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281:. Infrequent heavy rains lead to heavy erosional dissection. Where sudden precipitation cannot penetrate impermeable clays, it is channeled into a very dense system of streamlets that erode a dense system of ever-enlarging, coalescing gulleys and ravines. Erosion is enhanced by pelting raindrops that dislodge soft sediments. The presence of
352:
shale). This layer can form either a compact crust or a looser, more irregular aggregation of "popcorn" fragments. Located beneath the top layer is a sublayer (~5–10 cm or 2.0–3.9 in), below which can be found a transitional shard layer (~10–40 cm or 3.9–15.7 in), formed largely
1545:
Saha, Asish; Pal, Subodh
Chandra; Arabameri, Alireza; Chowdhuri, Indrajit; Rezaie, Fatemeh; Chakrabortty, Rabin; Roy, Paramita; Shit, Manisa (June 2021). "Optimization modelling to establish false measures implemented with ex-situ plant species to control gully erosion in a monsoon-dominated region
319:
The precise processes by which the erosion responses take place vary depending on the precise interbedding of the sedimentary material. However, it has been estimated that the badlands of
Badlands National Park erode at the relatively high rate of about one inch or 25 millimetres per year. The
438:. Agricultural use ceased by 1931 and natural recovery of the majority of the property began. Once established, however, this type of erosion can continue rapidly, if land clearing, overgrazing, and increased foot traffic by humans persists, as the shale is highly susceptible to erosion.
204:. Drainage density is defined as the total length of drainage channels per unit area of land surface. Badlands have a very high drainage density of 48 to 464 kilometres per square kilometre (77 to 747 miles per square mile). The numerous deep drainage channels and high
1950:"Facing Old Age and Searching for Regeneration in a Dying American West: Gregory Martin's "Mountain City" / Afrontando la vejez y buscando la regeneraciĂłn en un Oeste norteamericano moribundo: "Mountain City", de Gregory Martin"
1589:
Gallart, Francesc; Marignani, Michela; PĂ©rez-Gallego, Nuria; Santi, Elisa; Maccherini, Simona (July 2013). "Thirty years of studies on badlands, from physical to vegetational approaches. A succinct review".
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layers. The regolith profiles of badlands in arid climates are likely to resemble one another. In these regions, the upper layer (~1–5 cm or 0.4–2.0 in) is typically composed of
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In addition to lacking significant regolith, they also lack much vegetation. The lack of vegetation could very well be a result of the lack of a substantial regolith.
1000:
93:
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is a badlands area known for its colorful rock formations. It was voted by
Chinese media outlets as one of the most beautiful landforms in China and became a
164:. They are often difficult to navigate by foot, and are unsuitable for agriculture. Most are a result of natural processes, but destruction of vegetation by
312:, and other connected void spaces in the subsurface through which water can drain. However, this is not a universal feature of badlands. For example, the
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In less arid regions, the regolith profile can vary considerably. Some badlands have no regolith layer whatsoever, capping instead in bare rock such as
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of loose disaggregated shale chips, which in turn eventually gives way to a layer of unweathered shale. Badlands such as those found in the
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Although most badland topography is natural, badlands have been produced artificially by destruction of vegetation cover, through
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in
Colorado and Utah are also badlands settings, along with several other areas in southern Utah, such as the Chinle Badlands in
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2004:
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Ertek, T. Ahmet (12 March 2021). "The
Geoheritage of Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia, Turkey".
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Badlands are generally unsuitable for agriculture, but attempts have been made to remediate badlands. For example,
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are believed to be buried in the immediate area and exploration has been ongoing since the early 20th century.
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draining
Badlands National Park was so named for its heavy load of bentonite clay eroded from the badlands.
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936:, a United States National Park composed of three geographically separated areas of badlands in western
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Avcioglu, Aydogan; Gorum, Tolga; Akbas, Abdullah; Moreno de las Heras, Mariano; Yetemen, Omer (2021).
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1927:(2nd rev. ed.). Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona: Petrified Forest Museum Association.
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Clay and Shale
Deposits of Ontario, Ontario Geological Survey, Mineral Deposits Circular MDC15
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1015:. Additional badlands also exist in various places throughout southwest Wyoming, such as near
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Badlands arise from a combination of an impermeable but easily eroded ground surface, sparse
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198:). Such a drainage system is said to have a very fine drainage texture, as measured by its
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Badlands are found on every continent except
Antarctica, being most common where there are
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has cut a very large number of deep drainage channels, separated by short, steep ridges (
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434:. In the early 1900s, the area was used for agricultural purposes, predominantly cattle
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1630:"The climatic, topographic and litho-tectonic characteristics of badlands in Turkey"
1395:
Bryan, R. and A. Yair, 1982a. Perspectives on studies of badland geomorphology. In
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Parks and plates : the geology of our national parks, monuments, and seashores
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is another example of badlands. A small strip of badlands is also found in western
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598:("Valley of the Moon") is one of many examples of badland formations in midwestern
586:. The presence of unconsolidated sediments is a strong control on their locations.
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In addition to a dense system of drainages and interfluves, badlands often contain
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are examples of extensive badland formations. Also located in this region is
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Reading the Rocks: Aguide to the
Geological Features of the Wairarapa Coast
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529:
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Dinosaur
Provincial Park : a spectacular ancient ecosystem revealed
1521:(Fourth ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: American Geological Institute.
1308:(Fourth ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: American Geological Institute.
983:-aged shales are exposed. Another popular area of badland formations is
819:– is located at the head of a small valley near the southern tip of the
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In addition to surface erosion, badlands sometimes have well-developed
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This article is about the type of terrain. For the national park, see
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who moved there in the late 1700s and who referred to the terrain as
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1689:"Clay mineralogy as a crucial factor in badland hillslope processes"
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Arid zone geomorphology : process, form and change in drylands
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species. However, the time scale for this process is many decades.
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area in Utah, about 4,900 ft (1,500 m) above sea level,
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Badlands are partially characterized by their thin to nonexistent
249:. These are formed by resistant beds of sandstone, which form the
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1990:
1410:"Cheltenham Badlands Management Planning Background Information"
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can become established and then be gradually replaced by native
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716:, Eastern India is a badlands located in a monsoon climate.
1985:
1361:(3rd ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.
1171: – Valley in the Mojave Desert, Eastern California
516:
that is unlike the eroded badlands of the White River.
1399:. R. Bryan and A. Yair (eds), 1-3. Norwich: Geo Books.
1276:(9th ed.). Hoboken, N.J.: J. Wiley. p. 475.
1039:
in California also has areas of badlands, as does the
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or 'bad lands to traverse', perhaps influenced by the
1383:"Geologic Formations: How Badlands Buttes Came to Be"
1882:
Zeitschrift fĂĽr Geomorphologie, Supplementary Issues
1244:(1st ed.). New York: W.W. Norton. p. 267.
771:, badlands are called "calanchi". Some examples are
1986:
Badlands National Park (U.S. National Park Service)
956:encompasses numerous badlands that also abuts the
122:. They are characterized by steep slopes, minimal
1993:– Documentary about the badlands of South Dakota.
536:and reforestation have been studied in the black
265:, and infrequent but heavy rainfall. The surface
1220:(2nd ed.) Springer Science & Business Media
1216:A.J. Parsons and A.D. Abrahams, Editors (2009)
1165: – Narrow inlet on the Mediterranean coast
1134:Badlands below North Caineville Plateau by the
1742:. Great Plains Research Center. Archived from
1466:"How Did Badlands National Park Get Its Name?"
1419:Conservancy. 2012. p. 4-5. Archived from
277:, with only occasional beds of more resistant
1336:(2d ed.). New York: Wiley. p. 127.
1059:inside various different media, particularly
479:, as the early French fur traders called the
8:
1786:Currie, P.J.; Koppelhus, E.B., eds. (2005).
960:Indian Reservation and is directly north of
494:
484:
474:
184:Badlands are characterized by a distinctive
1327:
1325:
1304:Jackson, Julia A., ed. (1997). "badlands".
1001:Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument
369:can be generally said to fit this profile.
94:Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument
1517:Jackson, Julia A., ed. (1997). "Malpais".
1385:. National Park Service. 10 November 2020.
1790:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
1674:"Ischigualasto / Talampaya Natural Parks"
1649:
1634:EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts
1623:
1621:
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1297:
1295:
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890:Turkey has extensive badlands, including
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1538:
1235:
1233:
1158:Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve
694:Badlands of the Zhangye National Geopark
71:of all important aspects of the article.
2043:Western (genre) staples and terminology
1267:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1181:
1070:
499:, meaning 'bad land' or 'eroded land'.
430:are an example of badlands produced by
106:are a type of dry terrain where softer
1870:, Landscape Publications limited, 1989
866:, parts of the Granada Altiplano near
308:, which is a system of pipes, joints,
67:Please consider expanding the lead to
1850:"Putangirua Pinnacles Scenic Reserve"
1687:Kasanin-Grubin, Milica (2013-07-01).
670:Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology
630:, not far from Canada's largest city
293:of the drainage system from regional
7:
1218:Geomorphology of Desert Environments
656:, particularly in the valley of the
1991:The Badlands: Nature's Time Capsule
1548:Journal of Environmental Management
803:A well-known badlands formation in
1925:Petrified Forest: A Story in Stone
1546:with novel in-situ measurements".
940:named after former U.S. President
645:gained notoriety as a hideout for
441:An example of badlands created by
316:badlands show very little piping.
188:. This is terrain in which water
25:
652:There is a large badland area in
1397:Badland geomorphology and piping
1127:
1109:
1091:
1073:
934:Theodore Roosevelt National Park
720:spread across northern parts of
486:les mauvaises terres Ă traverser
236:Theodore Roosevelt National Park
45:
1812:"ZHANGYE UNESCO GLOBAL GEOPARK"
1676:. UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
1055:Badlands have become a popular
811:, formed by the erosion of the
59:may be too short to adequately
2005:New International Encyclopedia
1695:. Updating Badlands Research.
1332:Thornbury, William D. (1969).
946:Petrified Forest National Park
732:known for its lawlessness and
578:Badlands are found on all the
154:forms are common in badlands.
69:provide an accessible overview
27:Type of heavily eroded terrain
1:
1560:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112284
512:, but refers to a terrain of
208:creates a stark landscape of
1866:Lloyd Homer and Phil Moore,
1740:Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan
1713:10.1016/j.catena.2012.08.008
1651:10.5194/egusphere-egu21-7788
1612:10.1016/j.catena.2012.02.008
1496:El Malpais National Monument
1492:"Frequently asked questions"
1902:10.1127/zfg_suppl/2021/0702
1734:Harel, Claude-Jean (2006).
1334:Principles of geomorphology
835:Badland landscape from the
760:, in the Italian region of
253:of the buttes and hoodoos.
2059:
1464:Shaw, Ethan (2018-03-18).
1240:Lillie, Robert J. (2005).
997:Dinosaur National Monument
679:
664:is located, as well as in
532:, Eastern India, badlands
528:is being attempted in the
29:
1272:Levin, Harold L. (2010).
1003:. A small badland called
989:Oglala National Grassland
485:
475:
36:Badlands (disambiguation)
1357:Thomas, D., ed. (2011).
991:located in northwestern
699:Zhangye National Geopark
682:Zhangye National Geopark
662:Dinosaur Provincial Park
367:Dinosaur Provincial Park
126:, lack of a substantial
1498:. National Park Service
1191:Chambers's Encyclopædia
1037:Pinnacles National Park
985:Toadstool Geologic Park
907:Toadstool Geologic Park
540:badlands of the French
495:
285:clay further increases
92:The Chinle Badlands at
1768:. Virtual Saskatchewan
1274:The earth through time
1198:, 1961, Vol. 2, p. 47.
1081:Badlands National Park
926:Badlands National Park
913:
847:
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728:and southern parts of
695:
619:
575:
432:poor farming practices
407:
391:Anthropogenic badlands
299:Badlands National Park
238:
118:have been extensively
100:
34:. For other uses, see
32:Badlands National Park
1444:Guillet, J.R (1977).
905:
834:
755:
703:UNESCO Global Geopark
693:
613:
563:
398:
226:
91:
1923:Ash, Sidney (2005).
962:Joseph City, Arizona
918:Makoshika State Park
892:Göreme National Park
809:Putangirua Pinnacles
789:Civita di Bagnoregio
508:means 'badlands' in
476:les mauvaises terres
348:(a byproduct of the
1948:RĂo, David (2016).
1894:2021ZGmS...62..333E
1705:2013Caten.106...54K
1642:2021EGUGA..23.7788A
1604:2013Caten.106....4G
1519:Glossary of geology
1306:Glossary of geology
624:Cheltenham Badlands
546:Austrian black pine
453:in northern Spain.
424:Cheltenham Badlands
400:Cheltenham Badlands
186:badlands topography
180:Badlands topography
1736:"Big Muddy Valley"
1045:eastern California
1023:near the towns of
942:Theodore Roosevelt
914:
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765:
756:The "Calanchi" of
696:
639:Big Muddy Badlands
620:
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420:acid mine drainage
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239:
101:
2038:Erosion landforms
1999:"Bad Lands"
1934:978-0-945695-11-0
1051:Culture and media
952:which is part of
864:Tabernas, AlmerĂa
363:Chadron Formation
297:, as occurred at
273:, sometimes with
108:sedimentary rocks
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16:(Redirected from
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1031:, near the high
1005:Hell's Half-Acre
909:in northwestern
878:are examples of
628:Caledon, Ontario
596:Valle de la Luna
565:Valle de la Luna
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428:Caledon, Ontario
404:Caledon, Ontario
201:drainage density
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359:Brule Formation
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314:Henry Mountains
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1188:"Badlands" in
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1009:Natrona County
1007:is present in
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1766:"Outlaw Rule"
1764:Yanko, Dave.
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1833:. Retrieved
1829:
1826:"28/07/2020"
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1770:. Retrieved
1759:
1748:. Retrieved
1744:the original
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1500:. Retrieved
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1169:Death Valley
1153:Earth forest
1085:South Dakota
1054:
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938:North Dakota
930:South Dakota
915:
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872:Los Monegros
849:
821:North Island
817:alluvial fan
813:conglomerate
802:
781:Crete Senesi
766:
712:
697:
672:is located.
668:, where the
651:
643:Saskatchewan
636:
621:
614:Badlands in
593:
577:
534:Revegetation
523:
520:Human impact
503:
501:
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355:Mancos Shale
331:
318:
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291:rejuvenation
260:
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199:
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185:
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172:can produce
156:
103:
102:
96:in southern
77:October 2022
74:
58:
56:lead section
1830:Empower IAS
1417:Bruce Trail
1117:Las MĂ©dulas
1019:and in the
805:New Zealand
799:New Zealand
481:White River
451:Las MĂ©dulas
412:overgrazing
322:White River
287:erodibility
206:interfluves
195:interfluves
166:overgrazing
130:, and high
2017:Categories
1835:2022-09-05
1772:2010-05-11
1750:2010-05-11
1554:: 112284.
1528:0922152349
1502:18 January
1477:2019-08-01
1430:2024-03-08
1343:0471861979
1315:0922152349
1251:0393924076
1194:. London:
1176:References
977:Cretaceous
971:Among the
882:badlands.
815:of an old
777:Basilicata
762:Basilicata
680:See also:
666:Drumheller
616:Drumheller
584:Antarctica
580:continents
514:lava flows
365:, and the
275:evaporites
263:vegetation
176:badlands.
124:vegetation
1910:233709481
1721:0341-8162
1699:: 54–67.
1660:236762970
1576:232217656
1471:USA Today
966:dinosaurs
726:Rajasthan
705:in 2019.
618:, Alberta
600:Argentina
590:Argentina
573:Argentina
556:Locations
550:deciduous
502:The term
496:mako sica
483:badlands
469:from the
461:The word
457:Etymology
416:acid rain
374:sandstone
350:weathered
289:, as can
283:bentonite
279:sandstone
170:pollution
162:sediments
61:summarize
2023:Badlands
1969:24757762
1957:Atlantis
1598:: 4–11.
1568:33711662
1163:Calanque
1147:See also
1061:westerns
1017:Pinedale
993:Nebraska
981:Jurassic
911:Nebraska
714:Garhbeta
660:, where
569:San Juan
530:Garhbeta
463:badlands
406:, Canada
334:regolith
328:Regolith
152:geologic
128:regolith
104:Badlands
2008:. 1905.
1890:Bibcode
1701:Bibcode
1638:Bibcode
1600:Bibcode
1103:Wyoming
1013:Wyoming
987:in the
964:. Many
950:Arizona
922:Montana
880:Spanish
841:Navarre
785:Tuscany
742:Haryana
734:dacoity
718:Chambal
654:Alberta
647:outlaws
632:Toronto
626:are in
582:except
510:Spanish
505:malpaĂs
473:phrase
445:is the
436:grazing
382:lichens
310:caverns
271:mudrock
267:bedrock
251:caprock
247:hoodoos
232:hoodoos
228:Caprock
218:ravines
214:gullies
190:erosion
148:hoodoos
140:gullies
136:Ravines
18:Badland
1967:
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1693:CATENA
1658:
1592:CATENA
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979:- and
958:Navajo
886:Turkey
876:Aragon
868:Guadix
858:, the
807:– the
787:) and
773:Aliano
758:Aliano
606:Canada
467:calque
443:mining
422:. The
361:, the
357:, the
344:, and
306:piping
295:uplift
257:Origin
243:buttes
216:, and
144:buttes
120:eroded
114:-rich
1965:JSTOR
1953:(PDF)
1906:S2CID
1656:S2CID
1572:S2CID
1451:(PDF)
1424:(PDF)
1413:(PDF)
1121:Spain
1057:trope
1025:Lyman
854:near
845:Spain
839:, in
827:Spain
793:Lazio
769:Italy
748:Italy
709:India
676:China
465:is a
447:Roman
418:, or
378:algae
342:shale
210:hills
116:soils
1929:ISBN
1792:ISBN
1717:ISSN
1564:PMID
1523:ISBN
1504:2021
1363:ISBN
1338:ISBN
1310:ISBN
1278:ISBN
1246:ISBN
1222:ISBN
1140:Utah
1027:and
924:and
850:The
740:and
684:and
637:The
622:The
594:The
542:Alps
538:marl
346:sand
338:silt
245:and
112:clay
110:and
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1898:doi
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