321:, which was also applicable to guitars according to the specifications, was intended to enhance "power and quality of tone." Among the features of this instrument were a violin-style arched top and back, each carved from a single piece of wood, and thicker in the middle than at the sides; sides carved to shape from a single block of wood; and a lack of internal "braces, splices, blocks, or bridges . . . which, if employed, would rob the instrument of much of its volume of tone." But Gibson was not the first to apply violin design principles to the guitar. Guitar maker A. H. Merrill, for example, patented in 1896 a very modern looking instrument "of the guitar and mandolin type . . . with egg-shaped hoop or sides and a graduated convex back and top." The instrument featured a metal tailpiece and teardrop shaped "f-holes," and strongly resembled the archtop guitars of the 1930s. James S. Back obtained patent #508,858 in 1893 for a guitar (which also mentions applicability to mandolins) that among other features included an arched top, which were produced under the Howe Orme name. Another transitional design is the
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688:, the lower of these partly covered by a scratch plate raised above the belly so as not to dampen its vibration. The arching of the top and the f-holes are similar to the violin family, on which they were originally based. The contours of the arching profile are usually derived in an ad hoc fashion. The tops of Gibson's archtops were
932:
A relatively small number of ukulele makers offer instruments with flat tops but arched backs, generally of heat-pressed laminate construction with high-quality veneer; that design concentrates the uke body's internal resonance upward toward the sound hole, "like a parabolic mirror," according to the
348:
was released to his design. Although the new instrument models flopped commercially and Loar left Gibson after only a couple of years, Gibson instruments signed by Loar now are among the most prized and celebrated in stringed-instrument history. Perhaps the most revered instrument from this period is
786:
is left to vibrate freely as no hardware other than the bridge posts come into contact with it. These instruments have a full-size body and a powerful acoustic tone suitable both for chords and for melody work. For amplified use, these guitars may be fitted with floating pickups in the neck position
474:
remain available to this day, they have become the exception. In 1958, the L5CES was redesigned with humbucking pickups; most, but certainly not all, subsequent archtop guitars conform loosely to the pattern set by this model. The electric archtop was particularly popular with jazz musicians
723:
The original acoustic archtop guitars were designed to enhance volume, so they were constructed for use with relatively heavy strings. Even after electrification became the norm, jazz guitarists have continued to fit strings of 0.012" gauge or heavier for reasons of tone, and also prefer
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Semi-hollow guitars with a solid core but hollow bouts. In these, the bridge is fixed to a solid block of wood rather than to a sound board, and the belly vibration is minimized much as in a solid body instrument. While most such instruments feature
552:, although not all semiacoustic guitars have an arched top. Thinlines became popular with mainstream pop and rock artists during the 1960s. The ES-335 and similar guitars were taken up by, and remain steadfastly popular with, electric blues players;
578:
brought the aesthetics of the instrument to even greater heights, making them attractive to collectors, and also continuing to innovate in technical design. The
Benedetto style of acoustic/electric archtop has itself been copied by luthiers such as
544:, introduced after Epiphone was acquired in 1957 by CMI, Gibson's parent company. These were more feedback resistant, comfortable to hold and easier to play standing up. The first thinlines were hollow bodies. Later thinlines such as the ES-335,
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The top or belly (and often the back) of the archtop guitar is either carved out of a block of solid wood or heat-pressed using either a solid top or laminations, the latter being a less expensive construction method. The belly normally has two
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the F5 mandolin, but probably the more broadly influential was the L5 guitar, which remains in production to this day. The mature Gibson archtop guitar and its imitators are regarded as the quintessential "
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attached either to the base of the fingerboard or the edge of the pickguard. Today's "carved tops" may also incorporate piezo electric pickups to amplify the sound without changing the tone, as in other
309:
A 1918 "The Gibson" acoustic guitar, with a 13th fret neck join, circular sound hole, and floating bridge. This was a transitional model with no f-holes and a much smaller body than the classic archtop.
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similar to fully acoustic guitars, but also have permanent pickups built into the sound board and are intended to be played through an amplifier. In some thin-bodied models, such as the
989:
423:, the first electric archtop (1936). Note the "Charlie Christian" Style pickup, a heavy affair mounted inside the guitar with three bolts through the top used by Charlie Christian
810:, the function of the sound box is purely to modify the sound transmitted to the pickups, as the un-amplified sound is weak and not normally considered musically useful.
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Interest in archtops was revived in the 1990s. Archtops had long been expensive instruments, with a level of finish and ornament to match. Boutique luthiers such as
536:
Gibson's last innovation in archtop design was the creation, in 1955, of "thinline" models with a reduced body depth. Notable thinline models include the successful
455:
who popularized the jazz guitar as a solo, not just a rhythm, instrument. The ES-150's top was not carved on the underside, making it unsuitable for acoustic use.
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Fully acoustic instruments with either a pressed laminate wood or hand carved top. One example in the latter category, almost cello-like in construction, is the
591:, bridge, tuner buttons, knobs, etc.) are made of wood (ebony or rosewood) instead of metal and have a clean acoustic look. It is estimated there are nearly 100
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orchestras of the period. Unlike the usual acoustic guitars utilized in jazz, it was loud enough to take a more prominent position in ensembles. Jazz guitarist
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Many vibrato systems cannot be fitted to an archtop owing to the need to cut large holes in the belly to accommodate the mechanism, with the exception of the
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backs. Full-sized archtops are among the largest guitars ever made, with the width of the lower bout in some cases approaching 19 inches (47 cm).
598:
Contrastingly, mass-market archtop guitars became more affordable in the late 20th century, due to a combination of low labor costs in Asian countries and
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manufacture. Most major guitar marques include at least a couple of archtops in their range, albeit not necessarily manufactured at their own facilities.
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corporation sells archtops under its own name besides manufacturing for other companies. Gibson sells inexpensive Asian-made archtops under its
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musicians. The earliest Gibson designs (L1 to L3) introduced the arched top and increasing body sizes, but still had round or oval sound holes.
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and necks similar in width to a steel-string acoustic rather than an electric. High-end models traditionally have "block" or "trapezoid"
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The 1970s and 1980s were a low point of interest in archtops, with many rock and pop (and some jazz and blues) players switching to
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was hired by the Gibson
Company to redesign their instrument line in an effort to counter flagging sales, and in that same year the
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A continuum exists from purely acoustic instruments similar to the original
Orville Gibson design, to solid-body designs:
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guitar is generally recognized as the world's first commercially successful
Spanish-style electric guitar. The
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fitted with a floating bridge and tailpiece. These inexpensive instruments, manufactured by companies such as
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are most often used for the resonant tops of archtop guitars, although some guitar builders use
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guitar with a full body and a distinctive arched top, whose sound is particularly popular with
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Solid body instruments, such as the Les Paul
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is usually credited with making the first electric guitar solo, but it was ES-150 player
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models. Some of these instruments have a distinctive "twangy" sound and were taken up by
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Other manufacturers introduced electric archtop guitars, notable examples including the
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took up the manufacture of archtops. Archtop guitars were particularly adopted by both
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guitars with carved bellies also refer to these as archtop to distinguish these from
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German seller RISA, whose Koki'o brand line of ukuleles all feature arched backs.
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and a cable. After its introduction in 1936, it immediately became popular in
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Archtop guitars were subsequently made by many top
American luthiers, notably
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1144:
Mottola, R.M. (2002). "A Method for
Specifying Contours of an Arched Plate".
648:'s use of carbon fibre in high-end acoustic archtops, and the Godin Montreal
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728:. Thinline archtops generally use standard electric guitar strings.
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The
Unsettling History of the American Guitar 19thcenturyguitar.com
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1037:"Vintage Guitars Info's (sic) Gibson Thinline Model Descriptions"
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as an archtop to distinguish it from flat top models such as the
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body and two electric pickups, equally playable as either an
668:, an inexpensive thinline archtop available since the 1990s
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and ES-355 were semi-hollow. Thinlines can be classed as
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In 1951, Gibson released the L5CES, an L5 with a single
27:
Type of steel-stringed acoustic or semi-acoustic guitar
1018:, "Mandolin", published 1895, issued 1898.
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in Boston, and by other major manufacturers, notably
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were developed at the same time for similar reasons.
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435:stands for Electric Spanish, and it was designated
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1185:"What is the real scoop on Archtop Guitar Strings"
1160:"The Archtop Jazz Guitar by Fernando Alonso Jaen"
846:have been manufactured since the use of electric
1045:
1043:
1268:The Archtop Jazz Guitar by Fernando Alonso Jaén
850:became popular. The most famous example is the
606:sells an extensive range of archtops under the
556:'s various "Lucilles" are based on the ES-335.
261:An arched top and back, not a flat top and back
865:makes a range of archtop 4-, 5-, and 6-string
1293:
1073:"Find Custom Archtop Guitars | Fine Archtops"
759:. For example, Gibson refers to the standard
8:
1257:Liutaio Mottola Lutherie Information Website
914:is a cross between an archtop and an Indian
439:because it cost $ 150, along with an EH-150
132:
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120:Learn how and when to remove this message
751:, arched top instrument, some makers of
747:Although "archtop" normally refers to a
659:
313:The archtop guitar is often credited to
955:
822:, some semi-hollow bodies, such as the
735:and the long tailpiece versions of the
563:. One manufacturer for this period was
276:similar to members of the violin family
131:
644:Recent technical innovations include
540:, introduced in 1958, as well as the
7:
964:"Orville Gibson Guitar and Mandolin"
58:adding citations to reliable sources
672:Archtops usually have three-a-side
514:. Similar models remain popular in
254:Typically, an archtop guitar has:
25:
921:Some electric archtops also have
900:archtops have been manufactured.
743:Various use of the term "archtop"
1767:
1766:
903:A few luthiers offer archtopped
138:
34:
1710:History of the classical guitar
600:computer numerically controlled
380:. In Europe, companies such as
45:needs additional citations for
873:also makes a range of archtop
1:
712:. Archtop guitars often have
530:Chet Atkins Country Gentleman
333:, are associated with early
1253:Girasoli Parlor Jazz Guitar
587:. Most of the accessories (
1819:
988:David K. Bradford (2009).
532:developed in the mid-1950s
1762:
1263:Specialist archtop dealer
789:acoustic-electric guitars
370:Charles Stromberg and Son
210:
187:
137:
1240:Making an Archtop Guitar
733:Bigsby vibrato tailpiece
595:in North America alone.
289:Bigsby vibrato tailpiece
148:CES, an electric archtop
1273:Archtop Guitars in Jazz
1164:Acousticfingerstyle.com
593:archtop guitar luthiers
1803:Rockabilly instruments
1700:Electric guitar design
990:"The Quest for Volume"
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424:
310:
1737:list of manufacturers
923:piezoelectric pickups
663:
524:
418:
308:
1381:By type (six string)
796:semiacoustic guitars
550:semiacoustic guitars
492:Gretsch White Falcon
267:Moveable adjustable
54:improve this article
1189:Professorstring.com
784:sound board (music)
637:5th Avenue and the
618:brand, such as the
366:William Wilkanowski
182:Related instruments
134:
1487:Additional strings
1442:Guitarrón mexicano
1238:Robert Benedetto:
905:Maccaferri guitars
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561:solid body guitars
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404:musicians, and in
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1793:Blues instruments
1780:
1779:
1622:Chitarra battente
1393:acoustic-electric
1146:American Lutherie
1051:"Epiphone Casino"
1000:on 17 March 2012.
943:Archtop mandolins
842:Archtop 4-string
818:, as seen on the
726:flatwound strings
710:Western red cedar
708:(Red spruce), or
706:Adirondack spruce
453:Charlie Christian
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690:parallel braced
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631:The Loar Lh-600
542:Epiphone Casino
468:electric guitar
464:acoustic guitar
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1216:on 2010-02-02
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1079:on 2012-07-30
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821:
820:Gibson ES-335
817:
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809:
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800:Gibson ES-175
797:
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790:
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781:
777:
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766:
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749:hollow-bodied
742:
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734:
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721:
719:
718:Quilted maple
715:
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650:hybrid guitar
647:
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582:
577:
576:Bob Benedetto
573:
568:
566:
562:
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555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
538:Gibson ES-335
531:
528:
523:
519:
517:
513:
512:Eddie Cochran
509:
505:
504:rock and roll
501:
500:country music
497:
493:
488:
486:
482:
481:Barney Kessel
478:
473:
469:
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456:
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450:
446:
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438:
434:
430:
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421:Gibson ES-150
417:
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328:
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323:parlor guitar
320:
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307:
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296:
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286:
282:
279:Rear mounted
278:
275:
272:
270:
266:
264:A hollow body
263:
260:
257:
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246:
242:
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237:semi-acoustic
234:
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113:
110:November 2008
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
1725:experimental
1411:
1398:steel-string
1239:
1232:Bibliography
1218:. Retrieved
1214:the original
1204:
1192:. Retrieved
1188:
1179:
1167:. Retrieved
1163:
1154:
1145:
1139:
1127:. Retrieved
1117:
1105:. Retrieved
1101:
1092:
1081:. Retrieved
1077:the original
1067:
1055:. Retrieved
1033:
1029:
1006:
998:the original
993:
983:
971:. Retrieved
967:
958:
931:
920:
909:
902:
884:
875:bass guitars
867:bass guitars
844:bass guitars
841:
838:Bass guitars
798:such as the
773:
769:Melody Maker
753:solid-bodied
746:
730:
722:
694:Sitka spruce
682:
671:
666:Epiphone Dot
656:Construction
643:
624:
620:Epiphone Dot
610:marque. The
597:
569:
558:
535:
494:and various
489:
485:Johnny Smith
457:
449:Eddie Durham
436:
426:
355:
339:
312:
253:
231:is a hollow
228:
226:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1403:dreadnought
1129:23 February
1102:Guitars.com
1057:23 February
912:Mohan veena
855:violin bass
714:Curly maple
627:Gibson L-7C
572:Roger Borys
525:G6122-1962
496:Chet Atkins
472:Gibson L-7C
410:swing bands
258:Six strings
171:Inventor(s)
1787:Categories
1602:Bajo sexto
1586:Multi-neck
1220:2010-10-08
1083:2011-06-28
950:References
780:Gibson L-5
646:Ken Parker
581:Dale Unger
554:B. B. King
516:rockabilly
508:Duane Eddy
502:and early
477:Tal Farlow
342:Lloyd Loar
249:rockabilly
80:newspapers
1695:Amplifier
1637:Guitalele
1595:Ancillary
1462:Resonator
1447:Lap steel
1417:Classical
1365:Guitarist
1328:Harmonics
1148:(69): 40.
1012:US 598245
898:12-string
888:(tenor),
804:sound box
589:pickguard
441:amplifier
427:Gibson's
406:big bands
346:Gibson L5
340:In 1922,
281:tailpiece
251:players.
1772:Category
1652:Requinto
1627:Craviola
1607:Baritone
1500:Armónico
1467:Romantic
1457:Requinto
1437:Fretless
1432:Flat top
1427:Flamenco
1422:Electric
1388:Acoustic
1194:18 April
1169:18 April
1107:18 April
973:18 April
937:See also
894:9-string
890:7-string
886:4-string
857:used by
674:pegheads
639:Epiphone
616:Epiphone
394:Hagström
378:Epiphone
319:mandolin
233:acoustic
220:Epiphone
206:Builders
1798:Guitars
1720:Luthier
1544:English
1534:Baroque
1505:Russian
1412:Archtop
1360:Tunings
1343:Picking
1316:Playing
1309:Guitars
863:Warwick
848:pickups
816:F-holes
686:f-holes
608:Artcore
527:Gretsch
460:cutaway
402:country
374:Gretsch
351:jazzbox
331:Harmony
301:History
274:F-holes
216:Gretsch
94:scholar
18:Archtop
1667:Timple
1632:Cuatro
1517:Brahms
1477:Hybrid
1452:Parlor
1355:Rhythm
1323:Chords
1022:
1014:,
896:, and
871:Framus
852:Höfner
782:. The
700:, and
612:Samick
604:Ibanez
546:ES-345
466:or an
429:ES-150
386:Höfner
382:Framus
327:Stella
269:bridge
247:, and
212:Gibson
166:String
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1662:Tenor
1647:Rajão
1549:Yepes
1348:strum
916:veena
635:Godin
390:Hoyer
335:blues
287:, or
245:blues
101:JSTOR
87:books
1672:Tres
1642:Lyre
1612:Bass
1581:Harp
1370:list
1338:Lead
1333:Jazz
1196:2021
1171:2021
1131:2012
1109:2021
1059:2012
975:2021
910:The
826:and
767:and
664:The
583:and
574:and
510:and
483:and
445:jazz
419:The
408:and
400:and
398:jazz
392:and
376:and
329:and
241:jazz
144:The
73:news
716:or
437:150
353:."
235:or
227:An
56:by
1789::
1576:25
1571:14
1566:13
1561:12
1556:11
1529:10
1187:.
1162:.
1100:.
1042:^
992:.
966:.
929:.
918:.
907:.
892:,
877:.
869:.
861:.
771:.
696:,
680:.
652:.
633:,
629:,
622:.
567:.
518:.
487:.
479:,
433:ES
412:.
388:,
384:,
368:,
364:,
283:,
243:,
218:,
214:,
1524:9
1512:8
1495:7
1301:e
1294:t
1287:v
1259:.
1223:.
1198:.
1173:.
1133:.
1111:.
1086:.
1061:.
977:.
791:.
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
