109:
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262:
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22:
564:, the god of literacy. When the Eshumesha gods hear Nabu speak, they come out of their temple to search for him. Marduk defeats the Eshumesha gods and takes 360 of them as prisoners of war, including Enlil himself. Enlil protests that the Eshumesha gods are innocent, so Marduk puts them on trial before the Anunnaki. The text ends with a warning from Damkianna (another name for Ninhursag) to the gods and to humanity, pleading them not to repeat the war between the Anunnaki and the gods of Eshumesha.
232:, which were used for transporting their cult statues by land. Sometimes a deity's cult statue would be transported to the location of a battle so that the deity could watch the battle unfold. The major deities of the Mesopotamian pantheon, which included the Anunnaki, were believed to participate in the "assembly of the gods", through which the gods made all of their decisions. This assembly was seen as a divine counterpart to the
573:
3624:
394:
790:, has claimed that the reptilian overlords of his theory are in fact the Anunnaki. Clearly influenced by Sitchin's writings, Icke adapts them "in favor of his own New Age and conspiratorial agenda". Icke's speculation on the Anunnaki incorporates far-right views on history, positing an Aryan master race descended by blood from the Anunnaki. It also incorporates
560:. Enlil is enraged at Marduk's transgression and orders the gods of Eshumesha to take Marduk and the other Anunnaki as prisoners. The Anunnaki are captured, but Marduk appoints his front-runner Mushteshirhablim to lead a revolt against the gods of Eshumesha and sends his messenger Neretagmil to alert
320:
Although certain deities are described as members of the
Anunnaki, no complete list of the names of all the Anunnaki has survived and they are usually only referred to as a cohesive group in literary texts. Furthermore, Sumerian texts describe the Anunnaki inconsistently and do not agree on how many
619:
Although the names of the
Anunnaki in Hurrian and Hittite texts frequently vary, they are always eight in number. In one Hittite ritual, the names of the old gods are listed as: "Aduntarri the diviner, Zulki the dream interpretess, Irpitia Lord of the Earth, Narā, Namšarā, Minki, Amunki, and Āpi."
180:
The
Anunnaki are chiefly mentioned in literary texts and very little evidence to support the existence of any cult of them has yet been unearthed. This is likely because each member of the Anunnaki had his or her own individual cult, separate from the others. Similarly, no representations of the
328:
Virtually every major deity in the
Sumerian pantheon was regarded as the patron of a specific city and was expected to protect that city's interests. The deity was believed to permanently reside within that city's temple. One text mentions as many as fifty Anunnaki associated with the city of
2557:
288:
2144–2124 BC) and the Third
Dynasty of Ur. In the earliest texts, the term is applied to the most powerful and important deities in the Sumerian pantheon: the descendants of the sky-god An.This group of deities probably included the "seven gods who decree":
172:, the god of air and chief god of the Sumerian pantheon. The Sumerians believed that, until Enlil was born, heaven and earth were inseparable. Then, Enlil split heaven and earth in two and carried away the earth while his father An carried away the sky.
776:, asserting that Sitchin seems to deliberately misrepresent Sumerian texts by quoting them out of context, truncating quotations, and mistranslating Sumerian words to give them radically different meanings from their accepted definitions.
205:. Deities were almost always depicted wearing horned caps, consisting of up to seven superimposed pairs of ox-horns. They were also sometimes depicted wearing clothes with elaborate decorative gold and silver ornaments sewn into them.
325:, the Anunnaki "do homage" to Enki, sing hymns of praise in his honor, and "take up their dwellings" among the people of Sumer. The same composition twice states that the Anunnaki "decree the fates of mankind".
533:, Marduk assigns the Anunnaki their positions. A late Babylonian version of the epic mentions 600 Anunnaki of the underworld, but only 300 Anunnaki of heaven, indicating the existence of a complex underworld
720:, who came to Earth around 500,000 years ago and constructed a base of operations in order to mine gold after discovering that the planet was rich in the precious metal. According to Sitchin, the Anunnaki
612:, which means "gods of the earth". Hittite and Hurrian treaties were often sworn by the old gods in order to ensure that the oaths would be kept. In one myth, the gods are threatened by the stone giant
181:
Anunnaki as a complete group have yet been discovered, although a few depictions of two or three individual members together have been identified. Deities in ancient
Mesopotamia were almost exclusively
596:(which flourished in the mid to late second millennium BC), the oldest generation of gods was believed to have been banished by the younger gods to the Underworld, where they were ruled by the goddess
3380:
802:
laws, these three elements apparently linked only by superficial linguistic similarity. He formulated his views on the
Anunnaki in the 1990s and has written several books about his theory.
216:
were given constant care and attention and a set of priests was assigned to tend to them. These priests would clothe the statues and place feasts before them so they could "eat". A deity's
616:, so Ea (the later name for Enki) commands the Former Gods to find the weapon that was used to separate the heavens from the earth. They find it and use it to cut off Ullikummi's feet.
3454:
738:
as a slave species of miners. Sitchin claimed that the
Anunnaki were forced to temporarily leave Earth's surface and orbit the planet when Antarctic glaciers melted, causing the
742:, which also destroyed the Anunnaki's bases on Earth. These had to be rebuilt, and the Anunnaki, needing more humans to help in this massive effort, taught mankind agriculture.
446:
are introduced. The relationship between the
Anunnaki and the Igigi is unclear. On some occasions, the categories appear to be used synonymously, but in other writings, such as
693:
claimed that extraterrestrial "ancient astronauts" had visited a prehistoric Earth. Däniken explains the origins of religions as reactions to contact with an
2755:
661:(whose name means "Heaven") is the father of the Titans and is derived from the Hittite version of Anu. In Hesiod's account, Ouranos is castrated by his son
383:
Reverence begets favour, sacrifice prolongs life, and prayer atones for guilt. He who fears the gods is not slighted by He who fears the
Anunnaki extends .
3137:
3655:
2187:
Collins, Billie Jean (2002), "Necromancy, Fertility and the Dark Earth: The Use of Ritual Pits in Hittite Cult", in Mirecki, Paul; Meyer, Marvin (eds.),
321:
Anunnaki there were, or what their divine function was. Originally, the Anunnaki appear to have been heavenly deities with immense powers. In the poem
212:, after an earlier history of visiting earth in the mythological texts, and that a god's statue was a physical embodiment of the god himself. As such,
3579:
2469:
Lewis, Tyson; Kahn, Richard (2005), "The Reptoid Hypothesis: Utopian and Dystopian Representational Motifs in David Icke's Alien Conspiracy Theory",
456:
epic, the Igigi are the sixth generation of the gods who are forced to perform labor for the Anunnaki. After forty days, the Igigi rebel and the god
3156:
3650:
748:
writes that, according to Sitchin, "the Annunaki built the pyramids and all the other monumental structures from around the ancient world that
556:
and causing a disturbance. The disturbance causes a flood, which forces the resident gods of Nippur to take shelter in the Eshumesha temple to
185:. They were thought to possess extraordinary powers and were often envisioned as being of tremendous physical size. The deities typically wore
752:
theorists consider so impossible to build without highly advanced technologies." Sitchin expanded on this mythology in later works, including
2691:
2608:
2567:
2544:
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516:, describes the Anunnaki as seven judges of the Underworld, who set the land aflame as the storm approaches. Later, when the flood comes,
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427:, the queen of the Underworld, comments that she "drink water with the Anunnaki". Later in the same poem, Ereshkigal orders her servant
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which were normally stored inside their temples and were used to transport their cult statues along waterways during various
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694:
367:
363:
84:. In the earliest Sumerian writings about them, which come from the Post-Akkadian period, the Anunnaki are deities in the
431:
to fetch the Anunnaki from Egalgina, to "decorate the threshold steps with coral", and to "seat them on golden thrones".
354:
Major deities in Sumerian mythology were associated with specific celestial bodies. Inanna was believed to be the planet
3604:
3406:
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3695:
2741:
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545:, the Anunnaki are described as the brothers of the god Nergal and are depicted as antagonistic towards humanity.
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2256:
3675:
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3433:
3415:
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2310:
Sumerian Mythology: A Study of Spiritual and Literary Achievement in the Third Millennium B.C.: Revised Edition
435:
2617:
Rogers, John H. (1998), "Origins of the Ancient Astronomical Constellations: I: The Mesopotamian Traditions",
772:. Sitchin's writings have been universally rejected by mainstream historians, who have labelled his books as
3496:
3317:
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2410:
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731:
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21:
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639:
The Hittite account of the old gods' banishment to the Underworld is closely related with the Greek poet
620:
The old gods had no identifiable cult in the Hurrio-Hittite religion; instead, the Hurrians and Hittites
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97:
3470:
2808:
261:
3584:
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690:
233:
584:, depicting twelve gods of the underworld, whom the Hittites identified as the Mesopotamian Anunnaki
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3038:
848:
783:
633:
549:
237:
85:
81:
2452:
Stairway to Heaven: Chinese Alchemists, Jewish Kabbalists, and the Art of Spiritual Transformation
358:. Utu was believed to be the sun. Nanna was the moon. An was identified with all the stars of the
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26:
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could also be worn by heroes, kings, giants, and even demons. The effect that seeing a deity's
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stands trial before them for her attempt to take over the Underworld; they deem her guilty of
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69:
2683:
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2537:
A Woman of Valor: Jerusalem Ancient Near Eastern Studies in Honor of Joan Goodnick Westenholz
2450:
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was believed to be that deity's literal place of residence. The gods had boats, full-sized
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Akkadian texts of the second millennium BC follow similar portrayals of the Anunnaki from
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112:
73:
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572:
3510:
3293:
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371:
2729:
Ancient Mesopotamian Gods and Goddesses: Anunna (Anunnaku, Anunnaki) (a group of gods)
370:. The path of Enlil's celestial orbit was a continuous, symmetrical circle around the
3644:
3609:
2597:
Robertson, David G. (2016), Cox, James; Sutcliffe, Steven; Sweetman, William (eds.),
2508:
2500:
2483:
2378:
2329:
843:
698:
552:(911 – 612 BC) describes Marduk leading his army of Anunnaki into the sacred city of
115:
96:, the god of the heavens and the goddess of earth, and their primary function was to
404:, who the Babylonians and Assyrians envisioned as a prominent member of the Anunnaki
168:, stating that they were originally the same figure. The oldest of the Anunnaki was
3528:
3303:
3181:
2793:
735:
726:
541:, a "splendid" temple dedicated to Marduk, Ea, and Ellil. In the eighth-century BC
521:
492:
398:
157:
93:
145:, the Sumerian god of the sky. The name is variously written "a-nuna", "a-nuna-ke
3201:
3176:
2950:
2904:
2576:
509:
479:
was applied to the heavenly deities. During this period, the underworld deities
202:
524:
equivalent to Inanna) and the Anunnaki mourn over the destruction of humanity.
3099:
3010:
2990:
2945:
2869:
2788:
2349:
Kramer, Samuel Noah (1983), "The Sumerian Deluge Myth: Reviewed and Revised",
2230:
Edzard, D. O. (1965), "Mesopotamien. Die Mythologie der Sumerer und Akkader",
779:
739:
621:
513:
452:
424:
213:
2067:
272:
BC depicting the deities Inanna, Utu, and Enki, three members of the Anunnaki
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3196:
3171:
3094:
2985:
2955:
2914:
2843:
625:
613:
534:
393:
302:
165:
123:
2603:, Bloomsbury Advances in Religious Studies, London: Bloomsbury Publishing,
2094:
487:, and Madānu are listed as the most powerful among the Anunnaki, alongside
2639:
The Space-gods revealed. A close look at the theories of Erich von Däniken
2129:
Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary
29:
depicting ancient Mesopotamian gods wearing characteristic horned crowns (
3227:
3104:
3084:
2874:
713:
653:
475:
was applied generally to the deities of the underworld; whereas the name
464:
413:
374:, but those of An and Enki were believed to intersect at various points.
290:
2492:
2120:
149:-ne", or "a-nun-na", meaning "princely offspring" or "offspring of An".
3298:
3252:
3191:
3048:
3005:
2980:
2975:
2919:
2894:
2533:
in the Future": A new Mythological Text of Marduk, Enlil and Damkianna"
2455:, New York and London: Continuum International Publishing Group, Inc.,
2370:
2308:
2243:
Falkenstein, A. (1965), "Die Anunna in der sumerischen Überlieferung",
817:
795:
791:
666:
632:
in a pit dug in the ground. The old gods were often invoked to perform
597:
581:
557:
538:
480:
229:
77:
189:, an ambiguous substance which "covered them in terrifying splendor".
3489:
3272:
3267:
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3241:
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3079:
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3000:
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2884:
2879:
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2733:
838:
833:
828:
662:
640:
553:
517:
488:
484:
450:, there is a clear distinction between the two. In the late Akkadian
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417:
401:
348:
344:
335:
314:
217:
3115:
2362:
2258:
Invented Knowledge: False History, Fake Science and Pseudo-Religions
2705:
Inanna: Queen of Heaven and Earth: Her Stories and Hymns from Sumer
764:(2007), Sitchin predicted that the Anunnaki would return to earth,
3594:
3232:
3089:
3043:
2924:
2828:
2798:
2659:
The Encyclopedia of Hell: A Comprehensive Survey of the Underworld
2600:
UFOs, Conspiracy Theories and the New Age: Millennial Conspiracism
2213:
Myths from Mesopotamia: Creation, the Flood, Gilgamesh, and Others
2171:
The Dictionary of Mythology: An A-Z of Themes, Legends, and Heroes
571:
443:
392:
355:
330:
294:
281:
260:
221:
169:
107:
65:
20:
1221:
1219:
600:. Hittite scribes identified these deities with the Anunnaki. In
3589:
3217:
3058:
3033:
3015:
2823:
2778:
1379:
1377:
1375:
561:
457:
298:
3119:
2737:
2539:, vol. 8, Madrid: Biblioteca del Próximo Oriente Antiguo,
2095:"Copper alloy foundation figurines with pegs representing Gods"
208:
The ancient Mesopotamians believed that their deities lived in
3256:
2848:
2783:
2535:, in Horowitz, Wayne; Gabbay, Uri; Vukosavokić, Filip (eds.),
1260:
1258:
629:
340:
310:
153:
142:
89:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1338:
1336:
1206:
1204:
1160:
1158:
2278:
Egyptomania: A History of Fascination, Obsession and Fantasy
1961:
1959:
1957:
1647:
1645:
1747:
1745:
1275:
1273:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1090:
1088:
1086:
3381:
The Sorceress: The Secrets of the Immortal Nicholas Flamel
907:
905:
903:
901:
899:
897:
895:
893:
891:
889:
762:
The End of Days: Armageddon and the Prophecy of the Return
2625:(1), London: The British Astronomical Association: 9–28,
2559:
The Ancient Near East: An Anthology of Texts and Pictures
2107:
Archi, Alfonso (1990), "The Names of the Primeval Gods",
985:
983:
970:
968:
442:
1830 BC – c. 1531 BC), a new set of deities known as the
1976:
1974:
1944:
1942:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1668:
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1632:
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1521:
1519:
1517:
876:
874:
2477:(1), Pennsylvania: Penn State University Press: 45–74,
1791:
1789:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1697:
697:, and offers interpretations of Sumerian texts and the
460:, one of the Anunnaki, creates humans to replace them.
339:, there are only seven Anunnaki, who reside within the
3455:
The Epic of Gilgamesh, or This Unnameable Little Broom
1728:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1563:
1561:
1548:
1546:
1073:
1071:
716:
extraterrestrial species from the undiscovered planet
537:. In gratitude, the Anunnaki, the "Great Gods", build
45:
2662:, New York: Thomas Dunne Books/St. Martin's Griffin,
1069:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
683:
Over a series of published books (starting with
2331:
The Sumerians: Their History, Culture, and Character
2193:, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, pp. 224–233,
2173:, London: Arcturus Publishing Limited, p. 108,
1016:
1014:
1012:
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1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
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712:
claimed that the Anunnaki were actually an advanced
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3520:
3481:
3446:
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3332:
3325:
3286:
3210:
3164:
3155:
3072:
3024:
2933:
2857:
2816:
2771:
2153:, University of Pennsylvania Museum, archived from
280:come from inscriptions written during the reign of
2328:
2313:, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press,
152:The Anunnaki were believed to be the offspring of
126:, sitting on a throne surrounded by worshippers (
2619:Journal of the British Astronomical Association
2297:The Image of the Underworld in Sumerian Sources
2147:"Anunna (Anunnaku, Anunnaki) (a group of gods)"
1383:
947:
381:
164:identifies Ki with the Sumerian mother goddess
2412:A Dictionary of Ancient Near Eastern Mythology
2238:(Götter und Mythen im Vorderen Orient): 17–140
2115:(2), Rome: Gregorian Biblical Press: 114–129,
3131:
2749:
2583:, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press,
2093:Amin, Osama Shukir Muhammed (31 March 2014),
8:
1424:
1395:
1354:
1342:
1237:
1225:
1210:
1164:
1042:
3329:
3161:
3138:
3124:
3116:
2756:
2742:
2734:
2707:, New York: Harper & Row, Publishers,
2562:, Princeton University Press, p. 34,
2232:Wörterbuch der Mythologie, erste Abteilung
1537:
1448:
1436:
1407:
1279:
1264:
1249:
1195:
1176:
1149:
1130:
1118:
1106:
1094:
911:
2482:
2169:Coleman, J. A.; Davidson, George (2015),
2040:
2028:
2016:
1921:
1751:
1615:
1603:
673:Pseudoarchaeology and conspiracy theories
2357:, British Institute at Ankara: 115–121,
2335:, Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
880:
608:, which means "former ancient gods", or
423:written in the early second millennium,
2388:The Oxford Companion to World Mythology
2151:Ancient Mesopotamian Gods and Goddesses
1823:
1807:
1732:
1684:
1484:
1472:
870:
665:, just as Anu was castrated by his son
622:sought to communicate with the old gods
2299:, Bethesda, MD: CDL Press, p. 403
2127:Black, Jeremy; Green, Anthony (1992),
2004:
1992:
1980:
1965:
1948:
1902:
1883:
1871:
1859:
1847:
1835:
1795:
1780:
1672:
1651:
1636:
1591:
1579:
1525:
1508:
1460:
1366:
1327:
1315:
1303:
1077:
989:
974:
959:
935:
923:
276:The earliest known usages of the term
2529:""Damkianna Shall Not Bring Back Her
2190:Magic and Ritual in the Ancient World
1933:
1768:
1709:
1567:
1552:
1496:
1030:
643:'s narrative of the overthrow of the
410:Inanna's Descent into the Netherworld
336:Inanna's Descent into the Netherworld
64:and other variations) are a group of
16:Group of ancient Mesopotamian deities
7:
2513:, Santa Barbara, Calif.: Greenwood,
2131:, London: The British Museum Press,
1291:
689: in 1968), pseudoarchaeologist
576:Ancient Hittite relief carving from
2391:, Oxford University Press, p.
2216:, Oxford: Oxford University Press,
418:an abbreviated Akkadian version of
156:and his consort, the earth goddess
2435:, New York and London: Routledge,
768:, corresponding to the end of the
604:, the Anunnaki are referred to as
234:semi-democratic legislative system
14:
2682:, New York: Metro Books, p.
2510:Daily Life in Ancient Mesopotamia
471:1592 – 1155 BC) onward, the name
397:Babylonian representation of the
378:Akkadian, Babylonian and Assyrian
265:Akkadian cylinder seal dating to
3623:
3622:
3316:
2807:
2507:Nemet-Nejat, Karen Rhea (1998),
2484:10.5325/utopianstudies.16.1.0045
2432:The Babylonians: An Introduction
770:Mesoamerican Long Count calendar
512:, the immortal survivor of the
197:has on a human is described as
2703:; Kramer, Samuel Noah (1983),
548:A badly damaged text from the
203:physical tingling of the flesh
1:
3651:Ancient astronaut speculation
812:Ancient Mesopotamian religion
505:
468:
439:
366:, and Enki with those of the
285:
266:
245:
241:
127:
30:
3656:Characters in the Enūma Eliš
2327:Kramer, Samuel Noah (1963),
2086:General and cited references
98:decree the fates of humanity
1384:Wolkstein & Kramer 1983
948:Coleman & Davidson 2015
788:reptilian conspiracy theory
3714:
2656:Van Scott, Miriam (1998),
2527:Oshima, Takayoshi (2010),
2409:Leick, Gwendolyn (1998) ,
2281:, London: Reaktion Books,
2275:Fritze, Ronald H. (2016),
2261:, London: Reaktion Books,
2100:World History Encyclopedia
676:
588:In the mythologies of the
362:, Enlil with those of the
351:and condemn her to death.
3618:
3314:
2805:
2429:Leick, Gwendolyn (2003),
2043:, p. 69, footnote 6.
498:In the standard Akkadian
3357:Gilgamesh in the Outback
3341:The Great American Novel
2385:Leemings, David (2009),
1886:, pp. 25–26, 29–30.
766:possibly as soon as 2012
758:The Wars of Gods and Men
465:Middle Babylonian Period
323:Enki and the World Order
236:that existed during the
3686:Sky and weather deities
3497:Demon with a Glass Hand
2449:Levenda, Peter (2008),
2415:, New York: Routledge,
2145:Brisch, Nicole (2016),
416:Underworld deities. In
176:Worship and iconography
118:impression depicting a
2637:Story, Ronald (1976).
2245:Assyriological Studies
1538:Black & Green 1992
1449:Black & Green 1992
1437:Black & Green 1992
1408:Black & Green 1992
1280:Black & Green 1992
1265:Black & Green 1992
1250:Black & Green 1992
1196:Black & Green 1992
1177:Black & Green 1992
1150:Black & Green 1992
1131:Black & Green 1992
1119:Black & Green 1992
1107:Black & Green 1992
1095:Black & Green 1992
912:Black & Green 1992
754:The Stairway to Heaven
732:in vitro fertilization
669:in the Hittite story.
585:
405:
391:
273:
134:
48:, also transcribed as
37:
3691:Time and fate deities
3403:(1955 Czech oratorio)
3400:The Epic of Gilgamesh
3287:Other mythical beings
2581:Comparative Mythology
2054:"Conspiracy Theories"
2041:Lewis & Kahn 2005
2029:Lewis & Kahn 2005
2017:Lewis & Kahn 2005
686:Chariots of the Gods?
575:
436:Old Babylonian Period
396:
343:and serve as judges.
264:
111:
24:
3681:Mesopotamian deities
3585:Gilgamesh flood myth
3439:(1986 Serbian opera)
3421:(1970 Turkish opera)
3412:(1964 Turkish opera)
3373:Slaves of the Shinar
2865:Dumuzid the Shepherd
2676:Willis, Roy (2012),
2641:. Harper & Row.
2062:. 20 November 2008.
786:who popularised the
657:. The Greek sky-god
634:ritual purifications
495:of ancient Babylon.
412:, depicting them as
372:north celestial pole
228:. The gods also had
3559:The Tower of Druaga
3504:The Tower of Druaga
3471:Where Is Gilgamesh?
3430:(1972 Danish opera)
2858:Other major deities
2631:1998JBAA..108....9R
2554:Pritchard, James B.
2305:Kramer, Samuel Noah
2157:on 3 September 2019
1995:, pp. 213–214.
1968:, pp. 212–213.
1826:, pp. 226–227.
1654:, pp. 145–146.
1439:, pp. 182–184.
1410:, pp. 108–109.
1398:, pp. 201–203.
1357:, pp. 187–189.
1318:, pp. 122–123.
1240:, pp. 186–188.
1228:, pp. 186–187.
1121:, pp. 130–131.
1045:, pp. 127–140.
962:, pp. 115–121.
784:conspiracy theorist
734:in order to create
624:through the ritual
568:Hurrian and Hittite
550:Neo-Assyrian Period
238:Third Dynasty of Ur
226:religious festivals
3696:Underworld deities
3349:Gilgamesh the King
3263:Shullat and Hanish
2765:Sumerian mythology
1369:, pp. 17–140.
724:their species and
706:The Twelfth Planet
679:Ancient astronauts
586:
527:In the Babylonian
406:
274:
162:Samuel Noah Kramer
135:
120:vegetation goddess
38:
27:foundation figures
25:Four copper-alloy
3666:Epic of Gilgamesh
3638:
3637:
3568:
3567:
3463:Princess Mononoke
3365:Timewyrm: Genesys
3312:
3311:
3148:Epic of Gilgamesh
3113:
3112:
2772:Primordial beings
2693:978-1-4351-4173-5
2610:978-1-4742-5320-8
2569:978-0-691-14726-0
2546:978-84-00-09133-0
2520:978-0-313-29497-6
2462:978-0-8264-2850-9
2402:978-0-19-538708-7
2351:Anatolian Studies
2295:Katz, D. (2003),
2288:978-1-78023-639-1
2268:978-1-86189-430-4
2253:Fritze, Ronald H.
2208:Dalley, Stephanie
2180:978-1-78404-478-7
2031:, pp. 51–52.
1874:, pp. 27–30.
1862:, pp. 29–30.
1850:, pp. 27–29.
1838:, pp. 26–27.
1783:, pp. 25–26.
1618:, pp. 34–35.
1606:, pp. 33–34.
1487:, pp. 29–30.
1267:, pp. 44–45.
1109:, pp. 93–94.
992:, pp. 72–75.
977:, pp. 72–73.
774:pseudoarchaeology
750:ancient astronaut
704:In his 1976 book
691:Erich von Däniken
580:, a sanctuary at
501:Epic of Gilgamesh
201:, a word for the
88:, descendants of
3703:
3626:
3625:
3600:Sîn-lēqi-unninni
3330:
3320:
3162:
3140:
3133:
3126:
3117:
3025:Demons, spirits,
2811:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2735:
2717:
2701:Wolkstein, Diane
2696:
2672:
2652:
2633:
2613:
2593:
2572:
2549:
2523:
2503:
2486:
2465:
2445:
2425:
2405:
2381:
2345:
2334:
2323:
2300:
2291:
2271:
2248:
2239:
2226:
2203:
2183:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2141:
2123:
2103:
2079:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2050:
2044:
2038:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1969:
1963:
1952:
1946:
1937:
1931:
1925:
1919:
1906:
1900:
1887:
1881:
1875:
1869:
1863:
1857:
1851:
1845:
1839:
1833:
1827:
1821:
1815:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1755:
1749:
1740:
1730:
1713:
1707:
1692:
1682:
1676:
1670:
1655:
1649:
1640:
1634:
1619:
1613:
1607:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1556:
1550:
1541:
1535:
1529:
1523:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1425:Nemet-Nejat 1998
1422:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1396:Nemet-Nejat 1998
1393:
1387:
1381:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1355:Nemet-Nejat 1998
1352:
1346:
1343:Nemet-Nejat 1998
1340:
1331:
1325:
1319:
1313:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1277:
1268:
1262:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1238:Nemet-Nejat 1998
1235:
1229:
1226:Nemet-Nejat 1998
1223:
1214:
1211:Nemet-Nejat 1998
1208:
1199:
1193:
1180:
1174:
1168:
1165:Nemet-Nejat 1998
1162:
1153:
1147:
1134:
1128:
1122:
1116:
1110:
1104:
1098:
1092:
1081:
1075:
1046:
1043:Falkenstein 1965
1040:
1034:
1028:
993:
987:
978:
972:
963:
957:
951:
945:
939:
933:
927:
921:
915:
909:
884:
878:
854:Twelve Olympians
849:Tuatha Dé Danann
746:Ronald H. Fritze
710:Zecharia Sitchin
507:
470:
448:The Poem of Erra
441:
420:Inanna's Descent
389:
287:
271:
268:
247:
243:
141:is derived from
132:
131: 2350–2150
129:
47:
35:
32:
3713:
3712:
3706:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3701:
3700:
3676:Hurrian deities
3671:Hittite deities
3661:Chthonic beings
3641:
3640:
3639:
3634:
3614:
3580:Popular culture
3564:
3546:
3516:
3477:
3442:
3392:Classical music
3387:
3321:
3308:
3282:
3206:
3151:
3144:
3114:
3109:
3068:
3026:
3020:
2929:
2853:
2817:Primary deities
2812:
2803:
2767:
2762:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2699:
2694:
2679:World Mythology
2675:
2670:
2655:
2649:
2636:
2616:
2611:
2596:
2591:
2575:
2570:
2552:
2547:
2526:
2521:
2506:
2471:Utopian Studies
2468:
2463:
2448:
2443:
2428:
2423:
2408:
2403:
2384:
2363:10.2307/3642699
2348:
2343:
2326:
2321:
2303:
2294:
2289:
2274:
2269:
2251:
2242:
2229:
2224:
2206:
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2186:
2181:
2168:
2160:
2158:
2144:
2139:
2126:
2106:
2092:
2088:
2083:
2082:
2072:
2070:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2039:
2035:
2027:
2023:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1999:
1991:
1987:
1979:
1972:
1964:
1955:
1947:
1940:
1932:
1928:
1920:
1909:
1901:
1890:
1882:
1878:
1870:
1866:
1858:
1854:
1846:
1842:
1834:
1830:
1822:
1818:
1806:
1802:
1794:
1787:
1779:
1775:
1767:
1758:
1750:
1743:
1731:
1716:
1708:
1695:
1683:
1679:
1671:
1658:
1650:
1643:
1635:
1622:
1614:
1610:
1602:
1598:
1590:
1586:
1582:, pp. 112.
1578:
1574:
1566:
1559:
1551:
1544:
1536:
1532:
1524:
1515:
1507:
1503:
1495:
1491:
1483:
1479:
1471:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1447:
1443:
1435:
1431:
1423:
1414:
1406:
1402:
1394:
1390:
1382:
1373:
1365:
1361:
1353:
1349:
1341:
1334:
1326:
1322:
1314:
1310:
1302:
1298:
1290:
1286:
1278:
1271:
1263:
1256:
1248:
1244:
1236:
1232:
1224:
1217:
1209:
1202:
1194:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1156:
1148:
1137:
1129:
1125:
1117:
1113:
1105:
1101:
1093:
1084:
1076:
1049:
1041:
1037:
1029:
996:
988:
981:
973:
966:
958:
954:
946:
942:
934:
930:
922:
918:
910:
887:
879:
872:
867:
862:
824:Deva (Hinduism)
808:
681:
675:
610:kattereš šiuneš
606:karuileš šiuneš
602:ancient Hurrian
570:
390:
388:Babylonian hymn
387:
380:
269:
259:
254:
183:anthropomorphic
178:
148:
130:
106:
68:of the ancient
33:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3711:
3710:
3707:
3699:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
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3547:
3545:
3544:
3537:
3532:
3524:
3522:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3511:The Beginnings
3507:
3500:
3493:
3485:
3483:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3475:
3467:
3459:
3450:
3448:
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3413:
3404:
3395:
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3389:
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3377:
3369:
3361:
3353:
3345:
3336:
3334:
3327:
3323:
3322:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3294:Bull of Heaven
3290:
3288:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3250:
3245:
3235:
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3225:
3220:
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3208:
3207:
3205:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3168:
3166:
3159:
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3135:
3128:
3120:
3111:
3110:
3108:
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3102:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3076:
3074:
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3022:
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3019:
3018:
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3008:
3003:
2998:
2993:
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2769:
2768:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2753:
2746:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2724:
2723:External links
2721:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2697:
2692:
2673:
2668:
2653:
2647:
2634:
2614:
2609:
2594:
2589:
2573:
2568:
2556:, ed. (2010),
2550:
2545:
2524:
2519:
2504:
2466:
2461:
2446:
2441:
2426:
2421:
2406:
2401:
2382:
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2324:
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2222:
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2137:
2124:
2104:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2045:
2033:
2021:
2009:
2007:, p. 214.
1997:
1985:
1983:, p. 213.
1970:
1953:
1951:, p. 212.
1938:
1936:, pp. 3–8
1926:
1922:Robertson 2016
1907:
1905:, p. 292.
1888:
1876:
1864:
1852:
1840:
1828:
1816:
1800:
1785:
1773:
1771:, p. 114.
1756:
1754:, p. 187.
1752:Van Scott 1998
1741:
1714:
1712:, p. 141.
1693:
1677:
1675:, p. 146.
1656:
1641:
1639:, p. 145.
1620:
1616:Pritchard 2010
1608:
1604:Pritchard 2010
1596:
1594:, p. 113.
1584:
1572:
1557:
1542:
1540:, p. 106.
1530:
1528:, p. 159.
1513:
1511:, p. 156.
1501:
1499:, p. 100.
1489:
1477:
1465:
1453:
1451:, p. 135.
1441:
1429:
1427:, p. 203.
1412:
1400:
1388:
1371:
1359:
1347:
1345:, p. 179.
1332:
1330:, p. 180.
1320:
1308:
1306:, p. 123.
1296:
1294:, p. 403.
1284:
1269:
1254:
1252:, p. 174.
1242:
1230:
1215:
1213:, p. 186.
1200:
1181:
1179:, p. 102.
1169:
1167:, p. 185.
1154:
1135:
1133:, p. 130.
1123:
1111:
1099:
1082:
1047:
1035:
994:
979:
964:
952:
950:, p. 108.
940:
938:, p. 122.
928:
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841:
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821:
814:
807:
804:
782:, the British
677:Main article:
674:
671:
569:
566:
385:
379:
376:
360:equatorial sky
258:
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253:
250:
177:
174:
146:
105:
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3610:Tale of Gudam
3608:
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3542:
3538:
3536:
3535:Forgotten One
3533:
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3530:
3526:
3525:
3523:
3519:
3512:
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3505:
3501:
3498:
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3077:
3075:
3073:Mortal heroes
3071:
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2934:Minor deities
2932:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
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2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
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2863:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2850:
2847:
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2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
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2815:
2810:
2800:
2797:
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2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2759:
2754:
2752:
2747:
2745:
2740:
2739:
2736:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2716:
2714:0-06-090854-8
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2669:0-312-18574-X
2665:
2661:
2660:
2654:
2650:
2648:0-06-014141-7
2644:
2640:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2615:
2612:
2606:
2602:
2601:
2595:
2592:
2590:0-8018-3938-6
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2565:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2532:
2525:
2522:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2505:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2476:
2472:
2467:
2464:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2442:0-415-25315-2
2438:
2434:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2422:0-415-19811-9
2418:
2414:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2389:
2383:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2347:
2344:
2342:0-226-45238-7
2338:
2333:
2332:
2325:
2322:
2320:0-8122-1047-6
2316:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2293:
2290:
2284:
2280:
2279:
2273:
2270:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2254:
2250:
2247:(16): 127–140
2246:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2228:
2225:
2223:0-19-283589-0
2219:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2205:
2202:
2200:90-04-10406-2
2196:
2192:
2191:
2185:
2182:
2176:
2172:
2167:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2138:0-7141-1705-6
2134:
2130:
2125:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2060:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2025:
2022:
2019:, p. 51.
2018:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1801:
1798:, p. 26.
1797:
1792:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1678:
1674:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1576:
1573:
1570:, p. 96.
1569:
1564:
1562:
1558:
1555:, p. 85.
1554:
1549:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1534:
1531:
1527:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1502:
1498:
1493:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1478:
1475:, p. 29.
1474:
1469:
1466:
1463:, p. 13.
1462:
1457:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1389:
1386:, p. 60.
1385:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1285:
1282:, p. 52.
1281:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1243:
1239:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1198:, p. 94.
1197:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1152:, p. 98.
1151:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1115:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1100:
1097:, p. 93.
1096:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
995:
991:
986:
984:
980:
976:
971:
969:
965:
961:
956:
953:
949:
944:
941:
937:
932:
929:
926:, p. 41.
925:
920:
917:
914:, p. 34.
913:
908:
906:
904:
902:
900:
898:
896:
894:
892:
890:
886:
883:, p. 21.
882:
881:Leemings 2009
877:
875:
871:
864:
859:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
844:Eridu Genesis
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
819:
815:
813:
810:
809:
805:
803:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
741:
737:
733:
729:
728:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
702:
701:as evidence.
700:
699:Old Testament
696:
692:
688:
687:
680:
672:
670:
668:
664:
660:
656:
655:
650:
646:
642:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
617:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
583:
579:
574:
567:
565:
563:
559:
555:
551:
546:
544:
540:
536:
532:
531:
525:
523:
519:
515:
511:
503:
502:
496:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
466:
461:
459:
455:
454:
449:
445:
437:
432:
430:
426:
422:
421:
415:
411:
403:
400:
395:
384:
377:
375:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
352:
350:
346:
342:
338:
337:
332:
326:
324:
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
283:
279:
263:
256:
251:
249:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
206:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
175:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
150:
144:
140:
125:
121:
117:
116:cylinder seal
114:
110:
103:
101:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
43:
28:
23:
19:
3627:
3605:George Smith
3557:
3539:
3529:Gilgamesh II
3527:
3469:
3461:
3453:
3434:
3425:
3416:
3407:
3398:
3379:
3371:
3363:
3355:
3347:
3339:
3304:Scorpion man
3222:
3182:Enmebaragesi
3146:
3027:and monsters
2704:
2678:
2658:
2638:
2622:
2618:
2599:
2580:
2577:Puhvel, Jaan
2558:
2536:
2530:
2509:
2474:
2470:
2451:
2431:
2411:
2387:
2354:
2350:
2330:
2309:
2296:
2277:
2257:
2244:
2235:
2231:
2212:
2189:
2170:
2159:, retrieved
2155:the original
2150:
2128:
2112:
2108:
2098:
2071:. Retrieved
2057:
2048:
2036:
2024:
2012:
2000:
1988:
1929:
1879:
1867:
1855:
1843:
1831:
1824:Collins 2002
1819:
1808:Collins 2002
1803:
1776:
1733:Collins 2002
1685:Collins 2002
1680:
1611:
1599:
1587:
1575:
1533:
1504:
1492:
1485:Levenda 2008
1480:
1473:Levenda 2008
1468:
1456:
1444:
1432:
1403:
1391:
1362:
1350:
1323:
1311:
1299:
1287:
1245:
1233:
1172:
1126:
1114:
1102:
1038:
1033:, p. 8.
955:
943:
931:
919:
816:
778:
761:
757:
753:
744:
727:Homo erectus
725:
705:
703:
684:
682:
652:
638:
618:
609:
605:
587:
547:
543:Poem of Erra
542:
528:
526:
522:East Semitic
499:
497:
493:national god
476:
472:
462:
451:
447:
433:
419:
409:
407:
399:national god
382:
368:southern sky
364:northern sky
353:
334:
327:
322:
319:
277:
275:
214:cult statues
207:
198:
194:
190:
186:
179:
151:
138:
136:
61:
57:
53:
49:
41:
39:
18:
3551:Video games
3326:Adaptations
3202:Utnapishtim
2951:Geshtinanna
2905:Ningishzida
2005:Fritze 2009
1993:Fritze 2009
1981:Fritze 2009
1966:Fritze 2009
1949:Fritze 2009
1903:Fritze 2016
1884:Puhvel 1987
1872:Puhvel 1987
1860:Puhvel 1987
1848:Puhvel 1987
1836:Puhvel 1987
1810:, pp.
1796:Puhvel 1987
1781:Puhvel 1987
1673:Oshima 2010
1652:Oshima 2010
1637:Oshima 2010
1592:Dalley 1989
1580:Dalley 1989
1526:Dalley 1989
1509:Dalley 1989
1461:Rogers 1998
1367:Edzard 1965
1328:Kramer 1963
1316:Kramer 1963
1304:Kramer 1963
1078:Brisch 2016
990:Kramer 1961
975:Kramer 1961
960:Kramer 1983
936:Kramer 1963
924:Kramer 1961
760:(1985). In
756:(1980) and
740:Great Flood
514:Great Flood
510:Utnapishtim
434:During the
270: 2300
122:, possibly
82:Babylonians
44:(Sumerian:
34: 2130
3645:Categories
3482:Television
3333:Literature
3157:Characters
3100:Lugalbanda
2991:Nimintabba
2961:Hushbishag
2870:Ereshkigal
2789:Enmesharra
2109:Orientalia
1934:Story 1976
1769:Archi 1990
1735:, p.
1710:Leick 1998
1687:, p.
1568:Leick 2003
1553:Leick 1998
1497:Leick 2003
1031:Leick 1998
860:References
780:David Icke
722:hybridized
695:alien race
578:Yazılıkaya
530:Enûma Eliš
453:Atra-Hasis
425:Ereshkigal
341:Underworld
248:2004 BC).
244:2112 BC –
3541:Gilgamesh
3435:Gilgamesh
3428:(Nørgård)
3426:Gilgamesh
3417:Gilgamesh
3410:(Kodallı)
3408:Gilgamesh
3197:Urshanabi
3172:Gilgamesh
3095:Gilgamesh
2986:Ninsianna
2956:Gugalanna
2915:Ninshubur
2844:Ninhursag
2501:143047194
2379:163489322
2068:0040-781X
1292:Katz 2003
865:Citations
800:draconian
708:, author
649:Olympians
626:sacrifice
614:Ullikummi
535:cosmology
508:1200 BC)
463:From the
303:Ninhursag
252:Mythology
166:Ninhursag
137:The name
124:Ninhursag
104:Etymology
78:Assyrians
74:Akkadians
70:Sumerians
3629:Category
3437:(Brucci)
3419:(Saygun)
3223:Anunnaki
3105:Ziusudra
3085:Enmerkar
3054:Mušḫuššu
2875:Ishtaran
2579:(1987),
2493:20718709
2307:(1961),
2255:(2009),
2210:(1989),
2121:43075881
2111:, NOVA,
2073:27 March
806:See also
714:humanoid
654:Theogony
594:Hittites
590:Hurrians
473:Anunnaki
414:chthonic
386:—
278:Anunnaki
257:Sumerian
230:chariots
139:Anunnaki
113:Akkadian
86:pantheon
54:Annunaki
46:𒀭𒀀𒉣𒈾
42:Anunnaki
3299:Humbaba
3253:Shamash
3211:Deities
3192:Shamhat
3006:Sherida
2981:Ninkasi
2976:Ninimma
2920:Ninurta
2895:Ninegal
2627:Bibcode
2371:3642699
2161:19 June
1812:225–226
796:Dracula
792:dragons
667:Kumarbi
659:Ouranos
651:in his
647:by the
598:Lelwani
582:Hattusa
558:Ninurta
539:Esagila
481:Damkina
66:deities
62:Ananaki
50:Anunaki
3521:Comics
3490:Darmok
3474:(2024)
3466:(1997)
3458:(1985)
3384:(2009)
3376:(2006)
3368:(1991)
3360:(1986)
3352:(1984)
3344:(1973)
3273:Silili
3268:Siduri
3248:Ninsun
3242:Inanna
3238:Ishtar
3187:Enkidu
3165:Humans
3080:Enkidu
3064:Rabisu
3049:Huwawa
3001:Nungal
2996:Ninsun
2971:Namtar
2966:Isimud
2941:Azimua
2910:Ninlil
2900:Ningal
2890:Ninazu
2885:Nisaba
2880:Nergal
2834:Inanna
2711:
2690:
2666:
2645:
2607:
2587:
2566:
2543:
2531:Burden
2517:
2499:
2491:
2459:
2439:
2419:
2399:
2377:
2369:
2339:
2317:
2285:
2265:
2220:
2197:
2177:
2135:
2119:
2066:
839:Hutena
834:Elohim
829:Dingir
798:, and
736:humans
718:Nibiru
663:Cronus
645:Titans
641:Hesiod
630:piglet
554:Nippur
518:Ishtar
491:, the
489:Marduk
485:Nergal
429:Namtar
402:Marduk
349:hubris
345:Inanna
315:Inanna
313:, and
222:barges
218:temple
210:Heaven
58:Anunna
3595:Mashu
3573:Other
3233:Enlil
3090:Etana
3044:Gallu
2925:Nuska
2839:Nanna
2829:Enlil
2799:Nammu
2497:S2CID
2489:JSTOR
2375:S2CID
2367:JSTOR
2117:JSTOR
628:of a
520:(the
477:Igigi
444:Igigi
356:Venus
333:. In
331:Eridu
307:Nanna
295:Enlil
282:Gudea
195:melam
191:Melam
187:melam
170:Enlil
3590:Uruk
3447:Film
3218:Adad
3059:Udug
3039:Anzû
3034:Asag
3016:Uttu
3011:Ugur
2946:Bitu
2824:Enki
2779:Abzu
2709:ISBN
2688:ISBN
2664:ISBN
2643:ISBN
2605:ISBN
2585:ISBN
2564:ISBN
2541:ISBN
2515:ISBN
2457:ISBN
2437:ISBN
2417:ISBN
2397:ISBN
2337:ISBN
2315:ISBN
2283:ISBN
2263:ISBN
2218:ISBN
2195:ISBN
2175:ISBN
2163:2013
2133:ISBN
2075:2021
2064:ISSN
2059:Time
818:Æsir
730:via
592:and
562:Nabu
458:Enki
299:Enki
92:and
80:and
40:The
3278:Wer
3257:Utu
3177:Aga
2849:Utu
2623:108
2479:doi
2359:doi
1737:225
1689:228
311:Utu
133:BC)
36:BC)
3647::
3228:Ea
2794:Ki
2784:An
2686:,
2684:62
2621:,
2495:,
2487:,
2475:16
2473:,
2395:,
2393:21
2373:,
2365:,
2355:33
2353:,
2234:,
2149:,
2113:59
2097:,
2056:.
1973:^
1956:^
1941:^
1910:^
1891:^
1788:^
1759:^
1744:^
1717:^
1696:^
1659:^
1644:^
1623:^
1560:^
1545:^
1516:^
1415:^
1374:^
1335:^
1272:^
1257:^
1218:^
1203:^
1184:^
1157:^
1138:^
1085:^
1050:^
997:^
982:^
967:^
888:^
873:^
794:,
636:.
506:c.
483:,
469:c.
440:c.
317:.
309:,
305:,
301:,
297:,
293:,
291:An
286:c.
267:c.
246:c.
242:c.
199:ni
160:.
158:Ki
154:An
143:An
128:c.
100:.
94:Ki
90:An
76:,
72:,
60:,
56:,
52:,
31:c.
3513:"
3509:"
3506:"
3502:"
3499:"
3495:"
3492:"
3488:"
3259:)
3255:(
3244:)
3240:(
3139:e
3132:t
3125:v
2757:e
2750:t
2743:v
2651:.
2629::
2481::
2361::
2236:I
2077:.
1924:.
1814:.
1739:.
1691:.
1080:.
504:(
467:(
438:(
284:(
240:(
147:4
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