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883:) with walls over 2 m thick and 5ā6 m high. It had 7 towers over 10 m, 3 of which are rectangular, 2 shaped as a quarter of a circle and 2 intermediate towers in the shape of a horseshoe (U). The fort also had a gate 2.5 m wide on the SE side that was the link to the rest of the territory, and a strategic outlet on the SW side of the tower towards the Danube, where the port used to be.
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548:(179, 3 and 186). The entire territory took the name "territorium capidavense". Petculescu noted that in the zone of the Danubian frontier zone the names of the sites of the forts and the civilian settlements related to them were overwhelmingly of pre-Roman origin, mostly Geto-Dacian. In the southern part of the frontier there was a concentration of names ending in
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64:
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41:
552:, characteristic of the Geto-Dacian hill-forts, indicating that the Roman army found a lot of local tribes dwelling in fortified sites according to their traditions. Nevertheless, Capidava is one of the few Roman-era settlements with indigenous names in the area where no significant pre-Roman settlement was found.
1041:
In 1969, in the ancient Geto-Dacian settlement of
Capidava that subsequently become a Roman fortress, it was discovered a pitcher (of local make, in the Roman-Byzantine tradition) which ā beside the sign of the cross and the Greek alphabet ā carries the name Petre (a common name in the Danube valley,
3624:
1406:
Notitia
Dignitatum imperii romani (Basel ?, cca. 1436), Paris, BibliothĆØque nationale de France. Manuscripts. Latin 9661 (fol. 101 verso). See the catalogue L'Or des princes barbares. Du Caucase Ć la Gaule Ve siĆØcles aprĆØs J.-C., MusĆ©e des AntiquitĆ©s nationales, chĆ¢teau de Saint-Germain-en-Laye
1069:
Visitors can see the impressive precinct wall, the fortified settlement gate with a tower, the trajectory of the tower foundations in the shape of horseshoes. In the south part of the fortified settlement along 1/3 of its length one can see the foundation of the defensive wall and late fort, as well
784:
The
Constantinian and post-Constantinian phase had rectangular and U-shaped towers. After the Slavo-Avar attacks of 580-581 the curtain wall was restored. The late fort was built in the southern quarter of the citadel after 594/595, whose occupation did not go far beyond the dates of the last coins
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The shores of the Danube were well monitored from the Dacian fortresses
Acidava, Buricodava, Dausadava (the shrine of the wolves), Diacum, Drobeta (Turnu Severin), Nentivava (Oltenita), Suvidava (Corabia), Tsirista, Tierna/Dierna (Orsova) and what is today Zimnicea. Downstream were also other
577:
Based on the literary evidence that confirms both the existence and the importance of
Capidava and also based on the archaeological pre-Roman evidence, some take into consideration the hypothesis that the Getic fortress might have been razed to the ground through the building of the Roman
1086:
is an island that only comes to surface for a few summer months when the Danube river dries. The 2 kilometers wide island is not present on any map, therefore this interesting phenomenon attracted science fiction fans who started organizing every year an ecological summer camp: the
1070:
as the trajectory of the ditch protecting it. In this sector was uncovered the building of the guards. Inside the fortified settlement one can look at several buildings raised around a private square, fitted with porches, as well as access paths and sewerage canals. Out of 8 dolia (
2187:
OpriČ, Ioan & RaÅ£iu, Alexandru. (2019). The northern supply chain in quaestura exercitus. 6th to early 7th century amphorae at
Capidava ā archaeology of the annona for limes Scythicus. In RAIA Bulletin (Romanian Archaeological Institute in Athens Bulletin), I, BucureČti, 2019.
754:
and of Roman citizens (CIL., iii, 14214, 26). According to PĆ¢rvan, by 130-150 AD Capidava was already
Romanized. Roman veterans settled in the canabae (civilian settlement attached to military base) or maybe also in the old Getic village that was not far away. Inscriptions with
686:, as he used this part of Moesia as a starting point of his expeditions over the Danube against the Dacians. The changing fate of these expeditions and the chaotic effect of two successive defeats hindered systematic strengthening and garrisoning the bank of the Danube.
1622:, p. 31. V. PĆ¢rvan explica astfel organizarea administrativÄ a Capidavei Či a teritoriului Capidavens: Capidava era un vechi pagus dacic ā aČa cum pÄrea sÄ rezulte din inscripČia lui Aurelius Hermes paganus ā atribuit castelului roman intemeiat in apropiere ā
2561:
2509:
1803:; Vai, Stefania; Pilli, Elena; Mircea, Cristina; Radu, Claudia; Urduzia, Claudia; Pinter, Zeno Karl; BodolicÄ, Vitalie; Dobrinescu, CÄtÄlin; Hervella, Montserrat; Popescu, Octavian; Lari, Martina; Caramelli, David; Kelemen, Beatrice (14 March 2018).
585:
Historians such as
Suceveanu, Miclea and Florescu consider that the pre-Roman indigenous Getic settlement of Capidava, located at some distance from the future Roman fortress gave the name Capidava. On the site of modern Capidava village, there is a
987:. Starting from 1924 and continuing in 1926 and 1927 they initiated here archaeological excavations, led by one of Vasile Parvan's assistants, Grigore Florescu, later a lecturer in epigraphy and antiquities with the Faculty of Letters of the
845:
The site on a massive rock standing on the Danube provided a large surveillance area. The massif also had a natural moat starting from the Danube, turning around it on the NE side, almost up to the east corner of the fortified settlement.
978:
identified it and asked Pamfil
Polonic Sr. to create a concise plan of the ruins. Right after the war, PĆ¢rvan intended to undertake a vast project of archaeological research in Dobrudja likely to be joined by all his pupils in
1724:
Ovidiu Čentea, Ioan C. OpriČ, Florian Matei-Popescu, Alexandru RaČiu, Constantin BÄjenaru, Vlad CÄlina, Frontiera romanÄ din
Dobrogea. O trecere Ć®n revistÄ Či o actualizare, CercetÄri Arheologice, Vol. 26, pag. 23, 2019, doi:
675:(commander of the seashore). In 46 AD, when the Kingdom of the Sapaei ceased to exist, it is likely that small Roman garrisons were stationed in the old Dacian settlements on the bank of the Danube, including in Capidava.
963:, that is "the village of the fortified settlement". The first scientific explorers of the Dobruja's land, from the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century were captain
639:
The archaeological material of the 2nd century AD is mixed in character: Geto-Dacian and Roman. The funeral stone of the Cocceius family from Capidava, dated Roman epoch, has a relief of the
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fortresses: Axiopolis (Cernadova), Barbosi, Buteridava, Capidava (Topalu), Carsium (Harsova), Durostorum (Silistra), Sacidava/Sagadava (Dunareni) along with still others...
425:
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The Cambridge Ancient History, By John Boardman, 2nd Edition, Volume 3, The Prehistory of the Balkans, the Middle East and the Aegean World, Tenth to Eighth Centuries BC
536:
Capidava took its name from the old Getic dava "settlement". "Capidava" has the characteristic Dacian ending, the suffix ādava meaning "settlement, village, town". This
3442:
629:. PĆ¢rvan identified the fort mentioned by Dio with future Roman fort Capidava, stating the locations described in the ancient source fit well with the modern location.
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466:. The map provides distances between Axiopolis, Capidava and Carsium which coincide with the distances between the sites. This is also verified by the discovery of a
715:, the strategic importance of Capidava made the Romans establish a military station as well as to settle and develop a civil centre. The settlement was probably a
999:. Until 1954 he worked alone, helped from time to time by his students. Between 1949 and 1954, the excavations at Capidava as well as other field research on the
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1014:, clay buckets, jars, bowls, lamps. At the same time, they uncovered metal, bone, glass, stone, earth artifacts and coins. The coins date from the time of
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1407:(21 septembre 2000 ā 8 janvier 2001)/ Reiss-Museum Mannheim (11 fĆ©vrier ā 4 juin 2001), Ćditions des la RĆ©union des MusĆ©es nationaux, Paris, 2000, p. 21.
1215:
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Petculescu, Liviu (2006). "The Roman Army as a Factor of Romanisation in the North-Eastern Part of Moesia Inferior". In TĆønnes, Bekker-Nielsen (ed.).
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known from a funerary inscription discovered at Capidava Nonetheless, PĆ¢rvan admitted a "vicus canabarum" beside the old "Dacian" pagus of Capidava.
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The fort was also provided with a port including a wharf below the water, and storage and other annexes on the upper terrace, as well as with
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Irimia, Mihai (2007). "ConsideraČii privind aČezÄrile getice din Dobrogea Či problema existenČei unor emporia Ć®n zona DunÄrii Inferioare".
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At the time of Hadrian and even earlier at the time of Trajan, Roman farmers already dwelt in isolated settlements, in the so-called
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toponym, means the "curve fortified settlement". The Getic name had been preserved by the Romans under the form Capidava in the
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In the spring of 1036, an invasion of the Pechenegs devastated large parts of the region, destroying the forts at Capidava and
643:. Representation of the ox drawn plow of Getians had been preserved on the so-called "Quadratus grave" discovered at Capidava.
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between the forts standing on the Lower Danube limes and found under the authority of the military commander of the province (
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2500:
746:. Separated from them, South Thracian colonists, Bessians, inhabited also isolated villages. The population of its district (
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settlement of Geto-Dacian culture, dated to 5th century - 2nd century BC. At 4 km south of Capidava, on the bank of
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2143:[The strengthening of the Lower Danube limes in Dobrudja on the eve of the Dacian-Roman wars of emperor Trajan]
156:
1251:"Strategii defensive Či politici transfrontaliere. Integrarea spaČiului DunÄrii de Jos Ć®n civilizaČia romanÄ (STRATEG)"
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The fort continued to function without many problems, except for the change in the garrison troops, after 243 AD when
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1038:. The sculptural monuments uncovered number 15 and are capitals, a hand, a shaft-column, a leg, a serpent, an eagle.
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20:
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Limes Scythiae: Topographical and Stratigraphical Research on the Late Roman Fortifications on the Lower Danube
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conducted an expedition beyond the river in order to keep away the restless Dacians and their new allies, the
2419:. Bucharest, Romania: Institute for Cultural Memory (Institutul de Memorie CulturalÄ) - cIMeC. Archived from
2088:. Bucharest, Romania: Institute for Cultural Memory (Institutul de Memorie CulturalÄ) - cIMeC. Archived from
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1027:
988:
712:
693:
1957:
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and on the measurements made on the ground, following the distance indicated in the Tabula Peutingeriana.
250:
219:
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3677:
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2837:
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890:(public bath house) outside the precinct walls, to the south-east. The port was a station of the fleet
767:) and Tsiru dating to 2nd century have been discovered at the site: "Tsiru son of Bassus in ISM V 27".
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477:
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1074:) - a general term for rough pottery artifacts, brick ones, tile ones, sewerage pipes - 3 were left.
798:
451:
107:
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DACIA AVGVSTI PROVINCIA, Crearea provinciei, actele simpozionului desfÄČurat la 13-14 octombrie 2006
1908:"Inelul de Piatra, insula misterioasa din Dunare, care sta la suprafata apei doar cateva luni pe an"
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Atlantykron Summer academy gathers people who are passionate about astronomy and science fiction.
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The fort was restored in the second half of the 3rd century after the destruction by the Goths.
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makes mention of the retreat of Dapyx into his fort after his defeat in 28 BC at the hand of
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2141:"Fortificarea limesului dobrogean de la DunÄrea de Jos Ć®n preajma rÄzboaielor daco-romane"
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544:(224, 3), Calidava in the Tabula Peutingeriana (VIII, 3) and Cappidava or Capidapa in the
371:
203:
138:
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cemetery with rich incineration graves and further to the south with more modest graves.
598:. Beside the Geto-Dacian ceramic, fragments of Roman vases are scattered here and there.
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2151:(in Romanian and English). Bucharest, Romania: Muzeul NaČional de Istorie a RomĆ¢niei (
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led the researches at Capidava until 1960, when he died on the archaeological site of
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4455:
4277:
4267:
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2555:- hosted by the Public Office for Tourism, Commerce and Public Services, part of the
2503:- hosted by the Public Office for Tourism, Commerce and Public Services, part of the
2415:
Florescu, Radu; Manea, Florentina. OberlƤnder-TĆ¢rnoveanu, Irina; Bor, Corina (eds.).
2084:
Florescu, Radu; Manea, Florentina. OberlƤnder-TĆ¢rnoveanu, Irina; Bor, Corina (eds.).
1634:, p. 92. Les materiaux archeologiques ont un caractere mixte romain et geto-dace
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that indicates the distance of 18,000 feet (27 km) from Axiopolis to Capidava.
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1984:. Pub. House of the Bible and Mission Institute of the Romanian Orthodox Church.
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Polome, E.C. (1982). "Balkan Languages (Illyrian, Thracian and Daco-Moesian)".
2219:(in Romanian and French). BucureČti, Romania: Cvltvra NaČionalÄ. Archived from
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Capidava fortified settlement is a tourist attraction in Dobruja area, next to
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identified the Geto-Dacian Capidava as the center of power for the Getic king
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Dacian kingdoms succeeding Burebista's state and preceding Decebalus' state
1856:
823:. In 1046 the Byzantines accepted the settling of Pechenegs under Kegen in
594:, there are strong Geto-Dacian traces, dating back to the second period of
959:
village (a military colony) founded in the 18th century under the name of
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realised the strategic importance of the land between the Danube and the
679:
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506:) a cavalry unit or detachment of units under the command of the Duke of
366:. After the Roman conquest, it became a civil and military centre in the
971:
who mentioned the fortification and gathered antiquities from its area.
955:
The ruins at Capidava were known by word of mouth from long ago, as the
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PĆ¢rvan identified the administrative form of Capidava as an old Dacian
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This article is about the ancient city in Romania. For other uses, see
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1805:"Maternal DNA lineages at the gate of Europe in the 10th century AD"
1726:
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The location of Capidava is verified by an inscription mentioning a
40:
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FĆ¢ntĆ¢nele: contribuČii la studiul vieČii rurale Ć®n Dobrogea, Romana
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Dacia: Land of Transylvania, Cornerstone of Ancient Eastern Europe
1205:
1030:. Of the total of almost 50 epigraphic monuments uncovered 25 are
904:
Human remains in the necropolis have been studied by geneticists.
751:
747:
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633:
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564:
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2469:(in Romanian and English). Ioan OpriČ/capidava.ro. Archived from
2171:(in Romanian and English). Ioan OpriČ/capidava.ro. Archived from
667:, as northern Dobruja was left to the forces of the kings of the
4337:
4332:
3809:
3690:
1457:
1455:
671:, the allies of the Romans, helped by the forces commanded by a
3642:
2584:
879:
The fort is rectangular with NW-SE sides of 105 x 127 m (1.33
2322:
The Social and economic history of the Roman empire: Volume 2
2050:
InscripČiile din Scythia Minor:Capidava, Troesmis, Noviodunum
1325:
1323:
655:
had reached the Danube as early as 14 AD, when the commander
833:. They established some form of domination until 1059, when
2543:
Official Capidava Fortress Site at ConstanČa County Council
2491:
Official Capidava Fortress Site at ConstanČa County Council
1884:
Archaeology in Romania: the mystery of the Roman occupation
1006:
The most important monuments uncovered at Capidava include
1484:
1482:
974:
In an archaeological survey conducted before World War I,
897:
To the E and NE of the fortified settlement stretched the
2275:
Dictionar de istorie veche a RomĆ¢niei: (paleolitic-sec.X)
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in the 10th century, also hosting the local population.
2301:
Pop, Ioan Aurel; Bolovan, Ioan; Andea, Susana (2006).
1295:
1293:
1042:
interpreted as Romanian by some Romanian historians).
3625:
Dacian fortresses, settlements, sanctuaries and tombs
2245:(in Romanian). BucureČti, Romania: Editura Meridiane.
569:
Pottery markers found at Capidava, in display at the
2277:(in Romanian). Editura ČtiinČificÄ Či enciclopedicÄ.
2107:
Topographie des fortifications romaines en Dobroudja
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Romanian National Institute of Historical Monuments
2514:
Romanian National Institute of Historical Monuments
1442:"Late Roman Shield Patterns - Dux Moesiae secundae"
1058:. It can be reached through the road from HĆ¢rČova (
663:. But the legions deployed their troops only up to
378:) and part of the defensive frontier system of the
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166:
144:
132:
127:
117:
103:
95:
87:
79:
30:
2205:. Librariile SOCEC, Sfetea si Libraria Nationala.
2196:. Librariile SOCEC, Sfetea si Libraria Nationala.
2116:"Linguae Thraco-Daco-Moesorum - Toponyms Section"
849:The fort played an important role as part of the
83:Cappidava, Capidapa, Kapidaua, Calidava, Calidaua
2059:In amintirea lui Constantin Giurescu, p. 249-261
1571:
1419:
1284:
1010:and sculptural ones, and also pottery: vessels,
2203:Cetatea Ulmetum, II.2, Analele Academiei No. 11
2012:Geto-Dacii din Campia Munteniei in epoca romana
1700:
1559:
518:might well be the cavalry component of the old
2109:(in French). ZakÅad Narodowy im. OssoliÅskich.
1461:
1034:, and the rest are altars, honorary or simple
3654:
2596:
2392:Il March Nero: Annali di Archeologia e Storia
2025:Il March Nero: Annali di Archeologia e Storia
1619:
1583:
1329:
1245:
1243:
1241:
8:
2014:(in Romanian). Editura Academiei RS RomĆ¢nia.
1869:
2194:Cetatea Ulmetum, I, Analele Academiei No. 8
502:). Notitia also mentions at Capidava (form
4448:
4365:
4273:Dacian Fortresses of the OrÄČtie Mountains
4125:
4023:
3849:
3661:
3647:
3639:
2603:
2589:
2581:
2576:Capidava Illustrations and Images at cIMeC
2068:Capidava: monografie arheologicÄ, Volume 1
1712:
1676:
1500:
1394:
1216:List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia
27:
2362:(in Romanian). Editura Academiei Romane.
2122:(in Romanian and English). Archived from
1846:
1828:
1547:
1523:Muzeul de Istorie NaČionalÄ Či Arheologie
494:Capidava appears on an illustration from
1643:
1631:
1488:
700:on the cliff at Capidava to control the
476:
433:) on Tabula Peutingeriana (upper centre)
416:
4712:Roman fortifications in Moesia Inferior
2612:Ancient Dacian cities and/or fortresses
2320:Rostovtzev, Mikhail Ivanovitch (1926).
2066:Florescu, Radu; Diaconu, Petre (1958).
1783:
1237:
1097:
801:(ca. 600), the city was rebuilt by the
1688:
1655:
1607:
1595:
1473:
1314:
1211:List of ancient towns in Scythia Minor
812:in 1036 led to its final abandonment.
2537:Official Capidava Archaeological Site
1299:
920:stationed at the Capidava fort were:
7:
4663:
3089:Cities/fortresses with unknown names
2075:Florescu, Radu; Miclea, Ion (1980).
1980:Barnea, Ion; Bantas, Andrei (1979).
776:Cohors I Germanorum civium romanorum
571:ConstanČa Museum of National History
4673:
3948:Dacian kingdom of Banat and Oltenia
2388:"Notes onomastiques daco-mƩsiennes"
2153:National Museum of Romanian History
2021:"Notes onomastiques daco-mƩsiennes"
1431:Notitia Dignitatum (Or., XXXIX, 13)
1341:
894:whose main base was at Noviodunum.
793:After the official withdrawal from
785:(follis de la Heraclius, 612/613).
3994:southern Moldavia and Transylvania
2343:. British Archaeological Reports.
2254:. Black Sea Studies. Vol. 5.
2057:Florescu, Gr. (1944). "Capidava".
1982:Christian art in Romania: Volume 2
778:until the end of the 3rd century.
692:, as part of his preparations for
512:Cuneus equitum Solensium, Capidaua
14:
2052:(in Romanian). Editura Academiei.
1727:https://doi.org/10.46535/ca.26.01
496:Notitia Dignitatum imperii romani
442:Capidava is depicted in the form
4717:Roman auxiliary forts in Romania
4672:
4662:
4653:
4652:
4039:Art, jewellery, treasures, tools
3606:
2002:Bucharest, museums of art: album
1190:
1181:
1172:
1163:
1154:
1145:
1136:
1127:
1118:
1109:
1100:
636:, based on a local inscription.
406:Eastern Moesia and Limes Moesiae
362:centre on the right bank of the
261:
63:
62:
55:
39:
4076:Words of possible Dacian origin
3992:Dacian kingdom of Wallachia and
2548:Capidava at Encyclopedia Dacica
2496:Capidava at Encyclopedia Dacica
2239:(1982) . Florescu, Radu (ed.).
3901:Dacian nucleus in Transylvania
2467:"Capidava archaeological site"
2303:History of Romania: compendium
2286:. Cambridge University Press.
2169:"Capidava archaeological site"
2048:DoruČiu-BoilÄ, Emilia (1980).
819:and burning the settlement in
354:) was originally an important
16:Archaeological site in Romania
1:
3628:(Google Earth Community post)
2571:Capidava article at ziare.com
2519:Capidava article at ziare.com
2358:Suceveanu, Alexandru (1998).
2305:. Institutul Cultural Roman.
2252:Rome and the Black Sea region
2070:(in Romanian). Ed. Academiei.
1667:DoruČiu-BoilÄ (1980) pp=32-78
853:and was connected by road to
454:(1st–4th century) on a
3260:"CucuiČ - VĆ¢rful Berianului"
2553:Capidava at Turism ConstanČa
2501:Capidava at Turism ConstanČa
2339:Scorpan, Constantin (1980).
2120:Linguae Thraco-Daco-Moesorum
1830:10.1371/journal.pone.0193578
704:with a garrison probably of
605:archaeologist and historian
2524:Cetatea Capidava (Dobrogea)
1999:Benedict, Cristian (1977).
1886:. Robert Hale. p. 44.
1701:Florescu & Diaconu 1958
1560:Florescu & Diaconu 1958
750:) consisted of Dacians and
4733:
4591:Eastern Romance substratum
1882:MacKenzie, Andrew (1986).
1462:Florescu & Miclea 1980
529:
18:
4648:
4550:Sarmatiae (Devil's Dykes)
4451:
4199:
3965:Dacian kingdom of Dobruja
3852:
3615:
3604:
2618:
2105:Gajewska, Halina (1974).
1966:] (in Ancient Greek).
673:Praefectus orae maritimae
237:
226:
202:
184:
50:
38:
21:Capidava (disambiguation)
2557:ConstanČa County Council
2505:ConstanČa County Council
2486:Early Byzantine Capidava
1870:Barnea & Bantas 1979
1584:Cassius Dio & 200 AD
1082:Next to Capidava on the
965:Mihai Ionescu-Dobrogeanu
522:, renamed the Solenses.
520:Legio XX Valeria Victrix
516:Cuneus equitum Solensium
189:Stationed military units
128:Place in the Roman world
4423:Battle of Sarmizegetusa
2386:Dana, Dan (2001ā2003).
2273:Pippidi, D. M. (1976).
2201:Parvan, Vasile (1913).
2192:Parvan, Vasile (1912).
2139:OpriČ, Ioan C. (2006).
2019:Dana, Dan (2001ā2003).
989:University of Bucharest
874:vexillatio Capidabesium
713:Roman conquest of Dacia
627:Marcus Licinius Crassus
615:territorium Capidavense
601:The early 20th century
71:Location within Romania
4402:Second Battle of Tapae
3255:"CucuiČ - Dealul Golu"
1762:Historiarum compendium
1739:Historiarum compendium
892:Classis Flavia Moesica
574:
486:
434:
422:
407:
389:with the same name in
118:Previous fortification
4378:First Battle of Tapae
3620:Dacia Maps on Commons
2436:Grumeza, Ion (2009).
2077:Daco-Romanii Volume 2
1078:The Stone Ring Island
1066:(FeteČti-CernavodÄ).
837:reconquered Dobruja.
568:
480:
450:in Segmentum VIII of
428:
420:
405:
385:It is located in the
317:44.49361Ā°N 28.09028Ā°E
145:Directly connected to
3498:Satu Mare (Harghita)
3473:Radovanu - Jidovescu
3468:Radovanu - Gorgana I
2010:Bichir, Gh. (1984).
1945:Tabula Peutingeriana
1771:9 April 2008 at the
1748:9 April 2008 at the
1572:Capidava Archaeology
1420:Capidava Archaeology
1285:Tabula Peutingeriana
1062:), or the road from
799:Eastern Roman Empire
723:who put an altar at
694:Trajan's Dacian Wars
546:Geography of Ravenna
452:Tabula Peutingeriana
438:Tabula Peutingeriana
157:(Basarabi-Murfatlar)
108:Tabula Peutingeriana
4409:Battle of Adamclisi
3210:"CosteČti-CetÄČuie"
2953:Sarmizegetusa Regia
2258:Press. p. 36.
1821:2018PLoSO..1393578R
1287:, Segmentum VIII,3.
940:Cohors I Germanorum
808:Fire caused by the
733:C. Veturius Tertius
313: /
172:ā Stone structure ā
80:Alternative name(s)
4481:Dacia Mediterranea
4096:Sinaia lead plates
4081:Dacian plant names
3443:PopeČti (CÄlÄraČi)
3315:GrÄdiČtea de Munte
3205:"CosteČti-Blidaru"
2423:on 31 October 2010
2092:on 31 October 2010
1620:DoruČiu-BoilÄ 1980
1446:lukeuedasarson.com
1330:DoruČiu-BoilÄ 1980
1003:were interrupted.
967:and archaeologist
863:Basarabi-Murfatlar
575:
542:Antonine Itinerary
490:Notitia Dignitatum
487:
483:Notitia Dignitatum
435:
423:
408:
382:along the Danube.
322:44.49361; 28.09028
112:Notitia Dignitatum
4689:
4688:
4599:
4598:
4434:
4433:
4351:
4350:
4217:
4216:
4106:Thracian language
4009:
4008:
3636:
3635:
3395:OrÄČtie Mountains
3385:Odorheiu Secuiesc
3220:CoČofenii din Dos
2453:978-0-7618-4465-5
2369:978-973-27-0584-1
2350:978-0-86054-102-8
2331:978-0-8196-2164-1
2312:978-973-7784-12-4
2293:978-0-521-22496-3
2256:Aarhus University
2162:on 19 March 2012.
2155:). Archived from
1893:978-0-7090-2724-9
1598:, pp. 85ā89.
1317:, pp. 54ā55.
1263:on 6 October 2011
969:Grigore Tocilescu
935:Legio II Herculia
297:
296:
4724:
4707:Ruins in Romania
4676:
4675:
4666:
4665:
4656:
4655:
4619:
4617:sites in Romania
4565:Brazda lui Novac
4512:Towns and cities
4506:
4499:
4476:Diocese of Dacia
4449:
4425:
4411:
4404:
4366:
4343:Thracian warfare
4126:
4047:
4024:
3974:(1st-century BC)
3922:(9 BC(?)ā30s AD)
3850:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3640:
3610:
3588:ViiČoara MoČneni
3430:Poiana cu Cetate
2978:Sucidava, Moesia
2605:
2598:
2591:
2582:
2564:- hosted by the
2512:- hosted by the
2482:
2480:
2478:
2461:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2398:. Archived from
2373:
2354:
2335:
2316:
2297:
2278:
2269:
2246:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2206:
2197:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2163:
2161:
2146:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2114:Olteanu, Sorin.
2110:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2080:
2071:
2062:
2053:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2031:. Archived from
2015:
2006:
1995:
1967:
1949:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1879:
1873:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1850:
1832:
1801:Modi, Alessandra
1793:
1787:
1781:
1775:
1758:
1752:
1735:
1729:
1722:
1716:
1710:
1704:
1698:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1641:
1635:
1629:
1623:
1617:
1611:
1605:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1581:
1575:
1569:
1563:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1538:
1510:
1504:
1498:
1492:
1486:
1477:
1471:
1465:
1459:
1450:
1449:
1438:
1432:
1429:
1423:
1417:
1408:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1327:
1318:
1312:
1303:
1297:
1288:
1282:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1262:
1256:. Archived from
1255:
1247:
1194:
1185:
1176:
1167:
1158:
1149:
1140:
1131:
1122:
1113:
1104:
1024:Constantine VIII
1016:John I Tzimiskes
993:Grigore Florescu
945:Cohors I Ubiorum
925:Legio XI Claudia
835:Isaac I Komnenos
774:was replaced by
772:Cohors I Ubiorum
721:Veturius Tertius
706:Cohors I Ubiorum
391:ConstanČa County
328:
327:
325:
324:
323:
318:
314:
311:
310:
309:
306:
267:
265:
264:
66:
65:
59:
43:
28:
4732:
4731:
4727:
4726:
4725:
4723:
4722:
4721:
4692:
4691:
4690:
4685:
4644:
4615:
4595:
4569:
4521:
4502:
4495:
4471:Dacia Aureliana
4430:
4421:
4407:
4400:
4382:
4362:
4358:
4347:
4326:
4317:
4308:Germanic tribes
4291:
4289:
4282:
4231:
4227:
4213:
4195:
4115:
4111:Thraco-Illyrian
4057:
4043:
4020:
4017:
4005:
3993:
3987:
3960:
3957:(c. 40āc. 9 BC)
3943:
3896:
3839:
3672:
3667:
3637:
3632:
3611:
3602:
3448:Porumbenii Mari
3235:CrÄsanii de Jos
3170:Bretea MureČanÄ
2614:
2609:
2533:
2528:
2476:
2474:
2465:OpriČ, Ioan C.
2464:
2454:
2435:
2426:
2424:
2414:
2405:
2403:
2402:on 22 July 2011
2385:
2381:
2379:Further reading
2376:
2370:
2357:
2351:
2338:
2332:
2324:. Biblo-Moser.
2319:
2313:
2300:
2294:
2281:
2272:
2266:
2249:
2235:
2226:
2224:
2209:
2200:
2191:
2178:
2176:
2166:
2159:
2144:
2138:
2129:
2127:
2126:on 16 July 2011
2113:
2104:
2095:
2093:
2083:
2074:
2065:
2056:
2047:
2038:
2036:
2035:on 22 July 2011
2018:
2009:
1998:
1992:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1959:Historia Romana
1952:
1941:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1926:
1916:
1914:
1912:stirileprotv.ro
1906:
1905:
1901:
1894:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1868:
1864:
1815:(3): e0193578.
1795:
1794:
1790:
1782:
1778:
1773:Wayback Machine
1759:
1755:
1750:Wayback Machine
1736:
1732:
1723:
1719:
1711:
1707:
1699:
1695:
1687:
1683:
1677:Rostovtzev 1926
1675:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1654:
1650:
1642:
1638:
1630:
1626:
1618:
1614:
1606:
1602:
1594:
1590:
1582:
1578:
1570:
1566:
1558:
1554:
1546:
1542:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1501:Petculescu 2006
1499:
1495:
1487:
1480:
1472:
1468:
1460:
1453:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1426:
1418:
1411:
1405:
1401:
1393:
1348:
1340:
1336:
1328:
1321:
1313:
1306:
1298:
1291:
1283:
1276:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1239:
1234:
1202:
1195:
1186:
1177:
1168:
1159:
1150:
1141:
1132:
1123:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1048:
1032:funerary steles
953:
930:Legio I Italica
910:
843:
791:
789:Byzantine times
649:
623:Historia Romana
563:
558:
534:
528:
492:
440:
415:
413:Ancient sources
410:
409:
372:Moesia Inferior
321:
319:
315:
312:
307:
304:
302:
300:
299:
292:www.capidava.ro
262:
260:
159:
155:
151:
139:Moesia Inferior
110:
75:
74:
73:
72:
69:
68:
67:
46:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4730:
4728:
4720:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4694:
4693:
4687:
4686:
4684:
4683:
4680:
4670:
4660:
4649:
4646:
4645:
4643:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4621:
4620:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4600:
4597:
4596:
4594:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4577:
4575:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4531:
4529:
4523:
4522:
4520:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4500:
4488:
4486:Dacia Ripensis
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4452:
4446:
4436:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4429:
4428:
4427:
4426:
4414:
4413:
4412:
4405:
4392:
4390:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4374:
4372:
4363:
4356:
4353:
4352:
4349:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4329:
4327:
4322:
4319:
4318:
4316:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4294:
4292:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4260:
4255:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4234:
4232:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4211:
4206:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4132:
4130:
4123:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4067:
4065:
4059:
4058:
4056:
4055:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4036:
4030:
4028:
4021:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3997:
3995:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3968:
3966:
3962:
3961:
3959:
3958:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3941:
3935:
3929:
3928:(c. 30sā70 AD)
3923:
3917:
3911:
3904:
3902:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3869:
3864:
3859:
3853:
3847:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3713:
3708:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3687:
3685:
3674:
3673:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3643:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3622:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3605:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3415:Pietroasa MicÄ
3412:
3410:"Piatra RoČie"
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2600:
2593:
2585:
2579:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2559:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2532:
2531:External links
2529:
2527:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2507:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2473:on 26 May 2010
2462:
2452:
2444:Hamilton Books
2433:
2412:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2368:
2355:
2349:
2336:
2330:
2317:
2311:
2298:
2292:
2279:
2270:
2264:
2247:
2237:PĆ¢rvan, Vasile
2233:
2223:on 7 June 2008
2211:PĆ¢rvan, Vasile
2207:
2198:
2189:
2185:
2175:on 26 May 2010
2164:
2136:
2111:
2102:
2081:
2072:
2063:
2054:
2045:
2016:
2007:
1996:
1990:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1950:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1899:
1892:
1874:
1862:
1788:
1776:
1766:II, s. 582ā584
1753:
1743:II, s. 514ā515
1730:
1717:
1713:Dana 2001ā2003
1705:
1693:
1681:
1679:, p. 558.
1669:
1660:
1648:
1646:, p. 110.
1636:
1624:
1612:
1600:
1588:
1586:, LI, 26, 1-4.
1576:
1564:
1562:, p. 247.
1552:
1550:, p. 131.
1548:Suceveanu 1998
1540:
1505:
1493:
1491:, p. 252.
1478:
1476:, p. 886.
1466:
1464:, p. 135.
1451:
1433:
1424:
1409:
1399:
1395:Capidava cIMeC
1346:
1334:
1319:
1304:
1302:, p. 237.
1289:
1274:
1236:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1223:
1221:List of castra
1218:
1213:
1208:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1189:
1187:
1180:
1178:
1171:
1169:
1162:
1160:
1153:
1151:
1144:
1142:
1135:
1133:
1126:
1124:
1117:
1115:
1108:
1106:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1047:
1044:
952:
949:
948:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
909:
906:
842:
839:
790:
787:
648:
645:
641:Thracian rider
562:
559:
557:
554:
527:
524:
491:
488:
485:, Dux Scythiae
439:
436:
414:
411:
400:
399:
295:
294:
289:
285:
284:
281:
277:
276:
272:
271:
258:
254:
253:
248:
244:
243:
239:
238:
235:
234:
224:
223:
215:
214:
200:
199:
191:
190:
186:
185:
182:
181:
178:
174:
173:
169:
168:
164:
163:
146:
142:
141:
136:
130:
129:
125:
124:
119:
115:
114:
105:
101:
100:
97:
93:
92:
91:1st century AD
89:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
70:
61:
60:
54:
53:
52:
51:
48:
47:
44:
36:
35:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4729:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4699:
4697:
4681:
4679:
4671:
4669:
4661:
4659:
4651:
4650:
4647:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4618:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4609:
4608:
4606:
4602:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4572:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4560:Trajan's Wall
4558:
4556:
4555:Transalutanus
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4545:Porolissensis
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4532:
4530:
4528:
4524:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4505:
4501:
4498:
4494:
4493:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4466:Scythia Minor
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4456:Dacia Traiana
4454:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4441:
4437:
4424:
4420:
4419:
4418:
4415:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4389:
4385:
4379:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4371:
4367:
4364:
4361:
4357:Wars with the
4354:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4320:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4285:
4279:
4278:Murus Dacicus
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4254:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4238:Sarmizegetusa
4236:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4225:
4220:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4201:
4198:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4133:
4131:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4101:Daco-Thracian
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4091:Dacian script
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4064:
4060:
4054:
4051:
4046:
4042:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4012:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3996:
3990:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3963:
3956:
3953:
3952:
3950:
3946:
3939:
3936:
3934:(c. 69ā87 AD)
3933:
3930:
3927:
3924:
3921:
3918:
3915:
3912:
3910:(82/61ā44 BC)
3909:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3899:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3868:
3865:
3863:
3860:
3858:
3855:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3842:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3679:
3675:
3671:
3664:
3659:
3657:
3652:
3650:
3645:
3644:
3641:
3629:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3617:
3614:
3609:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3563:TimiČu de Jos
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3320:Iedera de Jos
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3310:"FeČele Albe"
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3290:Drajna de Sus
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3125:BÄleni-RomĆ¢ni
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3110:ArpaČu de Sus
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2613:
2606:
2601:
2599:
2594:
2592:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:(In Romanian)
2538:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2472:
2468:
2463:
2460:
2455:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2434:
2422:
2418:
2413:
2401:
2397:
2394:(in French).
2393:
2389:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2371:
2365:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2342:
2337:
2333:
2327:
2323:
2318:
2314:
2308:
2304:
2299:
2295:
2289:
2285:
2280:
2276:
2271:
2267:
2265:87-7934-174-8
2261:
2257:
2253:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2234:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2195:
2190:
2186:
2174:
2170:
2167:OpriČ, Ioan.
2165:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2142:
2137:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2112:
2108:
2103:
2091:
2087:
2082:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2064:
2060:
2055:
2051:
2046:
2034:
2030:
2027:(in French).
2026:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2004:
2003:
1997:
1993:
1991:0-7618-4465-1
1987:
1983:
1978:
1977:
1972:
1965:
1964:Roman History
1961:
1960:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1913:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1895:
1889:
1885:
1878:
1875:
1872:, p. 13.
1871:
1866:
1863:
1858:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1792:
1789:
1785:
1780:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1767:
1763:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1731:
1728:
1721:
1718:
1715:, p. 88.
1714:
1709:
1706:
1703:, p. 18.
1702:
1697:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1682:
1678:
1673:
1670:
1664:
1661:
1658:, p. 20.
1657:
1652:
1649:
1645:
1644:Benedict 1977
1640:
1637:
1633:
1632:Gajewska 1974
1628:
1625:
1621:
1616:
1613:
1610:, p. 89.
1609:
1604:
1601:
1597:
1592:
1589:
1585:
1580:
1577:
1573:
1568:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1553:
1549:
1544:
1541:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1509:
1506:
1503:, p. 36.
1502:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1489:Florescu 1944
1485:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1447:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1403:
1400:
1396:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1335:
1332:, p. 30.
1331:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1259:
1252:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1231:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1199:
1193:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1121:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
977:
976:Vasile PĆ¢rvan
972:
970:
966:
962:
958:
950:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
922:
921:
919:
915:
907:
905:
902:
900:
895:
893:
889:
884:
882:
877:
875:
870:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
851:Moesian Limes
847:
840:
838:
836:
832:
831:
826:
822:
818:
813:
811:
806:
804:
800:
796:
788:
786:
782:
779:
777:
773:
768:
766:
762:
759:like Tsinna (
758:
753:
749:
745:
741:
736:
734:
730:
729:magister vici
726:
722:
718:
714:
709:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
685:
681:
676:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
646:
644:
642:
637:
635:
630:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
607:Vasile PĆ¢rvan
604:
599:
597:
593:
589:
583:
581:
572:
567:
560:
555:
553:
551:
547:
543:
539:
533:
532:Dava (Dacian)
525:
523:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
489:
484:
479:
475:
473:
472:Seimenii Mici
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
437:
432:
427:
419:
412:
404:
398:
396:
392:
388:
383:
381:
380:Moesian Limes
377:
376:Scythia Minor
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
326:
293:
290:
286:
282:
278:
273:
270:
259:
255:
252:
249:
245:
240:
236:
233:
229:
225:
221:
216:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
192:
187:
183:
180:105 m Ć 127 m
179:
177:Size and area
175:
170:
165:
162:
158:
154:
150:
147:
143:
140:
137:
135:
131:
126:
123:
120:
116:
113:
109:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
58:
49:
45:Capidava fort
42:
37:
33:
29:
26:
22:
4702:Dacian towns
4586:Thraco-Roman
4444:Free Dacians
4360:Roman Empire
4258:Piroboridava
4204:Dacian Draco
4086:Dacian names
4018:civilization
3892:Zalmodegicus
3867:Dromichaetes
3780:Potulatenses
3725:Burs (Dacia)
3340:Mala Kopania
3270:CĆ¢rlomÄneČti
3150:BoroČneu Mic
3120:BÄile TuČnad
2883:Piroboridava
2713:
2475:. Retrieved
2471:the original
2457:
2438:
2425:. Retrieved
2421:the original
2404:. Retrieved
2400:the original
2395:
2391:
2359:
2340:
2321:
2302:
2283:
2274:
2251:
2241:
2225:. Retrieved
2221:the original
2215:
2202:
2193:
2177:. Retrieved
2173:the original
2157:the original
2148:
2128:. Retrieved
2124:the original
2119:
2106:
2094:. Retrieved
2090:the original
2079:. Meridiane.
2076:
2067:
2061:. Bucuresti.
2058:
2049:
2037:. Retrieved
2033:the original
2028:
2024:
2011:
2005:. Meridiane.
2001:
1981:
1963:
1958:
1954:Cassius, Dio
1944:
1915:. Retrieved
1911:
1902:
1883:
1877:
1865:
1812:
1808:
1791:
1786:, p. 9.
1784:Scorpan 1980
1779:
1761:
1756:
1738:
1733:
1720:
1708:
1696:
1691:, p. 2.
1684:
1672:
1663:
1651:
1639:
1627:
1615:
1603:
1591:
1579:
1567:
1555:
1543:
1518:
1514:
1508:
1496:
1469:
1445:
1436:
1427:
1402:
1337:
1265:. Retrieved
1258:the original
1226:Dacian davae
1088:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1072:doliare opus
1071:
1068:
1049:
1040:
1008:epigraphical
1005:
1001:Roman period
973:
960:
954:
914:vexillations
911:
903:
896:
885:
878:
873:
871:
848:
844:
828:
814:
807:
792:
783:
780:
769:
764:
760:
757:Dacian names
737:
732:
731:is the same
728:
720:
710:
688:
677:
657:Aelius Catus
653:Roman Empire
650:
638:
631:
614:
600:
592:Zaval Valley
584:
576:
549:
535:
515:
511:
503:
500:dux Scythiae
499:
495:
493:
481:Capidava on
447:
443:
441:
430:
384:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
330:
298:
228:I Germanorum
25:
4678:WikiProject
4611:Archaeology
4440:Roman Dacia
4224:Settlements
4016:Culture and
3940:(87ā106 AD)
3916:(44 BCā???)
3835:Troglodytae
3790:Rhadacenses
3785:Predasenses
3583:Valea SeacÄ
3523:SprĆ¢ncenata
3380:OcoliČu Mic
2868:Perburidava
1948:(in Latin).
1942:Anonymous.
1797:Rusu, Ioana
1689:Parvan 1912
1656:Bichir 1984
1608:PĆ¢rvan 1926
1596:PĆ¢rvan 1926
1474:Polome 1982
1422:, Toponyms.
1344:, Toponyms.
1315:PĆ¢rvan 1982
951:Archaeology
841:Description
740:Roman villa
619:Cassius Dio
613:, within a
561:Dacian town
320: /
208:II Herculia
104:Attested by
99:9th century
4696:Categories
4640:Thracology
4581:Daco-Roman
4417:Second War
4229:Fortresses
4166:Pleistoros
4156:Gebeleizis
3887:Rubobostes
3696:Albocenses
3538:Čeica MicÄ
3425:PisculeČti
3195:Cioclovina
3003:Thermidava
2993:Tamasidava
2709:Buteridava
2699:Buricodava
2675:(Arcidava)
2663:Arcobadara
2477:8 February
2427:2 February
2417:"Capidava"
2179:8 February
2096:2 February
2086:"Capidava"
1956:(c. 200).
1930:References
1760:Cedrenus,
1737:Cedrenus,
1300:OpriČ 2006
1267:3 February
825:Paristrion
803:Byzantines
711:After the
696:, built a
665:Durostorum
661:Sarmatians
573:, Romania.
530:See also:
456:Roman road
429:Capidava (
305:44Ā°29ā²37ā³N
275:Site notes
212:XI Claudia
4630:Dacianism
4396:First War
4290:relations
4209:Kogaionon
4071:Belagines
4045:bracelets
4027:Artifacts
3938:Decebalus
3920:Comosicus
3908:Burebista
3830:Tyragetae
3795:Saldenses
3745:Costoboci
3528:StĆ¢nceČti
3493:SacalasÄu
3435:Polovragi
3405:PetroČani
3305:Feldioara
3295:DumitriČa
3250:Cuciulata
3200:Clopotiva
3068:Zisnudeva
3038:Zargidava
2968:Singidava
2948:Sangidaua
2903:Quemedava
2898:Pulpudeva
2888:Polondava
2873:Petrodava
2863:Pelendava
2858:Patruissa
2853:Patridava
2843:Nentidava
2828:Marcodava
2817:Kuimedaba
2812:Klepidaua
2807:Keiladeva
2787:Germisara
2759:Dinogetia
2734:Danedevae
2724:Clepidava
2719:Carsidava
2689:Bregedava
2130:3 January
1839:1932-6203
1535:1013-4247
1527:ConstanČa
1064:CernavodÄ
981:Bucharest
867:CernavodÄ
830:foederati
821:Dinogetia
810:Pechenegs
698:castellum
684:Black Sea
647:Roman era
526:Etymology
468:milestone
460:Axiopolis
340:Cappidava
308:28Ā°5ā²25ā³E
280:Condition
232:I Ubiorum
204:I Italica
167:Structure
161:CernavodÄ
96:Abandoned
4658:Category
4635:Dacology
4604:Research
4535:Alutanus
4370:Domitian
4263:Sucidava
4253:Cumidava
4248:Buridava
4243:Argidava
4191:Zalmoxis
4181:Seirenes
4171:Sabazios
4151:Dionysus
4146:Derzelas
4141:Deceneus
4121:Religion
4063:Language
4053:Clothing
3914:Deceneus
3882:Rhemaxos
3862:Cothelas
3820:Teurisci
3800:Scaugdae
3775:Piephigi
3750:Crobidae
3735:Ciaginsi
3508:SĆ¢nzieni
3503:Satu Nou
3483:Rovinari
3360:MoineČti
3350:Mataraua
3335:Liubcova
3275:DalboČeČ
3240:CriveČti
3190:CetÄČeni
3115:Augustin
3095:AghireČu
3083:Zusidava
3078:Zurobara
3073:Zucidaua
3063:Ziridava
3058:Zimnicea
3053:Zikideva
3008:Tibiscum
2988:Sykidaba
2983:Susudava
2973:Sucidava
2963:Setidava
2958:Scaidava
2938:Sagadava
2933:Sacidava
2928:Rusidava
2923:Romboses
2918:Recidava
2913:Ratiaria
2908:Ramidava
2893:Potaissa
2833:Murideva
2824:(Romula)
2797:Giridava
2764:Docidava
2744:Desudaba
2739:Dausdava
2729:Cumidava
2714:Capidava
2704:Buridava
2684:Berzobis
2673:Argidava
2668:Argedava
2562:Capidava
2510:Capidava
2213:(1926).
2188:139-155.
1917:10 April
1857:29538439
1809:PLOS ONE
1769:Archived
1746:Archived
1200:See also
1028:Theodora
1020:Basil II
1012:amphorae
961:Kale-koy
908:Garrison
795:Dobrudja
725:Galbiori
680:Domitian
603:Romanian
596:Iron Age
504:Capidaua
458:between
448:Calidaua
444:Calidava
431:Calidava
421:Capidava
368:province
352:Calidaua
348:Calidava
344:Capidapa
336:Kapidaua
332:Capidava
251:Capidava
242:Location
134:Province
34:Capidava
4668:Commons
4574:Culture
4540:Moesiae
4324:Warfare
4288:Foreign
4186:Silenus
4129:Deities
4034:Coinage
4001:Dicomes
3983:Zyraxes
3926:Scorilo
3770:Peukini
3740:Clariae
3701:Anartes
3593:ZemplĆn
3558:TiliČca
3513:Seimeni
3420:Pinticu
3400:Petrila
3365:Monariu
3355:MereČti
3330:Jigodin
3300:Eliseni
3245:Crizbav
3225:Covasna
3215:Cotnari
3180:CÄpĆ¢lna
3155:BoČorod
3140:Beidaud
3135:BĆ¢zdĆ¢na
3033:Zaldapa
3028:Utidava
3018:Tsierna
3013:Tirista
2943:Sandava
2802:Itadava
2792:Gildava
2782:Genucla
2769:Drobeta
2679:Arutela
2648:Amutria
2638:Aiadava
2628:Acmonia
2623:Acidava
2406:22 June
2227:1 April
2039:22 June
1935:Ancient
1848:5851556
1817:Bibcode
1529:: 137.
1515:Pontica
1342:Olteanu
1094:Gallery
1056:Histria
1052:HĆ¢rČova
1046:Tourism
1036:votives
997:Drobeta
957:Turkish
918:cohorts
899:tumulus
888:thermae
859:Ulmetum
855:Carsium
817:Dervent
797:of the
588:La TĆØne
582:itself
556:History
508:Scythia
464:Carsium
395:Romania
387:village
374:(later
288:Website
269:Romania
257:Country
220:Cohorts
196:Legions
153:Ulmetum
149:Carsium
88:Founded
4517:Castra
4504:Column
4497:Bridge
4491:Trajan
4461:Moesia
4388:Trajan
4313:Romans
4298:Greeks
4176:Semele
4136:Bendis
3978:Rholes
3955:Cotiso
3877:Oroles
3872:Moskon
3825:Trixae
3815:Terizi
3805:Senses
3720:Bessoi
3711:Biephi
3678:Tribes
3548:TeliČa
3533:Stoina
3478:RoadeČ
3390:Olteni
3325:Feleac
3285:Divici
3280:DensuČ
3185:Cernat
3175:Bucium
3165:Breaza
3160:Botfei
3130:BÄniČa
3048:Zidava
3043:Zeugma
3023:Tyrida
2848:Oescus
2838:Napoca
2754:Dierna
2749:Diacum
2694:Brucla
2658:Arcina
2653:Apulon
2633:Aedava
2450:
2366:
2347:
2328:
2309:
2290:
2262:
2242:Getica
2216:Getica
1988:
1973:Modern
1890:
1855:
1845:
1837:
1533:
1084:Danube
1026:, and
761:Zinnas
690:Trajan
678:Later
669:Sapaei
580:castra
514:. The
364:Danube
360:Dacian
283:Ruined
266:
122:Dacian
32:Castra
4625:Books
4527:Limes
4303:Celts
4268:Davae
4161:Kotys
3972:Dapyx
3932:Duras
3857:Coson
3845:Kings
3765:Moesi
3760:Getae
3730:Carpi
3716:Bessi
3706:Apuli
3670:Dacia
3598:Zetea
3568:Turia
3553:Teliu
3543:TÄČad
3518:Socol
3488:RuČor
3458:RacoČ
3453:Praid
3439:Ponor
3375:MoČna
3370:Monor
3345:Marca
3265:Cugir
3230:Cozia
3145:BocČa
3105:Ardeu
3100:Ardan
2998:Tapae
2878:Pinon
2822:Malva
2778:Gatae
2774:Egeta
2643:Aizis
2160:(PDF)
2145:(PDF)
1962:[
1261:(PDF)
1254:(PDF)
1232:Notes
1206:Dacia
765:Sinna
752:Bessi
748:pagus
744:vicus
719:, if
717:vicus
634:pagus
611:Dapyx
538:Getic
4338:Sica
4333:Falx
3810:Suci
3755:Daci
3691:Aedi
3682:List
3578:Uroi
3573:Unip
3463:Racu
2479:2011
2448:ISBN
2429:2011
2408:2019
2364:ISBN
2345:ISBN
2326:ISBN
2307:ISBN
2288:ISBN
2260:ISBN
2229:2011
2181:2011
2132:2010
2098:2011
2041:2019
1986:ISBN
1919:2016
1888:ISBN
1853:PMID
1835:ISSN
1531:ISSN
1269:2011
1054:and
985:IaČi
983:and
916:and
912:The
865:and
742:and
702:ford
651:The
550:dava
462:and
356:Geto
247:Town
4226:and
1843:PMC
1825:doi
1060:E61
869:.
827:as
727:as
708:.
621:'s
470:at
370:of
4698::
4442:/
2456:.
2446:.
2442:.
2390:.
2147:.
2118:.
2023:.
1910:.
1851:.
1841:.
1833:.
1823:.
1813:13
1811:.
1807:.
1799:;
1764:,
1741:,
1525:,
1521:.
1519:XL
1517:.
1481:^
1454:^
1444:.
1412:^
1349:^
1322:^
1307:^
1292:^
1277:^
1240:^
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1018:,
991:.
881:ha
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617:.
510::
397:.
393:,
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2431:.
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2334:.
2315:.
2296:.
2268:.
2231:.
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2100:.
2043:.
2029:5
1994:.
1921:.
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1827::
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1397:.
1271:.
446:/
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
