42:
252:
says that when
Caligula married her, she was neither beautiful nor young, and was already the mother of three daughters by her first marriage. He describes her as a woman of reckless extravagance and wantonness, whom Caligula nonetheless loved passionately and faithfully. According to
174:, Milonia was born toward the beginning of the first century, but the year is not certain. Her birthday was celebrated between 2 June and 4 June. Caesonius Maximus was believed by Marco Agosti to have been her father. The
278:, the emperor would parade Milonia in front of his troops, and sometimes displayed her naked in front of select friends. In an odd demonstration of affection, he would jokingly threaten to have her tortured or killed.
238:
Milonia was married first to a man of uncertain name, some historians have speculated that he was the Rufus mentioned to be married to a woman named
Caesonia who was born on the same date as
187:
565:
289:
reports that she died bravely: stricken with grief at her husband's death, she willingly offered her neck to the assassin, telling him to kill her without hesitation.
257:, the two entered into an affair some time before their marriage, either late in AD 39 or early in 40, and the emperor's choice of a bride was an unpopular one. The
1507:
1349:
604:
1425:
1391:
1233:
613:
368:
282:
268:
246:. Marco Agosti identified him as Instanius (sometimes corrected as Instantius, Insantius, Istantius or Istanius) Rufus, a patron of Martial.
147:
113:
55:
1502:
1354:
1299:
1096:
878:
456:
400:
1126:
1101:
1030:
1182:
1121:
597:
1309:
1238:
1223:
1091:
923:
908:
1512:
1171:
764:
281:
On 24 January, AD 41, Caligula was slain by an assassin. As part of the wider conspiracy, Milonia and her daughter
1517:
227:
215:
207:
1344:
1228:
1166:
1132:
845:
1176:
590:
1262:
1251:
1111:
883:
868:
343:
325:
195:
1446:
975:
785:
223:
125:
1319:
1257:
1188:
1045:
657:
186:. Milonia had six half-brothers, five of whom are known, Servius Cornelius Scipio Orfitus (whose son,
1420:
1339:
1198:
1106:
933:
739:
702:
1398:
1381:
1361:
1324:
1304:
1156:
790:
1497:
1371:
1329:
1289:
1244:
1151:
1025:
697:
672:
429:
307:
264:
suggests that
Caligula's madness was the result of a love potion administered to him by Milonia.
560:
1453:
1282:
1208:
1081:
1015:
898:
873:
862:
800:
754:
504:
452:
396:
106:
1522:
1476:
indicates a consort to an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper, and
1458:
1408:
1403:
1314:
1294:
1277:
1213:
1193:
1064:
1035:
985:
830:
774:
732:
722:
712:
41:
1366:
1334:
1267:
1218:
1138:
963:
958:
943:
918:
840:
795:
687:
682:
677:
662:
637:
355:
302:
203:
1413:
1272:
1203:
1146:
953:
805:
749:
744:
717:
667:
642:
320:
391:
Valverde, Juan Fernández; Castillo, Alberto Marina; Soldevila, Rosario Moreno (2019).
1491:
1441:
1386:
1376:
1076:
1040:
1000:
995:
893:
810:
577:
175:
151:
79:
47:
780:
692:
350:
191:
183:
179:
727:
582:
338:
267:
Milonia was pregnant at the time of the marriage, and gave birth to a daughter,
254:
87:
948:
622:
1005:
850:
652:
275:
249:
1161:
1086:
969:
835:
820:
566:
Frauen um
Caligula und Claudius: Milonia Caesonia, Drusilla und Messalina
286:
239:
171:
154:
135:
99:
433:
417:
271:, only one month later (or according to Suetonius, on her wedding day).
17:
1116:
1050:
1020:
903:
888:
707:
261:
243:
120:
157:
from their marriage in AD 39 until they were both assassinated in 41.
1010:
856:
258:
913:
632:
297:
Milonia has been portrayed several times on film and television:
199:
178:
was of modest origin, and had only recently come to prominence.
83:
586:
198:(consul in 39, and a distinguished general under Claudius and
561:
Memoirs of the
American Academy in Rome, Volym 40. p. 45
182:
on the other hand argued that her father was likely a
1434:
1063:
984:
932:
819:
763:
621:
285:were murdered just hours after Caligula's demise.
131:
119:
105:
93:
73:
69:
61:
54:
34:
395:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 98.
449:A Commentary on Martial, Epigrams Book 9, Band 9
472:
470:
468:
27:Fourth and last wife of Roman emperor Caligula
598:
8:
1472:indicates a consort to a junior co-emperor,
188:Servius Cornelius Scipio Salvidienus Orfitus
929:
605:
591:
583:
31:
380:
46:Milonia Caesonia from a coin minted by
447:Henriksén, Christer (9 August 2012).
393:A Prosopography to Martial's Epigrams
386:
384:
369:List of Roman and Byzantine empresses
313:1966 – Krista Keller in the TV movie
7:
150:as the fourth and last wife of the
111:3 daughters from the first husband,
331:1975 – Yvonne Lex in the TV movie
25:
1508:Murdered ancient Roman empresses
202:, was the father of the empress
40:
1:
1480:incidates an empress regnant.
534:, "The Life of Caligula", 33.
480:, "The Life of Caligula", 25.
226:(consul in 43, and father of
1310:Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera
1503:1st-century Roman empresses
578:Coinage of Milonia Caesonia
532:The Lives of Twelve Caesars
478:The Lives of Twelve Caesars
451:. OUP Oxford. p. 171.
1539:
242:(24 October) in a poem by
228:Marcus Suillius Nerullinus
216:Publius Pomponius Secundus
208:Quintus Pomponius Secundus
1467:
1345:Elena Asenina of Bulgaria
846:Flavia Maximiana Theodora
39:
418:"Caligula and his Wives"
305:in the uncompleted film
274:In the account given by
65:AD 39 – 24 January AD 41
1263:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
869:Flavia Julia Constantia
545:Antiquities of the Jews
353:in the theatrical film
196:Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo
786:Marcia Otacilia Severa
224:Publius Suillius Rufus
1350:Theodora Palaiologina
1320:Anna Komnene Angelina
1258:Catherine of Bulgaria
1189:Eudokia Dekapolitissa
658:Agrippina the Younger
1421:Sophia of Montferrat
1340:Anna of Hohenstaufen
1199:Theophano Martinakia
1107:Theodora of Khazaria
740:Julia Cornelia Paula
703:Faustina the Younger
1399:Keratsa of Bulgaria
1382:Helena Kantakouzene
1362:Irene of Montferrat
1325:Philippa of Armenia
1305:Margaret of Hungary
1157:Theophano of Athens
976:Julius Nepos's wife
791:Herennia Etruscilla
614:Roman and Byzantine
416:Wardle, D. (1998).
1513:1st-century births
1426:Maria of Trebizond
1392:Irene Palaiologina
1372:Irene of Brunswick
1330:Maria of Courtenay
1290:Bertha of Sulzbach
698:Faustina the Elder
673:Statilia Messalina
293:In popular culture
1518:Wives of Caligula
1485:
1484:
1454:Byzantine emperor
1283:Dobrodeia of Kiev
1059:
1058:
863:Valeria Maximilla
801:Cornelia Salonina
755:Sallustia Orbiana
341:in the TV series
323:in the TV series
230:, consul in 50).
146:(died AD 41) was
141:
140:
16:(Redirected from
1530:
1404:Irene Gattilusio
1315:Eudokia Angelina
1295:Maria of Antioch
1278:Irene of Hungary
1214:Zoe Karbonopsina
1194:Eudokia Ingerina
1067:Byzantine Empire
930:
775:Caecilia Paulina
733:Fulvia Plautilla
723:Manlia Scantilla
713:Bruttia Crispina
648:Milonia Caesonia
607:
600:
593:
584:
548:
541:
535:
528:
522:
515:
509:
500:
494:
487:
481:
474:
463:
462:
444:
438:
437:
413:
407:
406:
388:
170:The daughter of
144:Milonia Caesonia
97:Rufus (possibly)
77:24 January AD 41
44:
35:Milonia Caesonia
32:
21:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1481:
1463:
1430:
1367:Rita of Armenia
1355:Anna of Hungary
1335:Irene Laskarina
1300:Agnes of France
1268:Maria of Alania
1219:Helena Lekapene
1069:
1066:
1055:
988:
980:
964:Marcia Euphemia
959:Licinia Eudoxia
936:
928:
919:Aelia Flaccilla
841:Galeria Valeria
823:
815:
796:Cornelia Supera
767:
759:
688:Pompeia Plotina
683:Domitia Longina
678:Galeria Fundana
663:Claudia Octavia
638:Livia Orestilla
625:
617:
611:
574:
557:
555:Further reading
552:
551:
542:
538:
529:
525:
516:
512:
501:
497:
488:
484:
475:
466:
459:
446:
445:
441:
415:
414:
410:
403:
390:
389:
382:
377:
365:
303:Leonora Corbett
295:
236:
204:Domitia Longina
168:
163:
112:
98:
78:
50:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1536:
1534:
1526:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1490:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1414:Anna of Moscow
1406:
1401:
1396:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1275:
1273:Irene Doukaina
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1248:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1209:Eudokia Baïana
1206:
1204:Zoe Zaoutzaina
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1147:Maria of Amnia
1144:
1136:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1073:
1071:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
992:
990:
986:Eastern Empire
982:
981:
979:
978:
973:
966:
961:
956:
954:Galla Placidia
951:
946:
940:
938:
934:Western Empire
927:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
859:
854:
848:
843:
838:
833:
827:
825:
817:
816:
814:
813:
808:
806:Ulpia Severina
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
771:
769:
761:
760:
758:
757:
752:
750:Annia Faustina
747:
745:Aquilia Severa
742:
737:
725:
720:
718:Flavia Titiana
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
668:Poppaea Sabina
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
643:Lollia Paulina
640:
635:
629:
627:
626:27 BC – AD 235
619:
618:
612:
610:
609:
602:
595:
587:
581:
580:
573:
572:External links
570:
569:
568:
563:
556:
553:
550:
549:
547:, xix. 2. § 4.
536:
523:
510:
495:
482:
464:
457:
439:
428:(1): 109–126.
408:
401:
379:
378:
376:
373:
372:
371:
364:
361:
360:
359:
347:
335:
329:
321:Barbara Murray
317:
311:
294:
291:
283:Julia Drusilla
269:Julia Drusilla
235:
232:
167:
164:
162:
159:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
126:Julio-Claudian
123:
117:
116:
114:Julia Drusilla
109:
103:
102:
95:
91:
90:
75:
71:
70:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
52:
51:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1535:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1442:Roman emperor
1440:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1410:
1409:Helena Dragaš
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1387:Irene Asanina
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1377:Anna of Savoy
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1284:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1077:Fabia Eudokia
1075:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1062:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1041:Ino Anastasia
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
1001:Aelia Eudocia
999:
997:
996:Aelia Eudoxia
994:
993:
991:
987:
983:
977:
974:
972:
971:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
941:
939:
935:
931:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
894:Marina Severa
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
864:
860:
858:
855:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
828:
826:
822:
818:
812:
811:Magnia Urbica
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
776:
773:
772:
770:
766:
762:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
735:
734:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
630:
628:
624:
620:
615:
608:
603:
601:
596:
594:
589:
588:
585:
579:
576:
575:
571:
567:
564:
562:
559:
558:
554:
546:
540:
537:
533:
527:
524:
520:
519:Roman History
517:Cassius Dio,
514:
511:
507:
506:
499:
496:
492:
491:Roman History
489:Cassius Dio,
486:
483:
479:
473:
471:
469:
465:
460:
458:9780199606313
454:
450:
443:
440:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
412:
409:
404:
402:9783110624755
398:
394:
387:
385:
381:
374:
370:
367:
366:
362:
358:
357:
352:
348:
346:
345:
340:
336:
334:
330:
328:
327:
322:
318:
316:
312:
310:
309:
304:
300:
299:
298:
292:
290:
288:
284:
279:
277:
272:
270:
265:
263:
260:
256:
251:
247:
245:
241:
233:
231:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
176:gens Caesonia
173:
165:
160:
158:
156:
153:
152:Roman emperor
149:
148:Roman empress
145:
137:
134:
130:
127:
124:
122:
118:
115:
110:
108:
104:
101:
96:
92:
89:
85:
81:
80:Palatine Hill
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
57:
56:Roman empress
53:
49:
48:Herod Agrippa
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1412:
1390:
1353:
1281:
1250:
1243:
1181:
1139:
1131:
968:
861:
781:Tranquillina
731:
693:Vibia Sabina
647:
544:
539:
531:
526:
518:
513:
503:
498:
490:
485:
477:
448:
442:
425:
421:
411:
392:
354:
351:Helen Mirren
342:
332:
324:
314:
306:
296:
280:
273:
266:
248:
237:
219:
211:
180:David Wardle
169:
143:
142:
29:
1474:underlining
1046:Constantina
728:Julia Domna
530:Suetonius,
476:Suetonius,
344:I, Claudius
339:Freda Dowie
326:The Caesars
308:I, Claudius
255:Cassius Dio
222:in 44) and
194:in AD 51),
1492:Categories
1177:Euphrosyne
949:Thermantia
909:Constantia
623:Principate
543:Josephus,
375:References
166:Early life
1498:41 deaths
1229:Theophano
1167:Theodosia
1142:of Athens
1097:Anastasia
1006:Pulcheria
851:Minervina
653:Messalina
616:empresses
508:VI.615-20
502:Juvenal,
276:Suetonius
250:Suetonius
234:Marriages
220:suffectus
212:suffectus
1459:Augustae
1435:See also
1252:Theodora
1234:Theodora
1224:Theodora
1183:Theodora
1162:Prokopia
1152:Theodote
1087:Gregoria
1070:610–1453
1065:Eastern/
1031:Theodora
1026:Euphemia
970:Placidia
879:Faustina
836:Eutropia
821:Dominate
434:41538212
363:See also
356:Caligula
333:Caligula
315:Caligula
287:Josephus
259:satirist
240:Domitian
218:(consul
214:in 41),
210:(consul
184:Milonius
172:Vistilia
155:Caligula
136:Vistilia
100:Caligula
18:Caesonia
1523:Milonii
1470:Italics
1127:Eudokia
1117:Tzitzak
1102:Eudokia
1082:Martina
1051:Leontia
1021:Zenonis
1016:Ariadne
989:395–610
937:395–480
904:Domnica
899:Justina
889:Charito
874:Eusebia
824:284–610
768:235–285
708:Lucilla
505:Satires
422:Latomus
349:1979 –
337:1976 –
319:1968 –
301:1937 –
262:Juvenal
244:Martial
121:Dynasty
1239:Helena
1172:Thekla
1092:Fausta
1036:Sophia
1011:Verina
884:Helena
857:Fausta
831:Prisca
765:Crisis
455:
432:
399:
192:consul
190:, was
132:Mother
94:Spouse
62:Tenure
1140:Irene
1122:Maria
1112:Maria
944:Maria
924:Galla
914:Laeta
633:Livia
521:, 28.
493:, 23.
430:JSTOR
107:Issue
88:Italy
1478:bold
1447:list
1411:(w.
1389:(w.
1352:(w.
1280:(w.
1133:Anna
730:(w.
453:ISBN
397:ISBN
200:Nero
161:Life
84:Rome
74:Died
1245:Zoë
853:(?)
777:(?)
206:),
1494::
467:^
426:57
424:.
420:.
383:^
86:,
82:,
1417:)
1395:)
1358:)
1286:)
736:)
606:e
599:t
592:v
461:.
436:.
405:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.