581:
478:
internal frame composed of strips of either aluminum, titanium or plastic, sometimes with additional metal stays to reinforce the frame. A complex series of straps works with the frame to distribute the weight and hold it in place. The internal frame permits the pack to fit closely to the wearer's back and minimizes shifting of the load, which is desirable when participating in activities that involve upper-body movement such as scrambling over rocky surfaces and skiing. However, the tight fit reduces ventilation, so these type of packs tend to be more sweaty than external frame packs. The internal construction also allows for a large storage compartment; a few lash points (including webbing loops and straps for sleeping bags and other large items) may be present, but as the frame is completely integrated, it is difficult to securely lash larger and heavier items which do not fit inside the compartment to the outside of the pack. Internal frame packs originally suffered from smaller load capacity and less comfortable fit during steady walking, but newer models have improved greatly in these respects. In addition, because of their snug fit, the improved internal frame models have largely replaced external frame backpacks for many activities.
531:
431:, a U.S. Army officer during the late 19th century. Introduced in 1887, Merriam's innovative pack was made with drab duck canvas, which was attached to a light steel frame. In addition to two shoulder straps, the pack featured several leather straps that allowed the infantryman to attach his bedroll and canteen to the frame, instead of having them rest on his chest and hips. The most important feature, however, were the two hardwood rods that extended from the sides of the pack to leather pockets on a half-belt, which rested across the lower back and hips. This system allowed the pack to elevate off the back and shoulders, and thus transfer the weight of the load onto the hips. Though he tried in vain to sell his invention to the U.S. Army, he was only able to sell a few thousand packs to the New York National Guard, and the French and Austrian Armies.
461:, which is not flexible like current backpack straps are, and can be shaped like human spine curvature. In this type of backpack, the load would directly transfer to the shoulders through the non-flexible straps, helpful in preventing damage of long term backpack carrying. This non-flexible structure also diminishes the momentum at the lumbar region of the back. The strap curvature would be shaped closely to normal spine curvature, with two flexible drawstrings to minimize backpack movement along the transverse plane. The straps of this backpack would be wide enough to distribute the pressure on the shoulders, with an internal white glass wool layer to absorb dynamic forces from movement. This backpack type is experimental, needing further development before usage.
451:
frame packs are generally considered to be a "cooler load" than internal frame designs. External frame packs have a fabric "sack" portion which is usually smaller than that of internal frame packs, but have exposed frame portions above and below the sack to accommodate attachment of larger items. In addition, the sack can often be removed entirely, permitting the user to customize the configuration of their load, or to transport a non-conventional load such as a quartered game animal. Military packs are often external frame designs due to their ability to carry loads of different shapes, sizes and weights.
319:
663:
288:
327:
265:
395:
under 6 L (1.3 imp gal; 1.6 US gal). Compression straps across the top of one's body are common as are hip belts. Cycling hydration packs are 6–10 L (1.3–2.2 imp gal; 1.6–2.6 US gal) sitting high on the back. Although daypacks are small averaging 10–30 L (2.2–6.6 imp gal; 2.6–7.9 US gal), all
Trekking and Hiking hydration packs are generally the largest and heaviest. 35–65 L (7.7–14.3 imp gal; 9.2–17.2 US gal) and above are common.
244:
711:
493:
48:
311:
699:
687:
675:
516:
559:; backpacks designed to hold laptop computers in particular generally have a padded compartment to hold the computer and medium-sized pockets and flaps to accommodate accessories such as charger cables and mice. These are especially common in college and university settings. In order to supply these devices with electricity, a few high-end backpacks are equipped with solar panels.
335:
Most of the weight is therefore taken off the shoulders, reducing the chance of injury from shoulder strap pressure (many backpacks equipped solely with shoulder straps can affect the posture of a person carrying more than 14 kg (30 lbs)), as well as being less restrictive of the upper body range of motion. Most backpacks are capable of being closed with either a
296:
1164:
36:
580:
394:
Sports and hydration backpacks are smaller with a profile closer to the body, wider straps and can come with water bladders and hip belts for running, cycling or hiking. Running hydration packs are the smallest and lightest, many under 2 L (0.44 imp gal; 0.53 US gal) and most
334:
Backpacks in general fall into one of four categories: frameless, external frame, internal frame, and bodypack. A pack frame, when present, serves to support the pack and distribute the weight of its contents across the body more appropriately, by transferring much of the weight to the hips and legs.
562:
Rolling backpacks are backpacks with wheels on the bottom and an extending handle. Because of their design, rolling backpacks reduce the strain on the user, though the shoulder straps may be used to carry the pack for short distances when the terrain is not suitable for wheels. Rolling backpacks are
450:
and is equipped with a system of straps and tautly-stretched netting which prevents contact between the metal frame and user's back. In addition to comfort, this "stand-off" provides the additional benefit of creating air circulation between the frame and the wearer's back. For this reason, external
650:
Specialist backpacks are used by fire services for wildfire fighting, as well as by rescue services for Search and Rescue. These backpacks are generally very modular, allowing the pack to be reconfigured to the users wishes and are designed to load around the wearers hips. They may include features
350:
A bodypack is a backpack fitted with one or more pockets that are suspended on the wearer's chest and loaded in such a way that the load in the front and the load in the back are close to equal. The majority of the load in a bodypack is carried by the hips. The ideal load carrying system should not
631:
Many police tactical units, as well as players of military-style combat games such as paintball and airsoft, use these military-style tactical backpacks and webbing for storing gear and ammunition. There is also a small but thriving industry devoted to creating historical reproductions of military
538:
Typical school backpacks generally lack the rigid frame of an outdoor-style backpack and include only a few pockets in the front in addition to the main storage compartment. While traditionally very simple in design, school backpacks are often made with padded shoulder straps and backs as well as
105:
Large backpacks, used to carry loads over 10 kilograms (22 lb), as well as smaller sports backpacks (e.g. running, cycling, hiking, and hydration), usually offload the largest part (up to about 90%) of their weight onto padded hip belts, leaving the shoulder straps mainly for stabilizing the
627:
to a metal or plastic carrying frame. For units that are entering combat situations, packs may be loaded heavily and can weigh in excess of 100 lb (45 kg). Each soldier may carry extra weapons, ammunition, rations, medical supplies, tents or other shelter material, and extra clothing.
434:
Backpack design took another major leap forward with the introduction of the first aluminum external-frame backpack by Jack Abert, an avid hiker from
Phoenix, Arizona. As a Boy Scout camp counselor, Abert saw first-hand how inadequate the backpacks scouts were using at that time, and set out to
477:
and
Lowepro, companies specializing in backpacks and other forms of carrying bags for various equipment. Lowe's innovation also featured the first side compression straps, the first modern sternum strap, and the first load stabilizers. Internal-frame packs have a large fabric section around an
569:
are also available. These light daypacks are specifically designed to hold water in a special water bladder (also known as reservoir), and their purpose is to allow the carrier constant fluid hydration handsfree, so that the carrier can focus on their task without having to stop to get a
527:, and are a primary means of transporting educational materials to and from school. In this context they are sometimes known as bookbags or schoolbags. The purchase of a suitably fashionable, attractive, and useful backpack is a crucial back-to-school ritual for many students.
435:
design a more comfortable pack. In 1947, he designed a contoured aluminum frame that was both strong and light, and shifted much of the weight off the shoulders and onto the hips. By 1950, his invention had received official approval from the
National Council of the
403:
External frame packs were designed to carry heavy loads above 20 kg (44 lb), giving the wearer more support and protection and better weight distribution than a simple, frameless strapped bag. Wooden pack frames were used for centuries around the world.
646:
Recently, at least one brand of backpack has been specially designed for professional cooks and culinary students. This sort of backpack is meant to safely carry knives, cooking tools, and other miscellaneous equipment such as notebooks, towels, and uniforms.
542:
Backpacks are sometimes worn as fashion accessories, in which they perform the same function as a purse. Some such backpacks designed specifically for women are no larger than a typical purse, and are generally associated with younger women.
368:
straps, while more sophisticated models add extra pockets, waist straps, chest straps, padded shoulder straps, padded backs, and sometimes reflective materials for added safety at night. These packs are generally produced inexpensively.
359:
The simplest backpack design is a bag attached to a set of shoulder straps. Such packs are used for general transportation of goods, and have variable capacity. The simplest designs consist of one main pocket. This may be combined with
87:—is, in its simplest frameless form, a fabric sack carried on one's back and secured with two straps that go over the shoulders; but it can have an external or internal frame, and there are bodypacks.
106:
load. This improves the potential to carry heavy loads, as the hips are stronger than the shoulders, and also increases agility and balance, since the load rides nearer the wearer's own center of
351:
disturb the wearer's natural posture, balance and maneuverability. The load must be dispersed onto the skeletal structure in an even manner, and should not produce unbalanced forces on the body.
615:
rucksack attachment, both of which are widely available to civilian markets both as actual military surplus (new or used) and as replicas. Such packs are often, though not always (e.g. the
530:
608:
539:
additional reinforcement to hold large numbers of heavy textbooks, as well as safety features such as reflective panels to make the wearer of the pack more visible at night.
233:
Before its various terminologies began appearing in print, evidence of early backpacks was scarce. A contender for the earliest was found within the mummified remains of
500:
A daypack is a smaller, frameless backpack that can hold enough contents for a day hike, or a day's worth of other activities. They are not large enough for average
230:, context is generally sufficient for identification. They are also used in recreational activities, and are used to carry sports equipment and other materials.
264:
102:
for carrying heavy loads or carrying any sort of equipment, because of the limited capacity to carry heavy weights for long periods of time in the hands.
2005:
854:
222:
Backpacks can often simply be referred to as "packs", especially in outdoors contexts; though sometimes ambiguous compared to other bags such as
662:
991:
1112:
203:
meaning "oat sack" (which more properly describes a small cloth bag on a strap worn over one shoulder and originally referred to the bag of
1658:
243:
1035:
1718:
1143:
551:
Some backpacks are specifically designed to carry certain items. Common examples include backpacks for small valuable items such as
612:
643:
packs used by the United States armed forces, are covered with webbing loop attachment points for increased carrying capacity.
620:
318:
1998:
1196:
880:
2270:
651:
such as sections for water bladders and specially designed pouches, such as those used to carry personal fire shelters.
192:
was the usual name for a rucksack or backpack up until the middle of the 20th century. This is commonly used in Canada.
2033:
710:
698:
686:
674:
2265:
616:
326:
287:
2285:
2275:
1991:
442:
Today's external frames are typically made from aluminum, other lightweight metal alloy, and recently reinforced
27:
20:
1051:
501:
2138:
632:
gear; such companies generally produce period-appropriate uniforms and other gear in addition to backpacks.
2148:
509:
373:
1912:
1723:
1531:
1318:
436:
858:
2053:
2048:
2038:
1602:
1408:
1308:
1303:
1102:
999:
492:
2028:
1856:
1768:
1683:
1612:
1313:
1283:
1189:
566:
455:
443:
428:
405:
908:
Mallakzadeh, Mohammadreza; Javidi, Mehrdad; Azimi, Sirwan; Monshizadeh, Haniyeh (31 May 2016).
47:
2153:
1643:
1298:
1139:
1031:
929:
412:
Alpine Italy, though some archaeologists believe the frame found with the body was part of a
2290:
2280:
2163:
2158:
2068:
2014:
1084:
Horovitz, Bruce (20 August 2007). "New 'badge' of cool: High-tech, high-fashion backpacks".
921:
604:
310:
216:
2214:
2199:
2078:
2058:
1607:
1561:
1388:
439:, and by 1967, he had become the largest manufacturer of backpacking frames in the world.
512:. Padded or unpadded waist straps may be provided to distribute weight across the body.
2229:
2204:
2103:
2083:
1897:
1743:
1628:
1486:
1343:
829:
783:
753:
733:
421:
389:
377:
603:, in most countries, and military-style packs are regularly available to civilians in
145:
mainly used in the UK, US and in other
Western military forces. In Middle High German
2260:
2254:
1846:
1841:
1753:
1577:
1526:
1506:
1418:
1383:
1248:
1182:
758:
624:
215:(a large load-carrying rucksack, from a design issued by the British Army during the
1028:
Ramble On: How Hiking Became One of the Most
Popular Outdoor Activities in the World
909:
599:
Backpacks are a standard part of the load-bearing equipment of soldiers, especially
2234:
2194:
2133:
1962:
1957:
1738:
1733:
1668:
1597:
1546:
1413:
1338:
1328:
1168:
571:
515:
505:
40:
1947:
153:. In modern German the word "der Rucksack" is commonly used. The name rucksack is
2219:
2113:
2098:
2043:
1811:
1801:
1748:
1713:
1663:
1556:
1521:
1496:
1471:
1423:
1377:
1323:
1288:
1263:
804:
763:
728:
474:
343:, or a dry-bag type closure, though a few models use a drawstring fitted with a
1174:
973:
910:"Analyzing the potential benefits of using a backpack with non-flexible straps"
2189:
2184:
2073:
1967:
1932:
1922:
1796:
1791:
1703:
1693:
1653:
1633:
1587:
1551:
1491:
1481:
1476:
1438:
1398:
1373:
1353:
1333:
1253:
1238:
748:
743:
487:
409:
249:
227:
2123:
1972:
1927:
1902:
1851:
1836:
1826:
1758:
1698:
1688:
1592:
1536:
1433:
1293:
1278:
1268:
1233:
1209:
1086:
470:
344:
223:
196:
933:
300:
295:
1163:
2239:
2209:
2179:
2108:
2088:
1937:
1892:
1887:
1861:
1831:
1806:
1763:
1708:
1678:
1648:
1582:
1541:
1511:
1453:
1428:
1403:
1393:
1348:
1258:
1243:
773:
600:
417:
413:
142:
469:
The internal frame backpack is a recent innovation, invented in 1967 by
2224:
2063:
1952:
1942:
1917:
1907:
1871:
1816:
1778:
1638:
1516:
1501:
1463:
1448:
1443:
1273:
925:
778:
768:
587:
524:
458:
447:
361:
234:
154:
131:
99:
95:
947:
424:
applications; metal versions first appeared in the late-19th century.
35:
2143:
2128:
2118:
2093:
1866:
1821:
1786:
1728:
1228:
1223:
738:
556:
552:
340:
336:
91:
1055:
1983:
314:
Two examples of external frame backpack designs dating to the 1860s
1673:
636:
529:
514:
491:
427:
The first external frame rucksack to receive a patent was made by
317:
309:
294:
286:
46:
34:
640:
365:
204:
107:
1987:
1178:
1205:
1107:
454:
A recently proposed type of external frame would be made from
855:"National Army Museum: Bergen rucksack, War Department issue"
623:
pack), external-frame packs, with the pack itself lashed or
635:
Some more recent military/tactical designs, especially the
372:
Some outdoor packs, particularly those sold for day hikes,
149:
means "back" (dorsum), which led to the Upper German word
51:
A 12 L front-loading Canon 200EG photography backpack
563:
most commonly used while traveling by airplane or train.
523:
In many countries, backpacks are heavily identified with
881:"The Backpack: Everything You Could Ever Need To Know"
607:
stores. Well-known examples include the United States
586:
A rolling backpack, a hybrid between a backpack and a
948:"The Iceman at the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology"
2172:
2021:
1880:
1777:
1621:
1570:
1462:
1362:
1216:
508:and backpacking tents, but may be large enough for
299:A back frame with shelf used to carry loads in the
1021:
1019:
1017:
211:(a German rucksack with a rigid framework), and
1079:
1077:
1075:
1073:
26:"Knapsack" redirects here. For other uses, see
122:was coined in the United States in the 1910s.
1999:
1190:
1103:"Sun Inspired: How To Build A Solar Backpack"
8:
330:Backpack with non flexible composite straps
2006:
1992:
1984:
1197:
1183:
1175:
954:. South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology. 2016
130:were used prior, and now occur mainly as
325:
796:
658:
576:
239:
903:
901:
7:
1659:Flexible intermediate bulk container
974:"The Three-Stick Roycroft Packframe"
270:Integrated bearer (internal) frame (
39:A 30 L top and bottom-loading
1115:from the original on 23 April 2009
14:
1719:Purdue Improved Crop Storage bags
380:are sometimes frameless as well.
1162:
1136:A Dictionary of Military Uniform
709:
697:
685:
673:
661:
579:
263:
242:
1487:Diplomatic bag / pouch
90:Backpacks are commonly used by
1101:Kalish, John (19 April 2009).
1:
271:
253:
98:, and are often preferred to
43:Trans Alpine hiking backpack
416:. Such packs are common in
2307:
1026:Doran, Jeffrey J. (2023).
485:
387:
347:for the main compartment.
207:carried as horse fodder),
195:Alternative names include
25:
18:
1054:. Lowepro. Archived from
704:Tropical rucksack (front)
303:, where it is known as a
28:Knapsack (disambiguation)
21:Backpack (disambiguation)
16:Bag carried on one's back
692:Tropical rucksack (side)
680:Tropical rucksack (back)
473:, who went on to found
2149:Ultralight backpacking
535:
520:
510:ultralight backpacking
502:wilderness backpacking
497:
374:ultralight backpacking
331:
323:
315:
307:
292:
52:
44:
1913:Electronic flight bag
1724:Reusable shopping bag
1319:Reusable shopping bag
952:ArchaeologieMuseum.it
611:and the British Army
533:
518:
495:
437:Boy Scouts of America
408:may have used one in
329:
322:Modern external frame
321:
313:
298:
290:
50:
38:
2054:Backpacking (hiking)
2049:Backpacking (travel)
2039:Adventure recreation
1409:Lightweight Rucksack
1309:Red box (government)
1304:Plastic shopping bag
1171:at Wikimedia Commons
504:that use full-sized
465:Internal frame packs
399:External frame packs
19:For other uses, see
2271:Domestic implements
2034:Adjectival tourisms
861:on 24 February 2016
567:Hydration backpacks
2029:Accessible tourism
1769:Zipper storage bag
1684:Packet (container)
1002:on 1 November 2013
926:10.3233/WOR-162293
536:
521:
498:
444:synthetic polymers
429:Henry Clay Merriam
332:
324:
316:
308:
293:
291:Frameless backpack
53:
45:
2266:Camping equipment
2248:
2247:
2154:Urban exploration
1981:
1980:
1644:Biodegradable bag
1299:Nuclear briefcase
1167:Media related to
996:mtn.tpl.lib.wa.us
978:primitiveways.com
716:Military backpack
668:MOLLE patrol pack
2298:
2286:1910s neologisms
2276:Hiking equipment
2164:Wildlife tourism
2159:Volunteer travel
2069:Cultural tourism
2015:Adventure travel
2008:
2001:
1994:
1985:
1199:
1192:
1185:
1176:
1166:
1150:
1149:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1098:
1092:
1091:
1081:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1023:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1007:
998:. Archived from
988:
982:
981:
970:
964:
963:
961:
959:
944:
938:
937:
905:
896:
895:
893:
891:
877:
871:
870:
868:
866:
857:. Archived from
851:
845:
844:
842:
840:
826:
820:
819:
817:
815:
801:
713:
701:
689:
677:
665:
609:ALICE field pack
605:military surplus
595:Professional use
588:rolling suitcase
583:
276:
273:
267:
258:
255:
246:
217:Second World War
199:from the German
157:with the Danish
2306:
2305:
2301:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2295:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2244:
2215:Nude recreation
2200:Mountain biking
2168:
2079:Extreme tourism
2059:Bicycle touring
2017:
2012:
1982:
1977:
1876:
1779:Purses/handbags
1773:
1617:
1608:Padded envelope
1566:
1458:
1358:
1212:
1203:
1159:
1154:
1153:
1146:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1118:
1116:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1083:
1082:
1071:
1061:
1059:
1058:on 30 June 2013
1050:
1049:
1045:
1038:
1025:
1024:
1015:
1005:
1003:
990:
989:
985:
972:
971:
967:
957:
955:
946:
945:
941:
907:
906:
899:
889:
887:
879:
878:
874:
864:
862:
853:
852:
848:
838:
836:
834:Merriam-Webster
828:
827:
823:
813:
811:
803:
802:
798:
793:
788:
724:
717:
714:
705:
702:
693:
690:
681:
678:
669:
666:
657:
597:
590:
584:
549:
547:Special-purpose
490:
484:
467:
406:Ötzi the Iceman
401:
392:
386:
357:
285:
278:
274:
268:
259:
256:
247:
116:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2304:
2302:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2253:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2230:River trekking
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2205:Mountaineering
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2176:
2174:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2104:Jungle tourism
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2084:Freighthopping
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2025:
2023:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2003:
1996:
1988:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1898:Cowboy bedroll
1895:
1890:
1884:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1783:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1744:Stand-up pouch
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1629:Antistatic bag
1625:
1623:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1468:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1366:
1364:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1220:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1194:
1187:
1179:
1173:
1172:
1158:
1157:External links
1155:
1152:
1151:
1144:
1138:. p. 99.
1126:
1093:
1069:
1043:
1037:979-8373963923
1036:
1013:
992:"Mountaineers"
983:
965:
939:
897:
872:
846:
821:
795:
794:
792:
789:
787:
786:
784:Shoulder strap
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
754:Hydration pack
751:
746:
741:
736:
734:Backpack palsy
731:
725:
723:
720:
719:
718:
715:
708:
706:
703:
696:
694:
691:
684:
682:
679:
672:
670:
667:
660:
656:
653:
596:
593:
592:
591:
585:
578:
548:
545:
534:Loose carrying
483:
480:
466:
463:
422:mountaineering
400:
397:
390:Hydration pack
388:Main article:
385:
382:
378:mountaineering
356:
353:
284:
281:
280:
279:
269:
262:
260:
248:
241:
177:, and Russian
115:
112:
59:—also called
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2303:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2171:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2009:
2004:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1842:Messenger bag
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1754:Tobacco pouch
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1620:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1578:Catcher pouch
1576:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1507:Gladstone bag
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1419:Messenger bag
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1384:Bandolier bag
1382:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1249:Dromedary bag
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1208:and flexible
1207:
1200:
1195:
1193:
1188:
1186:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1170:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1147:
1145:0-684-15130-8
1141:
1137:
1134:Carman, W.Y.
1130:
1127:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1104:
1097:
1094:
1090:. p. 1A.
1089:
1088:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1057:
1053:
1052:"Innovations"
1047:
1044:
1039:
1033:
1029:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1001:
997:
993:
987:
984:
979:
975:
969:
966:
953:
949:
943:
940:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
904:
902:
898:
886:
882:
876:
873:
860:
856:
850:
847:
835:
831:
825:
822:
810:
806:
800:
797:
790:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
759:Messenger bag
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
726:
721:
712:
707:
700:
695:
688:
683:
676:
671:
664:
659:
655:Image gallery
654:
652:
648:
644:
642:
638:
633:
629:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
594:
589:
582:
577:
575:
573:
568:
564:
560:
558:
554:
546:
544:
540:
532:
528:
526:
517:
513:
511:
507:
506:sleeping bags
503:
494:
489:
481:
479:
476:
472:
464:
462:
460:
457:
452:
449:
445:
440:
438:
432:
430:
425:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
398:
396:
391:
383:
381:
379:
375:
370:
367:
363:
354:
352:
348:
346:
342:
339:mechanism, a
338:
328:
320:
312:
306:
302:
297:
289:
282:
266:
261:
251:
245:
240:
238:
236:
231:
229:
225:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
193:
191:
186:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
135:
133:
129:
125:
121:
113:
111:
109:
103:
101:
97:
93:
88:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
49:
42:
37:
33:
29:
22:
2235:Scuba diving
2195:Hang gliding
2134:Slum tourism
1963:Sleeping bag
1958:Sickness bag
1739:Shopping bag
1734:Security bag
1669:Fuel bladder
1598:Mail satchel
1547:Toiletry bag
1527:Norfolk case
1414:Medicine bag
1389:Bivouac sack
1369:
1339:Survival bag
1329:Shopping bag
1135:
1129:
1117:. Retrieved
1106:
1096:
1085:
1060:. Retrieved
1056:the original
1046:
1027:
1004:. Retrieved
1000:the original
995:
986:
977:
968:
956:. Retrieved
951:
942:
920:(1): 11–20.
917:
913:
888:. Retrieved
885:MAHI Leather
884:
875:
863:. Retrieved
859:the original
849:
837:. Retrieved
833:
824:
812:. Retrieved
808:
799:
649:
645:
634:
630:
598:
572:water bottle
565:
561:
550:
541:
537:
522:
499:
468:
453:
441:
433:
426:
402:
393:
371:
358:
349:
333:
304:
232:
221:
212:
208:
200:
194:
189:
187:
182:
178:
174:
170:
169:, Afrikaans
166:
162:
161:, Norwegian
158:
150:
146:
141:is a German
138:
136:
132:regionalisms
127:
123:
119:
117:
104:
89:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
54:
32:
2220:Paragliding
2114:Overlanding
2099:Hitchhiking
2044:Agritourism
1812:Gucci Diana
1802:Evening bag
1749:Thermal bag
1714:Plastic bag
1664:Boil-in-bag
1613:Portmanteau
1557:Travel pack
1532:Portmanteau
1522:Nomadic bag
1497:Garment bag
1472:Bug-out bag
1424:Pack basket
1378:Duluth pack
1324:Shell purse
1289:Medical bag
1284:Laundry bag
1264:Grocery bag
830:"Haversack"
764:Pack basket
729:Hunting bag
475:Lowe Alpine
275: 1960
257: 1960
237:in 3300BC.
228:duffel bags
114:Terminology
2255:Categories
2240:Zip-lining
2190:Geohashing
2185:Geocaching
2173:Activities
2074:Ecotourism
1968:Stuff sack
1933:Gunny sack
1923:Flour sack
1847:Minaudière
1797:Coin purse
1792:Birkin bag
1704:Pastry bag
1694:Paper sack
1654:Coffee bag
1634:Bag-in-box
1622:Containers
1588:Mail pouch
1552:Train case
1492:Duffel bag
1482:Diaper bag
1477:Carpet bag
1439:Sabretache
1399:Fanny pack
1374:Canoe pack
1354:Tucker bag
1334:String bag
1254:Flight bag
1239:Bugout bag
1210:containers
1062:22 October
805:"Rucksack"
791:References
749:Fanny pack
744:Duffel bag
519:School bag
488:Schoolbags
486:See also:
410:Copper Age
250:Swiss army
224:saddlebags
173:, Swedish
2124:Rogaining
1973:Throw bag
1948:Schultüte
1928:Gamow bag
1903:Doggy bag
1852:Money bag
1837:Lady Dior
1827:Kelly bag
1759:Trash bag
1699:Parfleche
1689:Paper bag
1593:Mail sack
1537:Saddlebag
1434:Randoseru
1294:Money bag
1279:Haversack
1269:Hambiliya
1234:Briefcase
1087:USA Today
482:Daily use
471:Greg Lowe
456:composite
355:Frameless
345:cord lock
252:backpack
201:Hafersack
197:haversack
188:The word
137:The word
118:The word
81:haversack
2210:Naturism
2180:Climbing
2139:Tramping
2109:Kloofing
2089:Glamping
1938:Poop bag
1893:Burn bag
1888:Body bag
1872:Wristlet
1862:Tote bag
1857:Reticule
1832:Kinchaku
1807:Gaji bag
1764:Wineskin
1709:Pipe bag
1679:Milk bag
1649:Bota bag
1583:Mail bag
1542:Suitcase
1512:Hobo bag
1454:Takiding
1429:Pasiking
1404:Golf bag
1394:Book bag
1370:Backpack
1349:Tote bag
1314:Reticule
1259:Gaji bag
1244:Dillybag
1169:Backpack
1113:Archived
934:27061701
890:10 April
774:Pasiking
722:See also
601:infantry
525:students
418:military
414:snowshoe
190:knapsack
175:ryggsäck
165:, Dutch
163:ryggsekk
151:ruggsack
143:loanword
139:rucksack
128:packsack
124:Moneybag
120:backpack
100:handbags
96:students
85:backsack
73:booksack
65:rucksack
61:knapsack
57:backpack
2281:Luggage
2225:Rafting
2064:Camping
1953:Showbag
1943:Sandbag
1918:Feedbag
1908:Dry bag
1817:Handbag
1639:Bin bag
1603:Mochila
1517:Holdall
1502:Gig bag
1464:Luggage
1449:Sporran
1444:Satchel
1274:Handbag
1217:Carried
958:23 July
814:22 June
779:Satchel
769:Papoose
557:cameras
553:laptops
496:Daypack
459:plastic
448:plastic
366:cordage
362:webbing
283:Designs
183:rjukzak
155:cognate
147:ruck(e)
77:bookbag
2144:Travel
2129:Safari
2119:Picnic
2094:Hiking
1867:Wallet
1822:It bag
1787:Bayong
1729:Sachet
1571:Postal
1229:Bindle
1224:Bayong
1142:
1119:10 May
1034:
1006:4 July
932:
865:25 May
839:5 June
739:Bindle
625:pinned
384:Sports
341:zipper
337:buckle
301:Allgäu
213:bergen
179:рюкзак
171:rugsak
167:rugzak
159:rygsæk
92:hikers
41:Deuter
2022:Types
1881:Other
1674:Mashk
1562:Trunk
809:Duden
637:MOLLE
574:out.
209:Kraxe
2291:Ötzi
2261:Bags
1363:Worn
1344:Swag
1206:Bags
1140:ISBN
1121:2009
1064:2008
1032:ISBN
1008:2007
960:2019
930:PMID
914:Work
892:2018
867:2020
841:2017
816:2020
641:ILBE
639:and
621:ILBE
617:USMC
613:PLCE
555:and
420:and
376:and
305:Reff
235:Ötzi
226:and
205:oats
126:and
108:mass
94:and
69:pack
1108:NPR
922:doi
619:'s
446:or
364:or
219:).
185:).
83:or
2257::
1376:,
1111:.
1105:.
1072:^
1030:.
1016:^
994:.
976:.
950:.
928:.
918:54
916:.
912:.
900:^
883:.
832:.
807:.
272:c.
254:c.
134:.
110:.
79:,
75:,
71:,
67:,
63:,
55:A
2007:e
2000:t
1993:v
1380:)
1372:(
1198:e
1191:t
1184:v
1148:.
1123:.
1066:.
1040:.
1010:.
980:.
962:.
936:.
924::
894:.
869:.
843:.
818:.
277:)
181:(
30:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.