132:
567:
107:
1067:
Whitenack, L. B. and
Gottfried, M. D. (2010). "A morphometric approach for addressing tooth-based species delimitation in fossil Mako sharks, Isurus (Elasmobranchii, Lamniformes)." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 30,
1163:
Agassiz, L. J. R. 1833β1844. Recherches sur les poisons fossiles. Text (5 vols; I., xlix + 188 pp., II xii + 310 + 366 pp., III viii+390pp., IV xvi+296pp., V xii+122+160pp.) and Atlas. Imprimerie de
Petitpierre,
594:, given their superficial similarity to the teeth of mako sharks, leading many shark tooth collectors even in the present to refer to these extinct species as "makos." They were later reassigned to a new genus,
478:. Thus, assessing relationships between fossil species relies largely on the form of their teeth. This difficulty is compounded by the necessarily incomplete fossil record of
1093:
Kriwet, J., Mewis, H., and Hampe, O. 2015. A partial skeleton of a new lamniform mackerel shark from the
Miocene of Europe. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 60 (4): 857β875.
1916:
1785:
1077:
Cione A. L., Cabrera D. A., et al (2012). "Oldest record of the Great White Shark (Lamnidae, Carcharodon; Miocene) in the
Southern Atlantic", Geobios 45, 167-172
1824:
434:
megalodon (belonging to the same genus as the great white shark), but more recently, the giant shark has been assigned by most scientists to either the genus
1926:
900:
1759:
1798:
454:
is an active area of research and debate, given the dearth of the fossil record and the incompleteness of found specimens. Most fossil remains of
1173:
Agassiz, L., 1856. Notice on the fossil fishes found in
California by W.P. Blake. American Journal of Science and Arts, Series 2, 21: 272β275.
1201:
978:
1126:
Kent, B. W. (2018). "The
Cartilaginous Fishes (Chimaeras, Sharks, and Rays) of Calvert Cliffs, Maryland, USA". In Godfrey, S. J. (ed.).
1883:
687:
257:
843:
Ehret, D.J.; Macfadden, B.J.; Jones, D.S.; DeVries, T.J.; Foster, D.A.; Salas-Gismondi, R. (2012). "Origin of the white shark
1002:
1803:
608:
has also been described as two morphotypes, "broad-form" and "narrow-form," which some authors have split into two species,
1811:
1720:
1707:
574:
Study of white shark taxonomy is complicated by nomenclature and repeated taxonomic reassignments of various species.
131:
1102:
Godfrey, Stephen J., ed. (2018-09-25). "The
Geology and Vertebrate Paleontology of Calvert Cliffs, Maryland, USA".
1829:
1194:
1026:
Glikman , L. S. (1964). "Sharks of the
Paleogene their stratigraphic significance." Nakua Press, Moscow, 229 pp.
929:
Inferred from the
Comparative Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Sequences". In Klimley, A. P.; Ainley, D. G. (eds.).
230:
912:
1647:
247:
1921:
1860:
1576:
739:
630:
618:
584:
577:
1725:
653:, but most current literature refutes this position, placing mega-toothed sharks in a separate family,
1911:
1888:
1839:
1694:
1187:
697:
559:
402:
284:
1399:
554:
781:
1603:
1408:
1146:
1055:
1039:
comb. nov. (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) from the
Miocene of Pohang City, South Korea" (PDF).
126:
1865:
1847:
1790:
1733:
1585:
1375:
1142:
1114:
984:
974:
847:(Lamniformes: Lamnidae) based on recalibration of the Upper Neogene Pisco Formation of Peru".
677:
546:
385:
114:
1685:
600:, a genus maintained as valid in some current literature, and considered a junior synonym of
1875:
1852:
1613:
1552:
1283:
1135:
1107:
1078:
1048:
966:
934:
856:
566:
1622:
1478:
1301:
1292:
800:
373:
1533:
1496:
1274:
1248:
1242:
970:
938:
728:
716:
596:
467:
415:
315:
301:
183:
173:
106:
1905:
1459:
1338:
860:
683:
624:
530:
526:
484:
430:- as well as being in the same genus. The megalodon's scientific name was originally
411:
329:
253:
64:
1699:
1712:
1515:
1432:
1319:
961:: A Study in Tooth Identification". In Klimley, A. Peter; Ainley, David G. (eds.).
423:
239:
1738:
1082:
953:
Applegate, Shelton P.; Espinosa-Arrubarrena, Luis (1996). "The Fossil History of
1816:
1772:
1679:
1506:
1211:
1179:
654:
459:
203:
39:
1670:
925:
Martin, A. P. (1996). "Systematics of the Lamnidae and the Origination Time of
877:
Trif, N.; Ciobanu, R.; Codrea, V. (2016). "The first record of the giant shark
1567:
1543:
1469:
1329:
1236:
1052:
508:
495:
488:
397:
84:
49:
1139:
1111:
988:
1746:
1441:
1264:
646:
538:
475:
419:
143:
89:
33:
634:(the historically used species name), but has recently been placed back in
1664:
1356:
1230:
1224:
479:
471:
463:
381:
213:
163:
79:
74:
59:
54:
44:
384:, colloquially called the "white sharks." The only extant member is the
1764:
518:
422:
is still argued by some paleontologists (e.g. Michael D. Gottfried and
94:
69:
1777:
1390:
659:
590:
534:
504:
393:
153:
1641:
1751:
1128:
The Geology and Vertebrate Paleontology of Calvert Cliffs, Maryland
1423:
1254:
565:
377:
193:
542:
410:
The first appearance of the genus may have been as early as the
1645:
1183:
963:
Great white sharks : the biology of Carcharodon carcharias
931:
Great White Sharks: The Biology of Carcharodon carcharias
470:, since soft tissues don't preserve well, and a shark's
1035:
Yun, C. (2021). "A tooth of the extinct lamnid shark,
351:
339:
325:
311:
297:
280:
1654:
1611:
1602:
1565:
1541:
1532:
1504:
1495:
1467:
1458:
1421:
1388:
1364:
1355:
1327:
1318:
1272:
1263:
622:has also been placed in yet another related genus,
521:. The first widespread, cosmopolitan species being
392:). The extant species was preceded by a number of
517:is well-represented in the fossil record by the
1195:
965:. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 19β36.
8:
1134:. The Smithsonian Institution. pp. 45β157.
482:. However, some researchers have proffered
1642:
1608:
1538:
1501:
1464:
1361:
1324:
1269:
1202:
1188:
1180:
105:
20:
1132:Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology
1104:Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology
792:
649:have also traditionally been placed in
1917:Taxa named by Andrew Smith (zoologist)
645:The fossil "mega-toothed" sharks like
549:has been posited to have evolved from
499:as candidates for genera ancestral to
1159:
1157:
1155:
7:
1840:adbae972-edea-40ea-9e3e-04e6bea7aade
948:
946:
872:
870:
838:
836:
834:
832:
830:
828:
826:
824:
822:
820:
372:(meaning "jagged/sharp tooth") is a
1927:Fish genera with one living species
971:10.1016/b978-0-12-415031-7.x5000-9
939:10.1016/B978-0-12-415031-7.X5000-9
14:
766:Carcharodon plicatilis (xiphodon)
861:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01201.x
130:
881:(Agassiz, 1835) from Romania".
1:
1083:10.1016/j.geobios.2011.06.002
1041:Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae
933:. Academic Press. pp. 49β53.
588:traditionally were placed in
525:with fossils recovered from
466:; as is the norm for fossil
446:Fossil History and Evolution
426:) to be a close relative of
957:and Its Possible Ancestor,
1943:
570:Extinct white shark tooth.
1219:
1053:10.35463/j.apr.2022.01.02
269:
264:
245:
238:
127:Scientific classification
125:
113:
104:
23:
1140:10.5479/si.1943-6688.100
1112:10.5479/si.1943-6688.100
610:C. plicatilis (xiphodon)
343:C. plicatilis (xiphodon)
330:C. subserratus (escheri)
1577:Smalltooth sand tiger (
741:Carcharodon subserratus
711:(Hubbell's white shark)
692:(the great white shark)
450:The fossil ancestry of
1003:"Carcharodon hastalis"
927:Carcharodon carcharias
883:Brukenthal, Acta Musei
678:Carcharodon carcharias
571:
503:taxa ranging from the
428:Carcharodon carcharias
420:Carcharocles megalodon
390:Carcharodon carcharias
248:Carcharodon carcharias
119:Carcharodon carcharias
1861:Paleobiology Database
1400:Shortfin mako shark (
1037:Cosmopolitodus planus
776:Carcharodon caifassii
569:
1409:Longfin mako shark (
909:Prehistoric Wildlife
903:Carcharodon hubbelli
717:Carcharodon hastalis
698:Carcharodon hubbelli
555:transitional species
400:) species including
1586:Bigeye sand tiger (
1376:Great white shark (
458:are in the form of
1604:Pseudocarchariidae
1553:Sand tiger shark (
1284:Pelagic thresher (
729:Carcharodon planus
572:
380:within the family
1899:
1898:
1848:Open Tree of Life
1648:Taxon identifiers
1639:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1623:Crocodile shark (
1598:
1597:
1528:
1527:
1491:
1490:
1479:Megamouth shark (
1454:
1453:
1351:
1350:
1314:
1313:
1302:Common thresher (
1293:Bigeye thresher (
980:978-0-08-053260-8
915:on 17 April 2024.
780:
771:
761:
758:
755:
752:
735:
723:
710:
703:
691:
547:great white shark
386:great white shark
365:
364:
359:
348:
336:
322:
308:
294:
277:
234:
115:Great white shark
1934:
1892:
1891:
1879:
1878:
1869:
1868:
1856:
1855:
1843:
1842:
1833:
1832:
1820:
1819:
1817:NHMSYS0001745240
1807:
1806:
1794:
1793:
1781:
1780:
1768:
1767:
1755:
1754:
1742:
1741:
1729:
1728:
1716:
1715:
1703:
1702:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1675:
1674:
1673:
1643:
1614:Pseudocarcharias
1609:
1539:
1502:
1465:
1362:
1325:
1295:A. superciliosus
1270:
1204:
1197:
1190:
1181:
1174:
1171:
1165:
1161:
1150:
1124:
1118:
1100:
1094:
1091:
1085:
1075:
1069:
1065:
1059:
1033:
1027:
1024:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1014:
999:
993:
992:
950:
941:
923:
917:
916:
911:. Archived from
897:
891:
890:
879:Otodus megalodon
874:
865:
864:
840:
815:
814:
813:
812:
797:
778:
769:
759:
756:
753:
750:
733:
721:
704:
701:
681:
616:, respectively.
464:vertebral centra
357:
353:
346:
341:
334:
327:
320:
313:
306:
299:
288:
282:
275:
229:
135:
134:
109:
99:
36:
29:Temporal range:
21:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1887:
1882:
1874:
1872:
1864:
1859:
1851:
1846:
1838:
1836:
1828:
1823:
1815:
1810:
1802:
1797:
1789:
1784:
1776:
1771:
1763:
1758:
1750:
1745:
1737:
1732:
1724:
1719:
1711:
1706:
1698:
1693:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1669:
1668:
1663:
1650:
1640:
1631:
1594:
1561:
1524:
1487:
1450:
1417:
1384:
1347:
1339:Basking shark (
1310:
1259:
1215:
1208:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1168:
1162:
1153:
1125:
1121:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1076:
1072:
1066:
1062:
1034:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1012:
1010:
1001:
1000:
996:
981:
952:
951:
944:
924:
920:
899:
898:
894:
876:
875:
868:
842:
841:
818:
810:
808:
799:
798:
794:
789:
770:(Agassiz, 1843)
734:(Agassiz, 1856)
722:(Agassiz, 1843)
673:
468:Chondrichthyans
448:
260:
251:
228:
129:
100:
98:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
31:
30:
27:
17:
16:Genus of sharks
12:
11:
5:
1940:
1938:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1904:
1903:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1880:
1870:
1857:
1844:
1834:
1821:
1808:
1795:
1782:
1769:
1756:
1743:
1730:
1717:
1704:
1691:
1676:
1660:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1637:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1619:
1617:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1583:
1573:
1571:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1549:
1547:
1536:
1534:Odontaspididae
1530:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1516:Goblin shark (
1512:
1510:
1499:
1497:Mitsukurinidae
1493:
1492:
1489:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1475:
1473:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1439:
1433:Salmon shark (
1429:
1427:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1406:
1396:
1394:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1372:
1370:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1308:
1299:
1290:
1280:
1278:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1251:
1249:Elasmobranchii
1245:
1243:Chondrichthyes
1239:
1233:
1227:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1212:mackerel shark
1209:
1207:
1206:
1199:
1192:
1184:
1176:
1175:
1166:
1151:
1119:
1106:(100): 2β274.
1095:
1086:
1070:
1060:
1028:
1019:
1007:Florida Museum
994:
979:
942:
918:
892:
866:
816:
791:
790:
788:
785:
784:
783:
779:(Lawley, 1876)
772:
762:
736:
724:
712:
693:
672:
669:
640:C. subserratus
619:C. subserratus
597:Cosmopolitodus
578:C. subserratus
519:Middle Miocene
447:
444:
416:Late Oligocene
363:
362:
361:
360:
349:
337:
323:
309:
295:
278:
276:Linnaeus, 1758
267:
266:
262:
261:
252:
243:
242:
236:
235:
221:
217:
216:
211:
207:
206:
201:
197:
196:
191:
187:
186:
184:Elasmobranchii
181:
177:
176:
174:Chondrichthyes
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
123:
122:
111:
110:
102:
101:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
37:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1939:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1907:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1867:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1835:
1831:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1792:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1696:
1692:
1687:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1628:
1626:
1621:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1591:
1589:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1558:
1556:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1521:
1519:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1484:
1482:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1460:Megachasmidae
1457:
1447:
1445:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1425:
1420:
1414:
1412:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1402:I. oxyrinchus
1398:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1387:
1381:
1379:
1378:C. carcharias
1374:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1344:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1307:
1305:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1256:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1213:
1205:
1200:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1170:
1167:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1123:
1120:
1116:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1099:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1071:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1032:
1029:
1023:
1020:
1008:
1004:
998:
995:
990:
986:
982:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
949:
947:
943:
940:
936:
932:
928:
922:
919:
914:
910:
906:
904:
896:
893:
889:(3): 507β526.
888:
884:
880:
873:
871:
867:
862:
858:
855:: 1139-1153.
854:
850:
849:Palaeontology
846:
839:
837:
835:
833:
831:
829:
827:
825:
823:
821:
817:
806:
802:
801:"Carcharodon"
796:
793:
786:
782:
777:
773:
767:
763:
748:
746:
742:
737:
731:
730:
725:
719:
718:
713:
708:
700:
699:
694:
689:
685:
680:
679:
675:
674:
670:
668:
666:
662:
661:
657:, and genus,
656:
652:
648:
643:
641:
637:
633:
632:
627:
626:
625:Carcharomodus
621:
620:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
598:
593:
592:
587:
586:
581:
579:
576:C. hastalis,
568:
564:
562:
561:
556:
552:
548:
545:. The modern
544:
540:
536:
532:
531:South America
528:
527:North America
524:
520:
516:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
497:
492:
490:
486:
485:Macrorhizodus
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
445:
443:
441:
437:
433:
432:"Carcharodon"
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
412:Early Miocene
409:
405:
404:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
370:
356:
350:
347:Agassiz, 1843
344:
338:
335:Agassiz, 1843
332:
331:
324:
321:Agassiz, 1856
318:
317:
310:
307:Agassiz, 1843
304:
303:
296:
292:
287:
286:
279:
274:
273:C. carcharias
271:
270:
268:
263:
259:
255:
250:
249:
244:
241:
237:
232:
227:
226:
222:
219:
218:
215:
212:
209:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
194:Selachimorpha
192:
190:Subdivision:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
133:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
35:
26:
22:
19:
1922:Shark genera
1655:
1625:P. kamoharai
1624:
1612:
1587:
1578:
1566:
1554:
1542:
1517:
1505:
1480:
1468:
1443:
1434:
1422:
1410:
1401:
1389:
1377:
1366:
1365:
1340:
1328:
1320:Cetorhinidae
1303:
1294:
1286:A. pelagicus
1285:
1273:
1253:Subdivision
1169:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1103:
1098:
1089:
1073:
1063:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1031:
1022:
1011:. Retrieved
1009:. 2017-03-30
1006:
997:
962:
958:
954:
930:
926:
921:
913:the original
908:
902:
895:
886:
882:
878:
852:
848:
844:
809:, retrieved
807:, 2022-01-02
804:
795:
775:
765:
754:Agassiz, 184
744:
740:
727:
715:
706:
696:
676:
665:Carcharocles
664:
658:
650:
644:
639:
635:
629:
623:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
595:
589:
583:
575:
573:
558:
553:, through a
550:
523:C. hastalis,
522:
514:
513:
501:Carcharodon,
500:
494:
483:
462:, with some
455:
451:
449:
439:
436:Carcharocles
435:
431:
427:
424:Ewan Fordyce
408:C. hastalis.
407:
401:
389:
368:
367:
366:
358:Lawley, 1876
355:C. caifassii
354:
342:
328:
314:
300:
290:
283:
272:
246:
240:Type species
224:
223:
118:
24:
18:
1912:Carcharodon
1773:iNaturalist
1713:Carcharodon
1700:Carcharodon
1686:Carcharodon
1680:Wikispecies
1656:Carcharodon
1588:O. noronhai
1507:Mitsukurina
1481:M. pelagios
1442:Porbeagle (
1435:L. ditropis
1367:Carcharodon
1304:A. vulpinus
1145:1943-6688.
1047:(1): 9β16.
955:Carcharodon
845:Carcharodon
655:Otodontidae
651:Carcharodon
636:Carcharodon
614:C. hastalis
606:C. hastalis
604:in others.
602:Carcharodon
560:C. hubbelli
551:C. hastalis
515:Carcharodon
474:is made of
456:Carcharodon
452:Carcharodon
403:C. hubbelli
369:Carcharodon
302:C. hastalis
285:C. hubbelli
225:Carcharodon
204:Lamniformes
25:Carcharodon
1906:Categories
1568:Odontaspis
1544:Carcharias
1518:M. owstoni
1470:Megachasma
1341:C. maximus
1330:Cetorhinus
1237:Vertebrata
1235:Subphylum
1164:NeuchΓ’tel.
1149:134274604.
1117:1943-6688.
1058:242113412.
1013:2023-01-04
959:Cretolamna
811:2023-01-04
805:Wiktionary
787:References
631:C. escheri
509:Cretaceous
496:Cretalamna
489:Isurolamna
180:Subclass:
32:16β0
1555:C. taurus
1411:I. paucus
1265:Alopiidae
1247:Subclass
989:392312939
647:megalodon
585:C. planus
539:Australia
476:cartilage
316:C. planus
150:Kingdom:
144:Eukaryota
1671:Q2938003
1665:Wikidata
1579:O. ferox
1444:L. nasus
1357:Lamnidae
1255:Selachii
1231:Chordata
1225:Animalia
1223:Kingdom
684:Linnaeus
472:skeleton
382:Lamnidae
265:Species
254:Linnaeus
231:A. Smith
214:Lamnidae
210:Family:
164:Chordata
160:Phylum:
154:Animalia
140:Domain:
1791:1019054
1765:2420693
1275:Alopias
1229:Phylum
1214:species
1210:Extant
745:escheri
709:, 2012)
671:Species
507:to the
480:Lamnids
398:extinct
220:Genus:
200:Order:
170:Class:
1889:105742
1876:115193
1873:uBio:
1853:554300
1837:NZOR:
1804:159902
1752:1KCHRG
1391:Isurus
1241:Class
1068:17β25.
987:
977:
707:et al.
705:Ehret
660:Otodus
591:Isurus
541:, and
535:Europe
505:Eocene
440:Otodus
394:fossil
378:sharks
293:, 2012
291:et al.
289:Ehret
233:, 1838
1884:WoRMS
1866:34605
1830:13396
1786:IRMNG
1778:50875
1424:Lamna
1147:S2CID
1056:S2CID
628:, as
460:teeth
374:genus
1825:NCBI
1799:ITIS
1760:GBIF
1747:EPPO
1739:3HC9
1726:3767
1721:BOLD
1143:ISSN
1115:ISSN
985:OCLC
975:ISBN
688:1758
612:and
582:and
543:Asia
493:and
406:and
258:1758
40:Preκ
1812:NBN
1734:CoL
1708:AFD
1695:ADW
1136:doi
1108:doi
1079:doi
1049:doi
967:doi
935:doi
857:doi
667:).
638:as
438:or
418:.
414:or
376:of
1908::
1886::
1863::
1850::
1827::
1814::
1801::
1788::
1775::
1762::
1749::
1736::
1723::
1710::
1697::
1682::
1667::
1154:^
1130:.
1045:18
1043:.
1005:.
983:.
973:.
945:^
907:.
887:11
885:.
869:^
853:55
851:.
819:^
803:,
768:?
749:?
732:?
720:?
686:,
642:.
563:.
557:,
537:,
533:,
529:,
511:.
487:,
442:.
345:?
333:?
319:?
305:?
256:,
121:)
90:Pg
34:Ma
1627:)
1590:)
1581:)
1557:)
1520:)
1483:)
1446:)
1437:)
1413:)
1404:)
1380:)
1343:)
1306:)
1297:)
1288:)
1203:e
1196:t
1189:v
1138::
1110::
1081::
1051::
1016:.
991:.
969::
937::
905:"
901:"
863:.
859::
774:β
764:β
760:)
757:3
751:(
747:)
743:(
738:β
726:β
714:β
702:(
695:β
690:)
682:(
663:(
580:,
491:,
396:(
388:(
352:β
340:β
326:β
312:β
298:β
281:β
117:(
95:N
85:K
80:J
75:T
70:P
65:C
60:D
55:S
50:O
45:κ
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
