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using standard household items. They tested mixtures of tea and coffee combined with agents to balance the pH and successfully made printable images for exposed film.
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modifier, most often sodium carbonate. The chemistry of caffenol developers is based on the action of the
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70:) chemicals can be used in place of sodium carbonate; however, sodium carbonate is the most common.
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A website that collects blogs and information to help with successful
Caffenol film development.
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Since then, the process has successfully been adapted for beer, red wine, and infusions with
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There are many formulas for caffenol, all based on preparations that contain
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Film
Photography Project: Coffee Break – Develop Film at Home with Caffenol
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154:"A Use for that Last Cup of Coffee: Film and Paper Development"
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246:"Polyphenol Developer Alternatives – A World full of Options"
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105:, led by Scott Williams, developed a method of developing
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caffeic acid, which is chemically unrelated to caffeine.
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Developing Film in Coffee, Caffenol C and Agfa APX 100
101:The 1995 technical photographic chemistry class at
16:Alternative photographic film development process
263:Chart: Developing times for Caffenol developers
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190:"Digitaltruth Photo: Caffenol Formulas"
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215:Moschetti, Vincent (March 15, 2017).
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156:. Rochester Institute of Technology.
244:Keating, Daniel (August 18, 2020).
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103:Rochester Institute of Technology
217:"How to Develop Film with Beer"
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231:"Wineol – Red Wine developer"
179:, Film Photography Project.
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289:Photographic chemicals
175:June 24, 2021, at the
57:photographic developer
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28:developed in caffenol.
116:-rich foods, such as
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55:as a film and print
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196:on March 22, 2016
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192:. Archived from
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66:(as opposed to
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219:. PetaPixel.
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198:. Retrieved
194:the original
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75:caffeic acid
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51:are used in
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128:seed pods.
132:References
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26:35 mm film
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283:Category
248:. 35MMC.
173:Archived
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122:rosemary
85:) and a
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33:Caffenol
270:(video)
97:History
77:(i.e.,
41:phenols
124:, and
118:cloves
79:coffee
68:acidic
62:Other
64:basic
202:2011
83:tea
81:or
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87:pH
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