantly. Thus, it may remain in a woman from before she becomes pregnant. Ranging from as low as 0.027 ppm (parts per million) to 0.26 ppm, the average
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countries and territories (PICTs) heavily rely on oceanic fisheries for economic development and food security. The albacore is one of the main four species of tuna that support oceanic fisheries along with the skipjack, yellowfin, and the bigeye tunas. Domestic tuna fleets and local fish processing
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The harvest of albacore tuna for commercial use began at the start of the 20th century. The migratory patterns of the fish brought droves of albacore schools near the coastline of southern
California, which sparked the start of commercial albacore fishing. In 1903, 700 cases of albacore were used as
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weeds. Schools of albacore are highly migratory within bodies of water and segregated by maturity, with older fish tending to form more compact groups. Of those caught by humans, immature albacore have a 1:1 sex ratio while older albacore are mostly male. In the
Atlantic Ocean, older fish are found
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higher methylmercury levels. For the most part, there is positive correlation between an albacore's methylmercury measurement and its weight and length. Albacore caught by the
American albacore fishing fleet off the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and California have far lower mercury levels than in
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In the 2014 assessment, the
Albacore Working Group of the International Scientific Committee for Tuna and Tuna-like Species in North Pacific Ocean found estimates of total stock biomass (age-1 and older) show a long-term decline from the early 1970s to 1990 followed by a recovery through the 1990s
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in an effort to allow the incorporation of detailed migration movements into stock assessment models. Archival tags are a recent technical innovation that are being used to collect daily locations (through light level data recorded by the tag), internal temperature of the fish's abdomen, ambient
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There is substantial uncertainty on current stock status, since different models and assumptions provide a wide range of estimates. However, most of them agreed on the view that spawning stock biomass decreased since the 1930s and started to recover since the mid-1990s. Most of the model
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Catanese, Gaetano; Manchado, Manuel; Infante, Carlos (15 February 2010). "Evolutionary relatedness of mackerels of the genus
Scomber based on complete mitochondrial genomes: Strong support to the recognition of Atlantic Scomber colias and Pacific Scomber japonicus as distinct species".
494:. An adult female can release over two million eggs in a single cycle. Fry (juvenile fish) generally stay near where they were spawned for about a year before moving on. Albacore form schools based on their stage in the life cycle, but also combine with other tuna like the
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noted that there is uncertainty surrounding the life history and biology of tunas and tuna like species including age and growth, maturity, and natural mortality rates; uncertainty about the quality and completeness of available data; and uncertainty about recruitment.
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begin to grow quickly. For the first year of their lives, juveniles remain close to the place where they were hatched. They begin to migrate after their first year. Albacore have a lifespan of 11–12 years, but they reach reproductive maturity at around 5–6 years.
1057:), crustaceans, and gelatinous organisms. Not much is known about the food pattern of the albacore, however, mostly because it dives over 400 m (1,300 ft) underwater when searching for food, and tagging and tracking has been unsuccessful thus far.
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still occurring. In 2007, SeaChoice considered the southern
Atlantic stock to be overfished but not currently experiencing overfishing. They regarded North Pacific albacore stocks as not overfished and not likely to be experiencing overfishing.
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Bell, J. D.; Reid, C.; Batty, M. J.; Lehodey, P.; Rodwell, L.; Hobday, A. J.; Johnson, J. E.; Demmke, A. (2012). "Effects of climate change on oceanic fisheries in the tropical
Pacific: Implications for economic development and food security".
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A highly migratory species, schools of albacore travel great distances, though Atlantic and Pacific populations do not appear to mix. North Pacific albacore migrate to two regions of the Northeast Pacific: one off the northern part of
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and a 20 kg (44 lb) female can produce between 2–3 million eggs per spawning, which usually takes place between November and February. Eggs mature outside of the female's body and hatch in 1–2 days, after which
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There are six globally managed stocks of albacore worldwide, one in the North Pacific, one in the South Pacific, another in the Indian Ocean, two for the North and South Atlantic, and one in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Consoli, P.; Romeo, T.; Battaglia, P.; Castriota, L.; Esposito, V.; Andaloro, F. (1 July 2008). "Feeding habits of the albacore tuna Thunnus alalunga (Perciformes, Scombridae) from central Mediterranean Sea".
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1186:. Since 2000, a large recreational fishery for albacore has been established in Oregon, Washington and California. The fisheries in Oregon and Washington are supported by seasonal warm water influxes from the
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ranks albacore as a "best choice" for consumers, although notes some "moderate concerns" regarding the management effectiveness (in particular, no definitive assessment of the albacore stock of the
490:. They are unique among tuna in that their primary food source is cephalopods, with fish making up a much smaller portion of their diet. Reproduction usually occurs from November to February and is
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The albacore has a streamlined, fusiform body with a conical snout, large mouth, and big eyes. Its body is dark blue dorsally, shades of silvery white ventrally, and covered by small scales. The
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again. Several stocks were in significant decline and the species' overall population were decreasing but are now recovering thanks to the enforcement of regional fishing quotas.
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Dufour, Florence; Haritz Arrizabalaga; Xabier Irigoien; Josu Santiago (July 2010). "Climate impacts on albacore and bluefin tunas migrations phenology and spatial distribution".
891:. It reaches sexual maturity at 0.9 m (2 ft 11 in) and its common length is only slightly larger at 1.0 m (3 ft 3 in). Males and females exhibit no
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Albacore tuna are pelagic predators - open-sea hunters. Their diets vary very little from season to season. Unlike other tuna that eat primarily fish, for example the
840:, also known as the bluefin group. Populations of albacore differ genetically by region, with Atlantic, Pacific, and Mediterranean groups each showing differences in
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fisheries. It was originally the basis for the United States tuna-canning industry and is no less important today, making up significant percentages of the
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and subsequent fluctuations without trend in the 2000s. The working group concludes that the stock is likely not in an overfished condition at present.
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Morrissey, Michael T.; Rasmussen, Rosalee; Okada, Tomoko (5 April 2005). "Mercury Content in Pacific Troll-Caught Albacore Tuna ( Thunnus alalunga )".
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1282:(MSC). Several albacore fisheries have been certified as sustainable according to MSC standards, including the U.S. North and South Pacific albacore
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1094:(undifferentiated germ cells that give rise to oocytes) by mitotic separations in the oogonial nests of female tuna. The resulting oocytes are cast
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fishery has taken place), and "moderate concern" over the fishing stock, especially regarding the North Atlantic albacore population, which the
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The Connoisseur's Guide to Sushi: Everything You Need to Know about Sushi Varieties and Accompaniments, Etiquette and Dining Tips, and More
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1162:, an ocean preservation organization, tested over 114 samples of tuna, and found that 84% of the white tuna samples were actually
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previous years. Albacore caught in this region also show methylmercury levels well below the 1.0 ppm mercury standard set by The
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Bertrand, A.; Bard, F.; Josse, E. (1 May 2002). "Tuna food habits related to the micronekton distribution in French Polynesia".
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Scombrids of the World: An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Tunas, Mackerels, Bonitos, and Related Species Known to Date
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1351:(FDA). Nevertheless, since mercury does take time to be removed from the body, albacore tuna should be eaten in moderation.
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1033:, a tiny deep-water squid found in the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean. Another cephalopod species preyed upon is
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fisheries ("pole and troll"), Canadian North Pacific troll fishery, and the New Zealand South Pacific troll fishery.
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A large majority of albacore have larger right testes or ovaries, depending on sex. Albacore have asynchronous
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is also silvery white. At 1.4 m (4 ft 7 in) maximum length, the albacore is the smallest of the
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2586:. International Scientific Committee for Tuna and Tuna-like Species in the North Pacific Ocean. Archived from
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2267:"Pacific Juvenile Albacore in the Ensenada/San Diego Area History, Biology, Lures, Tactics and Night Fishing"
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sequencing indicates that albacore migrate between the North and South Pacific oceans across the equator.
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research supports the distinction of separate North and South Pacific stocks, but results indicated that
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Vinas, J.; J. R. Alvarado Bremer; C. Pla (2004). "Inter-oceanic genetic differentiation among albacore (
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in tropical and temperate waters across the globe and in every ocean as well as the Mediterranean Sea.
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As with other tunas, albacore meat is a versatile ingredient that is used a wide variety of dishes.
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blue and silvery white in color respectively, matching the part of the fish's body they are on. The
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2043:"Adaptive markers distinguish North and South Pacific Albacore amid low population differentiation"
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development, that is their immature egg cells do not develop at regular intervals. The creation of
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2012:
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of the albacore was authored in 1788 by Pierre Joseph Bonnaterre in the illustrated encyclopedia
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A number of programs have been developed to help consumers identify and support responsible and
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American Albacore Fishing Association (MSC certified Pacific U.S. "pole & troll" albacore)
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Marine Stewardship Council (international independent certification of sustainable fisheries)
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formulations, as well as the base case, concluded that currently the stock is not undergoing
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Albacore are managed by four tuna Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMO's): the
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South Pacific albacore stocks have recently (2007 to 2015) shown a 40% reduction in stock.
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occurs between these populations and some potential migrants were genetically identified.
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by ichthyologists Bruce B. Collette and Cornelia E. Nauen in 1983. It is a member of the
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1989:
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Collette, B.B.; Boustany, A.; Fox, W.; Graves, J.; Juan Jorda, M.; Restrepo, V. (2021).
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2441:"International management of tuna fisheries Arrangements, challenges and a way forward"
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2482:. The International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas. Archived from
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1696:"Tuna species recovering despite growing pressures on marine life - IUCN Red List"
37:
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2638:"Pacific nations agree to historic tuna fishery pact to protect local industries"
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The albacore is a powerful, hard-hitting predator that forms mixed schools with
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total mercury content of albacore is 0.14 ± 0.05 ppm. Larger fish tend to
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The albacore's pectoral fins can be longer than 30% of the fish's total length.
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1233:(IOTC). ICCAT has established catch quotas in the North and South Atlantic.
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Fisheries, Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC) has collaborated with
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2613:"Alarming population crash in southern albacore tuna prompts catch rethink"
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1842:. Food and Africulture Organization of the United Nations. pp. 80–81.
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471:. Individuals can reach up to 1.4 m (4 ft 7 in) in length.
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into the sea, where full development and later fertilization take place.
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predators that eat a wide variety of foods, including but not limited to
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Vaux, Felix; Bohn, Sandra; Hyde, John R.; O'Malley, Kathleen G. (2021).
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2577:"STOCK ASSESSMENT OF ALBACORE TUNA IN THE NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN IN 2014"
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The WCPFC has assessed the South Pacific Albacore are not overfished.
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The albacore is a very economically important fish and is a target of
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In some parts of the world, other species may be called "albacore":
1278:. Perhaps the most widely accepted of these programs is that of the
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Albacore show a broad range of behavioral differences by region. In
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Childers, John; Stephanie Snyder; Suzanne Kohin (1 January 2011).
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951:, but now arrive about 8 days earlier than they did 40 years ago.
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Tableau encyclopédique et methodique des trois règnes de la nature
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International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas
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2545:"STOCK ASSESSMENT OF ALBACORE TUNA IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN"
2383:"Current HMS SAFE Report: Recreational Fisheries Descriptions"
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1039:. Other food sources of the albacore include fish (including
1930:"Migration and behavior of juvenile North Pacific albacore (
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Schaefer, Kurt M. (2001). "Reproductive biology of tunas".
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Collette, B.; Acero, A.; Amorim, A.F.; et al. (2011).
1321:
Albacore fished by rod and reel in the Cantabric Sea, Spain
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body with a conical snout, large eyes, and remarkably long
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zones. There are six distinct stocks known globally in the
1023:
and yellowfin tuna, the albacore's main source of food is
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International Seafood Sustainability Foundation#Practices
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Communicating FDA advice on consumption of albacore tuna.
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is economically significant. Methods of fishing include
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529:(IUCN) because of the threat of overfishing but is now
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This fish. ThisFish & Ecotrust Canada 25 Oct 2013.
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with the season lasting from mid-July until October.
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water temperature, and depth. Genetic research using
939:. Every summer, North Atlantic albacore head to the
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2292:"National Seafood Fraud Testing Results Highlights"
2236:. Fish Physiology. Vol. 19. pp. 225–270.
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1489:(albacore, autumn albacore, yellowfinned albacore)
2448:536 Fao Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper
2019:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Atministration
1895:Ramon, Darlene; Bailey, Kevin (4 October 1996).
1709:Graham, Jeffrey B.; Dickson, Kathryn A. (2004).
1219:Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission
2798:. Miller Freeman Publications. 1962. p. 31
2903:by R. Michael Laurs and Ronald C. Dotson, 1992
2617:ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
2518:. Indian Ocean Tuna Commission. Archived from
1836:Collette, Bruce B.; Cornelia E. Nauen (1983).
1558:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T21856A46911332.en
1027:. The most abundant cephalopod in its diet is
527:International Union for Conservation of Nature
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1638:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T21856A9325450.en
1210:researchers talk to an albacore fisherman in
521:of various Pacific nations. It was listed as
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1868:Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife
1131:Albacore is a prized food, and the albacore
506:. Once grown, schools are highly migratory.
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1921:
1864:"Fishing & Shellfishing: Albacore Tuna"
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3266:Regional Fisheries Management Organisation
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2721:Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology
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2234:Tuna: Physiology, Ecology, and Evolution
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1434:Canned albacore on sale at a supermarket
960:American Fishermen's Research Foundation
872:and extend well beyond the front of the
2874:American Fishermens Research Foundation
1588:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
1525:
1375:
1223:Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission
4338:Taxa named by Pierre Joseph Bonnaterre
2361:Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife
2269:(Rev 6 Final ed.). Archived from
1090:, begins with the rapid production of
2823:. Harvard Common Press. p. 168.
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1823:
1821:
1337:Like other fish, albacore accumulate
7:
4210:8c485fd0-e966-4ffd-8751-449d40fcfb3a
2011:Southwest Fisheries Science Center.
4298:IUCN Red List least concern species
2879:Western Fishboat Owners Association
2412:Sheely, Terry W. (21 August 2020).
1897:"Spawning seasonality of albacore,
1715:The Journal of Experimental Biology
1624:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
1544:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
910:Its latitudinal range extends from
741:
587:
580:
573:
566:
559:
552:
545:
2387:Pacific Fishery Management Council
14:
2664:"List of all certified fisheries"
2389:. 18 January 2017. Archived from
1349:U.S. Food and Drug Administration
1304:(NMFS) considers overfished with
1302:National Marine Fisheries Service
820:. He originally placed it in the
3824:
3817:
3810:
3017:
2265:von Borks, Manfred (June 2011).
1958:10.1111/j.1365-2419.2011.00575.x
1440:
1426:
1412:
1395:
1378:
868:begin slightly before the first
455:. The albacore has an elongate,
80:
2104:"Thunnus alalunga (Ahi pahala)"
1065:The albacore's reproduction is
832:. It was assigned to the genus
806:with yellowfin group in green.
431:waters across the globe in the
4308:Fish of the Dominican Republic
1208:Hatfield Marine Science Center
1158:From 2010 to 2013, a study by
1:
2584:isc.ac.affrc.go.jp/index.html
2509:"EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: ALBACORE"
2242:10.1016/s1546-5098(01)19007-2
1901:, in the South Pacific Ocean"
1711:"Tuna Comparative Physiology"
1466:Other species called albacore
1182:Albacore are sought after by
2662:Marine Stewardship Council.
1998:10.1016/j.pocean.2010.04.007
1231:Indian Ocean Tuna Commission
983:Freshly hooked albacore tuna
467:and shades of silvery white
2013:"Albacore Archival Tagging"
802:Phylogenetic tree of genus
4354:
2418:www.saltwatersportsman.com
1765:10.1016/j.gene.2009.12.004
1358:
1330:
1324:
1280:Marine Stewardship Council
1115:Albacore caught off Cyprus
463:. Its body is a deep blue
18:
3950:
3808:
3015:
2908:"Albacore Tuna - Species"
2335:10.1007/s10584-012-0606-2
2192:10.1007/s00227-008-1012-1
2148:10.1007/s00227-001-0776-3
2047:Evolutionary Applications
1804:10.1007/s00227-004-1319-5
1123:Albacore being canned in
905:cosmopolitan distribution
763:
746:
739:
713:
687:
661:
635:
609:
592:
585:
578:
571:
564:
557:
550:
220:
213:
194:
187:
77:Scientific classification
75:
53:
44:
35:
30:
21:Albacore (disambiguation)
3202:Scombroid food poisoning
3113:US bluefin tuna industry
1978:Progress in Oceanography
1670:; Pauly, Daniel (eds.).
1386:Lightly cooked albacore
899:Distribution and habitat
2889:Etymology of "albacore"
2550:. WCPFC. Archived from
2473:"EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ALB"
2414:"Albacore Tuna Fishing"
2357:"Recreational Albacore"
1684:. January 2017 version.
1420:Albacore in a rice wrap
519:gross domestic products
451:oceans, as well as the
4303:Fish described in 1788
1938:Fisheries Oceanography
1514:Euthynnus alletteratus
1322:
1214:
1128:
1116:
1036:Berryteuthis anonychus
984:
861:
814:scientific description
537:Taxonomy and phylogeny
4313:Fish of the Caribbean
4257:Paleobiology Database
4200:pacific-albacore-tuna
3960:World fish production
3323:Principal commercial
3197:Dolphin friendly tuna
2999:Southern bluefin tuna
2984:Atlantic bluefin tuna
2864:Wild Pacific Albacore
2751:10.1300/J030v13n04_04
2439:Allen, Robin (2010).
2420:. Saltwater Sportsman
1551:: e.T21856A46911332.
1448:Bonito del Norte con
1403:Seared albacore in a
1320:
1276:sustainable fisheries
1206:
1122:
1114:
982:
859:
411:), known also as the
3004:Pacific bluefin tuna
2109:Animal Diversity Web
1631:: e.T21856A9325450.
1493:Yellowtail amberjack
1199:Fisheries management
1178:Recreational fishery
1030:Heteroteuthis dispar
954:Since the 1970s the
19:For other uses, see
3282:List of tuna dishes
3039:Black skipjack tuna
2733:2005JAFPT..13d..41M
2184:2008MarBi.155..113C
2140:2002MarBi.140.1023A
2059:2021EvApp..14.1343V
1990:2010PrOce..86..283D
1950:2011FisOc..20..157C
1698:. 4 September 2021.
1361:List of tuna dishes
1270:Other organizations
1048:Engraulis japonicus
975:Biology and ecology
903:The albacore has a
47:Conservation status
3975:Fisheries glossary
3965:Commercial species
3955:Commercial fishing
3343:Large pelagic fish
3171:Tuna fish sandwich
2817:Lowry, D. (2005).
2773:"NOAA - FishWatch"
2363:. 11 February 2019
2218:2013-09-29 at the
1478:Thunnus atlanticus
1323:
1260:Population genomic
1215:
1188:California Current
1129:
1117:
1107:Commercial fishery
985:
862:
415:, is a species of
243:(Bonnaterre, 1788)
235:(Bonnaterre, 1788)
4285:
4284:
4244:Open Tree of Life
3992:Taxon identifiers
3983:
3982:
3880:Freshwater prawns
3806:
3805:
3290:
3289:
2830:978-1-55832-307-0
2795:Pacific Fisherman
2251:978-0-12-350443-2
2068:10.1111/eva.13202
1849:978-92-5-101381-6
1728:10.1242/jeb.01267
1721:(23): 4015–4024.
1505:Euthynnus affinis
1487:Thunnus albacares
1327:Mercury poisoning
1229:(ICCAT), and the
1141:long-line fishing
1102:Human interaction
893:sexual dimorphism
810:
809:
796:
795:
787:
786:
778:
777:
728:
727:
702:
701:
676:
675:
650:
649:
624:
623:
453:Mediterranean Sea
423:. It is found in
399:
398:
393:
386:Orcynus pacificus
382:
371:
367:Thunnus pacificus
363:
356:Thynnus pacificus
352:
344:
336:
328:
320:
312:
304:
293:
282:
274:
263:
255:
244:
236:
228:
70:
4345:
4278:
4277:
4265:
4264:
4252:
4251:
4239:
4238:
4226:
4225:
4213:
4212:
4203:
4202:
4190:
4189:
4177:
4176:
4174:NBNSYS0000187816
4164:
4163:
4151:
4150:
4138:
4137:
4125:
4124:
4112:
4111:
4099:
4098:
4086:
4085:
4073:
4072:
4060:
4059:
4057:thunnus-alalunga
4047:
4046:
4044:Thunnus_alalunga
4034:
4033:
4032:
4030:Thunnus alalunga
4019:
4018:
4017:
4000:Thunnus alalunga
3987:
3828:
3821:
3814:
3396:southern bluefin
3386:Atlantic bluefin
3339:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3294:
3275:Related articles
3021:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2916:
2911:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2814:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2790:
2784:
2783:
2777:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2744:
2716:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2694:. Archived from
2686:"Tuna: Albacore"
2682:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2671:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2598:
2593:on April 2, 2015
2592:
2581:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2557:on April 2, 2015
2556:
2549:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2525:on April 2, 2015
2524:
2513:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2489:on April 2, 2015
2488:
2477:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2445:
2436:
2430:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2398:
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2317:
2311:
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2306:
2296:
2288:
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2281:
2279:
2278:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2229:
2223:
2210:
2204:
2203:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2134:(5): 1023–1037.
2123:
2114:
2113:
2100:
2091:
2090:
2080:
2070:
2053:(5): 1343–1364.
2038:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2008:
2002:
2001:
1984:(1/2): 283–290.
1973:
1962:
1961:
1932:Thunnus alalunga
1925:
1916:
1915:
1908:Fishery Bulletin
1905:
1899:Thunnus alalunga
1892:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1870:. Archived from
1860:
1854:
1853:
1833:
1816:
1815:
1790:) populations".
1788:Thunnus alalunga
1783:
1777:
1776:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1730:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1674:Thunnus alalunga
1664:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1617:Thunnus alalunga
1610:
1599:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1582:Thunnus alalunga
1576:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1560:
1537:Thunnus alalunga
1530:
1516:(false albacore)
1507:(false albacore)
1444:
1430:
1416:
1399:
1382:
1370:Albacore cuisine
1054:Engraulis mordax
964:Thunnus alalunga
838:Thunnus subgenus
742:
641:
615:
598:
588:
581:
574:
567:
560:
553:
546:
541:
540:
408:Thunnus alalunga
388:
377:
369:
358:
351:(Lacepède, 1800)
350:
343:(Lacepède, 1800)
342:
334:
327:(Lacepède, 1800)
326:
319:(Lacepède, 1800)
318:
311:(Lacepède, 1800)
310:
299:
288:
286:Scomber albicans
280:
278:Orcynus alatunga
269:
267:Scomber alatunga
261:
259:Thunnus alalunga
250:
248:Scomber alalunga
242:
240:Thynnus alalunga
234:
227:Bonnaterre, 1788
226:
224:Scomber alalunga
200:
198:Thunnus alalunga
180:T. alalunga
85:
84:
64:
59:
58:
40:
28:
4353:
4352:
4348:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4343:
4342:
4323:Commercial fish
4288:
4287:
4286:
4281:
4273:
4268:
4260:
4255:
4247:
4242:
4234:
4229:
4221:
4218:Observation.org
4216:
4208:
4206:
4198:
4193:
4185:
4180:
4172:
4167:
4159:
4154:
4146:
4141:
4133:
4128:
4120:
4115:
4107:
4102:
4094:
4089:
4081:
4076:
4068:
4063:
4055:
4050:
4042:
4037:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4013:
4012:
4007:
3994:
3984:
3979:
3946:
3885:Gilt-head bream
3829:
3823:
3822:
3816:
3815:
3802:
3793:Lobster fishing
3766:
3738:
3690:
3645:
3623:Other wild fish
3617:
3590:Freshwater fish
3584:
3477:
3412:
3391:Pacific bluefin
3328:
3321:
3291:
3286:
3270:
3261:Nauru Agreement
3219:
3185:
3117:
3090:
3022:
3013:
2948:
2943:
2906:
2850:
2845:
2835:
2833:
2831:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2801:
2799:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2775:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2742:10.1.1.578.9827
2718:
2717:
2710:
2701:
2699:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2669:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2647:
2645:
2636:
2635:
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2611:
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2606:
2596:
2594:
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2574:
2570:
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2547:
2543:
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2526:
2522:
2511:
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2506:
2502:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2475:
2471:
2470:
2466:
2456:
2454:
2443:
2438:
2437:
2433:
2423:
2421:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2396:
2394:
2393:on 22 July 2019
2381:
2380:
2376:
2366:
2364:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2323:Climatic Change
2319:
2318:
2314:
2304:
2302:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2276:
2274:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2252:
2231:
2230:
2226:
2220:Wayback Machine
2213:"Albacore Tuna"
2211:
2207:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2125:
2124:
2117:
2102:
2101:
2094:
2040:
2039:
2032:
2022:
2020:
2010:
2009:
2005:
1975:
1974:
1965:
1927:
1926:
1919:
1903:
1894:
1893:
1886:
1877:
1875:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1850:
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1834:
1819:
1785:
1784:
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1749:
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1703:
1694:
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1602:
1592:
1590:
1578:
1577:
1573:
1563:
1561:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1496:Seriola lalandi
1468:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1445:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1408:
1407:
1400:
1391:
1390:
1383:
1372:
1371:
1363:
1357:
1335:
1333:Mercury in fish
1329:
1315:
1272:
1201:
1196:
1180:
1109:
1104:
1063:
1042:Cololabis saira
1017:
1009:Baja California
977:
929:Baja California
924:
901:
854:
797:
788:
779:
729:
703:
677:
651:
637:
625:
611:
594:
539:
523:Near Threatened
209:
202:
196:
183:
79:
71:
60:
56:
49:
24:
17:
16:Species of tuna
12:
11:
5:
4351:
4349:
4341:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
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4280:
4279:
4266:
4253:
4240:
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4126:
4113:
4100:
4087:
4074:
4061:
4048:
4035:
4020:
4004:
4002:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3970:Fishing topics
3967:
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3850:
3839:
3837:
3831:
3830:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3798:Shrimp fishery
3795:
3790:
3785:
3783:Crab fisheries
3780:
3774:
3772:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3748:
3746:
3740:
3739:
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3681:
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3655:
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3643:
3638:
3633:
3627:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3594:
3592:
3586:
3585:
3583:
3582:
3577:
3575:Smelt-whitings
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3546:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3515:
3514:
3513:
3511:Alaska pollock
3508:
3503:
3493:
3487:
3485:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3448:
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3433:
3428:
3422:
3420:
3414:
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3411:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3347:
3345:
3336:
3330:
3329:
3327:species groups
3322:
3320:
3319:
3312:
3305:
3297:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3220:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3204:
3199:
3193:
3191:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3166:Tuna casserole
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3127:
3125:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3115:
3110:
3104:
3102:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3064:Leaping bonito
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3030:
3028:
3024:
3023:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3009:Yellowfin tuna
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2964:
2958:
2956:
2950:
2949:
2944:
2942:
2941:
2934:
2927:
2919:
2913:
2912:
2904:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2869:NOAA Fishwatch
2866:
2861:
2856:
2849:
2848:External links
2846:
2844:
2843:
2829:
2809:
2785:
2764:
2708:
2677:
2654:
2629:
2604:
2568:
2536:
2500:
2464:
2431:
2404:
2374:
2348:
2312:
2283:
2257:
2250:
2224:
2205:
2178:(1): 113–120.
2172:Marine Biology
2161:
2128:Marine Biology
2115:
2092:
2030:
2017:swfsc.noaa.gov
2003:
1963:
1944:(3): 157–173.
1917:
1884:
1855:
1848:
1817:
1798:(2): 225–232.
1792:Marine Biology
1778:
1742:
1701:
1687:
1668:Froese, Rainer
1644:
1600:
1571:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1508:
1499:
1490:
1484:Yellowfin tuna
1481:
1467:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1456:using albacore
1447:
1446:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1425:
1423:
1419:
1418:
1411:
1409:
1405:salade niçoise
1402:
1401:
1394:
1392:
1385:
1384:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1359:Main article:
1356:
1353:
1325:Main article:
1314:
1313:Mercury levels
1311:
1271:
1268:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1179:
1176:
1171:Pacific island
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1062:
1059:
1016:
1013:
993:yellowfin tuna
976:
973:
923:
920:
900:
897:
853:
850:
808:
807:
799:
798:
794:
793:
790:
789:
785:
784:
781:
780:
776:
775:
772:
771:
762:
759:
758:
755:
754:
745:
740:
738:
735:
734:
731:
730:
726:
725:
722:
721:
712:
709:
708:
705:
704:
700:
699:
696:
695:
686:
683:
682:
679:
678:
674:
673:
670:
669:
660:
657:
656:
653:
652:
648:
647:
644:
643:
634:
631:
630:
627:
626:
622:
621:
618:
617:
608:
605:
604:
601:
600:
591:
586:
584:
579:
577:
572:
570:
565:
563:
558:
556:
551:
549:
544:
538:
535:
500:yellowfin tuna
397:
396:
395:
394:
383:
372:
370:(Cuvier, 1832)
364:
353:
345:
337:
335:Lacepède, 1801
329:
321:
316:Orcynus germon
313:
305:
297:Scomber germon
294:
283:
281:(Gmelin, 1789)
275:
264:
256:
245:
237:
232:Germo alalunga
229:
218:
217:
211:
210:
203:
192:
191:
185:
184:
177:
175:
171:
170:
163:
159:
158:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
124:Actinopterygii
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
91:
87:
86:
73:
72:
54:
51:
50:
45:
42:
41:
33:
32:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4350:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4318:Greek cuisine
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4276:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4258:
4254:
4250:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4232:
4228:
4224:
4219:
4215:
4211:
4205:
4201:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4157:
4153:
4149:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4131:
4127:
4123:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4079:
4075:
4071:
4066:
4062:
4058:
4053:
4049:
4045:
4040:
4036:
4031:
4025:
4021:
4016:
4010:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3988:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3902:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3836:
3832:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3788:Krill fishery
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3778:Cod fisheries
3776:
3775:
3773:
3769:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3752:Sea cucumbers
3750:
3749:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3693:
3687:
3684:
3680:
3677:
3676:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3637:
3634:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3626:
3624:
3620:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3593:
3591:
3587:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3560:Orange roughy
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3516:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3498:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3483:Demersal fish
3480:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3415:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3340:
3337:
3335:
3331:
3326:
3318:
3313:
3311:
3306:
3304:
3299:
3298:
3295:
3283:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3224:Organisations
3222:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3209:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3136:Cakalang fufu
3134:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3105:
3103:
3101:
3097:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3074:Skipjack tuna
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3059:Mackerel tuna
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3049:Dogtooth tuna
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3025:
3020:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2994:Longtail tuna
2992:
2990:
2989:Blackfin tuna
2987:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2951:
2947:
2940:
2935:
2933:
2928:
2926:
2921:
2920:
2917:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2832:
2826:
2822:
2821:
2813:
2810:
2797:
2796:
2789:
2786:
2781:
2774:
2768:
2765:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2698:on 2007-09-12
2697:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2681:
2678:
2665:
2658:
2655:
2643:
2639:
2633:
2630:
2618:
2614:
2608:
2605:
2589:
2585:
2578:
2572:
2569:
2553:
2546:
2540:
2537:
2521:
2517:
2510:
2504:
2501:
2485:
2481:
2480:www.iccat.int
2474:
2468:
2465:
2453:
2449:
2442:
2435:
2432:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2405:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2378:
2375:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2316:
2313:
2300:
2299:Oceana Report
2293:
2287:
2284:
2273:on 2013-10-29
2272:
2268:
2261:
2258:
2253:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2214:
2209:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2165:
2162:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2018:
2014:
2007:
2004:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1933:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1914:(4): 725–733.
1913:
1909:
1902:
1900:
1891:
1889:
1885:
1874:on 2017-12-24
1873:
1869:
1865:
1859:
1856:
1851:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1782:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1746:
1743:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1705:
1702:
1697:
1691:
1688:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1675:
1669:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1645:
1639:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1618:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1589:
1585:
1583:
1575:
1572:
1559:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1545:
1540:
1538:
1529:
1526:
1520:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1475:Blackfin tuna
1473:
1472:
1471:
1465:
1455:
1451:
1443:
1438:
1429:
1424:
1415:
1410:
1406:
1398:
1393:
1389:
1381:
1376:
1366:
1362:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1345:
1344:bioaccumulate
1340:
1339:methylmercury
1334:
1328:
1319:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1285:
1284:pole and line
1281:
1277:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1264:interbreeding
1261:
1257:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1238:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1225:(IATTC), the
1224:
1221:(WCPFC), the
1220:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1185:
1184:sport fishers
1177:
1175:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1150:
1149:purse seining
1146:
1142:
1138:
1137:pole and line
1134:
1126:
1121:
1113:
1106:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1073:
1068:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1055:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1022:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1005:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
989:skipjack tuna
981:
974:
972:
970:
965:
961:
957:
952:
950:
946:
942:
941:Bay of Biscay
938:
934:
930:
921:
919:
917:
913:
908:
906:
898:
896:
894:
890:
886:
881:
880:
875:
871:
867:
866:pectoral fins
858:
851:
849:
847:
843:
842:mitochondrial
839:
835:
831:
830:
826:
823:
819:
815:
805:
801:
800:
792:
791:
783:
782:
774:
773:
770:
769:
768:
767:T. orientalis
761:
760:
757:
756:
753:
752:
751:
744:
743:
737:
736:
733:
732:
724:
723:
720:
719:
718:
711:
710:
707:
706:
698:
697:
694:
693:
692:
685:
684:
681:
680:
672:
671:
668:
667:
666:
659:
658:
655:
654:
646:
645:
642:
640:
633:
632:
629:
628:
620:
619:
616:
614:
607:
606:
603:
602:
599:
597:
596:T. atlanticus
590:
589:
583:
582:
576:
575:
569:
568:
562:
561:
555:
554:
548:
547:
543:
542:
536:
534:
532:
531:Least Concern
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
507:
505:
501:
497:
496:skipjack tuna
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
474:Albacore are
472:
470:
466:
462:
461:pectoral fins
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
421:Scombriformes
419:of the order
418:
414:
410:
409:
404:
391:
387:
384:
380:
376:
375:Scomber germo
373:
368:
365:
361:
357:
354:
349:
348:Thunnus germo
346:
341:
338:
333:
332:Scomber germo
330:
325:
324:Orcynus germo
322:
317:
314:
309:
306:
302:
298:
295:
291:
287:
284:
279:
276:
272:
268:
265:
262:(Cetti, 1777)
260:
257:
253:
249:
246:
241:
238:
233:
230:
225:
222:
221:
219:
216:
212:
207:
201:
199:
193:
190:
189:Binomial name
186:
182:
181:
176:
173:
172:
169:
168:
164:
161:
160:
157:
156:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
134:Scombriformes
132:
129:
128:
125:
122:
119:
118:
115:
112:
109:
108:
105:
102:
99:
98:
95:
92:
89:
88:
83:
78:
74:
68:
63:
62:Least Concern
52:
48:
43:
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
3999:
3910:salmon trout
3375:
3208:Tuna Fishing
3207:
3083:
3079:Slender tuna
3069:Little tunny
3054:Frigate tuna
2973:
2966:
2899:
2884:albatuna.com
2834:. Retrieved
2819:
2812:
2800:. Retrieved
2794:
2788:
2779:
2767:
2727:(4): 41–52.
2724:
2720:
2700:. Retrieved
2696:the original
2689:
2680:
2668:. Retrieved
2657:
2646:. Retrieved
2644:. 2014-10-22
2641:
2632:
2621:. Retrieved
2619:. 2015-10-30
2616:
2607:
2595:. Retrieved
2588:the original
2583:
2571:
2559:. Retrieved
2552:the original
2539:
2527:. Retrieved
2520:the original
2516:www.iotc.org
2515:
2503:
2491:. Retrieved
2484:the original
2479:
2467:
2455:. Retrieved
2451:
2447:
2434:
2422:. Retrieved
2417:
2407:
2395:. Retrieved
2391:the original
2386:
2377:
2365:. Retrieved
2360:
2351:
2326:
2322:
2315:
2303:. Retrieved
2301:. 2013-02-21
2298:
2286:
2275:. Retrieved
2271:the original
2260:
2233:
2227:
2208:
2175:
2171:
2164:
2131:
2127:
2107:
2050:
2046:
2021:. Retrieved
2016:
2006:
1981:
1977:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1911:
1907:
1898:
1876:. Retrieved
1872:the original
1867:
1858:
1838:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1781:
1759:(1): 35–43.
1756:
1752:
1745:
1718:
1714:
1704:
1690:
1679:
1673:
1628:
1622:
1616:
1591:. Retrieved
1581:
1574:
1562:. Retrieved
1548:
1542:
1536:
1528:
1513:
1511:Little tunny
1504:
1495:
1486:
1477:
1469:
1364:
1336:
1298:Indian Ocean
1292:
1273:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1248:
1239:
1235:
1216:
1194:Conservation
1181:
1168:
1157:
1153:
1130:
1095:
1077:
1064:
1061:Life history
1052:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1028:
1018:
1006:
997:bluefin tuna
986:
963:
953:
925:
909:
902:
889:bluefin tuna
877:
863:
833:
827:
817:
811:
803:
765:
764:
749:
748:
747:
715:
714:
689:
688:
663:
662:
638:
636:
613:T. albacares
612:
610:
595:
593:
515:recreational
508:
504:bluefin tuna
473:
413:longfin tuna
412:
407:
406:
402:
400:
385:
374:
366:
355:
347:
339:
331:
323:
315:
308:Germo germon
307:
296:
285:
277:
266:
258:
247:
239:
231:
223:
197:
195:
179:
178:
166:
154:
25:
4156:NatureServe
4117:iNaturalist
4024:Wikispecies
3744:Echinoderms
3651:Crustaceans
3418:Forage fish
3146:Katsuobushi
3044:Bullet tuna
2979:Bigeye tuna
2670:15 February
2329:: 199–212.
1564:19 November
1454:Basque dish
1306:overfishing
1243:overfishing
1147:, and some
1086:, known as
1025:cephalopods
852:Description
846:nuclear DNA
750:T. alalunga
691:T. maccoyii
488:cephalopods
484:crustaceans
437:mesopelagic
340:Germo germo
4333:Scombridae
4292:Categories
3757:Sea urchin
3210:(painting)
3181:Tuna salad
3034:Scombridae
3027:Other tuna
2836:August 23,
2802:August 23,
2702:2007-02-21
2648:2015-11-02
2623:2015-11-02
2424:8 December
2277:2013-10-24
1878:2013-10-25
1593:9 December
1521:References
1498:(albacore)
1480:(albacore)
1331:See also:
933:Washington
885:caudal fin
870:dorsal fin
812:The first
717:T. thynnus
639:T. tonggol
511:commercial
433:epipelagic
206:Bonnaterre
162:Subgenus:
144:Scombridae
3771:Fisheries
3636:Whitebait
3580:Toothfish
3406:yellowfin
3366:Swordfish
3108:Almadraba
3100:fisheries
2954:True tuna
2737:CiteSeerX
2691:SeaChoice
2666:. MSC.org
2343:153708679
2023:March 15,
1450:piperrada
1294:SeaChoice
1288:troll/jig
1125:San Pedro
1088:oogenesis
1067:oviparous
1001:sargassum
922:Migration
879:T. obesus
665:T. obesus
492:oviparous
469:ventrally
425:temperate
174:Species:
100:Kingdom:
94:Eukaryota
31:Albacore
4161:2.101755
4091:FishBase
4009:Wikidata
3927:Scallops
3905:Atlantic
3724:Scallops
3696:Molluscs
3603:Sturgeon
3570:Rockfish
3523:flounder
3518:Flatfish
3501:Atlantic
3471:european
3451:Sardines
3446:Menhaden
3401:skipjack
3376:albacore
3351:Mackerel
3215:Tunagate
3176:Tuna pot
3161:Tekkadon
3151:Kezuriki
2974:Albacore
2900:Albacore
2780:noaa.gov
2759:45982962
2642:ABC News
2597:March 5,
2561:March 4,
2529:March 5,
2493:March 5,
2457:March 3,
2216:Archived
2200:85625507
2156:84191172
2087:34025772
1812:83913573
1773:20035845
1737:15498947
1681:FishBase
1502:Kawakawa
1145:trolling
1096:en masse
874:anal fin
822:mackerel
465:dorsally
457:fusiform
441:Atlantic
429:tropical
403:albacore
301:Lacepède
215:Synonyms
140:Family:
114:Chordata
110:Phylum:
104:Animalia
90:Domain:
67:IUCN 3.1
4328:Thunnus
4109:9694948
4015:Q239977
3942:Tilapia
3932:Seaweed
3920:chinook
3895:Oysters
3890:Mussels
3875:Catfish
3858:crucian
3848:bighead
3762:more...
3734:more...
3719:Oysters
3714:Octopus
3709:Mussels
3704:Abalone
3686:more...
3669:Lobster
3641:more...
3608:Tilapia
3565:Pollock
3550:Haddock
3528:halibut
3506:Pacific
3491:Catfish
3436:Herring
3431:Capelin
3426:Anchovy
3325:fishery
3141:Chūtoro
3131:Botargo
3123:As food
3096:Fishing
2968:Thunnus
2729:Bibcode
2397:22 July
2367:22 July
2180:Bibcode
2136:Bibcode
2078:8127716
2055:Bibcode
1986:Bibcode
1946:Bibcode
1355:Cuisine
1212:Newport
1164:escolar
1133:fishery
1127:in 1915
1092:oogonia
1015:Feeding
943:off of
834:Thunnus
829:Scomber
804:Thunnus
525:by the
476:pelagic
445:Pacific
379:Bennett
290:Walbaum
208:, 1788)
167:Thunnus
155:Thunnus
150:Genus:
130:Order:
120:Class:
65: (
4275:127026
4262:345171
4249:833194
4236:127026
4223:187643
4207:NZOR:
4135:172419
4122:114122
4083:124054
4052:ARKive
3937:Shrimp
3900:Salmon
3868:silver
3853:common
3835:Farmed
3679:Prawns
3674:Shrimp
3555:Mullet
3543:turbot
3533:plaice
3381:bigeye
3356:Salmon
3156:Mojama
2910:. WWF.
2827:
2757:
2739:
2341:
2305:13 Feb
2248:
2198:
2154:
2085:
2075:
1846:
1810:
1771:
1735:
1160:Oceana
1080:oocyte
1051:, and
1021:bigeye
995:, and
945:France
937:Oregon
502:, and
486:, and
449:Indian
447:, and
392:, 1863
390:Cooper
381:, 1840
362:, 1832
360:Cuvier
303:, 1800
292:, 1792
273:, 1789
271:Gmelin
254:, 1777
4270:WoRMS
4148:21856
4078:EUNIS
4070:56P6R
3863:grass
3729:Squid
3664:Krill
3613:Trout
3466:Sprat
3456:Saury
3441:Ilish
3361:Shark
3251:WCPFC
3246:CCSBT
3241:ICCAT
3231:IATTC
3190:Other
3085:Auxis
2776:(PDF)
2755:S2CID
2591:(PDF)
2580:(PDF)
2555:(PDF)
2548:(PDF)
2523:(PDF)
2512:(PDF)
2487:(PDF)
2476:(PDF)
2444:(PDF)
2339:S2CID
2295:(PDF)
2196:S2CID
2152:S2CID
1904:(PDF)
1808:S2CID
1388:steak
1169:Many
969:ddRAD
949:Spain
825:genus
252:Cetti
4231:OBIS
4195:NOAA
4187:8235
4182:NCBI
4143:IUCN
4130:ITIS
4104:GBIF
3915:coho
3843:Carp
3659:Crab
3598:Carp
3538:sole
3461:Shad
3371:Tuna
3334:Wild
3236:IOTC
3098:and
2962:Tuna
2946:Tuna
2838:2019
2825:ISBN
2804:2019
2672:2012
2599:2015
2563:2015
2531:2015
2495:2015
2459:2015
2426:2020
2399:2019
2369:2019
2307:2022
2246:ISBN
2083:PMID
2025:2015
1844:ISBN
1769:PMID
1753:Gene
1733:PMID
1629:2011
1595:2012
1566:2021
1549:2021
1452:, a
1286:and
956:NOAA
947:and
935:and
916:46°S
912:59°N
844:and
513:and
480:fish
435:and
427:and
417:tuna
401:The
4169:NBN
4096:142
4065:CoL
4039:AFD
3631:Eel
3496:Cod
2747:doi
2452:536
2331:doi
2327:119
2238:doi
2188:doi
2176:155
2144:doi
2132:140
2073:PMC
2063:doi
1994:doi
1954:doi
1800:doi
1796:145
1761:doi
1757:452
1723:doi
1719:207
1633:doi
1553:doi
1084:ova
1072:fry
914:to
4294::
4272::
4259::
4246::
4233::
4220::
4197::
4184::
4171::
4158::
4145::
4132::
4119::
4106::
4093::
4080::
4067::
4054::
4041::
4026::
4011::
2778:.
2753:.
2745:.
2735:.
2725:13
2723:.
2711:^
2688:.
2640:.
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2582:.
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2450:.
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2385:.
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2297:.
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2194:.
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2174:.
2150:.
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2106:.
2095:^
2081:.
2071:.
2061:.
2051:14
2049:.
2045:.
2033:^
2015:.
1992:.
1982:86
1980:.
1966:^
1952:.
1940:.
1936:.
1934:)"
1920:^
1912:94
1910:.
1906:.
1887:^
1866:.
1820:^
1806:.
1794:.
1767:.
1755:.
1731:.
1717:.
1713:.
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1627:.
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1586:.
1547:.
1541:.
1166:.
1151:.
1143:,
1139:,
1045:,
991:,
895:.
848:.
498:,
482:,
443:,
3316:e
3309:t
3302:v
2938:e
2931:t
2924:v
2840:.
2806:.
2782:.
2761:.
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2089:.
2065::
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1996::
1988::
1960:.
1956::
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1942:2
1881:.
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69:)
23:.
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