563:
358:. It is a territory of 51.9 km (20.0 sq mi) with a length of 17.4 km (10.8 mi) and a width which ranges from 290 m (951 ft) at Cala di Sgombro to 6.4 km (4.0 mi) of the northern part, as well as 110 km (68 mi) of coast length. The highest point, at 408 m (1,339 ft), is Punta della Scomunica. The territory is entirely state property. The island is formed by four mountainous sections linked by a narrow, flat coastal belt. The windswept west coast is steep and rocky with a very deep sea bottom. The west coast turns down towards the bay of Asinara.
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protection on 13 August 2002. Both the park and the marine area are enclosed in the protected area "international cetacean sanctuary"(Act. 391/01). Asinara is furthermore a Site of
Community importance.(on 3 April 2000). There are strict regulations on the island put in place to guarantee the conservation of the marine and land habitats. Institutional decrees (M.D. 28.11.97, M.D. 13.8.02, Presidential Decree 3.10.02), with numerous clauses, include no permission to use own vehicles, prohibition of sport fishing, anchorage and navigation with the exception of authorized means.
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373:. The island has an indented coast, as seen from Cape Falcone. The west side of the island is more rocky and steep, while the east has wide, flat areas with a maximum height of 50 m (164 ft). There are only three sandy beaches, all on the eastern coast. As of 2008, 107.32 km (41 sq mi) of the surrounding marine and underwater environment is a protected natural area. From a geological point of view, the Asinara is part of the
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A Presidential Decree, on 3 October 2002, officially set both the Park and the Park body, which is a management body envisioned for national parks by a framework on protected areas. The park body will also manage the
Protected Marine Area set by decree of the Minister of the environment and land
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There are many old facilities on the island, including the prison facilities, but also small cities built for and by the inhabitants of the quarantine camp, and for the staff that serviced the camp and the prison. All of these have been turned over to the national park, and in tandem the marine
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Since 1999, tourists have been able to visit
Asinara Island, but only through organized and guided tours. Swimming is permitted only on three beaches and docking of private boats is forbidden.
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The marine setting is rocky in the eastern side, with steep slopes and ravines, but mainly sandy in the western area. The shallowest part of the coast is colonized by two rare species, the
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There are many species of native and introduced mammals on the island, including horses, asses, goats, sheep, and pigs. The island's vegetation is a mix of plants native to
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381:. The rock characterizes the island landscape, together with the woody vegetation. Among the metamorphic rocks, great interest has attached to rare black
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and few trees, with the exception of a wooded area in the northern part of the island. In the other parts of the island only small trees survive, mostly
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is an
Italian island of 52 km (20 sq mi) in area. The name is Italian for "donkey-inhabited", but it is thought to derive from the
785:. The integrity of the ecosystem is due to the history of its settlement, or rather the lack of it, that is a characteristic of the island.
592:
around the island and 110 km (41 sq mi) of its coastal waters. There are two no access, no fishing zones on
Asinara Island.
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322:. The island is virtually uninhabited. The census of population of 2001 lists one man. The island is located off the north-western tip of
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In the 1970s the prison facilities were refurbished as a maximum security prison. In past years it was assigned mainly to detention of
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1069:"Zoning Marine protected Areas through Spatial Multiple-Criteria Analysis:The Case of Asinara National Marine Reserve of Italy"
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551:. Prisoners and warders were the only inhabitants of Asinara for about 110 years, until the prison closed in December 1997.
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578:, and is now a nature reserve. Its natural beauty, unspoiled by the sparse human settlement, made it an ideal candidate.
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onto the island at the beginning of the 1800s, and probably abandoned when the inhabitants were moved to
Stintino.
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716:, are exclusive to northern Sardinia, while others are characteristic of the Sardinian – Corsican region. The
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fishermen who lived on
Asinara were obliged to move to Sardinia, where they founded the village of
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soldiers, 5,000 of whom died during their imprisonment. It was used as a place of detention for
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920:"Tavola: Popolazione residente per sesso – Sassari (dettaglio loc. abitate) – Censimento 2001"
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In 2002, the waters offshore of the national park were zoned and designated as Italy's newest
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monastery of Sant'Andrea and the
Castellaccio on Punta Maestra, Fornelli, may date to the
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Table: resident population by sex – Sassari (detailed by inhabited places) – Census 2001
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protected area, who sorted out what will be kept and with what restoration is needed.
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540:. The majority of the Ethiopians kept there were members of the Ethiopian nobility.
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Because of its central position in the
Mediterranean, Asinara was known and used by
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857:. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. 6 January 2006
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As an extension of the larger island, Asinara is the second largest island after
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1110:. Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. 21 October 2004. Archived from
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members and terrorists, and it has housed the likes of the mafia boss
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Human habitation on the island dates back to the
Neolithic Age, with
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Construction on the island has been forbidden for the last century.
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Ferdinado Villa; Leanardo Tunesi; Tundy Agardy (2 November 2002).
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of north-western Sardinia, more than 80 percent made up by of
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14° Censimento generale della popolazione e delle abitazioni
988:(in Italian). Ente Foreste Sardegna. 2011. Archived from
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colonized the island. In 1721, it became property of the
926:(in Italian). Istat – Istituto nazionale di statistica.
955:. Regione Autonoma della Sardegna. 2011. Archived from
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Cala d'Oliva, first village at the time of the prison.
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The island was also an object of pirate raids by the
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Ethiopian POWs during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War
467:. Later, ownership of Asinara was contested between
388:, 950 million years old, the oldest rocks in Italy.
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760:. Asinara is the only place in Sardinia where the
509:was established at Cala d'Oliva, by order of King
354:Asinara is located at the north-western tip of
513:. About 100 families of Sardinian farmers and
429:, the constructions are unique to the island.
326:, and is mountainous in geography with steep,
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425:' houses) near Campu Perdu. Carved into soft
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501:In 1885 the island became state property; a
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570:for which the island was most likely named.
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694:consists of 678 species, 29 of which are
365:. The surface is hilly, covered by thick
346:from which the island may take its name.
334:, the island was recently converted to a
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405:Asinara Island, view from Stintino beach
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644:The vegetation of Asinara is a typical
1076:University Research Paper (PDF Format)
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1224:Islands of Italy in the Mediterranean
574:In 1997 Asinara was established as a
342:. It is home to a population of wild
33:A map showing the location of Asinara
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558:Modern history and the national park
186:0.29–6.4 km (0.18–3.98 mi)
1042:Memories of World War I 1914 – 1918
170:51.9 km (20.0 sq mi)
720:numbers around 80 wild species of
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1085:from the original on 4 March 2009
1048:from the original on 16 July 2011
930:from the original on 14 June 2011
65:Location of Asinara near Sardinia
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98:Location of Asinara within Italy
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599:, plants common throughout the
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986:"Parco nazionale dell'Asinara"
855:World Heritage Site Submission
332:national parks system of Italy
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1144:, mostly the albino donkeys.
178:17.4 km (10.81 mi)
528:, the island was used as a
122:, Stintino Capo Falcone in
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1440:Internment camps in Italy
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1078:. University of Vermont.
479:. From the 17th century,
413:the village of Cala Reale
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202:408 m (1339 ft)
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1445:Defunct prisons in Italy
1038:"Italian Captivity 1916"
1002:National Park of Asinara
795:List of islands of Italy
773:Lithophyllum lichenoides
318:"sinuaria", and meaning
194:100 km (60 mi)
1137:"Asinara National Park"
953:"Asinara National Park"
722:terrestrial vertebrates
1142:A Collection of Images
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297:Additional information
199:Highest elevation
1284:Maddalena archipelago
800:Asinara National Park
630:
623:Details of protection
586:marine protected area
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475:, and the kingdom of
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350:Geography and geology
714:Limonium acutifolium
302:Northwestern tip of
68:Show map of Sardinia
1435:Islands of Sardinia
851:"Island of Asinara"
776:and the endangered
496:Kingdom of Sardinia
367:Mediterranean scrub
247:Province of Sassari
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1384:Tuscan Archipelago
1314:Phlegraean Islands
1108:"Isola di Asinara"
782:Patella ferruginea
684:Phoenician juniper
672:Calicotome spinosa
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511:Umberto I of Italy
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266:Largest settlement
207:Highest point
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1344:San Pietro d'Orio
992:on 3 October 2011
758:Barbary partridge
754:peregrine falcons
744:include the rare
698:. Some, such as
605:introduced plants
473:Republic of Genoa
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120:Mediterranean Sea
101:Show map of Italy
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896:. Archived from
894:"Asinara Island"
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1334:Sant'Antioco
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1116:. Retrieved
1112:the original
1087:. Retrieved
1075:
1062:
1050:. Retrieved
1041:
1031:
1019:. Retrieved
1017:(in Italian)
1009:
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994:. Retrieved
990:the original
961:. Retrieved
957:the original
947:
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932:. Retrieved
923:
914:
902:. Retrieved
898:the original
859:. Retrieved
854:
780:
778:giant limpet
771:
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764:is present.
736:, which was
724:, including
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680:angustifolia
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631:Cala Sabina.
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507:penal colony
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386:amphibolites
363:Sant'Antioco
360:
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328:rocky coasts
320:sinus-shaped
311:
310:
276:Demographics
270:Cala d'Oliva
260:Porto Torres
221:
18:
1329:Sant'Andrea
1299:Pantelleria
1264:Ferdinandea
1118:23 February
861:23 February
530:prison camp
524:During the
450:Middle Ages
446:Camaldolite
434:Phoenicians
154: /
130:Coordinates
1429:Categories
1339:San Pietro
1324:Porto Buso
806:References
750:cormorants
738:introduced
663:tree heath
609:bioregions
549:Totò Riina
281:Population
1269:Gallinara
1164:Geography
730:wild boar
701:Centaurea
678:Phillyrea
658:Euphorbia
590:coastline
503:lazaretto
481:shepherds
427:limestone
383:Hercynean
191:Coastline
111:Geography
1364:Tavolara
1349:Sardinia
1304:Palmaria
1254:Bergeggi
1080:Archived
1052:17 April
1046:Archived
928:Archived
789:See also
769:red alga
756:and the
708:Limonium
597:Sardinia
519:Stintino
485:Sardinia
465:Saracens
371:junipers
356:Sardinia
336:wildlife
324:Sardinia
304:Sardinia
292:Italians
284:1 (2001)
242:Province
235:Sardinia
124:Sardinia
116:Location
1369:Tinetto
1249:Barbana
1244:Asinara
1176:Islands
1150:Portals
1089:2 March
726:mouflon
703:horrida
696:endemic
653:lentisk
651:, with
649:macchia
640:Ecology
515:Genoese
489:Liguria
423:sprites
392:History
312:Asinara
254:Commune
139:41°04′N
92:Asinara
59:Asinara
22:Asinara
1389:Ustica
1359:Sicily
1294:Molara
1274:Gaiola
1021:1 June
996:1 June
963:1 June
934:1 June
904:1 June
762:magpie
710:laetum
690:. The
688:cistus
477:Aragon
471:, the
444:. The
442:Romans
440:, and
438:Greeks
230:Region
175:Length
142:8°16′E
1354:Scola
1279:Grado
1188:Italy
1083:(PDF)
1072:(PDF)
742:Birds
718:fauna
692:flora
603:, or
545:mafia
493:Savoy
483:from
375:Nurra
316:Latin
222:Italy
183:Width
1374:Tino
1120:2009
1091:2009
1054:2017
1023:2011
998:2011
965:2011
936:2011
906:2011
863:2009
712:and
686:and
566:The
487:and
469:Pisa
338:and
167:Area
669:),
1431::
1099:^
1074:.
1044:.
1040:.
1000:.
973:^
938:.
922:.
871:^
853:.
814:^
752:,
748:,
728:,
705:,
682:,
675:,
661:,
655:,
615:.
521:.
498:.
452:.
436:,
256:of
1217:e
1210:t
1203:v
1152::
1122:.
1093:.
1056:.
1025:.
967:.
908:.
865:.
665:(
421:(
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