159:) were frequently transferred between different areas of responsibility, usually with little or no actual training for their new areas of responsibility. Thus, the term apparatchik, or "agent of the apparatus" was usually the best possible description of the person's profession and occupation. Not all apparatchiks held lifelong positions. Many only entered such positions in middle age. They were known to receive various benefits including free holiday vouchers, free meals and accommodation. Today
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or political responsibility, with the exception of the higher ranks of management called
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in terms of the quality, competence, and attitude of a person thus described.
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250:. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. p. 455.
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359:"The Elite and Their Privileges in the Soviet Union"
301:(1972). "Chapter 7: The Rule of the Apparatchiks".
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