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predominantly good self-perceived health, less perceived stress, better mental health, better vitality, and less loneliness. The study attributed these results to possible economic benefits and senses of both independence and identity as a member of a cyclist community. An
English study recruiting non-cyclist older adults aged 50 to 83 to participate as either conventional pedal bike cyclists, electrically assisted e-bike cyclists, or a non-cyclist control group in outdoor trails measured cognitive function through executive function, spatial reasoning, and memory tests and well-being through questionnaires. The study did not find significant differences in spatial reasoning or memory tests. It did, however, find that both cyclists groups had improved executive function and well-being, both with greater improvement in the e-bike group. This suggested that non-physical factors of cycling such as independence, engagement with the outdoor environment, and mobility play a greater role in improving mental health.
323:. These have frames with relaxed geometry, protecting the rider from shocks of the road and easing steering at low speeds. Utility bicycles tend to be equipped with accessories such as mudguards, pannier racks and lights, which extends their usefulness on a daily basis. Since the bicycle is so effective as a means of transportation, various companies have developed methods of carrying anything from the weekly shop to children on bicycles. Certain countries rely heavily on bicycles and their culture has developed around the bicycle as a primary form of transport. In Europe, Denmark and the Netherlands have the most bicycles per capita and most often use bicycles for everyday transport.
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bicycle routes to be established. When cycling, cyclists take into account the safety on the road, bicycle lanes, smooth roads, diverse scenery, and ride length. Thus, the environment plays a huge role in people's decision factor to use bicycle touring more. This study used many questionnaires and conducted statistical analysis to come up with the conclusion of cyclists' top 5 factors that they consider before making a decision to bike are: safety, lighting facility, design of lanes, the surrounding landscape, and how clean the environment is. Thus, after improving these 5 factors, they found much more recreational benefits to bicycle tourism.
1733:(NIOSH) has investigated the potential health effects of prolonged bicycling in police bicycle patrol units, including the possibility that some bicycle saddles exert excessive pressure on the urogenital area of cyclists, restricting blood flow to the genitals. Their study found that using bicycle seats without protruding noses reduced pressure on the groin by at least 65% and significantly reduced the number of cases of urogenital paresthesia. A follow-up found that 90% of bicycle officers who tried the no-nose seat were using it six months later. NIOSH recommends that riders use a no-nose bicycle seat for workplace bicycling.
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ligaments. Further stress of the knee can be relieved by changing seat heights and pedal position to improve the rehabilitation. Cycling is also used for rehabilitation after hip surgery to manage soft-tissue healing, control swelling and pain, and allow a larger range of motion to the nearby muscles earlier during recovery. As a result, many institutions have established a rehabilitation protocol that involves stationary cycling as part of the recovery process. One such protocol offered by Mayo Clinic recommends 2–4 weeks of cycling on an upright stationary bike following
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comparing the effects of air pollution exposure on the health of cyclists was conducted, but the authors concluded that the differing methodologies and measuring parameters of each study made it difficult to compare results and suggested a more holistic approach was needed to accomplish this. The significance of the associated health effect, if any, is unclear but probably much smaller than the health impacts associated with accidents and the health benefits derived from additional physical activity.
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914:. Most mountain biking takes place on dirt roads, trails and in purpose-built parks. Downhill mountain biking has just evolved in the recent years and is performed at places such as Whistler Mountain Bike Park. Slopestyle, a form of downhill, is when riders do tricks such as tailwhips, 360s, backflips and front flips. There are several disciplines of mountain biking besides downhill, including: cross country (often referred to as XC), all mountain, trail, free ride, and newly popular
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498:, occupying road space as car does. Alternately, in countries such as Denmark and the Netherlands, where cycling is popular, cyclists are often segregated into bike lanes at the side of, or more often separate from, main highways and roads. Many primary schools participate in the national road test in which children individually complete a circuit on roads near the school while being observed by testers.
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a quarter of the country's entire 140,000 km road network. A quarter of all trips in the country are made on bicycles, one quarter of them to work. Even the prime minister goes to work by bicycle, when weather permits. This saves the lives of 6,000 citizens per year, prolongs life expectancy by 6 months, saves the country 20 million dollars per year, and prevents 150 grams of CO
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continuous hours a week can cause men to experience numbness or tingling which can lead to them losing the ability to achieve an erection due to reduced blood flow; which 13% of males did experience in a study by
Norwegian researchers who gathered data from 160 men participating in a long-distance bike tour. Fitting a proper sized seat can prevent this effect. In extreme cases,
1494:, which seeks to promote walking and cycling as safe and attractive alternatives to motorized transport. Given that many journeys are for relatively short distances, there is considerable scope to replace car use with walking or cycling, though in many settings this may require some infrastructure modification, particularly to attract the less experienced and confident.
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576:. The provision of cycling infrastructure varies widely between cities and countries, particularly since cycling for transportation almost entirely occurs in public streets. And, the development of computer vision and street view imagery has provided significant potential to assess infrastructure for cyclists.
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Professional racing organizations place limitations on the bicycles that can be used in the races that they sanction. For example, the Union
Cycliste Internationale, the governing body of international cycle sport (which sanctions races such as the Tour de France), decided in the late 1990s to create
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Of a study of 518 cyclists, a large majority reported at least one overuse injury, with over one third requiring medical treatment. The most common injury sites were the neck (48.8%) and the knees (41.7%), as well as the groin/buttocks (36.1%), hands (31.1%), and back (30.3%). Women were more likely
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physical trauma includes injuries to the head and extremities resulting from falls and collisions. Most cycle deaths result from a collision with a car or heavy goods vehicle. Drivers are at fault in the majority of these crashes. Segregated cycling infrastructure reduces the rate of crashes between
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is frequently advocated as a suitable exercise for rehabilitation, particularly for lower limb injury, owing to the low impact which it has on the joints. In particular, cycling is commonly used within knee rehabilitation programs, to strengthen the quadriceps muscles with minimal stress on the knee
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The health benefits of cycling outweigh the risks, when cycling is compared to a sedentary lifestyle. A Dutch study found that cycling can extend lifespans by up to 14 months, but the risks equated to a reduced lifespan of 40 days or less. Mortality rate reduction was found to be directly correlated
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alongside them, or cycle lanes marked on the road. On roads where adjacent bike paths or cycle tracks exist, the use of these facilities is compulsory, and cycling on the main carriageway is not permitted. Some 35,000 km of cycle-track has been physically segregated from motor traffic, equal to
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In jurisdictions where motor vehicles were given priority, cycling has tended to decline while in jurisdictions where cycling infrastructure was built, cycling rates have remained steady or increased. Occasionally, extreme measures against cycling may occur. In
Shanghai, where bicycles were once the
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Despite the risk factors associated with bicycling, cyclists have a lower overall mortality rate when compared to other groups. A Danish study in 2000 found that even after adjustment for other risk factors, including leisure time physical activity, those who did not cycle to work experienced a 39%
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as a health risk in developed countries, and is associated with 20-30% increased risk of various cancers, heart disease, and diabetes and tens of billions of dollars of healthcare costs. The WHO's 2009 report suggests that increasing physical activity is a public health "best buy", and that cycling
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Bicycles enjoy substantial use as general delivery vehicles in many countries. In the UK and North
America, as their first jobs, generations of teenagers have worked at delivering newspapers by bicycle. London has many delivery companies that use bicycles with trailers. Most cities in the West, and
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designed to help people cycle in the city. Typically these feature utilitarian city bikes which lock into docking stations, released on payment for set time periods. Costs vary from city to city. In London, initial hire access costs £2 per day. The first 30 minutes of each trip is free, with £2 for
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Avila-Palencia, Ione; Int Panis, Luc; Dons, Evi; Gaupp-Berghausen, Mailin; Raser, Elisabeth; Götschi, Thomas; Gerike, Regine; Brand, Christian; de
Nazelle, Audrey; Orjuela, Juan Pablo; Anaya-Boig, Esther (1 November 2018). "The effects of transport mode use on self-perceived health, mental health,
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and is associated with minor biological changes. A 2010 study estimated that the gained life expectancy from the health benefits of cycling (approximately 3–14 months gained) greatly exceeded the lost life expectancy from air pollution (approximately 0.8–40 days lost). However, a systematic review
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An
Italian study assessed the impact of cycling for commute on major non-communicable diseases and public healthcare costs. Using a health economic assessment model, the study found a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes, acute myocardial infarction, and stroke in individuals that cycled compared to
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include registration requirements and will provide information either through the mail or online concerning start times and other requirements. Rides usually consist of several different routes, sorted by mileage, and with a certain number of rest stops that usually include refreshments, first aid
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first started using bicycles in 1880; now bicycle delivery fleets include 37,000 in the UK, 25,700 in
Germany, 10,500 in Hungary and 7000 in Sweden. In Australia, Australia Post has also reintroduced bicycle postal deliveries on some routes due to an inability to recruit sufficient licensed riders
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One concern is that riding in traffic may expose the cyclist to higher levels of air pollution, especially cyclists regularly traveling on or along busy roads. Some authors have claimed this to be untrue, showing that the pollutant and irritant count within cars is consistently higher, presumably
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A 15-month randomized controlled trial in the U.S. examined the impact of self-paced cycling on cognitive function in institutionalized older adults without cognitive impairment. Researchers used three cognitive assessments: Mini-Mental State
Examination (MMSE), Fuld object memory evaluation, and
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Note that overuse is a relative term, and capacity varies greatly between individuals. Someone starting out in cycling must be careful to increase length and frequency of cycling sessions slowly, starting for example at an hour or two per day, or a hundred miles or kilometers per week. Bilateral
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Among the disadvantages of cycling are the requirement of bicycles (excepting tricycles or quadricycles) for the rider to have certain level of basic skill to remain upright, the reduced protection in crashes in comparison to motor vehicles, often longer travel time (except in densely populated
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as an alternative mode of transport, and another is about the creation of conditions to permit and/or encourage bicycle use, both for utility and recreational cycling. Although the first emphasizes the potential for energy and resource conservation and health benefits gained from cycling versus
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Bicycles are often used by people seeking to improve their fitness and cardiovascular health. Recent studies on the use of cycling for commutes have shown that it reduces the risk of cardiovascular outcomes by 11%, with slightly more risk reduction in women than in men. In addition, cycling is
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in London, UK, suggests that cyclists in London are typically 'white, under 40, male, with medium to high household income.' Studies from large-scale representative data from
Germany show that people with higher levels of education cycle substantially more often than those with lower levels of
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A study conducted in Taiwan improved the environmental quality for bicyclist tourists which demonstrated greater health benefits in tourists and even in natives. The number of bicyclists in Taiwan increased from 700,000 in 2008 to 5.1 million in 2017. Thus, this resulted in more and safer
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Bicycles are considered a sustainable mode of transport, especially suited for urban use and relatively shorter distances when used for transport (compared to recreation). Case studies and good practices (from European cities and some worldwide examples) that promote and stimulate this kind of
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Although cycling is beneficial to health, men can be negatively affected by cycling more than three hours a week due to the significant weight on their perineum, an area located between the scrotum and the anus which hold some of the nerves and arteries that pass to the penis. This weight for
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The effects of cycling on overall mental health have often been studied. A European study surveying participants from seven cities about self-perceived health based on primary modes of transportation reported favorable results in the bicycle use population. The bicycle use group reported
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and monitor changes in risks. In the UK, fatality rates per mile or kilometre are slightly less than those for walking. In the US, bicycling fatality rates are less than 2/3 of those walking the same distance. However, in the UK for example the fatality and serious injury rates
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events, however since the middle of the 20th century cycling has become a minority sport in the US whilst in Continental Europe it continues to be a major sport, particularly in the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, Italy and Spain. The most famous of all bicycle races is the
1210:. While the ride was founded with the idea of drawing attention to how unfriendly the city was to bicyclists, the leaderless structure of Critical Mass makes it impossible to assign it any one specific goal. In fact, the purpose of Critical Mass is not formalized beyond the
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because of limited circulation of air within the car and due to the air intake being directly in the stream of other traffic. Other authors have found small or inconsistent differences in concentrations but claim that exposure of cyclists is higher due to increased minute
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Road bikes tend to have a more upright shape and a shorter wheelbase, which make the bike more mobile but harder to ride slowly. The design, coupled with low or dropped handlebars, requires the rider to bend forward more, making use of stronger muscles (particularly the
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that seek to protest while on bicycles about systemic racism and police brutality. An incidental experience for Street Riders NYC protest participants is the inequity in where safe bicycling infrastructure exists by neighbourhood, which is interpreted as a form of
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reports that investment in cycling provision can give a 20:1 return from health and other benefits. It has been estimated that, on average, approximately 20 life-years are gained from the health benefits of road bicycling for every life-year lost through injury.
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education. Even for trips of the same distance and among people from the same city with the same income level, those with higher education cycle more. As a result, there are various forms of activism focused on diversifying the cycling community. Inspired by the
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can cause knee damage It used to be thought that cycling while standing was less energy efficient, but recent research has proven this not to be true. Other than air resistance, there is no wasted energy from cycling while standing, if it is done correctly.
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Cyclists, pedestrians and motorists make different demands on road design which may lead to conflicts. Some jurisdictions give priority to motorized traffic, for example setting up one-way street systems, free-right turns, high capacity roundabouts, and
172:, both sides used bicycles for scouting. In World War I, France, Germany, Australia and New Zealand used bicycles to move troops. In its 1937 invasion of China, Japan employed some 50,000 bicycle troops, and similar forces were instrumental in Japan's
1366:. These have a lower financial cost for users as well as for society at large (negligible damage to roads, less road area required). By fitting bicycle racks on the front of buses, transit agencies can significantly increase the areas they can serve.
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Extensive cycling infrastructure may be found in some cities. Such dedicated paths in some cities often have to be shared with in-line skaters, scooters, skateboarders, and pedestrians. Dedicated cycling infrastructure is treated differently in the
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Int Panis, Luc; De Geus, Bas; Vandenbulcke, Grégory; Willems, Hanny; Degraeuwe, Bart; Bleux, Nico; Mishra, Vinit; Thomas, Isabelle; Meeusen, Romain (2010). "Exposure to particulate matter in traffic: A comparison of cyclists and car passengers".
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Cycling suffers from a perception that it is unsafe. This perception is not always backed by hard numbers, because of under reporting of crashes and lack of bicycle use data (amount of cycling, kilometers cycled) which make it hard to assess the
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Road bikes are designed for speed and efficiency on paved roads. They are characterized by their lightweight frames, skinny tires, drop handlebars, and narrow saddles. Road bikes are ideal for racing, long-distance riding, and fitness training.
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has been increasing, since they provide greater accessibility to bicycle and pedestrian zones and allow access when roads are congested. In some cases, bicycle officers have been used as a supplement or a replacement for horseback officers.
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style bicycles were predictably fraught with injuries. Large races became popular during the 1890s "Golden Age of Cycling", with events across Europe, and in the U.S. and Japan as well. At one point, almost every major city in the US had a
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Varela, Silvia; Cancela, José M.; Seijo-Martinez, Manuel; Ayán, Carlos (1 October 2018). "Self-Paced Cycling Improves Cognition on Institutionalized Older Adults Without Known Cognitive Impairment: A 15-Month Randomized Controlled Trial".
836:(PBP), which began in 1891, is the oldest bicycling event still run on a regular basis on the open road, covers over 1,200 km (746 mi) and imposes a 90-hour time limit. Similar if smaller institutions exist in many countries.
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have also been used as part of rehabilitation for lower limb injuries, particularly after hip surgery. Individuals who cycle regularly have also reported mental health improvements, including less perceived stress and better vitality.
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Spencer-Gardner, Luke; Eischen, Joseph J.; Levy, Bruce A.; Sierra, Rafael J.; Engasser, William M.; Krych, Aaron J. (2013). "A comprehensive five-phase rehabilitation programme after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement".
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will be different in other regions. Overall, benefits of cycling or walking have been shown to exceed risks by ratios of 9:1 to 96:1 when compared with no exercise at all, including a wide variety of physical and mental outcomes.
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services and other methods of mass transportation (including greater provision for cycle carriage on such services) create conditions to encourage bicycle use. However, there are different opinions on the role of various types of
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of the lower limbs who are unable to pursue sports that cause impact to the knees and other joints. Since cycling can be used for the practical purpose of transportation, there can be less need for self-discipline to exercise.
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Brand, Christian; Götschi, Thomas; Dons, Evi; Gerike, Regine; Anaya-Boig, Esther; Avila-Palencia, Ione; de Nazelle, Audrey; Gascon, Mireia; Gaupp-Berghausen, Mailin; Iacorossi, Francesco; Kahlmeier, Sonja (March 2021).
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As the bicycle evolved its various forms, different racing formats developed. Road races may involve both team and individual competition, and are contested in various ways. They range from the one-day road race,
437:. In wet weather, riding can be more tolerable with waterproof clothes, such as cape, jacket, trousers (pants) and overshoes and high-visibility clothing is advisable to reduce the risk from motor vehicle users.
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The suspected primary reason of car-cyclist accidents was almost exclusively the driver's fault, in a total of 7,889 cases (99.6%), therefore we did not detail the accident numbers belonging to other reasons
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Bicycles provide numerous possible benefits in comparison with motor vehicles, including the sustained physical exercise involved in cycling, easier parking, increased maneuverability, and access to roads,
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muscular pain is a normal by-product of the training process, whereas unilateral pain may reveal "exercise-induced arterial endofibrosis". Joint pain and numbness are also early signs of overuse injury.
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Cycling became popularized in Europe and North America in the latter part and especially the last decade of the 19th century. Today, over 50 percent of the human population knows how to ride a bike.
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symbol digit modality test. The study found that long-term cycling for at least 15 minutes per day in older adults without cognitive impairment had a protective effect on cognition and attention.
591:, lockable mini-garages, and patrolled cycle parks are used to reduce theft. Local governments promote cycling by permitting bicycles to be carried on public transport or by providing external
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may be preferred. Otherwise, the relatively lighter, simpler, and less expensive double chainring is preferred, even on high-end race bikes. Much simpler fixed wheel bikes are also available.
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1450:, does little to promote bone density. Cycling up and out of the saddle, on the other hand, does a better job by transferring more of the rider's body weight to the legs. However, excessive
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Cyclists form associations, both for specific interests (trails development, road maintenance, bike maintenance, urban design, racing clubs, touring clubs, etc.) and for more global goals (
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803:, also known as cyclotourism, involves touring and exploration or sightseeing by bicycle for leisure. Bicycle tourism has been one of the most popular sports for recreational benefit. A
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races, another form of road racing require a rider to ride against the clock. Time trials can be performed as a team or as a single rider. Bikes are changed for time trial races, using
357:, sold at US$ 500,000), depending on quality, type and weight (the most exotic road bicycles can weigh as little as 3.2 kg (7 lb)). However, UCI regulations stipulate a legal
1292:, pollution reduction, promotion of fitness). Some bicycle clubs and national associations became prominent advocates for improvements to roads and highways. In the United States, the
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can be a source of intractable perineal pain. Some cyclists with induced pudendal nerve pressure neuropathy gained relief from improvements in saddle position and riding techniques.
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It is paradoxical that in many developing countries cycling is in decline as bicycles are replaced by motorbikes and cars, while in many developed countries cycling is on the rise.
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or horns, child carrying seats, cycling computers with GPS, locks, bar tape, fenders (mud-guards), baggage racks, baggage carriers and pannier bags, water bottles and bottle cages.
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areas), vulnerability to weather conditions, difficulty in transporting passengers, and the fact that a basic level of fitness is required for cycling moderate to long distances.
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IoneAvila-Palencia (2018). "The effects of transport mode use on self-perceived health, mental health, and social contact measures: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study".
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Overuse injuries, including chronic nerve damage at weight bearing locations, can occur as a result of repeatedly riding a bicycle for extended periods of time. Damage to the
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Schantz P, Salier Eriksson, J, Rosdahl, H. 2020. Perspectives on exercise intensity, volume and energy expenditure in habitual cycle commuting. Front. Sports Act. Living 2:65
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represents around 70 local, regional and national civil society organisations across more than 40 countries that work to promote cycling as a mode of transport and leisure.
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The bicycle has been used as a method of reconnaissance as well as transporting soldiers and supplies to combat zones. In this it has taken over many of the functions of
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Ramsden, Christopher; McDaniel, Michael; Harmon, Robert; Renney, Kenneth; Faure, Alexis (2003). "Pudendal nerve entrapment as source of intractable perineal pain".
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hold organized rides in which bicyclists of all levels participate. The typical organized ride starts with a large group of riders, called the mass, bunch or even
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Cycling provides a variety of health benefits and reduces the risk of cancers, heart disease, and diabetes that are prevalent in sedentary lifestyles. Cycling on
5177:"National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Countermeasures that work: A highway safety countermeasures guide for State Highway Safety Offices, 8th edition"
4680:"Outdoor cycling improves clinical symptoms, cognition and objectively measured physical activity in patients with schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial"
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races are held on outdoor terrain, including pavement, grass, and mud. Cyclocross races feature human-made features such as small barriers which riders either
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4621:"The effect of an interactive cycling training on cognitive functioning in older adults with mild dementia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial"
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Abraham, P.; Bouyé, P; Quéré, I; Chevalier, J. M.; Saumet, J. L. (2004). "Past, present and future of arterial endofibrosis in athletes: A point of view".
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of the knee. An incorrectly fitted saddle may eventually lead to muscle imbalance. A 25 to 35-degree knee angle is recommended to avoid an overuse injury.
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Ryu, Jehkwang; Jung, Jae Hoon; Kim, Jiheon; Kim, Chan-Hyung; Lee, Hwa-Bock; Kim, Do-Hoon; Lee, Sang-Kyu; Shin, Ji-Hyeon; Roh, Daeyoung (21 October 2019).
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4400:"Cycling Promotion and Non-Communicable Disease Prevention: Health Impact Assessment and Economic Evaluation of Cycling to Work or School in Florence"
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Jacobs, Lotte; Nawrot, Tim S; De Geus, Bas; Meeusen, Romain; Degraeuwe, Bart; Bernard, Alfred; Sughis, Muhammad; Nemery, Benoit; Panis, Luc (2010).
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Bíl, Michal; Bílová, Martina; Dobiáš, Martin; Andrášik, Richard (2016). "Circumstances and causes of fatal cycling crashes in the Czech Republic".
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749:, Colombia the city's largest bakery recently replaced most of its delivery trucks with bicycles. Even the car industry uses bicycles. At the huge
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Many schools and police departments run educational programs to instruct children in bicycle handling skills, especially to introduce them to the
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1330:, with associated members from Great Britain, Japan and elsewhere. Regular conferences on cycling as transport are held under the auspices of
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856:. This will thin out over the course of the ride. Many riders choose to ride together in groups of the same skill level to take advantage of
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cannot weigh less than 6.8 kg (14.99 lbs). Being measured for a bike and taking it for a test ride are recommended before buying.
5718:"NIOSH Research Demonstrates the Effectiveness of No-Nose Bicycle Seats in Reducing Groin Pressure and Improving Sexual Health (2010-163)"
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Selecting too high a gear. A lower gear for uphill climb protects the knees, even though muscles may be well able to handle a higher gear.
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additional rules which prohibit racing bicycles weighing less than 6.8 kilograms (14.96 pounds). The UCI rules also effectively ban some
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became the first man to ride his bicycle a mile in under a minute (hence his nickname, Mile-a-Minute Murphy), which he did by drafting a
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Road cyclists often wear tight-fitting clothing to improve performance and comfort for competitions. Here, a cyclist wears a summer team
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on public transport vehicles. Conversely, an absence of secure cycle-parking is a recurring complaint by cyclists from cities with low
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The price of a new bicycle can range from US$ 50 to more than US$ 20,000 (the highest priced bike in the world is the custom Madone by
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1467:, starting from 5 minutes per session and slowly increasing to 30 minutes per session. The goal of these sessions are to reduce joint
1300:. Their model for political organization, as well as the paved roads for which they argued, facilitated the growth of the automobile.
398:, enabling the rider to pull on the pedals as well as push. Other possible accessories for the bicycle include front and rear lights,
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Wilber, C.; Holland, G.; Madison, R.; Loy, S. (2007). "An Epidemiological Analysis of Overuse Injuries Among Recreational Cyclists".
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tradition, view the safety, practicality, and intent of such facilities with suspicion. They favor a more holistic approach based on
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350:, which provide some level of motorized assist for the rider. There are additional variations of bikes and types of biking as well.
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Shortly after the introduction of bicycles, competitions developed independently in many parts of the world. Early races involving
925:, mountain bikes saw a surge in popularity in the US, with some vendors reporting that they were sold out of bikes under US$ 1000.
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those that did not actively commute. This model estimated that public healthcare costs would reduce by 5% over a 10-year period.
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Silbert, P. L.; Dunne, J. W.; Edis, R. H.; Stewart-Wynne, E. G. (1991). "Bicycling induced pudendal nerve pressure neuropathy".
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Taddei, Cristina; Gnesotto, Roberto; Forni, Silvia; Bonaccorsi, Guglielmo; Vannucci, Andrea; Garofalo, Giorgio (30 April 2015).
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Palmer, Jacob E.; Levy, Susan S.; Nichols, Jeanne F. (2003). "Low bone mineral density in highly trained male master cyclists".
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Many cyclists suffer from overuse injuries to the knees, affecting cyclists at all levels. These are caused by many factors:
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3326:"The climate change mitigation impacts of active travel: Evidence from a longitudinal panel study in seven European cities"
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Cycling is widely regarded as an effective and efficient mode of transportation optimal for short to moderate distances.
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transport as well as the use of a bicycle in a commercial activity, mainly to transport goods, mostly accomplished in an
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Within western societies the demographic of those who cycle is often not representative of broader society. Research by
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of every jurisdiction, including the question of liability of users in a collision. There is also some debate about the
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The last country known to maintain a regiment of bicycle troops was Switzerland, which disbanded its last unit in 2003.
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Karssemeijer, E. G. A.; Bossers, W. J. R.; Aaronson, J. A.; Kessels, R. P. C.; Olde Rikkert, M. G. M. (21 March 2017).
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1326:(for other HPVs, or human-powered vehicles). Cycling for transport and touring is promoted on a European level by the
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3369:"Perceptions of Bicycle-Friendly Policy Impacts on Accessibility to Transit Services: The First and Last Mile Bridge"
1490:, one response that has been adopted by many organizations concerned with health and environment is the promotion of
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5872:"Subclinical responses in healthy cyclists briefly exposed to traffic-related air pollution: An intervention study"
1817:
1388:
490:
Beyond simply riding, another skill is riding efficiently and safely in traffic. One popular approach to riding in
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1102:
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5494:
3553:
Stalzer, Steve; Wahoff, Michael; Scanlan, Molly; Draovitch, Pete (2005). "Rehabilitation After Hip Arthroscopy".
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1946:
1912:
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1723:
1417:
781:
5779:"Comparison of air pollution exposure for five commuting modes in Sydney – car, train, bus, bicycle and walking"
5598:
Schrader, Steven M.; Breitenstein, Michael J.; Lowe, Brian D. (2008). "Cutting off the Nose to Save the Penis".
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found those who cover more than 186 miles (300 km) a week on their bikes have less than 4% normal looking
1535:
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714:
4885:"All-Cause Mortality Associated with Physical Activity During Leisure Time, Work, Sports, and Cycling to Work"
4857:
1707:
shape, size and position, and negative effects of extended use of less than optimal seats or configurations.
1296:
lobbied for the improvement of roads in the last part of the 19th century, founding and leading the national
1034:, and time trial to multi-stage events like the Tour de France and its sister events which make up cycling's
822:
where cyclists are not bothered by cars and other traffic, which makes it ideal for cycling recreation. Many
6685:
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2366:"wetten.nl – Wet- en regelgeving – Reglement verkeersregels en verkeerstekens 1990 (RVV 1990) – BWBR0004825"
1951:
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2437:
2224:"How to 'do' a bike plan: Collating best practices to synthesise a Maturity Model of planning for cycling"
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560:. Others share priority with cyclists so as to encourage more cycling by applying varying combinations of
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377:
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180:. Germany used bicycles again in World War II, while the British employed airborne "Cycle-commandos" with
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4808:"Road Casualties Great Britain 2007 – Annual Report (page 82, "Fatality rates by mode of travel")"
4755:
Horton, D. (2007) Fear of Cycling. In p. Rosen, P. Cox, Horton, D. Cycling and Society. London: Ashgate
2961:"What are the barriers to cycling amongst ethnic minority groups and people from deprived backgrounds?"
6633:
4958:
The driver was the guilty party in 57 cases (68.7%) and the cyclist in the remaining 26 cases (31.3%).
3932:
Leyland, Louise-Ann; Spencer, Ben; Beale, Nick; Jones, Tim; Reekum, Carien M. van (20 February 2019).
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principles and eliminate pressure from the saddle and handlebars, due to the relaxed riding position.
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1974:
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941:(the Netherlands) is one of the few marching bands around the world which also performs on bicycles.
57:
31:
5931:"Air pollution as a risk factor in health impact assessments of a travel mode shift towards cycling"
5281:
Leibovitch, Ilan; Mor, Yoram (2005). "The Vicious Cycling: Bicycling Related Urogenital Disorders".
2483:
2255:
Ito, K.; Biljecki, F. (2021). "Assessing bikeability with street view imagery and computer vision".
1408:
Heavily equipped London cyclist: specialist cycle clothing, pollution mask, dark glasses and helmet.
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Cycling has also been shown to be effective adjunct therapy in certain mental health conditions.
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Items legally required in some jurisdictions, or voluntarily adopted for safety reasons, include
145:
42:
6573:
4295:
McLeod, William D.; Blackburn, T.A. (1980). "Biomechanics of knee rehabilitation with cycling".
2570:"Using police bicycle patrols to manage social order in bicycle and pedestrian traffic networks"
459:
Bikes can also be heavily customized, with different seat designs and handle bars, for example.
4467:"Cats and dogs, bikes and milkweed: Illinois adds more state symbols beginning in the new year"
4093:
Oja, P.; Titze, S.; Bauman, A.; Geus, B. de; Krenn, P.; Reger-Nash, B.; Kohlberger, T. (2011).
3258:
1416:
gained from cycling is generally linked with increased health and well-being. According to the
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to the average time spent cycling, totaling to approximately 6500 deaths prevented by cycling.
1192:(to facilitate travel while respecting every person's equal right to do so). Some groups offer
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3270:
3228:"HowStuffWorks "Is there a way to compare a human being to an engine in terms of efficiency?""
3068:
3019:
2942:
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2707:
2689:
2668:"The Effect of Improving Cycleway Environment on the Recreational Benefits of Bicycle Tourism"
2648:
2630:
2609:"The Effect of Improving Cycleway Environment on the Recreational Benefits of Bicycle Tourism"
2025:
1994:
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Raza, Wasif; Forsberg, Bertil; Johansson, Christer; Sommar, Johan Nilsson (5 February 2018).
3834:
Kay Teschke; Conor C.O. Reynolds; Francis J. Ries; Brian Gouge; Meghan Winters (March 2012).
2811:
2075:
1959:
1925:
1891:
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Some bicycle activists (including some traffic management advisers) seek the construction of
342:, designed for use on gravel roads or trails, but with the ability to ride well on pavement;
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Schepers, Paul; Twisk, Divera; Fishman, Elliot; Fyhri, Aslak; Jensen, Anne (February 2017).
3739:
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4490:
Leyland, Louise-Ann; Spencer, Ben; Beale, Nick; Jones, Tim; van Reekum, Carien M. (2019).
4273:
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53:
4972:"Rising cyclist death toll is mainly due to drivers, so change the road laws and culture"
2096:
1486:
As a response to the increased global sedentary lifestyles and consequent overweight and
5887:
5840:
4507:
4415:
3949:
3884:
3605:
2779:"Amid Cycling Surge, Sport Of Mountain Biking Is Seeing Increased Sales And Trail Usage"
7347:
6865:
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5963:
5930:
5906:
5871:
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4534:
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4399:
3976:
3933:
3744:
3711:
3687:
3662:
3422:
3397:
2702:
2667:
2643:
2608:
2090:"This version of the web site is now archived – Cette version du site web est archivée"
2057:
1704:
1597:
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1443:
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1004:
953:
757:, Germany workers use bicycles, color-coded by department, to move around the factory.
729:
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can also be customized to better suit the rider's strength in relation to the terrain.
445:
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358:
343:
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250:
243:
236:
229:
2853:
2505:
Antón-González, Laura; Pans, Miquel; Devís-Devís, José; González, Luis-Millán (2023).
2326:
1318:(merged with the United States Cycling Federation in 1995) in the United States, (for
7584:
6375:
6355:
6297:
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of meeting at a set location and time and traveling as a group through city streets.
1211:
1087:
1055:
1051:
999:
864:
750:
588:
544:
491:
476:
453:
449:
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264:
105:
35:
5856:
5394:"Health effects of the London bicycle sharing system: Health impact modelling study"
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4332:
4233:
4190:
4136:
3918:
3647:
3342:
3325:
2340:
1121:
automobile use, is relatively undisputed, the second is the subject of much debate.
1007:. This began in 1903, and continues to capture the attention of the sporting world.
587:
In areas in which cycling is popular and encouraged, cycle-parking facilities using
506:
483:
in the UK. Education for adult cyclists is available from organizations such as the
7529:
7332:
7289:
6541:
6405:
6182:
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3014:
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426:
406:
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181:
177:
117:
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4937:
3473:
3308:
3291:
1990:
5777:
Chertok, Michael; Voukelatos, Alexander; Sheppeard, Vicky; Rissel, Chris (2004).
5294:
4901:
4884:
4516:
4424:
3958:
3892:
3613:
518:. Bike paths are dedicated for cyclists and provide shelter from vehicle traffic.
7439:
6461:
6451:
6390:
6340:
6240:
6235:
6137:
5442:
5064:
5047:
4153:
Shephard, Roy J (2008). "Is Active Commuting the Answer to Population Health?".
3457:
3227:
2021:
1807:
1802:
1661:
1539:
1351:
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and encouraging more people to cycle. Some activists, especially those from the
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1157:
1063:
1043:
1023:
984:
960:
819:
788:
596:
573:
480:
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46:
5569:
5543:
4987:
In Australia, drivers are to blame for at least 79% of accidents with cyclists.
4308:
3787:
2240:
2223:
2138:
776:
634:
7554:
7372:
6456:
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1765:
1688:
1677:
1542:
venerated as the holy protector of bicyclists on the roads of the mountainous
1015:
880:
and maintenance tools. Routes can vary by as much as 100 miles (160 km).
709:
698:
584:, bicycle travel on a few city roads was banned temporarily in December 2003.
422:
125:
5954:
5730:
5124:
5073:
4883:
Andersen, Lars Bo; Schnohr, Peter; Schroll, Marianne; Hein, Hans Ole (2000).
4767:"Exposure measurement in bicycle safety analysis: A review of the literature"
4705:
4646:
4589:
4525:
4433:
4368:
4316:
4174:
4120:
3967:
3735:
3727:
3631:
3574:
3491:
3072:
3023:
2946:
2693:
2634:
2585:
1998:
6370:
6302:
5320:
4492:"The effect of cycling on cognitive function and well-being in older adults"
3934:"The effect of cycling on cognitive function and well-being in older adults"
1435:
1347:
1331:
1161:
1153:
1075:
1059:
1031:
995:
968:
906:
began in the 1970s, originally as a downhill sport, practised on customized
891:
Some organized rides are entirely social events. One example is the monthly
815:
742:
718:
694:
680:
569:
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511:
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is sufficient for a beginner, although many utility bikes are equipped with
121:
113:
109:
68:
5972:
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5427:
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4182:
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3985:
3910:
3753:
3696:
3639:
3622:
3431:
3352:
3202:"Velo Mondial: The premier global sustainable mobility and cycling network"
2900:
2711:
2684:
2652:
2625:
895:
which can reach attendance of one to two thousand riders in Summer months.
746:
671:
5681:
5233:
5225:
4324:
3150:"Freewheeling to equality: how cycling helped women on the road to rights"
319:
In many countries, the most commonly used vehicle for road transport is a
17:
7342:
7251:
7221:
7198:
6109:
6104:
5695:
5392:
Woodcock, J.; Tainio, M.; Cheshire, J.; O'Brien, O.; Goodman, A. (2014).
3796:
3710:
Fishman, Elliot; Schepers, Paul; Kamphuis, Carlijn Barbara Maria (2015).
1715:
1620:
1426:
1255:
922:
650:
381:
373:
191:, communist forces used bicycles extensively as cargo carriers along the
129:
3678:
3592:
and social contact measures: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study".
1940:
1906:
1404:
1082:
has also reached international popularity and is even an Olympic sport.
448:, and audible signalling devices such as a bell or horn. Extras include
7256:
7246:
6250:
6054:
5722:
CDC – The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
2937:
2920:
2301:"Why are Fewer People Bicycling if the Economic Benefits are so Clear?"
1872:
1624:
1487:
1258:. The bicycle has acted as a means for women's liberation and thus has
1116:
Many broad and correlated themes run in bicycle activism: one is about
973:
938:
853:
472:
365:
313:
207:
97:
5186:. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. 2015. Archived from
4580:
3901:
3249:
Komanoff, Charles (2004). "Bicycling". In Cleveland, Cutler J. (ed.).
3102:
2480:"Why I Ride My Bike to Work, by the Prime Minister of the Netherlands"
1695:, where normal adult males would be expected to have from 15% to 20%.
832: — four days of organised cycling through the local environment.
810:
One popular Dutch pleasure is the enjoyment of relaxed cycling in the
745:
use bicycles to deliver home cooked lunches to the city's workers. In
7241:
5698:. United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
5409:
3712:"Dutch Cycling: Quantifying the Health and Related Economic Benefits"
3456:
Götschi, Thomas; Garrard, Jan; Giles-Corti, Billie (2 January 2016).
1471:
and maintain the widest range of motion possible with limited pain.
1110:
915:
741:
who deliver documents and small packages. In India, many of Mumbai's
623:
564:
measures to limit the impact of motorized transport, and by building
5797:
4064:
Hillman, Mayhew; Morgan, David; British Medical Association (1992).
2113:
1650:
Too many hills, or too many miles, too early in the training season.
1566:
Injuries (to cyclists, from cycling) can be divided into two types:
1221:
among activists. The most heated controversy surrounds the topic of
1164:
for journeys of all lengths and point to their success in promoting
5153:. The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents. Archived from
5101:"Why cities with high bicycling rates are safer for all road users"
2269:
2012:
Reid, Carlton (2017). "How Cyclists Became Invisible (1905–1939)".
1042:
were banned from bike races in 1934 after Marcel Berthet set a new
475:
as they apply to cyclists. In some countries these may be known as
7484:
4765:
Vanparijs, J; Int Panis, L; Meeusen, R; De Geus, B (August 2015).
3458:"Cycling as a Part of Daily Life: A Review of Health Perspectives"
2135:"Trek Bicycle: The world's best bikes for road, mountain, or town"
1714:
knee pain, while setting the saddle too low can cause pain in the
1692:
1614:
1602:
1534:
1473:
1403:
1275:
1123:
1101:
967:
959:
948:
882:
811:
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670:
642:
in the Netherlands, keeping cyclists away from traffic as seen in
633:
616:
539:
527:
505:
299:
285:
257:
79:
73:
62:
4861:
3047:"Educational Differences in Cycling: Evidence from German Cities"
2672:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
2613:
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
2197:"Bicycle Helmet Laws In The US – The Complete List – Yes Cycling"
780:
In the Netherlands, bicycles are freely available for use in the
368:
components of the bike should also be considered. A middle grade
4860:. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Archived from
1592:
Although a majority of bicycle collisions occur during the day,
1551:
1203:
1202:
is an event typically held on the last Friday of every month in
705:
275:
7488:
7171:
6545:
5985:
5021:"Risky cycling rarely to blame for bike accidents, study finds"
1350:
and rural trails. Cycling also offers a reduced consumption of
120:. Cycling is practised around the world for purposes including
6220:
2341:"Santander Cycles: London's self-service, bike-sharing scheme"
1425:
is a "highly suitable activity" for this purpose. The charity
346:, which are designed for more rugged, undulating terrain; and
30:"Bicycling" and "Biking" redirect here. For the magazine, see
3205:
1644:
Incorrect bicycle fit or adjustment, particularly the saddle.
814:
of the Netherlands. The land is very flat and full of public
425:. Cycling can be more efficient and comfortable with special
737:
many outside it, support a sizeable and visible industry of
708:
of many countries have long relied on bicycles. The British
7167:
3661:
De Hartog, J. J.; Boogaard, H; Nijland, H; Hoek, G (2010).
3175:
2507:"Cycling in urban environments: Quantitative text analysis"
2072:"European Cyclists' Federation – Cycling facts and figures"
551:. Many students at the university opt to travel by bicycle.
5981:
5635:
American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
2222:
McLeod, Sam; Babb, Courtney; Barlow, Steve (21 May 2020).
1196:
to help cyclists integrate themselves with other traffic.
693:
Utility cycling refers both to cycling as a mode of daily
631:
each additional 30 minutes until the bicycle is returned.
2396:"The Netherlands boast almost 35.000 km of cycling paths"
1559:
are just over double for cycling than those for walking.
4802:
4800:
4099:
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
2919:
Sabyrbekov, Rahat; Overland, Indra (21 September 2020).
2839:
One Less Car: Bicycling and the Politics of Automobility
2456:. U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. 2014. Archived from
1391:
is often safer than in other parts of the world, so the
1362:, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and greatly reduced
649:
In the Netherlands, many roads have one or two separate
5000:"Most bike crashes involve drivers overtaking cyclists"
3663:"Do the Health Benefits of Cycling Outweigh the Risks?"
2877:"Bicycle helmet legislation: Can we reach a consensus?"
1310:
As a sport, cycling is governed internationally by the
887:
San Jose Bike Party in San Jose, California (July 2019)
405:
For basic maintenance and repairs cyclists can carry a
5751:. Monash Institute of Medical Research. Archived from
4027:. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cdc.gov)
2228:
Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives
1334:; global conferences are coordinated by Velo Mondial.
1206:
around the world where bicyclists take to the streets
5147:"Cycling Accidents Facts & Figures – August 2014"
5048:"Car-pedestrian and car-cyclist accidents in Hungary"
4834:. Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Archived from
3519:"A Physically Active Life through Everyday Transport"
3292:"Cycling towards a more sustainable transport future"
2257:
Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies
1731:
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
5468:"Avoid Repetitive Knee Injuries While Riding A Bike"
5099:
Marshall, Wesley E.; Ferenchak, Nicholas N. (2019).
2752:"Mountain Biking Experiencing a Surge in Popularity"
2545:. London Ambulance Service NHS Trust. Archived from
547:
outside the Centre for Mathematical Sciences at the
390:
Many road bikes, along with mountain bikes, include
211:
7390:
7320:
7265:
7212:
7205:
7101:
6967:
6901:
6858:
6778:
6728:
6721:
6616:
6585:
6475:
6439:
6321:
6206:
6118:
6047:
2450:"CIA World Factbook | Field listing: Roadways"
721:, who can often get to the scene of an incident in
713:willing to use their uncomfortable motorbikes. The
6488:List of bicycle brands and manufacturing companies
5256:"Knee Pain in Cycling: New Twist on an old Injury"
3769:"The Dutch road to a high level of cycling safety"
3125:"Episode 45: StreetRidersNYC final web transcript"
1939:
1905:
1871:
417:), a puncture repair kit, a spare inner tube, and
100:or other type of cycle. It encompasses the use of
5517:"Does Cycling Really Damage Men's Sexual Organs?"
4095:"Health benefits of cycling: a systematic review"
3378:. Mineta Transportation Institute. Archived from
1653:Poor training preparation for long touring rides.
807:or randonnée is an organized long-distance ride.
5696:"NIOSH -Bicycle Saddles and Reproductive Health"
5258:. BioMechanics. July–August 1996. Archived from
2482:. World Economic Forum. Ecowatch. Archived from
1637:to suffer from neck and shoulder pain than men.
622:A number of cities, including Paris, London and
41:"Cyclist" redirects here. For the magazine, see
6366:Bicycle transportation planning and engineering
5495:"Biking and Erectile Dysfunction: A Real Risk?"
4025:"Overweight and Obesity: Economic Consequences"
1703:Much work has been done to investigate optimal
1324:International Human Powered Vehicle Association
1136:It is generally agreed that improved local and
4349:Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
3843:University of British Columbia Medical Journal
2921:"Why Choose to Cycle in a Low-Income Country?"
799:Bicycles are used for recreation at all ages.
611:of the various types of separated facilities.
7500:
7183:
6557:
5997:
2914:
2912:
2910:
1420:(WHO), physical inactivity is second only to
658:from being emitted per kilometer of cycling.
615:functional cycling in cities can be found at
376:. If the rider plans a significant amount of
331:) and reducing air resistance at high speed.
8:
2607:Yeh; Lin; Hsiao; Huang (17 September 2019).
1736:Despite rumors to the contrary, there is no
1094:) by requiring a double triangle structure.
5593:
5591:
3524:. World health Organisation. Archived from
3398:"Three lessons for a better cycling future"
7507:
7493:
7485:
7209:
7190:
7176:
7168:
6725:
6564:
6550:
6542:
6004:
5990:
5982:
5387:
5385:
4813:. Department for Transport. Archived from
2434:Factsheet The Netherlands: cycling country
1563:higher mortality rate than those who did.
5962:
5905:
5895:
5729:
5417:
5063:
4900:
4695:
4654:
4636:
4579:
4533:
4515:
4441:
4423:
4110:
3975:
3957:
3900:
3795:
3743:
3686:
3621:
3481:
3421:
3351:
3341:
3307:
3230:. Auto.howstuffworks.com. 5 December 2000
3062:
3013:
2936:
2842:. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
2701:
2683:
2642:
2624:
2522:
2268:
2239:
1975:"Cycling, modernity and national culture"
1668:in the wrist, the genitourinary tract or
1442:Cycling while seated is a relatively non-
725:more quickly than a motorized ambulance.
6508:List of films about bicycles and cycling
5443:"BBC: Elite cyclists 'risk infertility'"
5214:International Journal of Sports Medicine
4274:"Sit or Stand: Tradeoffs in Efficiency?"
1843:List of films about bicycles and cycling
1647:Incorrect adjustment of clipless pedals.
826:subscribe every year to an event called
444:, generator or battery operated lights,
312:Video of a recreational cycling ride in
4832:"Daily Travel by Walking and Bicycling"
4297:The American Journal of Sports Medicine
1863:
1188:(to protect the rights of others), and
619:, Europe's portal for local transport.
4560:Journal of Aging and Physical Activity
3513:
3511:
3509:
2161:"Custom Bike Builders: Groupe de Tete"
1050:(49.992 km on 18 November 1933).
976:of professional bicycle racers on the
5786:Health Promotion Journal of Australia
5046:Glász, Attila; Juhász, János (2017).
4148:
4146:
3586:
3584:
3548:
3546:
3290:Pucher, John; Buehler, Ralph (2017).
2998:"The unequal cycling boom in Germany"
2803:Union Cycliste International (2003).
394:to which special shoes attach, via a
7:
5317:"Bicycle Seat Neuropathy, follow up"
4858:"Fatality Analysis Reporting System"
4465:Herrmann, Brett (28 December 2017),
4276:. PEZ Cycling News. 21 November 2006
3836:"Bicycling: Health Risk or Benefit?"
3555:Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics
2327:"Shanghai ends reign of the bicycle"
1960:participating institution membership
1926:participating institution membership
1892:participating institution membership
1338:Cycling as a means of transportation
338:Other common types of bikes include
5670:Clinical and Experimental Neurology
5515:Brown, Jessica (16 February 2018).
1501:Illinois designated cycling as its
1245:movement are organizations such as
4771:Accident Analysis & Prevention
4066:Cycling: Towards Health and Safety
3367:Flamm, B.; Rivasplata, C. (2014).
2977:from the original on 28 March 2018
2881:Accident Analysis & Prevention
2303:. 18 December 2018. Archived from
1710:Excessive saddle height can cause
1434:especially helpful for those with
863:Most organized rides, for example
717:has recently introduced bicycling
25:
6493:List of BMX bicycle manufacturers
6090:History of cycling infrastructure
5323:. 8 February 2006. Archived from
5105:Journal of Transport & Health
4049:. sustrans.org.uk. Archived from
3716:American Journal of Public Health
3667:Environmental Health Perspectives
3095:"PeopleForBikes Racial Injustice"
2511:Journal of Transport & Health
1600:at night to increase visibility.
479:, or operated as schemes such as
45:. For the 1987 Iranian film, see
7471:
7470:
7275:High-intensity interval training
6572:
6526:
6525:
5647:10.1097/00002060-200306000-00013
5612:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00867.x
5493:Valeo, Tom (11 September 2007).
5441:Wilkinson, Emma (29 June 2009).
5360:10.2165/00007256-200434070-00001
5052:Transportation Research Procedia
4697:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.10.015
4167:10.2165/00007256-200838090-00004
4112:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01299.x
4047:"How transport can save the NHS"
3045:Hudde, Ansgar (6 January 2022).
2996:Hudde, Ansgar (1 January 2022).
2046:"Cycling Is Everyone's Business"
2016:. Island Press. pp. 19–50.
1973:Oosterhuis, Harry (2016-07-02).
1782:
1768:
1070:over or dismount and walk over.
274:
219:
34:. For the Frank Ocean song, see
6513:List of doping cases in cycling
6498:List of bicycle-sharing systems
5289:(3): 277–86, discussion 286–7.
4970:Chambers, Peter; Andrews, Tom.
4684:Journal of Psychiatric Research
3343:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2021.102224
2875:Robinson, D.L. (January 2007).
2666:Yeh; Lin; Hsiao; Huang (2019).
2568:Rantatalo, Oscar (March 2016).
2163:. bicycling.com. Archived from
2137:. Trekbikes.com. Archived from
1838:List of bicycle-sharing systems
1607:Bicyclist pedals uphill at the
56:. For the hockey strategy, see
5849:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.04.028
3267:10.1016/B0-12-176480-X/00185-6
3015:10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103244
3002:Journal of Transport Geography
638:The safe physically separated
532:A parking lot for bicycles in
174:march or "roll" through Malaya
96:, is the activity of riding a
52:For the sport of cycling, see
1:
5947:10.1080/16549716.2018.1429081
5746:"Testiclar Cancer Fact Sheet"
5570:"Cycling linked to impotence"
4938:10.1080/15389588.2015.1094183
4889:Archives of Internal Medicine
3474:10.1080/01441647.2015.1057877
3309:10.1080/01441647.2017.1340234
1991:10.1080/03071022.2016.1180897
1589:bicycles and motor vehicles.
1328:European Cyclists' Federation
1312:Union Cycliste Internationale
1305:European Cyclists' Federation
1282:Union Cycliste Internationale
935:Marching and Cycling Band HHK
485:League of American Bicyclists
5295:10.1016/j.eururo.2004.10.024
4902:10.1001/archinte.160.11.1621
4517:10.1371/journal.pone.0211779
4425:10.1371/journal.pone.0125491
3959:10.1371/journal.pone.0211779
3893:10.1016/j.envint.2018.08.002
3614:10.1016/j.envint.2018.08.002
5065:10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.085
3330:Global Environmental Change
2728:. Sonic.net. Archived from
2580:(1). SAGE Journals: 18–30.
2022:10.5822/978-1-61091-817-6_2
1294:League of American Wheelmen
7627:
6207:Sports-related cycling and
5600:Journal of Sexual Medicine
4309:10.1177/036354658000800306
4206:Osteoporosis International
3788:10.1016/j.ssci.2015.06.005
2726:"Clunkers Among the Hills"
2241:10.1016/j.trip.2020.100130
1818:Cycling in the Netherlands
1676:are designed on different
1528:
1389:Cycling in the Netherlands
1269:
1184:(to apply the education),
982:
792:Tour de Fat group ride in
769:
686:
521:
205:
157:
143:
78:Children riding a bike in
51:
40:
29:
7525:
7468:
6521:
6351:Bicycle poverty reduction
6019:
5117:10.1016/j.jth.2019.03.004
4926:Traffic Injury Prevention
4783:10.1016/j.aap.2015.08.007
4638:10.1186/s12877-017-0464-x
4361:10.1007/s00167-013-2664-z
4218:10.1007/s00198-003-1418-z
3873:Environment International
3594:Environment International
3567:10.1053/j.oto.2005.06.007
3414:10.1136/bmj.321.7276.1582
3064:10.1177/00380385211063366
2893:10.1016/j.aap.2006.06.007
2805:"UCI Cycling Regulations"
2524:10.1016/j.jth.2023.101651
2279:10.1016/j.trc.2021.103371
1947:Oxford English Dictionary
1913:Oxford English Dictionary
1879:Oxford English Dictionary
1748:Exposure to air pollution
1724:pudendal nerve entrapment
1672:may result from overuse.
1418:World Health Organization
1090:innovations (such as the
782:Hoge Veluwe National Park
6386:Bike Week (Bicycle Week)
5731:10.26616/NIOSHPUB2010163
3728:10.2105/ajph.2015.302724
2586:10.1177/0032258X16639426
2543:London Ambulance Service
2429:13 November 2015 at the
2179:"SPIN Custom...7.04 lbs"
2114:"Types of Biking - Gorp"
1217:There is a long-running
1180:(of everyone involved),
715:London Ambulance Service
7423:Neurobiological effects
5829:Atmospheric Environment
4070:Oxford University Press
1952:Oxford University Press
1918:Oxford University Press
1884:Oxford University Press
1687:A Spanish study of top
1670:bicycle seat neuropathy
1503:official state exercise
1109:patrolling on bikes in
1012:Charles Minthorn Murphy
549:University of Cambridge
7535:Cycling infrastructure
6421:Protected intersection
6401:Cycling infrastructure
6143:Bicycle-sharing system
6085:History of the bicycle
5897:10.1186/1476-069X-9-64
4572:10.1123/japa.2017-0135
3253:Encyclopedia of Energy
2836:Furness, Zack (2010).
2685:10.3390/ijerph16183460
2626:10.3390/ijerph16183460
1628:
1612:
1546:
1483:
1452:cycling while standing
1409:
1285:
1143:cycling infrastructure
1133:
1118:advocating the bicycle
1113:
1078:. In the past decade,
980:
965:
964:Bicycle racing in 1909
957:
888:
796:
785:
684:
675:A bicycle loaded with
646:
626:, now have successful
552:
537:
524:Cycling infrastructure
519:
380:, a triple-chainrings
316:
102:human-powered vehicles
82:
71:
7606:Sustainable transport
6483:List of bicycle types
6467:Sustainable transport
6226:Cross-country cycling
6209:fast-paced recreation
6048:General and technical
5226:10.1055/s-2007-972992
4727:Seaton, Matt (2006).
3483:10536/DRO/DU:30078063
3257:. Elsevier. pp.
1828:Fancy Women Bike Ride
1740:linking cycling with
1618:
1606:
1598:safety when bicycling
1538:
1529:Further information:
1477:
1407:
1279:
1223:compulsory helmet use
1127:
1105:
971:
963:
952:
886:
791:
779:
674:
637:
543:
531:
509:
311:
77:
66:
6713:United Arab Emirates
5935:Global Health Action
5876:Environmental Health
5262:on 28 September 2007
4733:Black Dog Publishing
4248:"Bicycling and Pain"
3531:on 28 September 2009
2486:on 29 September 2019
2185:on 14 November 2011.
2167:on 25 February 2007.
2078:on 20 November 2015.
2051:12 June 2018 at the
2044:SIBILSKI, LESZEK J.
1446:exercise that, like
1280:Headquarters of the
1080:mountain bike racing
1048:Velodyne streamliner
58:Cycling (ice hockey)
32:Bicycling (magazine)
7611:Symbols of Illinois
7601:Emissions reduction
7570:Bicycle cooperative
7450:Outline of exercise
7418:Exercise physiology
7305:Suspension training
7295:Bodyweight exercise
6580:by country and city
6293:Road bicycle racing
6163:Cold-weather biking
6138:Bicycle rental/hire
6075:Bicycle performance
5888:2010EnvHe...9...64J
5841:2010AtmEn..44.2263I
5327:on 17 February 2006
5157:on 26 November 2016
4864:on 19 November 2008
4508:2019PLoSO..1411779L
4416:2015PLoSO..1025491T
4254:on 23 December 2010
4000:"Physical activity"
3950:2019PLoSO..1411779L
3885:2018EnInt.120..199A
3815:on 17 December 2019
3679:10.1289/ehp.0901747
3606:2018EnInt.120..199A
3396:Wardlaw MJ (2000).
3385:on 6 February 2014.
2970:. 1 November 2011.
2460:on 26 December 2018
2141:on 26 February 2012
2102:on 5 February 2015.
1950:(Online ed.).
1916:(Online ed.).
1882:(Online ed.).
1853:Outline of bicycles
1738:scientific evidence
1596:is recommended for
1576:Overuse (intrinsic)
1298:Good Roads Movement
1290:energy conservation
1272:Cycling association
1254:within cycling and
1219:cycle helmet debate
1107:Metropolitan Police
893:San Jose Bike Party
7413:Exercise equipment
7408:Exercise and music
7358:Muscle hypertrophy
7267:Anaerobic exercise
7237:Endurance training
6447:Bicycle collecting
6322:Health, safety and
5807:on 5 February 2016
5544:"Cycle of despair"
5193:on 9 December 2016
5027:. 15 December 2009
3852:on 20 October 2016
3105:on 18 January 2022
2968:content.tfl.gov.uk
2938:10.3390/su12187775
2574:The Police Journal
2329:. 9 December 2003.
1833:History of cycling
1674:Recumbent bicycles
1629:
1613:
1557:per hour of travel
1547:
1484:
1410:
1393:risk-benefit ratio
1364:traffic congestion
1286:
1243:Black Lives Matter
1149:cities and roads.
1134:
1114:
1040:Recumbent bicycles
981:
978:Golden Gate Bridge
966:
958:
889:
873:reliability trials
867:(or gran fondos),
797:
786:
730:bicycles by police
685:
647:
593:attachment devices
553:
538:
520:
317:
146:History of cycling
83:
72:
43:Cyclist (magazine)
7578:
7577:
7545:Bicycle commuting
7540:Vehicular cycling
7482:
7481:
7386:
7385:
7353:Interval training
7328:Athletic training
7300:Flywheel training
7285:Strength training
7165:
7164:
6963:
6962:
6539:
6538:
6431:Vehicular cycling
6198:Vehicular cycling
6133:Bicycle messenger
6128:Bicycle commuting
5835:(19): 2263–2270.
5758:on 3 October 2008
4820:on 11 April 2009.
4742:978-1-904772-40-8
4079:978-0-19-286151-1
4053:on 12 March 2007.
3462:Transport Reviews
3296:Transport Reviews
3276:978-0-12-176480-7
2849:978-1-59213-613-1
2539:"Cycle Responder"
2031:978-1-61091-872-5
1958:(Subscription or
1924:(Subscription or
1890:(Subscription or
1742:testicular cancer
1480:Prins Hendrikkade
1414:physical exercise
1260:links to feminism
1247:Street Riders NYC
1170:vehicular cycling
1092:recumbent bicycle
834:Paris–Brest–Paris
699:urban environment
628:bike hire schemes
582:mode of transport
496:vehicular cycling
473:rules of the road
309:
298:
297:
193:Ho Chi Minh Trail
166:horses in warfare
134:competitive sport
16:(Redirected from
7618:
7596:Aerobic exercise
7509:
7502:
7495:
7486:
7474:
7473:
7460:Physical fitness
7455:Physical culture
7430:Exercise mimetic
7368:Physical therapy
7338:Circuit training
7232:Distance running
7214:Aerobic exercise
7210:
7192:
7185:
7178:
7169:
6726:
6576:
6566:
6559:
6552:
6543:
6529:
6528:
6503:List of cyclists
6396:Cycling advocacy
6381:Bike-to-Work Day
6336:Bicycle-friendly
6216:Artistic cycling
6158:Challenge riding
6119:Utility and slow
6080:Electric bicycle
6070:Bicycle geometry
6065:Bicycle dynamics
6006:
5999:
5992:
5983:
5977:
5976:
5966:
5926:
5920:
5919:
5909:
5899:
5867:
5861:
5860:
5823:
5817:
5816:
5814:
5812:
5806:
5800:. Archived from
5783:
5774:
5768:
5767:
5765:
5763:
5757:
5750:
5742:
5736:
5735:
5733:
5724:. October 2010.
5714:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5703:
5692:
5686:
5685:
5665:
5659:
5658:
5630:
5624:
5623:
5595:
5586:
5585:
5583:
5581:
5566:
5560:
5559:
5557:
5555:
5550:. 12 August 1998
5540:
5534:
5533:
5531:
5529:
5512:
5506:
5505:
5503:
5501:
5490:
5484:
5483:
5481:
5479:
5470:. Archived from
5464:
5458:
5457:
5455:
5453:
5438:
5432:
5431:
5421:
5410:10.1136/bmj.g425
5389:
5380:
5379:
5343:
5337:
5336:
5334:
5332:
5313:
5307:
5306:
5283:European Urology
5278:
5272:
5271:
5269:
5267:
5252:
5246:
5245:
5209:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5192:
5181:
5173:
5167:
5166:
5164:
5162:
5143:
5137:
5136:
5096:
5090:
5089:
5067:
5043:
5037:
5036:
5034:
5032:
5017:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5006:
4996:
4990:
4989:
4984:
4982:
4976:The Conversation
4967:
4961:
4960:
4921:
4915:
4914:
4904:
4880:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4869:
4854:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4828:
4822:
4821:
4819:
4812:
4804:
4795:
4794:
4762:
4756:
4753:
4747:
4746:
4724:
4718:
4717:
4699:
4675:
4669:
4668:
4658:
4640:
4616:
4610:
4609:
4583:
4554:
4548:
4547:
4537:
4519:
4487:
4481:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4462:
4456:
4455:
4445:
4427:
4395:
4389:
4388:
4343:
4337:
4336:
4292:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4270:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4250:. Archived from
4244:
4238:
4237:
4201:
4195:
4194:
4150:
4141:
4140:
4114:
4090:
4084:
4083:
4061:
4055:
4054:
4043:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4032:
4021:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4010:
3996:
3990:
3989:
3979:
3961:
3929:
3923:
3922:
3904:
3868:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3851:
3845:. Archived from
3840:
3831:
3825:
3824:
3822:
3820:
3814:
3808:. Archived from
3799:
3773:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3747:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3690:
3673:(8): 1109–1116.
3658:
3652:
3651:
3625:
3588:
3579:
3578:
3550:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3530:
3523:
3515:
3504:
3503:
3485:
3453:
3447:
3442:
3436:
3435:
3425:
3408:(7276): 1582–5.
3393:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3373:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3345:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3256:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3224:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3208:on 23 April 2010
3204:. Archived from
3198:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3187:
3172:
3166:
3165:
3163:
3161:
3146:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3135:
3121:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3101:. Archived from
3099:Racial Injustice
3091:
3085:
3084:
3066:
3042:
3036:
3035:
3017:
2993:
2987:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2976:
2965:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2940:
2916:
2905:
2904:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2861:
2852:. Archived from
2833:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2816:
2810:. Archived from
2809:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2789:
2774:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2732:on 27 April 2012
2722:
2716:
2715:
2705:
2687:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2646:
2628:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2565:
2559:
2558:
2556:
2554:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2476:
2470:
2469:
2467:
2465:
2446:
2440:
2435:
2422:
2416:
2415:
2413:
2411:
2402:. Archived from
2392:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2372:. Archived from
2362:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2337:
2331:
2330:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2272:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2181:. Archived from
2175:
2169:
2168:
2157:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2131:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2110:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2095:. Archived from
2094:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2074:. Archived from
2068:
2062:
2042:
2036:
2035:
2009:
2003:
2002:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1955:
1943:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1921:
1909:
1902:
1896:
1895:
1887:
1875:
1868:
1823:Cycling mobility
1813:Cycling advocacy
1792:
1790:Transport portal
1787:
1786:
1778:
1773:
1772:
1771:
1632:Overuse injuries
1594:bicycle lighting
1460:stationary cycle
1380:stationary bikes
1320:upright bicycles
1314:in Switzerland,
1194:training courses
1147:bicycle-friendly
921:In 2020, due to
908:cruiser bicycles
794:Portland, Oregon
454:bicycle computer
310:
278:
277:
267:
260:
253:
246:
239:
232:
223:
212:
160:Bicycle infantry
88:, also known as
27:Riding a bicycle
21:
7626:
7625:
7621:
7620:
7619:
7617:
7616:
7615:
7581:
7580:
7579:
7574:
7560:Bicycle trailer
7550:Utility bicycle
7521:
7513:
7483:
7478:
7464:
7445:Fitness culture
7435:Exercise trends
7382:
7363:Outdoor fitness
7316:
7310:Weight training
7261:
7201:
7196:
7166:
7161:
7119:New South Wales
7097:
6959:
6897:
6854:
6774:
6717:
6612:
6581:
6570:
6540:
6535:
6517:
6471:
6435:
6346:Bicycle parking
6331:Active mobility
6323:
6317:
6313:Unicycle trials
6308:Unicycle hockey
6271:Mountain biking
6208:
6202:
6193:Utility cycling
6188:Utility bicycle
6148:Bicycle touring
6120:
6114:
6060:Bicycle culture
6043:
6015:
6010:
5980:
5928:
5927:
5923:
5869:
5868:
5864:
5825:
5824:
5820:
5810:
5808:
5804:
5798:10.1071/HE04063
5781:
5776:
5775:
5771:
5761:
5759:
5755:
5748:
5744:
5743:
5739:
5716:
5715:
5711:
5701:
5699:
5694:
5693:
5689:
5667:
5666:
5662:
5632:
5631:
5627:
5597:
5596:
5589:
5579:
5577:
5568:
5567:
5563:
5553:
5551:
5542:
5541:
5537:
5527:
5525:
5522:TheGuardian.com
5514:
5513:
5509:
5499:
5497:
5492:
5491:
5487:
5477:
5475:
5474:on 13 July 2015
5466:
5465:
5461:
5451:
5449:
5440:
5439:
5435:
5391:
5390:
5383:
5348:Sports Medicine
5345:
5344:
5340:
5330:
5328:
5315:
5314:
5310:
5280:
5279:
5275:
5265:
5263:
5254:
5253:
5249:
5211:
5210:
5206:
5196:
5194:
5190:
5179:
5175:
5174:
5170:
5160:
5158:
5145:
5144:
5140:
5098:
5097:
5093:
5045:
5044:
5040:
5030:
5028:
5019:
5018:
5014:
5004:
5002:
4998:
4997:
4993:
4980:
4978:
4969:
4968:
4964:
4923:
4922:
4918:
4882:
4881:
4877:
4867:
4865:
4856:
4855:
4851:
4841:
4839:
4838:on 10 July 2009
4830:
4829:
4825:
4817:
4810:
4806:
4805:
4798:
4764:
4763:
4759:
4754:
4750:
4743:
4735:. p. 103.
4726:
4725:
4721:
4677:
4676:
4672:
4618:
4617:
4613:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4502:(2): e0211779.
4489:
4488:
4484:
4475:
4473:
4464:
4463:
4459:
4410:(4): e0125491.
4397:
4396:
4392:
4345:
4344:
4340:
4294:
4293:
4289:
4279:
4277:
4272:
4271:
4267:
4257:
4255:
4246:
4245:
4241:
4203:
4202:
4198:
4155:Sports Medicine
4152:
4151:
4144:
4092:
4091:
4087:
4080:
4063:
4062:
4058:
4045:
4044:
4040:
4030:
4028:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4008:
4006:
3998:
3997:
3993:
3944:(2): e0211779.
3931:
3930:
3926:
3870:
3869:
3865:
3855:
3853:
3849:
3838:
3833:
3832:
3828:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3771:
3766:
3765:
3761:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3590:
3589:
3582:
3552:
3551:
3544:
3534:
3532:
3528:
3521:
3517:
3516:
3507:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3443:
3439:
3395:
3394:
3390:
3382:
3371:
3366:
3365:
3361:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3277:
3248:
3247:
3243:
3233:
3231:
3226:
3225:
3221:
3211:
3209:
3200:
3199:
3195:
3185:
3183:
3174:
3173:
3169:
3159:
3157:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3133:
3131:
3129:The War on Cars
3123:
3122:
3118:
3108:
3106:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3044:
3043:
3039:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2963:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2918:
2917:
2908:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2859:
2857:
2850:
2835:
2834:
2830:
2820:
2818:
2817:on 4 March 2012
2814:
2807:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2787:
2785:
2776:
2775:
2771:
2761:
2759:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2735:
2733:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2665:
2664:
2660:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2552:
2550:
2549:on 2 April 2016
2537:
2536:
2532:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2489:
2487:
2478:
2477:
2473:
2463:
2461:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2433:
2431:Wayback Machine
2423:
2419:
2409:
2407:
2406:on 17 July 2014
2394:
2393:
2389:
2379:
2377:
2376:on 11 July 2015
2364:
2363:
2359:
2349:
2347:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2310:
2308:
2307:on 7 March 2019
2299:
2298:
2294:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2206:
2204:
2203:. 25 March 2017
2195:
2194:
2190:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2144:
2142:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2119:
2117:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2099:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2053:Wayback Machine
2043:
2039:
2032:
2011:
2010:
2006:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1957:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1923:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1889:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1848:Masters cycling
1798:Bicycle culture
1788:
1781:
1774:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1750:
1701:
1634:
1583:
1581:Physical trauma
1571:Physical trauma
1533:
1527:
1511:
1465:hip arthroscopy
1422:tobacco smoking
1402:
1376:
1360:noise pollution
1340:
1303:In Europe, the
1274:
1268:
1234:
1138:inter-city rail
1132:, 29 April 2005
1100:
987:
956:cyclists racing
947:
931:
912:Mount Tamalpais
904:Mountain biking
901:
869:Challenge Rides
846:
844:Organized rides
829:fietsvierdaagse
801:Bicycle touring
774:
772:Bicycle touring
768:
766:Bicycle touring
763:
706:postal services
691:
689:Utility cycling
677:tender coconuts
669:
664:
657:
562:traffic calming
526:
504:
469:
442:bicycle helmets
414:
392:clipless pedals
329:gluteus maximus
321:utility bicycle
300:
294:
293:
292:
288:material and a
279:
271:
270:
269:
268:
263:
261:
256:
254:
249:
247:
242:
240:
235:
233:
228:
224:
210:
204:
170:Second Boer War
162:
156:
148:
142:
61:
54:Cycling (sport)
50:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7624:
7622:
7614:
7613:
7608:
7603:
7598:
7593:
7583:
7582:
7576:
7575:
7573:
7572:
7567:
7562:
7557:
7552:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7526:
7523:
7522:
7514:
7512:
7511:
7504:
7497:
7489:
7480:
7479:
7469:
7466:
7465:
7463:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7437:
7432:
7427:
7426:
7425:
7415:
7410:
7405:
7400:
7394:
7392:
7388:
7387:
7384:
7383:
7381:
7380:
7375:
7370:
7365:
7360:
7355:
7350:
7348:Cross-training
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7324:
7322:
7318:
7317:
7315:
7314:
7313:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7282:
7277:
7271:
7269:
7263:
7262:
7260:
7259:
7254:
7249:
7244:
7239:
7234:
7229:
7224:
7218:
7216:
7207:
7203:
7202:
7197:
7195:
7194:
7187:
7180:
7172:
7163:
7162:
7160:
7159:
7158:
7157:
7147:
7146:
7145:
7131:
7126:
7116:
7105:
7103:
7099:
7098:
7096:
7095:
7094:
7093:
7092:
7091:
7083:
7082:
7081:
7076:
7068:
7067:
7066:
7056:
7055:
7054:
7046:
7045:
7044:
7038:Massachusetts
7036:
7035:
7034:
7026:
7025:
7024:
7014:
7013:
7012:
7007:
7002:
6989:
6988:
6987:
6977:
6971:
6969:
6965:
6964:
6961:
6960:
6958:
6957:
6956:
6955:
6945:
6940:
6939:
6938:
6933:
6923:
6922:
6921:
6911:
6905:
6903:
6899:
6898:
6896:
6895:
6894:
6893:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6868:
6862:
6860:
6856:
6855:
6853:
6852:
6851:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6823:United Kingdom
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6794:
6793:
6782:
6780:
6776:
6775:
6773:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6761:
6760:
6750:
6745:
6744:
6743:
6736:Czech Republic
6732:
6730:
6723:
6719:
6718:
6716:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6700:
6695:
6690:
6689:
6688:
6683:
6673:
6668:
6663:
6658:
6653:
6648:
6643:
6642:
6641:
6631:
6626:
6620:
6618:
6614:
6613:
6611:
6610:
6605:
6600:
6595:
6589:
6587:
6583:
6582:
6571:
6569:
6568:
6561:
6554:
6546:
6537:
6536:
6534:
6533:
6522:
6519:
6518:
6516:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6479:
6477:
6473:
6472:
6470:
6469:
6464:
6459:
6454:
6449:
6443:
6441:
6437:
6436:
6434:
6433:
6428:
6426:Tegelijk groen
6423:
6418:
6416:Lane splitting
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6393:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6361:Bicycle safety
6358:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6327:
6325:
6324:infrastructure
6319:
6318:
6316:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
6284:
6283:
6278:
6268:
6266:Gravel cycling
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6231:Cycle speedway
6228:
6223:
6218:
6212:
6210:
6204:
6203:
6201:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6168:Indoor cycling
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6124:
6122:
6116:
6115:
6113:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6100:Tandem bicycle
6097:
6092:
6087:
6082:
6077:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6051:
6049:
6045:
6044:
6042:
6041:
6040:
6039:
6034:
6026:
6020:
6017:
6016:
6011:
6009:
6008:
6001:
5994:
5986:
5979:
5978:
5941:(1): 1429081.
5921:
5862:
5818:
5769:
5737:
5709:
5687:
5660:
5641:(6): 479–484.
5625:
5606:(8): 1932–40.
5587:
5561:
5535:
5507:
5485:
5459:
5433:
5381:
5338:
5308:
5273:
5247:
5204:
5168:
5138:
5091:
5038:
5012:
4991:
4962:
4932:(4): 394–399.
4916:
4895:(11): 1621–8.
4875:
4849:
4823:
4796:
4757:
4748:
4741:
4719:
4670:
4625:BMC Geriatrics
4611:
4566:(4): 614–623.
4549:
4482:
4457:
4390:
4355:(4): 848–859.
4338:
4303:(3): 175–180.
4287:
4265:
4239:
4196:
4161:(9): 751–758.
4142:
4105:(4): 496–509.
4085:
4078:
4056:
4038:
4016:
3991:
3924:
3863:
3826:
3776:Safety Science
3759:
3722:(8): e13–e15.
3702:
3653:
3580:
3561:(3): 280–289.
3542:
3505:
3448:
3437:
3388:
3359:
3315:
3302:(6): 689–694.
3282:
3275:
3241:
3219:
3193:
3182:. 14 July 2021
3167:
3156:. 18 June 2015
3141:
3116:
3086:
3057:(5): 909–929.
3037:
2988:
2952:
2925:Sustainability
2906:
2867:
2856:on 27 May 2010
2848:
2828:
2795:
2777:Newcomb, Tim.
2769:
2758:. 24 June 2020
2743:
2717:
2658:
2599:
2560:
2530:
2497:
2471:
2441:
2417:
2400:fietsberaad.nl
2387:
2357:
2332:
2318:
2292:
2247:
2214:
2188:
2170:
2152:
2126:
2105:
2081:
2063:
2061:, 2 April 2015
2058:The World Bank
2037:
2030:
2004:
1985:(3): 233–248.
1979:Social History
1965:
1931:
1897:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1779:
1763:
1760:
1749:
1746:
1705:bicycle saddle
1700:
1699:Saddle related
1697:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1633:
1630:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1544:Basque Country
1531:Bicycle safety
1526:
1525:Bicycle safety
1523:
1510:
1507:
1444:weight bearing
1401:
1398:
1375:
1374:Health effects
1372:
1339:
1336:
1284:in Switzerland
1270:Main article:
1267:
1264:
1233:
1230:
1128:San Francisco
1099:
1096:
1052:Track bicycles
1005:Tour de France
983:Main article:
954:Tour de France
946:
943:
930:
927:
900:
897:
865:cyclosportives
845:
842:
816:bicycle trails
770:Main article:
767:
764:
762:
759:
739:cycle couriers
723:Central London
687:Main article:
668:
665:
663:
660:
655:
589:bicycle stands
545:Bicycle stands
503:
502:Infrastructure
500:
477:bicycle rodeos
468:
465:
412:
344:mountain bikes
296:
295:
273:
272:
262:
255:
248:
241:
234:
227:
226:
225:
218:
217:
216:
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206:Main article:
203:
200:
158:Main article:
155:
152:
144:Main article:
141:
138:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7623:
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7110:
7107:
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7104:
7100:
7090:
7087:
7086:
7084:
7080:
7077:
7075:
7074:New York City
7072:
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7069:
7065:
7062:
7061:
7060:
7057:
7053:
7050:
7049:
7047:
7043:
7040:
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7037:
7033:
7030:
7029:
7027:
7023:
7020:
7019:
7018:
7015:
7011:
7008:
7006:
7005:San Francisco
7003:
7001:
6998:
6997:
6995:
6994:
6993:
6992:United States
6990:
6986:
6983:
6982:
6981:
6978:
6976:
6973:
6972:
6970:
6968:North America
6966:
6954:
6951:
6950:
6949:
6946:
6944:
6941:
6937:
6934:
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6892:
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6882:
6879:
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6857:
6849:
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6826:
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6816:
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6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
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6799:
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6792:
6789:
6788:
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6777:
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6759:
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6709:
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6704:
6701:
6699:
6696:
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6687:
6684:
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6679:
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6672:
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6659:
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6654:
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6649:
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6644:
6640:
6637:
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6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6621:
6619:
6615:
6609:
6606:
6604:
6601:
6599:
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6588:
6584:
6579:
6575:
6567:
6562:
6560:
6555:
6553:
6548:
6547:
6544:
6532:
6524:
6523:
6520:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6480:
6478:
6474:
6468:
6465:
6463:
6460:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6444:
6442:
6438:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6376:Bike registry
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6357:
6356:Bicycle rodeo
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6328:
6326:
6320:
6314:
6311:
6309:
6306:
6304:
6301:
6299:
6298:Track cycling
6296:
6294:
6291:
6289:
6286:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6273:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6246:Cyclosportive
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6213:
6211:
6205:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6178:Randonneuring
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6129:
6126:
6125:
6123:
6117:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6083:
6081:
6078:
6076:
6073:
6071:
6068:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6052:
6050:
6046:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6029:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6021:
6018:
6014:
6007:
6002:
6000:
5995:
5993:
5988:
5987:
5984:
5974:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5956:
5952:
5948:
5944:
5940:
5936:
5932:
5925:
5922:
5917:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5893:
5889:
5885:
5881:
5877:
5873:
5866:
5863:
5858:
5854:
5850:
5846:
5842:
5838:
5834:
5830:
5822:
5819:
5803:
5799:
5795:
5791:
5787:
5780:
5773:
5770:
5754:
5747:
5741:
5738:
5732:
5727:
5723:
5719:
5713:
5710:
5697:
5691:
5688:
5683:
5679:
5675:
5671:
5664:
5661:
5656:
5652:
5648:
5644:
5640:
5636:
5629:
5626:
5621:
5617:
5613:
5609:
5605:
5601:
5594:
5592:
5588:
5576:. 7 June 1999
5575:
5571:
5565:
5562:
5549:
5545:
5539:
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5524:
5523:
5518:
5511:
5508:
5496:
5489:
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5473:
5469:
5463:
5460:
5448:
5444:
5437:
5434:
5429:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5395:
5388:
5386:
5382:
5377:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5361:
5357:
5354:(7): 419–25.
5353:
5349:
5342:
5339:
5326:
5322:
5318:
5312:
5309:
5304:
5300:
5296:
5292:
5288:
5284:
5277:
5274:
5261:
5257:
5251:
5248:
5243:
5239:
5235:
5231:
5227:
5223:
5219:
5215:
5208:
5205:
5189:
5185:
5184:www.nhtsa.gov
5178:
5172:
5169:
5156:
5152:
5151:www.rospa.com
5148:
5142:
5139:
5134:
5130:
5126:
5122:
5118:
5114:
5110:
5106:
5102:
5095:
5092:
5088:
5087:individually.
5083:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5057:
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5049:
5042:
5039:
5026:
5022:
5016:
5013:
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4992:
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4977:
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4955:
4951:
4947:
4943:
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4935:
4931:
4927:
4920:
4917:
4912:
4908:
4903:
4898:
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4879:
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4859:
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4824:
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4809:
4803:
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4797:
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4784:
4780:
4776:
4772:
4768:
4761:
4758:
4752:
4749:
4744:
4738:
4734:
4730:
4729:On Your Bike!
4723:
4720:
4715:
4711:
4707:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4689:
4685:
4681:
4674:
4671:
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4569:
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4518:
4513:
4509:
4505:
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4497:
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4486:
4483:
4472:
4468:
4461:
4458:
4453:
4449:
4444:
4439:
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4431:
4426:
4421:
4417:
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4409:
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4394:
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4386:
4382:
4378:
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4275:
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4227:
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4219:
4215:
4211:
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4126:
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4118:
4113:
4108:
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4060:
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4052:
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4042:
4039:
4026:
4020:
4017:
4005:
4001:
3995:
3992:
3987:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3969:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3943:
3939:
3935:
3928:
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3916:
3912:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3867:
3864:
3848:
3844:
3837:
3830:
3827:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3798:
3797:11250/2766251
3793:
3789:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3770:
3763:
3760:
3755:
3751:
3746:
3741:
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3672:
3668:
3664:
3657:
3654:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3624:
3623:10044/1/62973
3619:
3615:
3611:
3607:
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3599:
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3587:
3585:
3581:
3576:
3572:
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3527:
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3501:
3497:
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3463:
3459:
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3438:
3433:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3403:
3399:
3392:
3389:
3381:
3377:
3370:
3363:
3360:
3354:
3353:10044/1/89043
3349:
3344:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3319:
3316:
3310:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3286:
3283:
3278:
3272:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3255:
3254:
3245:
3242:
3229:
3223:
3220:
3207:
3203:
3197:
3194:
3181:
3177:
3171:
3168:
3155:
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3145:
3142:
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3048:
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3029:
3025:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2992:
2989:
2973:
2969:
2962:
2956:
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2258:
2251:
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2242:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2218:
2215:
2202:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2171:
2166:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2140:
2136:
2130:
2127:
2115:
2109:
2106:
2098:
2091:
2085:
2082:
2077:
2073:
2067:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2054:
2050:
2047:
2041:
2038:
2033:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2015:
2008:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1969:
1966:
1961:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1942:
1935:
1932:
1927:
1919:
1915:
1914:
1908:
1901:
1898:
1893:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1874:
1867:
1864:
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1854:
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1834:
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1826:
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1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1785:
1780:
1777:
1776:Sports portal
1766:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1734:
1732:
1727:
1725:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1708:
1706:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1666:carpal tunnel
1664:in the palm,
1663:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1631:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1610:
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1599:
1595:
1590:
1587:
1580:
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1569:
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1564:
1560:
1558:
1553:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1532:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1509:Mental health
1508:
1506:
1504:
1499:
1495:
1493:
1492:Active travel
1489:
1481:
1476:
1472:
1470:
1466:
1461:
1458:Cycling on a
1456:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1440:
1437:
1431:
1428:
1423:
1419:
1415:
1406:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1390:
1384:
1381:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1343:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1322:) and by the
1321:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1306:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1291:
1283:
1278:
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1212:direct action
1209:
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1201:
1200:Critical Mass
1197:
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1187:
1183:
1182:encouragement
1179:
1175:
1171:
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1130:Critical Mass
1126:
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1097:
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1088:bicycle frame
1083:
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1057:
1056:track cycling
1054:are used for
1053:
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850:cycling clubs
843:
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751:Mercedes-Benz
748:
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492:motor vehicle
488:
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457:
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451:
450:studded tires
447:
443:
438:
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421:and a set of
420:
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182:folding bikes
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106:balance bikes
103:
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65:
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48:
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37:
36:Biking (song)
33:
19:
7565:Bike sharing
7530:Road cycling
7518:
7333:Calisthenics
7290:Bodybuilding
7226:
6686:Kuala Lumpur
6603:South Africa
6598:Burkina Faso
6577:
6406:Hand signals
6183:Road cycling
6095:Balance bike
6012:
5938:
5934:
5924:
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5875:
5865:
5832:
5828:
5821:
5809:. Retrieved
5802:the original
5789:
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5772:
5762:30 September
5760:. Retrieved
5753:the original
5740:
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5700:. Retrieved
5690:
5673:
5669:
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5638:
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5580:29 September
5578:. Retrieved
5573:
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5554:29 September
5552:. Retrieved
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5538:
5526:. Retrieved
5520:
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5498:. Retrieved
5488:
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5472:the original
5462:
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5436:
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5325:the original
5311:
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5264:. Retrieved
5260:the original
5250:
5220:(3): 201–6.
5217:
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5155:the original
5150:
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5055:
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5041:
5029:. Retrieved
5025:the Guardian
5024:
5015:
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4994:
4986:
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4975:
4965:
4957:
4929:
4925:
4919:
4892:
4888:
4878:
4868:29 September
4866:. Retrieved
4862:the original
4852:
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4826:
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4774:
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4751:
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4474:, retrieved
4471:News Tribune
4470:
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4407:
4403:
4393:
4352:
4348:
4341:
4300:
4296:
4290:
4278:. Retrieved
4268:
4256:. Retrieved
4252:the original
4242:
4212:(8): 644–9.
4209:
4205:
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4158:
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4098:
4088:
4065:
4059:
4051:the original
4041:
4031:29 September
4029:. Retrieved
4019:
4007:. Retrieved
4003:
3994:
3941:
3937:
3927:
3876:
3872:
3866:
3854:. Retrieved
3847:the original
3842:
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3817:. Retrieved
3810:the original
3779:
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3762:
3719:
3715:
3705:
3670:
3666:
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3593:
3558:
3554:
3535:29 September
3533:. Retrieved
3526:the original
3468:(1): 45–71.
3465:
3461:
3451:
3440:
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3391:
3380:the original
3375:
3362:
3333:
3329:
3318:
3299:
3295:
3285:
3252:
3244:
3234:29 September
3232:. Retrieved
3222:
3210:. Retrieved
3206:the original
3196:
3184:. Retrieved
3179:
3170:
3158:. Retrieved
3154:The Guardian
3153:
3144:
3132:. Retrieved
3128:
3119:
3107:. Retrieved
3103:the original
3098:
3089:
3054:
3050:
3040:
3005:
3001:
2991:
2979:. Retrieved
2967:
2955:
2931:(18): 7775.
2928:
2924:
2887:(1): 86–93.
2884:
2880:
2870:
2858:. Retrieved
2854:the original
2838:
2831:
2819:. Retrieved
2812:the original
2798:
2786:. Retrieved
2782:
2772:
2760:. Retrieved
2755:
2746:
2734:. Retrieved
2730:the original
2720:
2678:(18): 3460.
2675:
2671:
2661:
2619:(18): 3460.
2616:
2612:
2602:
2577:
2573:
2563:
2551:. Retrieved
2547:the original
2542:
2533:
2514:
2510:
2500:
2490:29 September
2488:. Retrieved
2484:the original
2474:
2462:. Retrieved
2458:the original
2453:
2444:
2420:
2408:. Retrieved
2404:the original
2399:
2390:
2378:. Retrieved
2374:the original
2369:
2360:
2348:. Retrieved
2344:
2335:
2321:
2309:. Retrieved
2305:the original
2295:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2231:
2227:
2217:
2205:. Retrieved
2200:
2191:
2183:the original
2173:
2165:the original
2155:
2143:. Retrieved
2139:the original
2129:
2118:. Retrieved
2116:. 2023-08-31
2108:
2097:the original
2084:
2076:the original
2066:
2056:
2040:
2013:
2007:
1982:
1978:
1968:
1945:
1934:
1911:
1900:
1877:
1866:
1751:
1735:
1728:
1720:
1709:
1702:
1686:
1682:
1659:
1639:
1635:
1619:Bicycles in
1609:Taroko Gorge
1591:
1584:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1548:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1500:
1496:
1485:
1469:inflammation
1457:
1441:
1432:
1411:
1385:
1377:
1368:
1352:fossil fuels
1344:
1341:
1309:
1302:
1287:
1266:Associations
1235:
1227:
1216:
1207:
1198:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1158:cycle tracks
1151:
1145:in building
1135:
1115:
1084:
1047:
1028:
1009:
1000:track racing
988:
932:
920:
902:
890:
862:
847:
838:
827:
824:Dutch people
820:cycle tracks
809:
798:
761:Recreational
755:Sindelfingen
735:
727:
703:
692:
679:for sale in
648:
639:
621:
613:
601:
599:of cycling.
586:
578:
574:cycle tracks
554:
489:
470:
458:
439:
404:
389:
378:hillclimbing
363:
355:Damien Hirst
352:
340:gravel bikes
337:
333:
325:
318:
197:
186:
178:World War II
163:
149:
118:quadricycles
93:
89:
85:
84:
7440:Fitness app
7403:Epigenetics
7150:New Zealand
7064:Minneapolis
7000:Los Angeles
6996:California
6948:Netherlands
6698:Philippines
6681:George Town
6671:North Korea
6462:Quadracycle
6452:Cycling kit
6391:Cyclability
6341:Bicycle law
6241:Cyclo-cross
6236:Cycle sport
5792:(1): 63–7.
5266:24 November
5197:26 November
5161:26 November
5058:: 474–481.
4690:: 144–153.
4280:28 November
4004:www.who.int
3879:: 199–206.
3782:: 264–273.
3600:: 199–206.
2454:www.cia.gov
2410:17 November
2380:17 November
2370:overheid.nl
2350:26 November
2207:25 February
2201:Yes Cycling
1907:"bicycling"
1808:Cycle sport
1803:Cyclability
1755:ventilation
1689:triathletes
1662:ulnar nerve
1573:(extrinsic)
1540:Virgin Mary
1482:, Amsterdam
1316:USA Cycling
1190:engineering
1186:enforcement
1064:cyclo-cross
1044:hour record
1036:Grand Tours
1024:Long Island
998:or two for
985:Cycle sport
877:hill climbs
812:countryside
753:factory in
728:The use of
597:modal share
494:traffic is
481:Bikeability
419:tire levers
385:gear system
282:cycling kit
189:Vietnam War
47:The Cyclist
7585:Categories
7555:Cargo bike
7373:Stretching
6943:Luxembourg
6848:Manchester
6791:Copenhagen
6666:Kazakhstan
6629:Bangladesh
6624:Azerbaijan
6457:Pentacycle
6411:Idaho stop
6288:Pump track
6261:Goldsprint
6173:Rail trail
6153:Cargo bike
6121:recreation
5811:1 February
5702:10 October
5528:19 October
5500:19 October
5111:: 100539.
4731:. London:
4581:11093/6143
4258:7 February
4009:24 October
3902:1942/28758
3856:19 October
3819:4 December
3376:MTI Report
3336:: 102224.
3176:"About us"
3134:18 January
3109:18 January
3008:: 103244.
2981:25 October
2788:12 January
2762:12 January
2517:: 101651.
2345:tfl.gov.uk
2270:2105.08499
2263:: 103371.
2234:: 100130.
2120:2023-12-17
1962:required.)
1928:required.)
1894:required.)
1859:References
1348:bike paths
1174:the 4 'E's
1162:bike lanes
1154:bike paths
1072:Time trial
1060:Velodromes
1016:locomotive
991:boneshaker
743:Dabbawalas
719:paramedics
710:Royal Mail
570:bike paths
566:bike lanes
558:slip roads
522:See also:
446:reflectors
423:allen keys
370:dérailleur
366:drivetrain
284:made with
251:bib shorts
126:recreation
18:Bicyclists
7280:Sprinting
7142:Melbourne
7109:Australia
7070:New York
7059:Minnesota
7048:Michigan
6953:Amsterdam
6828:Cambridge
6813:Lithuania
6758:Bucharest
6651:Indonesia
6639:Hong Kong
6371:Bike rage
6303:Triathlon
6251:Fatbiking
6028:Outlines
5955:1654-9716
5882:(1): 64.
5676:: 191–6.
5321:eMedicine
5133:191824684
5125:2214-1405
5082:114731588
5074:2352-1465
4706:1879-1379
4647:1471-2318
4631:(1): 73.
4590:1063-8652
4526:1932-6203
4434:1932-6203
4369:0942-2056
4317:0363-5465
4175:0112-1642
4121:1600-0838
3968:1932-6203
3806:110938997
3736:0090-0036
3632:0160-4120
3575:1048-6666
3500:152653005
3492:0144-1647
3081:245810185
3073:0038-0385
3051:Sociology
3032:245066501
3024:0966-6923
2947:2071-1050
2756:The Laker
2694:1660-4601
2635:1660-4601
2594:147311688
2464:17 August
2287:234763005
2014:Bike Boom
1999:0307-1022
1873:"cycling"
1712:posterior
1678:ergonomic
1611:in Taiwan
1505:in 2007.
1436:arthritis
1332:Velo City
1178:education
1076:aero bars
1068:bunny hop
1032:criterium
1010:In 1899,
996:velodrome
695:commuting
681:Karnataka
651:cycleways
624:Barcelona
580:dominant
516:Amsterdam
512:bike path
415:cartridge
374:hub gears
359:race bike
202:Equipment
168:. In the
122:transport
114:tricycles
110:unicycles
90:bicycling
69:city bike
67:European
7476:Category
7343:Climbing
7252:Swimming
7222:Aerobics
7199:Exercise
7155:Auckland
7134:Victoria
7114:Canberra
7089:Portland
7079:Syracuse
7028:Georgia
7017:Illinois
7010:San Jose
6881:Slovenia
6876:Portugal
6765:Slovakia
6693:Pakistan
6676:Malaysia
6531:Category
6276:Downhill
6256:Freeride
6110:Unicycle
6105:Tricycle
6032:Bicycles
6024:Glossary
5973:29400262
5916:20973949
5857:56142753
5655:12820792
5620:18466268
5574:BBC News
5548:BBC News
5447:BBC News
5428:24524928
5404:: g425.
5376:33730384
5368:15233595
5331:20 March
5303:15716187
4946:26507371
4911:10847255
4791:26296182
4777:: 9–19.
4714:31678749
4665:28327083
4606:46880181
4598:29431549
4544:30785893
4496:PLOS ONE
4452:25928421
4404:PLOS ONE
4385:44008338
4377:24077689
4333:23888818
4234:20599717
4226:12856112
4191:12923997
4183:18712942
4137:19543146
4129:21496106
3986:30785893
3938:PLOS ONE
3919:51965322
3911:30098553
3754:26066942
3697:20587380
3648:51965322
3640:30098553
3432:11124188
3212:29 April
2972:Archived
2901:16919590
2821:4 August
2712:31533371
2653:31533371
2427:Archived
2049:Archived
1941:"biking"
1762:See also
1716:anterior
1621:Helsinki
1478:Bike at
1448:swimming
1427:Sustrans
1400:Exercise
1256:urbanism
1252:classism
1232:Equality
1208:en masse
1098:Activism
1062:, while
1020:New York
923:COVID-19
899:Mountain
858:drafting
640:Fietspad
382:crankset
130:exercise
104:such as
7591:Cycling
7519:cycling
7516:Utility
7398:History
7391:Related
7257:Walking
7247:Jogging
7227:Cycling
7138:Geelong
7102:Oceania
7085:Oregon
7052:Detroit
7032:Atlanta
7022:Chicago
6985:Toronto
6926:Germany
6909:Belgium
6833:Cardiff
6803:Ireland
6798:Estonia
6786:Denmark
6753:Romania
6748:Moldova
6608:Tunisia
6593:Algeria
6578:Cycling
6055:Bicycle
6037:Cycling
6013:Cycling
5964:5804679
5907:2984475
5884:Bibcode
5837:Bibcode
5682:1821826
5478:13 July
5419:3923979
5242:8240258
5234:7649713
5031:10 July
5005:10 July
4981:10 July
4954:1848346
4656:5361710
4535:6388745
4504:Bibcode
4443:4415918
4412:Bibcode
4325:7377449
3977:6388745
3946:Bibcode
3881:Bibcode
3745:4504332
3688:2920084
3602:Bibcode
3423:1119262
3186:6 April
3160:30 July
2703:6765930
2644:6765930
2311:6 March
1625:Finland
1488:obesity
1354:, less
1046:in his
974:peloton
939:Haarlem
910:around
854:peloton
683:, India
667:Utility
644:Utrecht
536:, Japan
534:Niigata
348:e-bikes
314:Alabama
290:helmet.
208:Bicycle
187:In the
140:History
98:bicycle
86:Cycling
7242:Hiking
7123:Sydney
7042:Boston
6980:Canada
6975:Belize
6936:Munich
6931:Berlin
6914:France
6891:Madrid
6843:London
6818:Norway
6808:Latvia
6770:Turkey
6741:Prague
6722:Europe
6708:Turkey
6703:Taiwan
6661:Jordan
6586:Africa
6281:Trials
5971:
5961:
5953:
5914:
5904:
5855:
5680:
5653:
5618:
5452:6 June
5426:
5416:
5374:
5366:
5301:
5240:
5232:
5131:
5123:
5080:
5072:
4952:
4944:
4909:
4789:
4739:
4712:
4704:
4663:
4653:
4645:
4604:
4596:
4588:
4542:
4532:
4524:
4476:22 May
4450:
4440:
4432:
4383:
4375:
4367:
4331:
4323:
4315:
4232:
4224:
4189:
4181:
4173:
4135:
4127:
4119:
4076:
3984:
3974:
3966:
3917:
3909:
3804:
3752:
3742:
3734:
3695:
3685:
3646:
3638:
3630:
3573:
3498:
3490:
3430:
3420:
3273:
3079:
3071:
3030:
3022:
2945:
2899:
2860:8 July
2846:
2783:Forbes
2736:6 June
2710:
2700:
2692:
2651:
2641:
2633:
2592:
2285:
2145:6 June
2028:
1997:
1204:cities
1166:safety
1111:London
945:Racing
916:enduro
875:, and
805:brevet
747:Bogotá
609:safety
467:Skills
452:and a
435:shorts
433:, and
431:gloves
409:(or a
244:gloves
237:jersey
230:helmet
132:, and
116:, and
94:biking
7321:Other
7206:Types
7129:Perth
6919:Paris
6886:Spain
6871:Malta
6866:Italy
6859:South
6838:Leeds
6779:North
6656:Japan
6646:India
6634:China
6476:Lists
6440:Other
5853:S2CID
5805:(PDF)
5782:(PDF)
5756:(PDF)
5749:(PDF)
5372:S2CID
5238:S2CID
5191:(PDF)
5180:(PDF)
5129:S2CID
5078:S2CID
4950:S2CID
4818:(PDF)
4811:(PDF)
4602:S2CID
4381:S2CID
4329:S2CID
4230:S2CID
4187:S2CID
4133:S2CID
3915:S2CID
3850:(PDF)
3839:(PDF)
3813:(PDF)
3802:S2CID
3772:(PDF)
3644:S2CID
3529:(PDF)
3522:(PDF)
3496:S2CID
3383:(PDF)
3372:(PDF)
3261:–50.
3077:S2CID
3028:S2CID
2975:(PDF)
2964:(PDF)
2815:(PDF)
2808:(PDF)
2590:S2CID
2553:5 May
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