795:
53:
387:. The Scomberesocoidea contain the Belonidae and Scomberesocidae, while the Exocoetoidea comprise the Exocoetidae, Hemiramphidae and Zenarchopteridae. However, newer evidence shows the flyingfishes are nested within the halfbeaks, and the needlefish and sauries are nested within the subfamily Zenarchopterinae of the family Hemiramphidae, which has been recognized as its own family. The sauries are also nested within the family Belonidae.
31:
394:
condition in the order excluding the ricefishes is an elongated lower jaw in juveniles and adults as represented in halfbeaks. In the needlefish and sauries, both jaws are elongated in the adults; the juveniles of most species develop through a "halfbeak stage" before having both jaws elongated. The
398:
They are known for many commercial uses, and have about 260 different species. Beloniformes lack a complete sequence of mitogenomes. This leads to many variations in mtDNA, about 35 different ones. To understand evolution for
Beloniformes and to identify the larvae, scientists will use Beloniformes
349:
With the exception of the
Adrianichthyidae, these are streamlined, medium-sized fishes that live close to the surface of the water, feeding on algae, plankton, or smaller animals including other fishes. Most are marine, though a few needlefish and halfbeaks inhabit brackish and fresh waters.
1631:
686:"Mitochondrial genome of the garfish Hyporhamphus quoyi (Beloniformes: Hemiramphidae) and phylogenetic relationships within Beloniformes based on whole mitogenomes"
1670:
444:
751:
1605:
822:
1644:
614:
572:
379:, resulting in the upper jaw being fixed or not protrusible. The Belonoidei may also be further subdivided into two superfamilies, the
546:
367:. The Adrianichthyoidei contain only a single family, the Adrianichthyidae. Originally, the Adrianichthyidae were included in the
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1657:
815:
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1527:
1514:
422:
1584:
562:
427:
375:, but a closer relationship to the beloniforms is indicated by various characteristics including the absence of the
1675:
421:
395:
elongated lower jaw is lost in adults and is lost in most juveniles in the flyingfishes and some halfbeak genera.
1597:
413:
763:
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1454:
646:
541:
Helfman G., Collette B., & Facey D.: The
Diversity of Fishes, Blackwell Publishing, pp 274-276, 1997,
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1360:
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684:
Lu, Songhui; Zheng, Zhijia; Cen, Jingyi; Gao, Jian; Cao, Rongbo; Dong, Yuelei; Cui, Lei (2018-11-15).
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324:
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104:
1400:
1212:
1111:
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1027:
984:
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857:
1477:
719:
1566:
1202:
1179:
879:
372:
318:
180:
64:
737:
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634:
1471:
1295:
1285:
1126:
937:
851:
578:
119:
84:
1065:
961:
390:
The beloniforms display an interesting array of jaw morphologies. The
1623:
887:
845:
74:
1448:
30:
1610:
1571:
1719:
784:
1452:
804:
994:
407:
285:
1558:
279:
261:
255:
357:
and the
Belonoidei, although this clade is referred to as
353:
The order is sometimes divided up into two suborders, the
273:
267:
288:
276:
264:
561:
J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016).
258:
252:
1461:
1221:
1188:
1148:
1125:
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1074:
1026:
1003:
970:
959:
936:
925:
907:
896:
878:
282:
270:
249:
464:; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.).
635:"Phylogeny and Jaw Ontogeny of Beloniform Fishes"
304:(and about 264 species) of freshwater and marine
816:
752:"A compendium of fossil marine animal genera"
633:Lovejoy, N; Iranpour, M; Collette, B (2004).
8:
1449:
967:
933:
904:
823:
809:
801:
793:
29:
20:
727:
709:
660:
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626:
556:
554:
371:and assumed to be closely related to the
453:
524:
514:
7:
1725:497DDA6B-FF9D-F119-43AB-B3B94EF2C562
1686:8ff66818-b023-48b5-bcae-8c4862369019
1598:0001f041-fb7d-4c89-8c8a-a5c9b0adeb9a
567:(5th ed.). Wiley. p. 363.
639:Integrative and Comparative Biology
756:Bulletins of American Paleontology
500:Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors.
14:
502:"Order Summary for Beloniformes"
245:
51:
480:California Academy of Sciences
1:
711:10.1371/journal.pone.0205025
1802:
599:Nelson, Joseph S. (2006).
840:
399:to help them study this.
227:
220:
152:
147:
134:
127:
48:Scientific classification
46:
37:
28:
23:
750:Sepkoski, Jack (2002).
1786:Taxa named by Lev Berg
1776:Ray-finned fish orders
361:in the 5th edition of
345:(viviparous halfbeaks)
315:(ricefish and medakas)
1707:Paleobiology Database
762:: 560. Archived from
607:John Wiley & Sons
462:Eschmeyer, William N.
1593:Fauna Europaea (new)
790:Encyclopedia of Life
662:10.1093/icb/44.5.366
1094:Protacanthopterygii
1084:Lepidogalaxiiformes
702:2018PLoSO..1305025C
602:Fishes of the World
564:Fishes of the World
364:Fishes of the World
1311:Cyprinodontiformes
1236:Trachichthyiformes
1190:Paracanthopterygii
1041:Alepocephaliformes
835:orders by subclass
527:has generic name (
403:Timeline of genera
369:Cyprinodontiformes
233:Scomberesociformes
40:Exocoetus volitans
1758:
1757:
1694:Open Tree of Life
1455:Taxon identifiers
1446:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1406:Tetraodontiformes
1361:Chaetodontiformes
1296:Pleuronectiformes
1251:Batrachoidiformes
1013:Osteoglossiformes
1005:Osteoglossomorpha
616:978-0-471-25031-9
574:978-1-118-34233-6
475:Catalog of Fishes
355:Adrianichthyoidei
239:
238:
157:Adrianichthyoidei
123:
1793:
1751:
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1738:
1737:
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1663:NBNSYS0000179751
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1510:
1509:
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1495:
1482:
1481:
1480:
1450:
1416:Centrarchiformes
1391:Priacanthiformes
1386:Scatophagiformes
1341:Uranoscopiformes
1286:Istiophoriformes
1276:Synbranchiformes
1241:Holocentriformes
1208:Stylephoriformes
1160:Ateleopodiformes
1046:Gonorynchiformes
990:Notacanthiformes
968:
964:
946:Lepisosteiformes
934:
930:
917:Acipenseriformes
905:
901:
825:
818:
811:
802:
797:
774:
772:
771:
742:
741:
731:
713:
696:(11): e0205025.
681:
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630:
621:
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586:
577:. Archived from
558:
549:
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532:
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522:
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510:
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491:
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486:
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381:Scomberesocoidea
343:Zenarchopteridae
313:Adrianichthyidae
300:composed of six
295:
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290:
287:
284:
281:
278:
275:
272:
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209:Zenarchopteridae
176:Scomberesocoidea
162:Adrianichthyidae
118:
56:
55:
33:
21:
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1505:
1500:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1457:
1447:
1430:
1426:Scorpaeniformes
1366:Acanthuriformes
1326:Gobiesociformes
1266:Syngnathiformes
1223:Acanthopterygii
1217:
1184:
1180:Polymixiiformes
1144:
1121:
1102:Argentiniformes
1088:
1070:
1022:
999:
960:
955:
926:
921:
897:
892:
888:Polypteriformes
874:
836:
829:
781:
769:
767:
749:
746:
745:
683:
682:
678:
652:10.1.1.527.8541
632:
631:
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598:
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593:
584:
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552:
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460:
459:
455:
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443:
405:
337:Scomberesocidae
306:ray-finned fish
248:
244:
186:Scomberesocidae
143:
140:
117:
50:
17:
16:Order of fishes
12:
11:
5:
1799:
1797:
1789:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1763:
1762:
1756:
1755:
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1716:
1703:
1690:
1680:
1667:
1654:
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1580:Fauna Europaea
1576:
1563:
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1511:
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1459:
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1440:
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1411:Pempheriformes
1408:
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1398:
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1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1306:Atheriniformes
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1281:Anabantiformes
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1227:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1215:
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1205:
1200:
1198:Percopsiformes
1194:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1170:Myctophiformes
1167:
1162:
1156:
1154:
1151:incertae sedis
1146:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1137:
1131:
1129:
1123:
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1114:
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1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1032:
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1024:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1018:Hiodontiformes
1015:
1009:
1007:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
995:Anguilliformes
992:
987:
982:
976:
974:
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948:
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931:
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841:
838:
837:
833:Actinopterygii
830:
828:
827:
820:
813:
805:
799:
798:
785:"Beloniformes"
780:
779:External links
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776:
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743:
676:
645:(5): 366–377.
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1397:
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1392:
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1371:Lutjaniformes
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1356:Ephippiformes
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1331:Blenniiformes
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
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1294:
1292:
1291:Carangiformes
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1271:Scombriformes
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1246:Ophidiiformes
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1195:
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1191:
1187:
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1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1112:Salmoniformes
1110:
1108:
1107:Galaxiiformes
1105:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1076:Lepidogalaxii
1073:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1061:Gymnotiformes
1059:
1057:
1056:Characiformes
1054:
1052:
1051:Cypriniformes
1049:
1047:
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1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
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864:Gnathostomata
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842:
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834:
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819:
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766:on 2011-07-23
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581:on 2019-04-08
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547:0-86542-256-7
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331:Hemiramphidae
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24:Beloniformes
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1771:Beloniformes
1520:Beloniformes
1507:Beloniformes
1493:Beloniformes
1463:Beloniformes
1462:
1401:Lophiiformes
1396:Caproiformes
1376:Lobotiformes
1351:Moroniformes
1336:Gerreiformes
1321:Mugiliformes
1316:Beloniformes
1315:
1301:Cichliformes
1231:Beryciformes
1175:Lampriformes
1165:Aulopiformes
1149:
1140:Stomiiformes
1135:Osmeriformes
1066:Siluriformes
1036:Clupeiformes
985:Albuliformes
870:Osteichthyes
862:Infraphylum
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385:Exocoetoidea
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359:Exocoetoidei
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321:(needlefish)
242:Beloniformes
241:
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194:Exocoetoidea
192:Superfamily
174:Superfamily
170:Exocoetoidei
135:
129:Type species
115:Beloniformes
114:
101:(unranked):
38:
18:
1781:Ovalentaria
1619:iNaturalist
1487:Wikispecies
1421:Perciformes
1381:Spariformes
1346:Labriformes
1261:Gobiiformes
1256:Kurtiformes
1117:Esociformes
980:Elopiformes
972:Elopomorpha
928:Neopterygii
909:Chondrostei
899:Actinopteri
868:Superclass
333:(halfbeaks)
325:Exocoetidae
199:Exocoetidae
105:Ovalentaria
1765:Categories
1213:Gadiformes
1028:Otocephala
951:Amiiformes
858:Vertebrata
856:Subphylum
770:2011-05-17
585:2019-07-28
508:2007-02-10
504:. FishBase
448:References
120:L. S. Berg
1203:Zeiformes
962:Teleostei
880:Cladistia
720:1932-6203
647:CiteSeerX
377:interhyal
373:killifish
339:(sauries)
319:Belonidae
181:Belonidae
168:Suborder
155:Suborder
148:Families
71:Kingdom:
65:Eukaryota
1472:Wikidata
1127:Stomiati
938:Holostei
852:Chordata
846:Animalia
844:Kingdom
738:30439949
690:PLOS ONE
671:21676722
517:cite web
383:and the
302:families
222:Synonyms
85:Chordata
81:Phylum:
75:Animalia
61:Domain:
1478:Q329667
850:Phylum
831:Extant
787:at the
729:6237333
698:Bibcode
609:, Inc.
485:28 July
111:Order:
91:Class:
1735:113884
1732:uBio:
1699:837201
1683:NZOR:
1650:553128
1585:304295
1572:1BELGO
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468:Belone
296:is an
122:, 1937
1748:10320
1743:WoRMS
1720:Plazi
1712:35761
1676:76071
1637:10232
1632:IRMNG
1624:51485
392:basal
298:order
1671:NCBI
1645:ITIS
1606:GBIF
1567:EPPO
1559:8242
1528:BOLD
734:PMID
716:ISSN
667:PMID
611:ISBN
569:ISBN
543:ISBN
529:help
487:2019
1658:NBN
1611:498
1554:EoL
1541:CoL
1533:269
1515:AFD
1502:ADW
760:364
724:PMC
706:doi
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