353:
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4415:
2598:, 319 U. S. 624 (1943). I can only hope that here, too, the Court soon will reconsider its analysis and conclude that depriving individuals of the right to choose for themselves how to conduct their intimate relationships poses a far greater threat to the values most deeply rooted in our Nation’s history than tolerance of nonconformity could ever do. Because I think the Court today betrays these values, I dissent," deliberately omitting the customary "respectfully" before "dissent".
2788:
5783:
1861:
2827:
5795:
1848:
5819:
2564:. That the case found the dissent, rather than the more traditional relationship of the dissent relating to the case, is underscored by the opinion's almost total omission of reference to the case it ostensibly addressed: Callins is relegated to a supernumerary in his own appeal, being mentioned but five times in a 42-paragraph opinion – three times within the first two paragraphs, and twice in footnote 2.
5807:
44:
300:
291:
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2617:(1993), where the Court refused to find a constitutional right for convicted prisoners to introduce new evidence of "actual innocence" for purposes of obtaining federal relief, Blackmun argued in a section joined by no other justice that "The execution of a person who can show that he is innocent comes perilously close to simple murder."
2180:. He said that he would recommend Blackmun to the Eisenhower administration if Blackmun wished to succeed him. After much urging by Sanborn and Burger, Blackmun agreed to accept the nomination, duly offered by Eisenhower and members of the Justice Department. On August 18, 1959, Eisenhower nominated Blackmun to the seat on the
2462:. It is still more revolting if the grounds upon which it was laid down have vanished long since, and the rule simply persists from blind imitation of the past." Burger and Blackmun drifted apart, and as the years passed, their lifelong friendship degenerated into a hostile and contentious relationship.
2585:
was about a fundamental right to place interstate bets through a telephone booth. Rather, this case is about 'the right most valued by civilized men, namely the right to be let alone'." Blackmun criticized the Court for its "almost obsessive focus on homosexual activity", noting that the sodomy law
2635:
A child, male or female, is still a child ... No longer is the female destined solely for the home and the rearing of the family, and only the male for the marketplace and the world of ideas ... If a specified age of minority is required for the boy in order to assure him parental support while he
2555:
his is a very personal dissent, and I have struggled to adopt your 'voice' to the best of my ability. I have tried to put myself in your shoes and write a dissent that would reflect the wisdom you have gained, and the frustration you have endured, as a result of twenty years of enforcing the death
2853:
released
Blackmun's voluminous files. He had kept all the documents from every case, notes the justices passed between themselves, 10% of the mail he received, and numerous other documents. After Blackmun announced his retirement from the Court, he recorded a 38-hour oral history with one of his
2414:
was in jeopardy: "I am 83 years old. I cannot remain on this Court forever, and when I do step down, the confirmation process for my successor well may focus on the issue before us today. That, I regret, may be exactly where the choice between the two worlds will be made."
2528:. But on February 22, 1994, less than two months before announcing his retirement, Blackmun announced that he now saw the death penalty as always and in all circumstances unconstitutional by issuing a dissent from the Court's refusal to hear a routine death penalty case (
2680:. Blackmun said of the dissent, "arlan did a lot of very effective writing, and I owe a lot to her and her ability in getting that dissent out. She felt very strongly about it, and I think is correct in her approach to it. I think the dissent is correct."
2659:, which included, according to Dangel, a sarcastic reference to Rehnquist as "The Chief" rather than Chief Justice because "I have my doubts as to whether he deserves to be called 'justice' on this one." Dangel changed it to "Chief Justice" at Justice
299:
2195:
on
September 14, 1959, and received his commission on September 21. Over the next decade, Blackmun wrote 217 opinions for the Eighth Circuit. His service on the Court of Appeals ended on June 8, 1970, due to his appointment to the Supreme Court.
2751:
Blackmun announced his retirement from the
Supreme Court in April 1994, four months before he officially left the bench, assuming retired status on August 3, 1994. By then, he had become the court's most liberal justice. In his place, President
5931:
2550:
dissent well in advance of the case coming before the Court; Blackmun's papers indicate that work began on the dissent in the summer of 1993, and in a memo preserved in
Blackmun's papers, the clerk writing the dissent wrote Blackmun that:
5896:
308:
2440:, Blackmun began to drift away from Burger's influence to increasingly side with Brennan in finding constitutional protection for unenumerated individual rights. For example, Blackmun wrote a dissent to the Court's opinion in
2282:, Minnesota) because of their common history in Minnesota and because they so often voted together. Indeed, Blackmun voted with Burger in 87.5% of the closely divided cases during his first five terms (1970 to 1975), and with
2389:
Few decisions are more personal and intimate, more properly private, or more basic to individual dignity and autonomy, than a woman's decision – with the guidance of her physician and within the limits specified in
2302:
statutes. In both instances
Blackmun indicated his personal opinion of the death penalty's shortcomings as a policy, but insisted his political opinions should have no bearing on the death penalty's constitutionality.
2912:
2208:
2592:, 310 U.S. 586 (1940), and to recognize that the threat to national cohesion posed by a refusal to salute the flag was vastly outweighed by the threat to those same values posed by compelling such a salute. See
2169:
2224:
2534:), declaring that "rom this day forward, I no longer shall tinker with the machinery of death." Subsequently, adopting the practice begun by Justices Brennan and Marshall, he issued a dissent from denial of
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5936:
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4177:
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4193:
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4369:
4353:
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4257:
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2266:, a longtime friend of Blackmun's and best man at his wedding, had recommended Blackmun for the job to Nixon. The two were often called the "Minnesota Twins" (a reference to the baseball team, the
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4241:
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read: "To hold that the act of homosexual sodomy is somehow protected as a fundamental right would be to cast aside millennia of moral teaching." In his dissent, Blackmun responded by quoting
2115:
1909:
55:
5871:
4145:
2907:
2306:
That began to change, however, between 1975 and 1980, by which time
Blackmun was joining Brennan in 54.5% of the divided cases, and Burger in 45.5%. Shortly after Blackmun dissented in
4033:
2181:
1946:
110:
2212:
2862:, which was also released. In it, he discusses his thoughts on everything from his important Court cases to the Supreme Court piano, though some Supreme Court experts such as
2046:
in
Nashville, Illinois. Three years after his birth, his brother, Corwin Manning Blackmun Jr., died soon after birth; his sister, Betty, was born in 1917. Blackmun grew up in
1618:
2128:
After graduating from law school, Blackmun returned to
Minnesota, where he served in a variety of positions including private counsel, law clerk, and adjunct faculty at the
2246:
While on the Court, Blackmun served as
Circuit Justice for the Eighth Circuit (June 9, 1970 – August 2, 1994) and for the First Circuit (August 7, 1990 – October 8, 1990).
2419:
2148:. He married Dorothy Clark in 1941 and they had three daughters. Motivated by his initial passion for medicine, Blackmun accepted a position as resident counsel for the
1493:
3620:
2763:
In 1995, Blackmun received the United States
Senator John Heinz Award for Greatest Public Service by an Elected or Appointed Official, an award given out annually by
5886:
1505:
2586:
nominally prohibited both homosexual and heterosexual sodomy. He concluded his dissent: "It took but three years for the Court to see the error in its analysis in
5717:
5436:
3720:
5921:
5132:
2482:
2323:
From 1981 to 1986, when Burger retired, the two men voted together in only 32.4% of close cases, whereas Blackmun joined Brennan in 70.6% of the close cases.
5394:
2594:
5916:
2188:
3408:
2611:
for four-year-old Joshua DeShaney, who was beaten until brain-damaged by his abusive father, Blackmun famously opined, "Poor Joshua!" In his dissent in
2292:, the decision that invalidated all capital punishment laws then in force in the United States, and in 1976, he voted to reinstate the death penalty in
3589:
4101:
3756:
1540:
1477:
2337:, invalidating a Texas statute that banned abortion except when a pregnant woman's life was in danger. The Court's judgment in the companion case of
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5360:
3867:
2732:
1653:
1472:
600:
332:
2989:
Roberts, Gary B.; Dearborn, David Curtis; Brayton, John Anderson; Brenneman, Richard E.; New England Historic Genealogical Society (June 1, 1997).
2400:
2239:, had a president had two Supreme Court nominees rejected by the Senate. This was also the longest vacancy on the court since 1873–74, during the
1892:
1575:
1499:
1487:
5876:
5866:
5372:
2798:
On February 22, 1999, Blackmun fell in his home and broke his hip. The next day, he underwent hip replacement surgery at Arlington Hospital in
2588:
1950:
1827:
389:
5861:
5608:
3897:
2802:, but he never fully recovered. Ten days later, on March 4, at the age of 90, he died at 1:00 A.M. from complications from the procedure. He
1807:
5655:
2807:
2651:, which was written by Stephanie Dangel, then one of Blackmun's clerks and now a law professor at the University of Pittsburgh. Blackmun's
2712:
came to light. But Thomas spoke positively of Blackmun when he appeared in 2001 at the dedication of the Harry A. Blackmun Rotunda at the
3028:
2494:, but because the laws were justified on the basis that women would be subject to the "risk" of pregnancy, Blackmun had cause to discuss
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3168:
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2424:
1988:
3929:
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5891:
4124:
4111:
2129:
2059:
394:
1916:, Blackmun ultimately became one of the most liberal justices on the Court. He is best known as the author of the Court's opinion in
5125:
3948:
3922:
3853:
3477:
3000:
2365:
made him a target for criticism by opponents of abortion, and he received voluminous negative mail and death threats because of it.
3676:
2428:, a case where the Supreme Court overturned the conviction of an editor who ran an advertisement for an abortion referral service.
1482:
3443:
5644:
5290:
5196:
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3511:
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1658:
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229:
2286:, the Court's leading liberal, in only 13%. In 1972, Blackmun joined Burger and Nixon's other two appointees in dissenting from
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1812:
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340:
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have cast doubt on the accuracy of some of Blackmun's recollections, especially his thoughts on the Court's deliberations on
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1982:
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both followed baseball obsessively. In one oral argument on October 10, 1973, Stewart passed Blackmun a note that read, "
2176:
of the Eighth Circuit, whom Blackmun had clerked for after graduating from Harvard, told Blackmun of his plans to assume
5550:
5118:
3883:
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2631:(1975), a case striking down a state's definitions of adulthood (males reaching it at 21, women at 18), Blackmun wrote:
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2022:
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1570:
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2792:
2647:
2406:
2000:
1965:", but Blackmun drifted away from Burger during their tenure on the court. He retired from the Court during President
1885:
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1467:
219:
2645:
Compared to other justices, Blackmun gave his law clerks great latitude in drafting opinions, such as his opinion in
1934:
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Blackmun and his clerks then sought an appropriate case to serve as a "vehicle for dissent," and settled on
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2524:(1976), even though these laws would have automatically imposed the death penalty on anyone found guilty of
2368:
Blackmun became a passionate advocate for abortion rights, often delivering speeches and lectures promoting
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1818:
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1530:
1241:
372:
2577:. He wrote, "This case is no more about 'a fundamental right to engage in homosexual sodomy' any more than
5723:
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5586:
5420:
4996:
4928:
4800:
4478:
4268:
3130:
Supreme Court Nominations, 1789 to 2020: Actions by the Senate, the Judiciary Committee, and the President
2458:: "t is revolting to have no better reason for a rule of law than that so it was laid down in the time of
2361:(1965), and it established a constitutional right to abortion in the United States. Blackmun's opinion in
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76.1%. From 1986 to 1990, his rate of agreement with the two most liberal justices was 97.1% and 95.8%.
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1942:
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1051:
818:
590:
497:
462:
367:
133:
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2136:(then the St. Paul College of Law). Blackmun's practice as an attorney at the law firm now known as
1953:, President Nixon successfully nominated Blackmun to the Supreme Court to replace Associate Justice
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2459:
2394: – whether to end her pregnancy. A woman's right to make that choice freely is fundamental ...
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863:
718:
678:
467:
457:
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189:
145:
2814:. His wife died seven years later on July 13, 2006, at the age of 95, and was buried next to him.
2465:
From the 1981 term through the 1985 term, Blackmun voted with Brennan 77.6% of the time, and with
2219:
on June 9, 1970. This was Nixon's third attempt to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of
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4496:
2879:
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2228:
2156:
from 1950 to 1959. He later called his time at the Mayo Clinic "the happiest decade of my life".
2141:
2111:
2077:
2016:
1994:
1930:
1739:
1379:
1306:
1276:
1261:
1246:
1141:
733:
713:
668:
610:
542:
270:
3277:
3157:." In CQ Almanac 1970, 26th ed., 05-154-05-162. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly, 1971.
2072:
in Saint Paul, where he graduated fourth in his class of 450 in 1925. He expected to attend the
2784:, making him the only United States Supreme Court justice to play a judge in a motion picture.
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5202:
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4360:
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2874:
2775:
2731:
JUST RESIGNED!! METS 2 REDS 0." The game in question was the fifth and deciding game of the
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2352:
2313:
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2122:
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1016:
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728:
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43:
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4706:
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4172:
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2709:
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1962:
1760:
1419:
1374:
1311:
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1186:
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1116:
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527:
157:
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5002:
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4232:
4200:
4188:
4156:
4071:
3314:
2955:
2803:
2757:
2724:
2487:
2446:(1986). The Court's ruling in this case denied constitutional protection to homosexual
2308:
2216:
2215:
on April 15, 1970, and the U.S. Senate confirmed him on May 12, by a 94–0 vote. He was
2107:
2087:
1970:
1908:(November 12, 1908 – March 4, 1999) was an American lawyer and jurist who served as an
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102:
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5378:
5354:
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4396:
4184:
4152:
3839:
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2205:
2177:
1958:
1913:
1832:
1781:
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1286:
1281:
1176:
1076:
1046:
916:
813:
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783:
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758:
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585:
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383:
78:
2058:, where his father owned a small store. He attended the same grade school as future
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5540:
5243:
5212:
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5014:
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4252:
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763:
683:
643:
422:
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3537:
2992:
Notable Kin: An Anthology of Columns First Published in the Nehgs Nexus, 1986-1995
2191:
gave Blackmun a rating of "exceptionally well qualified". He was confirmed by the
1847:
1598:
3981:
Justice Blackmun Receives Honorary Doctorate from DePauw University; May 22, 1971
2990:
2720:
and would tell fast food patrons that he was "Harry. I work for the government."
298:
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5794:
5741:
5665:
5383:
5366:
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4236:
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4204:
3845:
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2271:
2243: – 391 days from Fortas's resignation to Blackmun's swearing-in.
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1938:
1918:
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1409:
1291:
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1131:
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1026:
1001:
996:
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911:
838:
808:
648:
512:
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and others have reported, Blackmun's law clerks prepared what would become the
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5799:
5535:
5452:
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4958:
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4284:
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3970:
2859:
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2535:
2317:
2220:
2043:
2038:, to Theo Huegely (Reuter) and Corwin Manning Blackmun. His grandparents were
1954:
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1251:
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1136:
971:
931:
873:
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663:
580:
90:
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3333:
2608:
2055:
1181:
1106:
936:
620:
575:
404:
309:
Virginia State Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council, Inc.
3930:
Why Do Supreme Court Justices Succeed or Fail? Harry Blackmun as an Example
3349:
3129:
5830:
2258:, Blackmun was expected to adhere to a conservative interpretation of the
5405:
4136:
2480:
was not apparently directly applicable. His concurring opinion in 1981's
1706:
1545:
1301:
605:
2506:
Despite Blackmun's stated personal "abhorrence" of the death penalty in
17:
5932:
United States court of appeals judges appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower
3990:
3073:"Blackmun's Solace - Religion 'Roe' Author Unfazed by Abortion Critics"
2039:
2008:
was in jeopardy. He wrote dissenting opinions in notable cases such as
1036:
4008:
4004:
2913:
List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 2)
2841:
2447:
5897:
Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
3862:
2170:
United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
3405:"BLACKMUN, J., Concurring Opinion in Michael M. v. Superior Court"
2786:
2512:, he voted to uphold mandatory death penalty statutes at issue in
1719:
1648:
1633:
3841:
Becoming Justice Blackmun: Harry Blackmun's Supreme Court Journey
3632:(discussing Karlan's authorship of Justice Blackmun's dissent in
2885:
Becoming Justice Blackmun: Harry Blackmun's Supreme Court Journey
2382:
Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
2636:
attains his education and training, so, too, is it for the girl.
1663:
5114:
4432:
4122:
4083:
3986:
Transcript: The Justice Harry A. Blackmun Oral History Project
2607:(1989), rejecting the constitutional liability of the state of
2918:
List of United States Supreme Court justices by time in office
2418:
Ancillary to the primary right to abortion, Blackmun extended
1700:
3538:"Stephanie Dangel | School of Law | University of Pittsburgh"
3241:"A History of Key Abortion Rulings of the U.S. Supreme Court"
3029:"Blackmun Has a Bigger Place in History Than in His Hometown"
2472:
Blackmun's judicial philosophy increasingly seemed guided by
5093:
4413:
2928:
United States Supreme Court cases during the Rehnquist Court
2708:, his sometimes negative notations regarding fellow Justice
2172:, repeatedly encouraged Blackmun to seek a judgeship. Judge
2110:
in 1929, Blackmun's first visit to Washington). He attended
5280:
Unknown Soldiers for World War II and the Korean War (1958)
4062:
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
1910:
associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
56:
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
3135:(Report). Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service
2908:
List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
2716:
federal courthouse, mentioning that Blackmun drove a blue
2490:
laws that applied only to men, did not directly implicate
3677:"Clinical Faculty and Staff (Federal Legislation Clinic)"
2923:
United States Supreme Court cases during the Burger Court
3709:
Merida, Kevin; Fletcher, Michael A. (October 10, 2004).
3334:"Roe v. Wade: its impact upon the author and his family"
2655:
opinion draft included sharp criticism of Chief Justice
2581:
was about a fundamental right to view obscene movies or
2538:
in every death penalty case, citing and reiterating his
5937:
United States federal judges appointed by Richard Nixon
3928:
Wrightsman, Lawrence S., and Justin R. La Mort (2005).
3220:"Norma McCorvey, plaintiff in Roe v. Wade, dies at 69"
2958:. Washington, D.C.: Supreme Court of the United States
5771:
4034:
United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
3169:"Long Supreme Court vacancies used to be more common"
2182:
United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
1947:
United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
111:
United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
3564:"Blackmun Papers Are a Window on Court's Daily Life"
3512:"Blackmun Clerks Had Too Much Power, Says Historian"
2316:
embraced him and "welcom him to the company of the '
2235:
in February 1970. Not since 1894, during the second
2213:
associate justice of the United States Supreme Court
306:
Harry Blackmun delivers the opinion of the Court in
5732:
5654:
5577:
5568:
5521:
5512:
5487:
5469:
5451:
5419:
5176:
5167:
3613:"Exhibit A for a Major Shift: Justices' Gay Clerks"
2819:
2666:Blackmun also revealed in a 1995 oral history with
2331:In 1973, Blackmun authored the majority opinion in
1619:
Americans United for Separation of Church and State
266:
258:
235:
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215:
196:
172:
167:
151:
139:
127:
108:
96:
84:
72:
54:
34:
5902:Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
5872:Accidental deaths from falls in the United States
5085:Also served as Chief Justice of the United States
3387:
3385:
3383:
3206:
3190:
3188:
3186:
3059:
2372:as essential to women's equality and criticizing
2950:
2948:
2004:but also filed a separate opinion, warning that
1980:, notable majority opinions by Blackmun include
3155:Carswell Nomination to Court Rejected by Senate
2633:
2553:
2387:
1957:. Blackmun and his close friend, Chief Justice
3278:"Supreme Court's Evolving Rulings on Abortion"
2567:Blackmun also wrote an impassioned dissent in
5126:
4095:
3785:. Jefferson Awards Foundation. Archived from
2483:Michael M. v. Superior Court of Sonoma County
2121:was among his professors), graduating with a
1886:
8:
3976:Blackmun's Papers at the Library of Congress
3704:
3702:
2704:When Blackmun's papers were released at the
2595:West Virginia Board of Education v. Barnette
2189:Standing Committee on the Federal Judiciary
2164:In the late 1950s, Blackmun's close friend
2034:Blackmun was born on November 12, 1908, in
5574:
5518:
5345:Unknown Soldier for the Vietnam War (1984)
5173:
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4013:
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3498:
3470:"Callins v. Collins, 510 U.S. 1141 (1994)"
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1912:from 1970 to 1994. Appointed by President
1893:
1879:
327:
123:September 21, 1959 – June 8, 1970
42:
31:
27:US Supreme Court justice from 1970 to 1994
2262:. The Court's Chief Justice at the time,
1998:. He joined part of the joint opinion in
3868:Biographical Directory of Federal Judges
3235:
3233:
3128:McMillion, Barry J. (January 28, 2022).
2733:1973 National League Championship Series
2379:s critics. Defending abortion rights in
2140:focused in its early years on taxation,
1654:Southern Christian Leadership Conference
5778:
3941:Harry A. Blackmun: The Outsider Justice
3683:. Georgetown University. Archived from
3171:. Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center
3108:
3106:
2944:
2401:Webster v. Reproductive Health Services
2106:(with which he performed for President
1969:'s administration and was succeeded by
1576:Center for Budget and Policy Priorities
339:
5887:Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
5249:Unknown Soldier for World War I (1921)
3971:NPR series on Justice Blackmun's Files
3966:opinion, and Justice Scalia's response
3889:The Brethren: Inside the Supreme Court
3623:from the original on December 24, 2016
2816:
2589:Minersville School District v. Gobitis
1828:Modern liberalism in the United States
68:June 9, 1970 – August 3, 1994
3411:from the original on October 11, 2011
2098:in 1929. At Harvard, Blackmun joined
2076:but received a scholarship to attend
7:
5922:Tulane University Law School faculty
3723:from the original on August 20, 2011
3657:from the original on August 12, 2020
3480:from the original on October 9, 2011
3167:DeSilver, Drew (February 26, 2016).
2897:also draws heavily from the papers.
2810:, and was buried five days later at
2808:United States Supreme Court Building
2770:In 1997, Blackmun portrayed Justice
2398:Blackmun filed separate opinions in
2347:law to be unconstitutional as well.
5161:State funerals in the United States
3759:from the original on August 3, 2009
3747:"Ginsburg, Scalia Strike a Balance"
3276:Markels, Alex (November 30, 2005).
3009:from the original on August 3, 2020
2834:interview with Linda Greenhouse on
2760:, whom the Senate confirmed, 87–9.
2425:Bigelow v. Commonwealth of Virginia
2422:protection to commercial speech in
1989:Bigelow v. Commonwealth of Virginia
1937:, representing clients such as the
5917:Lawyers from Saint Paul, Minnesota
4112:Supreme Court of the United States
3332:Blackmun, S. (December 15, 1998).
2573:(1986), in which the Court upheld
2130:University of Minnesota Law School
2050:, a working-class neighborhood in
25:
3592:from the original on May 12, 2011
3295:Liptak, Adam (December 1, 2021).
2168:, then an appellate judge on the
1933:in 1932. He practiced law in the
5829:
5817:
5805:
5793:
5781:
2825:
2739:won it 7–2, sending them to the
2700:Relationship with other justices
2250:Early years on the Supreme Court
1859:
1846:
1659:Southern Center for Human Rights
351:
296:
5912:People from Nashville, Illinois
5764:: Presidents and chief justices
3446:. Legal Affairs. Archived from
2134:William Mitchell College of Law
1639:National Organization for Women
248:
1604:American Civil Liberties Union
518:Separation of church and state
1:
5877:Accidental deaths in Virginia
5867:20th-century American lawyers
3611:Liptak, Adam (June 8, 2013).
3562:Mauro, Tony (March 5, 2004).
3338:Conscience (Washington, D.C.)
3207:Woodward & Armstrong 1979
3060:Woodward & Armstrong 1979
2223:on May 14, 1969. His earlier
2102:fraternity and sang with the
1983:Bates v. State Bar of Arizona
1614:American Humanist Association
1609:American Constitution Society
5862:20th-century American judges
2641:Relationship with law clerks
2604:DeShaney v. Winnebago County
2601:In his emotional dissent in
2065:. Blackmun was a Methodist.
2023:DeShaney v. Winnebago County
1747:The Problem with Jon Stewart
1571:Center for American Progress
4000:Arlington National Cemetery
3943:. Oxford University Press.
3297:"What did Roe v. Wade say?"
2812:Arlington National Cemetery
2793:Arlington National Cemetery
2688:Blackmun's clerks included
2648:Planned Parenthood v. Casey
2407:Planned Parenthood v. Casey
2270:, in turn named after the "
2001:Planned Parenthood v. Casey
1644:People for the American Way
1553:Rhode Island Suffrage Party
1468:Democratic-Republican Party
220:Arlington National Cemetery
5953:
5882:American United Methodists
5531:Chestnut and Gibson (1998)
5471:Herbert C. Hoover Building
2956:"Justices 1789 to Present"
2854:former law clerks, former
2080:, from which he graduated
2042:immigrants who operated a
1949:. After the defeat of two
1929:, Blackmun graduated from
1624:Brennan Center For Justice
566:American Revolutionary War
208:Arlington County, Virginia
5927:Tulane University faculty
5892:Harvard Law School alumni
5759:
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4118:
4068:
4059:
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4029:
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4016:
3514:. Law.com. Archived from
3017:– via Google Books.
2836:Becoming Justice Blackmun
2824:
2806:in the Great Hall of the
2521:Woodson v. North Carolina
2456:Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
2070:Mechanic Arts High School
1961:, were often called the "
1813:Liberal bias in the media
1478:National Democratic Party
322:
285:
163:
116:
61:
50:
41:
3962:Excerpt from Blackmun's
3259:"Roe v. Wade Fast Facts"
2676:was written by a clerk,
2502:Later years on the bench
2498:further in his opinion.
2343:held a less restrictive
2237:Cleveland Administration
2186:American Bar Association
2184:vacated by Sanborn. The
1866:United States portal
1808:Liberal bias in academia
1473:Liberal Republican Party
331:This article is part of
3873:Federal Judicial Center
3871:, a publication of the
3586:"The Volokh Conspiracy"
2873:Based on these papers,
2358:Griswold v. Connecticut
2320:and the enlightened.'"
2300:mandatory death penalty
2074:University of Minnesota
1819:The Liberal Imagination
1531:Rockefeller Republicans
5421:National Statuary Hall
5098:
4418:
3913:Clinton, Bill (2005).
2795:
2638:
2620:
2558:
2556:penalty on this Court.
2476:, even in areas where
2450:. Burger's opinion in
2396:
2231:in September 1969 and
1510:historically, factions
626:Young America movement
596:Jeffersonian democracy
438:Economic progressivism
292:Harry Blackmun's voice
5907:Minnesota Republicans
5097:
4417:
4265:Edward Douglass White
3863:Harry Andrew Blackmun
3745:(December 25, 2007).
3474:Supct.law.cornell.edu
2790:
2723:Blackmun and Justice
2583:Katz v. United States
2486:, a case that upheld
2410:(1992), warning that
2030:Early life and career
1945:appointed him to the
1941:. In 1959, President
1927:Saint Paul, Minnesota
1906:Harry Andrew Blackmun
1853:Liberalism portal
1688:The American Prospect
1669:National Urban League
1536:Roosevelt Republicans
1458:Anti-Federalist Party
571:Civil rights movement
313:Recorded May 24, 1976
177:Harry Andrew Blackmun
5153:in the United States
4297:Charles Evans Hughes
3939:Yarbrough, Tinsley.
3789:on November 24, 2010
3711:"Thomas v. Blackmun"
3518:on December 27, 2010
3226:. February 18, 2017.
2791:Blackmun's grave at
2670:that his dissent in
2515:Roberts v. Louisiana
2241:Grant Administration
2193:United States Senate
2138:Dorsey & Whitney
1943:Dwight D. Eisenhower
1541:Moderate Republicans
1277:Roosevelt (Theodore)
1272:Roosevelt (Franklin)
591:Jacksonian democracy
498:Legal egalitarianism
463:Freedom of the press
344:in the United States
134:Dwight D. Eisenhower
5323:J. E. Hoover (1972)
4281:William Howard Taft
4025:John B. Sanborn Jr.
3934:Missouri Law Review
3783:jeffersonawards.org
3716:The Washington Post
3687:on October 14, 2011
3450:on October 15, 2009
3432:, pp. 177–178.
3407:. Law.cornell.edu.
3377:, pp. 186–187.
3352:– via PubMed.
3265:. November 4, 2013.
3247:. January 16, 2013.
3075:. October 14, 1990.
2851:Library of Congress
2800:Arlington, Virginia
2706:Library of Congress
2526:first-degree murder
2233:G. Harrold Carswell
2174:John B. Sanborn Jr.
2036:Nashville, Illinois
1789:The Washington Post
1775:Talking Points Memo
1629:Equal Justice Works
1593:Other organizations
1581:Roosevelt Institute
1526:Radical Republicans
1267:Roosevelt (Eleanor)
601:Liberal Republicans
468:Freedom of religion
458:Fiscal conservatism
190:Nashville, Illinois
146:John B. Sanborn Jr.
5523:US Capitol rotunda
5489:Old Senate Chamber
5178:US Capitol rotunda
5099:
4435:Associate justices
4419:
3822:, pp. 247–248
3617:The New York Times
3301:The New York Times
2880:The New York Times
2796:
2747:Post-Supreme Court
2673:Bowers v. Hardwick
2628:Stanton v. Stanton
2614:Herrera v. Collins
2579:Stanley v. Georgia
2570:Bowers v. Hardwick
2531:Callins v. Collins
2443:Bowers v. Hardwick
2385:, Blackmun wrote:
2284:William J. Brennan
2229:Clement Haynsworth
2142:trusts and estates
2112:Harvard Law School
2078:Harvard University
2068:Blackmun attended
2017:Bowers v. Hardwick
1995:Stanton v. Stanton
1931:Harvard Law School
1740:The New York Times
611:New Deal coalition
543:Unalienable rights
271:Harvard University
5769:
5768:
5755:
5754:
5747:Lautenberg (2013)
5656:Great Hall of the
5564:
5563:
5508:
5507:
5275:R. A. Taft (1953)
5108:
5107:
5104:
5103:
4424:
4423:
4377:William Rehnquist
4078:
4077:
4069:Succeeded by
4042:Succeeded by
3899:978-0-380-52183-8
3836:Greenhouse, Linda
3442:Garrow, David J.
3115:, pp. 25–29.
3037:. April 10, 1994.
2847:
2846:
2741:1973 World Series
2718:Volkswagen Beetle
2657:William Rehnquist
2509:Furman v. Georgia
2467:Thurgood Marshall
2432:Split with Burger
2351:was based on the
2289:Furman v. Georgia
2217:sworn into office
2119:Felix Frankfurter
2116:Associate Justice
2104:Harvard Glee Club
2011:Furman v. Georgia
1951:previous nominees
1903:
1902:
1500:Progressive Party
1494:Progressive Party
1488:Progressive Party
982:Clinton (Hillary)
473:Freedom of speech
448:Equal opportunity
326:
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187:November 12, 1908
16:(Redirected from
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5297:MacArthur (1964)
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4841:
4779:
4735:
4451:
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4361:Warren E. Burger
4169:Oliver Ellsworth
4120:
4110:Justices of the
4104:
4097:
4090:
4081:
4052:Preceded by
4036:
4022:Preceded by
4014:
3903:
3884:Armstrong, Scott
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3542:www.law.pitt.edu
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3321:. March 4, 1999.
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3088:, pp. 2–18.
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2952:
2894:Supreme Conflict
2875:Linda Greenhouse
2829:
2828:
2817:
2776:Steven Spielberg
2765:Jefferson Awards
2544:Linda Greenhouse
2378:
2353:right to privacy
2314:William Kunstler
2295:Gregg v. Georgia
2264:Warren E. Burger
2166:Warren E. Burger
2160:Court of Appeals
2146:civil litigation
2123:Bachelor of Laws
2100:Lambda Chi Alpha
2092:Bachelor of Arts
2063:Warren E. Burger
1895:
1888:
1881:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1851:
1850:
1824:
1733:The New Republic
1506:Republican Party
1463:Democratic Party
1127:Kennedy (Robert)
1122:Kennedy (Joseph)
1072:Jackson (Andrew)
523:Social democracy
493:Internationalism
453:Environmentalism
433:Economic freedom
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5728:
5724:O'Connor (2023)
5715:Ginsburg (2020,
5692:Blackmun (1999)
5674:Marshall (1993)
5657:
5650:
5560:
5556:Williams (2022)
5546:Sicknick (2021)
5504:
5483:
5465:
5447:
5434:Ginsburg (2020,
5429:Cummings (2019)
5415:
5336:Humphrey (1978)
5270:Pershing (1948)
5239:L'Enfant (1909)
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4923:J. M. Harlan II
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4313:Harlan F. Stone
4249:Melville Fuller
4217:Salmon P. Chase
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4047:
4045:Donald Roe Ross
4038:
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3910:
3908:Further reading
3900:
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3820:Greenhouse 2005
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3808:Greenhouse 2005
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3499:Greenhouse 2005
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3468:
3467:
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3453:
3451:
3444:"Legal Affairs"
3441:
3440:
3436:
3430:Greenhouse 2005
3428:
3424:
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3412:
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3398:
3392:Greenhouse 2005
3390:
3381:
3375:Greenhouse 2005
3373:
3369:
3363:Greenhouse 2005
3361:
3357:
3331:
3330:
3326:
3315:"Blackmun Obit"
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3195:Greenhouse 2005
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3113:Greenhouse 2005
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3098:Greenhouse 2005
3096:
3092:
3086:Greenhouse 2005
3084:
3080:
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3066:
3058:
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3048:Greenhouse 2005
3046:
3042:
3034:Chicago Tribune
3027:
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3012:
3010:
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2983:
2977:Greenhouse 2005
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2971:
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2953:
2946:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2903:
2856:Yale Law School
2826:
2820:External videos
2749:
2710:Clarence Thomas
2702:
2690:Edward B. Foley
2686:
2661:Anthony Kennedy
2643:
2623:
2504:
2434:
2420:First Amendment
2376:
2329:
2268:Minnesota Twins
2252:
2225:failed nominees
2211:Blackmun as an
2202:
2162:
2083:summa cum laude
2032:
1963:Minnesota Twins
1899:
1860:
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5869:
5864:
5859:
5854:
5844:
5843:
5839:
5838:
5826:
5814:
5802:
5790:
5767:
5766:
5760:
5757:
5756:
5753:
5752:
5750:
5749:
5744:
5738:
5736:
5734:Senate Chamber
5730:
5729:
5727:
5726:
5721:
5712:
5710:Stevens (2019)
5707:
5702:
5694:
5689:
5687:Brennan (1997)
5684:
5676:
5671:
5662:
5660:
5652:
5651:
5649:
5648:
5636:
5628:
5620:
5612:
5600:
5592:
5583:
5581:
5572:
5570:Lain in repose
5566:
5565:
5562:
5561:
5559:
5558:
5553:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5527:
5525:
5516:
5510:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5503:
5502:
5493:
5491:
5485:
5484:
5482:
5481:
5475:
5473:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5463:
5457:
5455:
5449:
5448:
5446:
5445:
5440:
5431:
5425:
5423:
5417:
5416:
5414:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5364:
5352:
5347:
5338:
5333:
5325:
5320:
5318:Dirksen (1969)
5315:
5307:
5299:
5294:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5259:
5251:
5246:
5241:
5236:
5228:
5223:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5203:Stevens (1868)
5200:
5188:
5182:
5180:
5171:
5165:
5164:
5159:
5156:
5155:
5140:
5138:
5137:
5130:
5123:
5115:
5106:
5105:
5102:
5101:
5092:
5090:
5081:
5079:
5078:
5077:(2022–present)
5072:
5071:(2020–present)
5066:
5065:(2018–present)
5060:
5059:(2017–present)
5054:
5053:(2010–present)
5048:
5047:(2009–present)
5042:
5041:(2006–present)
5036:
5030:
5024:
5023:(1991–present)
5018:
5012:
5006:
5000:
4994:
4988:
4980:
4974:
4968:
4962:
4956:
4950:
4944:
4938:
4932:
4926:
4920:
4914:
4908:
4902:
4896:
4890:
4884:
4878:
4872:
4866:
4860:
4854:
4848:
4842:
4834:
4828:
4822:
4816:
4810:
4804:
4798:
4792:
4786:
4780:
4772:
4766:
4760:
4754:
4748:
4742:
4736:
4728:
4722:
4716:
4710:
4704:
4698:
4692:
4686:
4680:
4674:
4668:
4662:
4656:
4650:
4644:
4638:
4632:
4626:
4620:
4614:
4608:
4602:
4596:
4590:
4584:
4578:
4572:
4566:
4560:
4554:
4548:
4542:
4536:
4530:
4524:
4518:
4512:
4506:
4500:
4494:
4488:
4482:
4476:
4470:
4464:
4458:
4452:
4443:
4442:
4439:
4438:
4433:
4426:
4425:
4422:
4421:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4390:
4374:
4358:
4342:
4329:Fred M. Vinson
4326:
4310:
4294:
4278:
4262:
4246:
4233:Morrison Waite
4230:
4214:
4201:Roger B. Taney
4198:
4182:
4166:
4150:
4133:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4125:Chief justices
4123:
4116:
4115:
4109:
4107:
4106:
4099:
4092:
4084:
4076:
4075:
4072:Stephen Breyer
4070:
4067:
4058:
4053:
4049:
4048:
4043:
4040:
4028:
4023:
4019:
4018:
4017:Legal offices
4012:
4011:
4002:
3997:
3991:Harry Blackmun
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3957:
3956:External links
3954:
3953:
3952:
3937:
3926:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3898:
3876:
3860:
3854:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3824:
3812:
3810:, p. 247.
3800:
3770:
3743:Biskupic, Joan
3734:
3698:
3681:Georgetown Law
3668:
3638:
3603:
3588:. Volokh.com.
3577:
3554:
3529:
3503:
3491:
3461:
3434:
3422:
3396:
3394:, p. 235.
3379:
3367:
3365:, p. 185.
3355:
3324:
3306:
3287:
3268:
3250:
3229:
3211:
3209:, p. 506.
3199:
3197:, p. 186.
3182:
3159:
3146:
3117:
3102:
3100:, p. 249.
3090:
3078:
3064:
3052:
3040:
3020:
3001:
2995:. Carl Boyer.
2981:
2979:, p. 250.
2969:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2845:
2844:
2822:
2821:
2758:Stephen Breyer
2748:
2745:
2725:Potter Stewart
2701:
2698:
2685:
2684:Notable clerks
2682:
2642:
2639:
2622:
2621:Women's rights
2619:
2503:
2500:
2488:statutory rape
2433:
2430:
2328:
2325:
2309:Rizzo v. Goode
2251:
2248:
2201:
2198:
2161:
2158:
2114:(where future
2108:Herbert Hoover
2088:Phi Beta Kappa
2048:Dayton's Bluff
2031:
2028:
1971:Stephen Breyer
1901:
1900:
1898:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1870:
1869:
1855:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1815:
1810:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1793:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1750:
1743:
1736:
1729:
1722:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1698:
1691:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1516:Black-and-tans
1503:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1483:People's Party
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1142:King (Coretta)
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1117:Kennedy (John)
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
992:Cuomo (Andrew)
989:
984:
979:
977:Clinton (Bill)
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
908:
905:
904:
901:
900:
897:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
734:King (Coretta)
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
640:
637:
636:
633:
632:
629:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
562:
559:
558:
555:
554:
551:
550:
545:
540:
538:Social welfare
535:
533:Social justice
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
483:Harm Principle
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
443:Egalitarianism
440:
435:
430:
425:
419:
416:
415:
412:
411:
408:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
380:
375:
370:
364:
361:
360:
357:
356:
348:
347:
337:
336:
324:
323:
320:
319:
305:
295:
290:
289:
288:
287:
286:
283:
282:
268:
264:
263:
260:
256:
255:
244:
240:
239:
237:
233:
232:
227:
223:
222:
217:
213:
212:
204:(aged 90)
198:
194:
193:
176:
174:
170:
169:
165:
164:
161:
160:
155:
149:
148:
143:
137:
136:
131:
125:
124:
114:
113:
106:
105:
103:Stephen Breyer
100:
94:
93:
88:
82:
81:
76:
70:
69:
59:
58:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
36:Harry Blackmun
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5949:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5863:
5860:
5858:
5855:
5853:
5850:
5849:
5847:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5825:
5820:
5815:
5813:
5808:
5803:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5789:
5788:United States
5779:
5775:
5763:
5758:
5748:
5745:
5743:
5740:
5739:
5737:
5735:
5731:
5725:
5722:
5719:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5705:Scalia (2016)
5703:
5701:
5699:
5695:
5693:
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5681:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5668:
5664:
5663:
5661:
5659:
5653:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5637:
5635:
5633:
5629:
5627:
5625:
5621:
5619:
5617:
5613:
5610:
5607:
5605:
5601:
5599:
5597:
5593:
5591:
5589:
5585:
5584:
5582:
5580:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5567:
5557:
5554:
5552:
5549:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5541:Graham (2018)
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5528:
5526:
5524:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5514:Lain in honor
5511:
5501:
5499:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5490:
5486:
5480:
5477:
5476:
5474:
5472:
5468:
5462:
5461:Hooper (1875)
5459:
5458:
5456:
5454:
5453:House Chamber
5450:
5444:
5441:
5438:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5426:
5424:
5422:
5418:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5387:
5385:
5384:McCain (2018)
5382:
5380:
5379:Inouye (2012)
5377:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5365:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5353:
5351:
5350:Pepper (1989)
5348:
5346:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5330:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5306:
5304:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5266:
5264:
5260:
5258:
5256:
5252:
5250:
5247:
5245:
5242:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5233:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5220:
5216:
5214:
5213:Wilson (1875)
5211:
5209:
5208:Sumner (1874)
5206:
5204:
5201:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5189:
5187:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5179:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5169:Lain in state
5166:
5162:
5157:
5152:
5148:
5144:
5143:lain in state
5136:
5131:
5129:
5124:
5122:
5117:
5116:
5113:
5096:
5086:
5076:
5073:
5070:
5067:
5064:
5061:
5058:
5055:
5052:
5049:
5046:
5043:
5040:
5037:
5034:
5031:
5028:
5025:
5022:
5019:
5016:
5013:
5010:
5007:
5004:
5001:
4998:
4995:
4992:
4989:
4986:* (1972–1986)
4985:
4981:
4978:
4975:
4972:
4969:
4966:
4963:
4960:
4957:
4954:
4951:
4948:
4945:
4942:
4939:
4936:
4933:
4930:
4927:
4924:
4921:
4918:
4915:
4912:
4909:
4906:
4903:
4900:
4897:
4894:
4891:
4888:
4885:
4882:
4879:
4876:
4873:
4870:
4867:
4864:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4846:
4843:
4840:* (1925–1941)
4839:
4835:
4832:
4829:
4826:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4799:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4787:
4784:
4781:
4778:* (1910–1916)
4777:
4773:
4770:
4767:
4764:
4761:
4758:
4755:
4752:
4749:
4746:
4743:
4740:
4737:
4734:* (1894–1910)
4733:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4720:
4717:
4714:
4711:
4708:
4705:
4702:
4699:
4696:
4693:
4690:
4687:
4684:
4681:
4678:
4675:
4672:
4669:
4666:
4663:
4660:
4657:
4654:
4651:
4648:
4645:
4642:
4639:
4636:
4633:
4630:
4627:
4624:
4621:
4618:
4615:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4603:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4591:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4546:
4543:
4540:
4537:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4522:
4519:
4516:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4504:
4501:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4486:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4450:* (1790–1791)
4449:
4445:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4431:
4427:
4416:
4404:
4403:
4398:
4394:
4391:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4366:
4362:
4359:
4356:
4355:
4350:
4346:
4343:
4340:
4339:
4334:
4330:
4327:
4324:
4323:
4318:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4298:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4286:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4275:
4270:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4259:
4254:
4250:
4247:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4222:
4218:
4215:
4212:
4211:
4206:
4202:
4199:
4196:
4195:
4190:
4186:
4185:John Marshall
4183:
4180:
4179:
4174:
4170:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4158:
4154:
4153:John Rutledge
4151:
4148:
4147:
4142:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4121:
4117:
4113:
4105:
4100:
4098:
4093:
4091:
4086:
4085:
4082:
4073:
4064:
4063:
4056:
4050:
4046:
4037:
4035:
4032:Judge of the
4026:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3960:
3959:
3955:
3950:
3949:0-19-514123-7
3946:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3924:
3923:1-4000-3003-X
3920:
3916:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3901:
3895:
3891:
3890:
3885:
3881:
3880:Woodward, Bob
3877:
3874:
3870:
3869:
3864:
3861:
3857:
3855:0-8050-7791-X
3851:
3847:
3843:
3842:
3837:
3833:
3832:
3828:
3821:
3816:
3813:
3809:
3804:
3801:
3788:
3784:
3780:
3774:
3771:
3758:
3754:
3753:
3748:
3744:
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3074:
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3065:
3062:, p. 97.
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2838:, May 1, 2005
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2804:lay in repose
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2694:Chai Feldblum
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2355:announced in
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2340:Doe v. Bolton
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2206:Richard Nixon
2200:Supreme Court
2199:
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2178:senior status
2175:
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2060:Chief Justice
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2019:
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2013:
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1959:Warren Burger
1956:
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1911:
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638:Intellectuals
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548:Welfare state
546:
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541:
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534:
531:
529:
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524:
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519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
508:Republicanism
506:
504:
503:Mixed economy
501:
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488:Individualism
486:
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420:
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398:
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388:
386:
385:
384:Laissez-faire
381:
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374:
371:
369:
366:
365:
359:
358:
354:
350:
349:
346:
338:
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329:
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276:
272:
269:
265:
261:
257:
241:Dorothy Clark
238:
234:
231:
228:
224:
221:
218:
216:Resting place
214:
209:
200:March 4, 1999
199:
195:
191:
175:
171:
166:
162:
159:
156:
150:
147:
144:
138:
135:
132:
126:
120:
115:
112:
109:Judge of the
107:
104:
101:
95:
92:
89:
83:
80:
79:Richard Nixon
77:
71:
65:
60:
57:
53:
49:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
5761:
5697:
5691:
5679:
5666:
5639:
5631:
5623:
5615:
5603:
5595:
5587:
5551:Evans (2021)
5536:Parks (2005)
5497:
5479:Brown (1996)
5443:Young (2022)
5401:Lewis (2020)
5389:
5367:
5355:
5328:
5310:
5302:
5285:
5262:
5254:
5244:Dewey (1917)
5231:
5226:Logan (1886)
5218:
5191:
5141:Individuals
5084:
4970:
4783:Van Devanter
4671:J. M. Harlan
4400:
4397:2005–present
4393:John Roberts
4384:
4368:
4352:
4336:
4320:
4304:
4288:
4272:
4256:
4240:
4224:
4208:
4192:
4176:
4160:
4144:
4060:
4030:
3963:
3940:
3933:
3914:
3888:
3866:
3844:. New York:
3840:
3815:
3803:
3791:. Retrieved
3787:the original
3782:
3773:
3761:. Retrieved
3750:
3737:
3725:. Retrieved
3714:
3689:. Retrieved
3685:the original
3680:
3671:
3659:. Retrieved
3650:
3641:
3633:
3627:February 27,
3625:. Retrieved
3616:
3606:
3594:. Retrieved
3580:
3568:. Retrieved
3557:
3545:. Retrieved
3541:
3532:
3520:. Retrieved
3516:the original
3506:
3494:
3484:December 13,
3482:. Retrieved
3473:
3464:
3452:. Retrieved
3448:the original
3437:
3425:
3413:. Retrieved
3399:
3370:
3358:
3344:(4): 17–18.
3341:
3337:
3327:
3318:
3309:
3300:
3290:
3281:
3271:
3262:
3253:
3245:PewForum.org
3244:
3224:PBS NewsHour
3223:
3214:
3202:
3173:. Retrieved
3162:
3149:
3139:February 15,
3137:. Retrieved
3093:
3081:
3067:
3055:
3050:, p. 3.
3043:
3032:
3023:
3011:. Retrieved
2991:
2984:
2972:
2962:February 15,
2960:. Retrieved
2892:
2889:Jan Crawford
2884:
2878:
2872:
2867:
2864:David Garrow
2849:In 2004 the
2848:
2835:
2831:
2797:
2779:
2772:Joseph Story
2769:
2762:
2754:Bill Clinton
2750:
2722:
2703:
2687:
2671:
2665:
2652:
2646:
2644:
2634:
2626:
2624:
2612:
2602:
2600:
2593:
2587:
2568:
2566:
2561:
2559:
2554:
2547:
2542:dissent. As
2539:
2529:
2519:
2513:
2507:
2505:
2495:
2491:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2471:
2464:
2451:
2441:
2437:
2435:
2423:
2417:
2411:
2405:
2399:
2397:
2391:
2388:
2380:
2373:
2369:
2367:
2362:
2356:
2348:
2338:
2332:
2330:
2322:
2307:
2305:
2293:
2287:
2260:Constitution
2253:
2245:
2203:
2163:
2127:
2081:
2067:
2033:
2021:
2015:
2009:
2005:
1999:
1993:
1987:
1981:
1977:
1975:
1967:Bill Clinton
1924:
1917:
1905:
1904:
1817:
1787:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1714:Mother Jones
1712:
1705:
1695:The Atlantic
1693:
1686:
1509:
1349:
423:Civil rights
382:
373:Conservative
307:
202:(1999-03-04)
153:Succeeded by
129:Nominated by
118:
98:Succeeded by
74:Nominated by
63:
29:
5857:1999 deaths
5852:1908 births
5742:Byrd (2010)
5411:Reid (2022)
5406:Dole (2021)
5186:Clay (1852)
5035:(1994–2022)
5029:(1993–2020)
5017:(1990–2009)
5011:(1988–2018)
5005:(1986–2016)
4999:(1981–2006)
4993:(1975–2010)
4979:(1972–1987)
4973:(1970–1994)
4967:(1967–1991)
4965:T. Marshall
4961:(1965–1969)
4955:(1962–1965)
4949:(1962–1993)
4943:(1958–1981)
4937:(1957–1962)
4931:(1956–1990)
4925:(1955–1971)
4919:(1949–1956)
4913:(1949–1967)
4907:(1945–1958)
4901:(1943–1949)
4899:W. Rutledge
4895:(1941–1954)
4889:(1941–1942)
4883:(1940–1949)
4877:(1939–1975)
4871:(1939–1962)
4869:Frankfurter
4865:(1938–1957)
4859:(1937–1971)
4853:(1932–1938)
4847:(1930–1945)
4833:(1923–1930)
4827:(1923–1939)
4821:(1922–1938)
4815:(1916–1922)
4809:(1916–1939)
4803:(1914–1941)
4797:(1912–1922)
4791:(1911–1916)
4785:(1911–1937)
4771:(1910–1914)
4765:(1906–1910)
4759:(1903–1922)
4753:(1902–1932)
4747:(1898–1925)
4741:(1896–1909)
4727:(1893–1895)
4721:(1892–1903)
4715:(1891–1906)
4709:(1890–1910)
4703:(1888–1893)
4697:(1882–1893)
4691:(1882–1902)
4685:(1881–1889)
4679:(1881–1887)
4673:(1877–1911)
4667:(1873–1882)
4661:(1870–1892)
4655:(1870–1880)
4649:(1863–1897)
4643:(1862–1877)
4637:(1862–1890)
4631:(1862–1881)
4625:(1858–1881)
4619:(1853–1861)
4613:(1851–1857)
4607:(1846–1870)
4601:(1845–1851)
4595:(1845–1872)
4589:(1842–1860)
4583:(1838–1852)
4577:(1837–1865)
4571:(1836–1841)
4565:(1835–1867)
4559:(1830–1844)
4553:(1829–1861)
4547:(1826–1828)
4541:(1823–1843)
4535:(1812–1845)
4529:(1811–1835)
4523:(1807–1826)
4517:(1807–1823)
4511:(1804–1834)
4505:(1800–1804)
4499:(1798–1829)
4493:(1796–1811)
4487:(1793–1806)
4481:(1792–1793)
4475:(1790–1799)
4469:(1790–1795)
4463:(1789–1798)
4457:(1790–1810)
4448:J. Rutledge
4345:Earl Warren
4005:Appearances
3917:. Vintage.
3846:Times Books
3829:Works cited
3727:October 19,
3691:October 23,
3647:"StackPath"
2868:Roe v. Wade
2832:After Words
2663:'s urging.
2575:sodomy laws
2518:(1976) and
2404:(1989) and
2370:Roe v. Wade
2334:Roe v. Wade
2298:, even the
2276:Minneapolis
2272:Twin Cities
2254:A lifelong
2150:Mayo Clinic
2096:mathematics
1978:Roe v. Wade
1976:Aside from
1939:Mayo Clinic
1935:Twin Cities
1919:Roe v. Wade
1565:Think tanks
1521:Half-Breeds
1262:Rockefeller
1152:La Follette
906:Politicians
804:Schlesinger
513:Rule of law
478:Free market
428:Due process
395:Progressive
141:Preceded by
86:Preceded by
5846:Categories
5311:Eisenhower
5263:W. H. Taft
5075:K. Jackson
4893:R. Jackson
4845:O. Roberts
4819:Sutherland
4801:McReynolds
4725:H. Jackson
4695:Blatchford
4515:Livingston
4509:W. Johnson
4497:Washington
4479:T. Johnson
4066:1970–1994
4055:Abe Fortas
4039:1959–1970
3779:"National"
3763:August 24,
3661:August 15,
3651:fedsoc.org
2935:References
2860:Harold Koh
2756:nominated
2735:, and the
2729:V.P. AGNEW
2678:Pam Karlan
2668:Harold Koh
2536:certiorari
2256:Republican
2221:Abe Fortas
2204:President
2094:degree in
2052:Saint Paul
2044:flour mill
1955:Abe Fortas
1925:Raised in
1768:Sojourners
1726:The Nation
1332:Yarborough
1157:La Guardia
714:Hofstadter
581:Gilded Age
417:Principles
342:Liberalism
230:Republican
183:1908-11-12
91:Abe Fortas
5698:Rehnquist
5632:Roosevelt
5579:East Room
5370:(2006–07,
5303:H. Hoover
5151:in repose
5063:Kavanaugh
5045:Sotomayor
4984:Rehnquist
4935:Whittaker
4381:1986–2005
4365:1969–1986
4349:1953–1969
4333:1946–1953
4317:1941–1946
4301:1930–1941
4285:1921–1930
4269:1910–1921
4253:1888–1910
4237:1874–1888
4221:1864–1873
4205:1836–1864
4189:1801–1835
4173:1796–1800
4141:1789–1795
3793:March 15,
3752:USA Today
3566:. Law.com
3013:March 15,
2940:Citations
2714:St. Louis
2609:Wisconsin
2209:nominated
2154:Rochester
2125:in 1932.
2056:Minnesota
1420:Sotomayor
1327:Wellstone
1307:Stevenson
1087:Jefferson
1017:Feinstein
947:Buttigieg
894:Wellstone
729:Jefferson
719:Ingersoll
704:Galbraith
621:Third Way
576:Fair Deal
405:Third Way
368:Classical
267:Education
119:In office
64:In office
5616:McKinley
5588:Harrison
5232:McKinley
5219:Garfield
5147:in honor
5027:Ginsburg
4997:O'Connor
4971:Blackmun
4953:Goldberg
4947:B. White
4807:Brandeis
4789:J. Lamar
4732:E. White
4701:L. Lamar
4683:Matthews
4623:Clifford
4617:Campbell
4599:Woodbury
4581:McKinley
4539:Thompson
4491:S. Chase
4485:Paterson
4137:John Jay
3892:. Avon.
3886:(1979).
3838:(2005).
3757:Archived
3721:Archived
3655:Archived
3621:Archived
3590:Archived
3547:March 8,
3478:Archived
3409:Archived
3350:12178877
3175:April 2,
3007:Archived
2901:See also
2460:Henry IV
2327:Abortion
2318:liberals
2312:(1976),
2280:St. Paul
2090:with an
1802:See also
1707:HuffPost
1546:Mugwumps
1415:Marshall
1390:Ginsburg
1355:Brandeis
1350:Blackmun
1292:Sharpton
1247:Randolph
1192:McGovern
1187:McCarthy
1147:King Jr.
1112:Kefauver
1092:Jeffries
1067:Humphrey
962:Chisholm
854:Trilling
844:Sullivan
809:Sharpton
774:Nussbaum
754:McGovern
749:McCarthy
739:King Jr.
709:Garrison
699:Friedman
689:Franklin
669:Douglass
659:Commager
606:New Deal
378:Economic
333:a series
259:Children
18:Blackmun
5774:Portals
5718:funeral
5645:funeral
5640:Kennedy
5624:Harding
5609:funeral
5604:Lincoln
5437:funeral
5395:funeral
5373:funeral
5361:funeral
5341:Blassie
5329:Johnson
5291:funeral
5286:Kennedy
5255:Harding
5197:funeral
5192:Lincoln
5069:Barrett
5057:Gorsuch
5009:Kennedy
4991:Stevens
4941:Stewart
4929:Brennan
4875:Douglas
4851:Cardozo
4831:Sanford
4745:McKenna
4739:Peckham
4659:Bradley
4569:Barbour
4557:Baldwin
4545:Trimble
4473:Iredell
4455:Cushing
3964:Callins
3915:My Life
3865:at the
3319:NPR.org
2781:Amistad
2774:in the
2562:Callins
2548:Callins
2540:Callins
2345:Georgia
1599:AFL–CIO
1452:Parties
1430:Stevens
1400:Houston
1385:Dworkin
1380:Douglas
1370:Cardozo
1360:Brennan
1344:Jurists
1317:Wallace
1297:Shriver
1287:Schumer
1257:Reuther
1227:O'Neill
1202:Mondale
1177:Madison
1172:Lindsay
1167:Lincoln
1097:Johnson
1032:Gompers
1027:Glasser
1007:Dukakis
987:Clyburn
927:Anthony
922:Aguilar
864:Thoreau
859:Trotter
839:Stewart
834:Steinem
829:Stanton
814:Skinner
724:Ireland
694:Friedan
679:Emerson
674:Dworkin
560:History
362:Schools
253:
245:
5700:(2005)
5682:(1995)
5680:Burger
5669:(1974)
5667:Warren
5642:(1963,
5634:(1945)
5626:(1923)
5618:(1901)
5606:(1865,
5598:(1850)
5596:Taylor
5590:(1841)
5500:(1873)
5392:(2018,
5358:(2004,
5356:Reagan
5331:(1973)
5313:(1969)
5305:(1964)
5288:(1963,
5265:(1930)
5257:(1923)
5234:(1901)
5221:(1881)
5194:(1865,
5033:Breyer
5021:Thomas
5015:Souter
5003:Scalia
4977:Powell
4959:Fortas
4917:Minton
4905:Burton
4887:Byrnes
4881:Murphy
4825:Butler
4813:Clarke
4795:Pitney
4776:Hughes
4769:Lurton
4751:Holmes
4719:Shiras
4707:Brewer
4653:Strong
4635:Miller
4629:Swayne
4611:Curtis
4593:Nelson
4587:Daniel
4575:Catron
4551:McLean
4527:Duvall
4461:Wilson
4009:C-SPAN
3947:
3921:
3896:
3852:
3634:Bowers
3596:May 4,
3570:May 4,
3522:May 4,
3454:May 4,
3415:May 4,
3348:
2999:
2883:wrote
2842:C-SPAN
2452:Bowers
2448:sodomy
2436:After
2144:, and
2040:German
2020:, and
1992:, and
1823:(1950)
1502:(1948)
1496:(1924)
1490:(1912)
1440:Warren
1425:Souter
1395:Harlan
1375:Darrow
1365:Breyer
1322:Warren
1312:Truman
1242:Powell
1237:Pelosi
1222:Newsom
1217:Nelson
1212:Murray
1207:Murphy
1182:Markey
1102:Jordan
1082:Javits
1062:Huerta
1047:Harris
1012:Farmer
957:Chavez
952:Carter
917:Abrams
884:Warren
849:Sumner
824:Sontag
784:Pinker
769:Nozick
764:Murray
744:Maddow
654:Carson
649:Addams
644:Abbott
400:Social
390:Modern
236:Spouse
210:, U.S.
192:, U.S.
5836:1990s
5824:1980s
5812:1970s
5498:Chase
5051:Kagan
5039:Alito
4911:Clark
4857:Black
4838:Stone
4763:Moody
4713:Brown
4677:Woods
4647:Field
4641:Davis
4605:Grier
4563:Wayne
4533:Story
4503:Moore
4467:Blair
4402:cases
4386:cases
4370:cases
4354:cases
4338:cases
4322:cases
4306:cases
4290:cases
4274:cases
4258:cases
4242:cases
4226:cases
4210:cases
4194:cases
4178:cases
4162:cases
4146:cases
3133:(PDF)
2858:dean
2778:film
2653:Casey
2377:'
2274:" of
2227:were
1761:Salon
1720:MSNBC
1681:Media
1649:NARAL
1634:NAACP
1435:Tribe
1410:Kagan
1302:Smith
1232:Obama
1162:Lewis
1137:Kerry
1107:Kaine
1057:Hoyer
1042:Hamer
1022:Frank
967:Clark
942:Bryan
937:Biden
932:Baker
912:Abzug
889:Wells
874:Vidal
869:Truth
819:Smith
794:Rorty
789:Rawls
779:Paine
684:Frank
664:Dewey
247:(
243:
5762:Bold
5390:Bush
5368:Ford
5149:and
4863:Reed
4689:Gray
4665:Hunt
4521:Todd
4157:1795
3995:IMDb
3945:ISBN
3919:ISBN
3894:ISBN
3850:ISBN
3795:2018
3765:2009
3729:2008
3693:2020
3663:2020
3629:2017
3598:2011
3572:2011
3549:2022
3524:2011
3486:2011
3456:2011
3417:2011
3346:PMID
3177:2022
3141:2022
3015:2018
2997:ISBN
2964:2022
2737:Mets
2692:and
2278:and
2132:and
2086:and
1664:SNCC
1282:Rush
1252:Reid
1197:Milk
1052:Hays
1037:Gore
1002:Dean
972:Clay
879:Ward
799:Rush
759:Mott
197:Died
173:Born
5800:Law
4757:Day
4007:on
3993:at
3936:70.
3282:NPR
3263:CNN
2891:'s
2877:of
2625:In
2496:Roe
2492:Roe
2478:Roe
2474:Roe
2438:Roe
2412:Roe
2392:Roe
2374:Roe
2363:Roe
2349:Roe
2152:in
2006:Roe
1701:CNN
279:LLB
5848::
5343:/
5145:,
4399:,
4383:,
4367:,
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