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112:. In this true mutualistic inter-relationship, both organisms gain benefits in their respective sexual reproduction - i.e. orchid flowers are pollinated and the
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b) Nishida, R., Howcroft, N.H., Tan, K.H., Su, Z.H. and Ono, H. (2022) Floral synomone components of fruit fly-attracting orchids,
300:(Orchidaceae): Assortments of phenylbutanoids to attract tephritid fruit fly species. Applied Entomology and Zoology 55 (1), 55-64.
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b) Nishida, R., K.H. Tan, S.L. Wee, A.K.W. Hee and Toong, Y. C. (2004) Phenylpropanoids in the fragrance of the fruit fly orchid,
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a) Katte, T., Tan, K.H., Su, Z.H., Ono, H. and
Nishida, R. (2020) Floral fragrances in two closely related fruit fly orchids,
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sibling species (Orchidaceae) in attracting fruit fly pollinators. Biochemical
Systematics and Ecology, 81: 86-95.
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that is beneficial to both interacting organisms, the emitter and receiver, e.g. floral synomone of certain
236:(2020) Donβt forget the flies: dipteran diversity and its consequences for floral ecology and evolution.
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precursor or booster; and the floral synomones, also act as rewards to pollinators, are in the form of
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b) Nakahira, M., H. Ono, S.L. Wee, K.H. Tan, and R. Nishida (2018) Floral synomone diversification of
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s floral synomone lures fruit flies to perform pollination. Journal of
Chemical Ecology 28:1161-1172.
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c) Tan, K.H., L.T. Tan, and R. Nishida (2006) Floral phenylpropanoid cocktail and architecture of
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orchid in attracting fruit flies for pollination. Journal of
Chemical Ecology 32: 2429-2441.
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is any chemical that attracts an organism, e.g. i) synthetic lures; ii) aggregation and sex
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a) Tan, K.H. and R. Nishida (2000) Mutual reproductive benefits between a wild orchid,
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fruit flies during pollination. Biochemical
Systematics and Ecology 35: 334-341.
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fruit flies via a floral synomone. Journal of
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b) Tan, K.H. and R. Nishida (2007) Zingerone in the floral synomone of
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a) Tan, K.H. and R. Nishida (2005) Synomone or
Kairomone? -
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fruit flies. Journal of
Chemical Ecology. 31(3): 509-519.
196:(Orchidaceae) flower releases raspberry ketone to attract
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anisyl acetone/a combination of the three phenylbutanoids
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74:(intraspecific interactions); and iii)
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36:to comply with Knowledge (XXG)'s
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78:(interspecific interactions)
100:) attracts fruit fly males (
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49:may contain suggestions.
34:may need to be rewritten
279:(Orchidaceae) attracts
294:Bulbophyllum hortorum
181:Bulbophyllum vinaceum
304:Bulbophyllum sinapis
277:Bulbophyllum baileyi
194:Bulbophyllum apertum
267:Bulbophyllum patens
171:Bulbophyllum cheiri
162:Bulbophyllum cheiri
175:Bactrocera papayae
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43:You can help
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110:pollinators
102:Tephritidae
98:Orchidaceae
323:Categories
281:Bactrocera
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232:R. Raguso
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149:References
72:pheromones
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