46:
33:
376:
in the cyst; as division progresses the remnant vacuole material is reduced to a residual body. Typically
Colpodella divides into four daughter cells (sometimes just two). This is in contrast to true Apicomplexa and
397:
This family appears to be a sister clade to the
Apicomplexa. Their life style may be representative of the free living ancestors of the Apicomplexa. One significant difference is that this genus, like the
389:
produces 128. The daughter cells grow flagella, the cyst wall ruptures, and the cells swim away, leaving the residual body behind. A possible sexual process has been observed in at least two species.
3268:
742:"Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences"
3294:
357:. While feeding the predator attaches its anterior portion - the rostrum - to the prey. The rostrum contains the pseudoconoid, which transforms into a ring of
3255:
883:
691:
808:
353:. Most species apparently penetrate through the cell membrane and consume the prey's cytoplasm - this mode of feeding is known as
3320:
924:
919:
816:
679:
3281:
1003:
993:
976:
306:, although the two taxa are not specifically related. The motile stages of both genera have a pair of anterior orthogonal
326:. Both the rhoptries and micronemes arise at the anterior portion of the cell. A three-layered pellicle lies beneath the
1162:
3348:
45:
3299:
641:
Alastair G. B. Simpson; David J. Patterson (1996). "Ultrastructure and identification of the predatory flagellate
2755:
543:
2995:
2893:
2561:
2031:
1008:
876:
678:
Brian S. Leander; Olga N. Kuvardina; Vladimir V. Aleshin; Alexander P. Mylnikov; Patrick J. Keeling (2003).
651:
609:
These organisms are not normally considered to be human pathogens. However, a report of an infection of the
433:
3182:
2049:
825:
492:
2804:
2324:
1343:
1282:
1204:
971:
792:
spp.-like parasite infection in woman, China. Emerg Infect Dis 18(1):125-127 doi: 10.3201/eid1801.110716
475:
453:
276:
1848:
1838:
509:
443:
368:
Following feeding cells lose their flagella, become spherical, encyst and divide (i.e. reproduce). The
256:
2360:
2001:
1843:
1792:
1782:
577:
3325:
3242:
3057:
2910:
2352:
2336:
2332:
2328:
1984:
1884:
1096:
594:
560:
526:
423:
3045:
3033:
2984:
2606:
2300:
2284:
2280:
2026:
1972:
1797:
830:
361:
encircling the attachment zone. The cytoplasm of the prey is then drawn into a large posterior food
3051:
3028:
3011:
2618:
2356:
2292:
2229:
2186:
2043:
2038:
1866:
1378:
1043:
614:
3111:
2915:
2881:
2852:
2598:
2527:
2344:
2288:
1787:
1740:
1372:
1037:
1028:
3103:
3086:
3069:
3020:
2977:
2972:
2922:
2340:
2296:
2276:
2076:
2013:
1989:
1295:
1252:
1138:
1071:
988:
966:
954:
929:
869:
188:
178:
40:
3140:
3132:
3078:
2348:
2008:
1947:
1349:
1338:
1048:
243:
3116:
1240:
198:
3307:
3273:
3229:
3091:
2965:
2927:
2402:
2320:
1964:
1802:
1663:
1586:
1157:
998:
961:
949:
939:
771:
708:
2019:
402:, have an open sided conoid (pseudoconoid) while the Apicomplexa which possess a conoid (the
3312:
2840:
2394:
2370:
2366:
2204:
2148:
1645:
1449:
1187:
913:
835:
761:
753:
700:
660:
3220:
2828:
2406:
2374:
2194:
2190:
2153:
2131:
2096:
1807:
1606:
1538:
1468:
1199:
1192:
327:
2723:
2639:
2549:
2470:
2410:
2380:
2163:
2107:
2084:
1907:
1668:
1623:
1456:
1436:
1325:
1091:
944:
896:
843:
766:
741:
704:
369:
287:
96:
70:
839:
3342:
2989:
2898:
2738:
2687:
2674:
2657:
2581:
2428:
2316:
2237:
2158:
2113:
2101:
2066:
1858:
1769:
1699:
1611:
1594:
1473:
1314:
1301:
1133:
716:
3151:
2857:
2845:
2799:
2779:
2728:
2705:
2573:
2556:
2544:
2487:
2475:
2439:
2416:
2310:
2306:
2272:
2214:
2209:
2198:
2182:
2178:
2140:
1995:
1977:
1901:
1711:
1687:
1675:
1517:
1497:
1480:
1461:
1427:
1363:
1247:
1217:
1115:
251:
230:
129:
3234:
310:, vesicular mitochondrial cristae, inner alveolar membranes and micropores. Both
3286:
3214:
3039:
2960:
2943:
2833:
2824:
2761:
2749:
2743:
2648:
2494:
2481:
2254:
2219:
2173:
2168:
1939:
1877:
1728:
1656:
1650:
1599:
1565:
1545:
1413:
1307:
1290:
1270:
1229:
1174:
1145:
1120:
610:
403:
358:
354:
331:
283:
234:
119:
3205:
32:
3145:
2886:
2791:
2768:
2716:
2710:
2668:
2662:
2611:
2536:
2463:
2451:
2445:
2421:
2266:
2262:
2242:
2119:
2089:
1919:
1819:
1814:
1757:
1751:
1704:
1692:
1680:
1632:
1505:
1485:
1259:
1222:
1180:
1168:
1079:
757:
411:
335:
272:
238:
241:. Many members of this genus were previously assigned to a different genus -
2952:
2863:
2773:
2698:
2680:
2623:
2499:
2433:
1895:
1889:
1871:
1745:
1716:
1640:
1522:
1444:
1383:
1210:
900:
892:
861:
399:
323:
318:
species have open sided truncated conoids (sometimes called pseudoconoids),
299:
280:
222:
109:
57:
775:
712:
788:
Yuan CL, Keeling PJ, Krause PJ, Horak A, Bent S, Rollend L, Hua XG (2012)
3199:
2903:
2816:
2692:
2457:
1952:
1913:
1831:
1775:
1576:
1264:
1126:
1103:
983:
381:, which typically produce many more daughter cells during reproduction -
330:
and is otherwise composed of the alveolar membranes and widely separated
307:
303:
3260:
1825:
1763:
1510:
1402:
1319:
1150:
1108:
1084:
1062:
664:
373:
362:
350:
319:
226:
684:(Alveolata): insights into the phagotrophic ancestry of apicomplexans"
1234:
3176:
218:
349:
are free-living and are voracious predators of other free-living
3247:
372:
are simple spheres. The food vacuole appears as a large central
334:
that arise subapically. Some species have extrusive organelles (
83:
3180:
865:
565:(Simpson & Patterson 1996) Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2004
531:(Simpson & Patterson 1996) Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2004
471:(Foissner & Foissner 1984) Simpson & Patterson 1996
385:
species can produce up to 32 cells, for example, while
229:, and two further possible species: They share all the
290:, which are the reproductive stage in the life cycle.
548:(Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2004) Cavalier-Smith 2017
3189:
3131:
3102:
3077:
3068:
3019:
3010:
2951:
2942:
2874:
2815:
2790:
2647:
2638:
2597:
2572:
2535:
2526:
2393:
2253:
2228:
2139:
2130:
2075:
2064:
1963:
1938:
1857:
1727:
1631:
1622:
1585:
1574:
1563:
1496:
1435:
1426:
1411:
1400:
1371:
1362:
1281:
1070:
1061:
1036:
1027:
582:(Patterson & Simpson 1996) Cavalier-Smith 2017
480:(Foissner & Foissner 1984) Cavalier-Smith 2017
522:Simpson & Patterson 1996 non Cienkowsky 1865
448:Cienkowsky 1865 non Simpson & Patterson 1996
807:Leander, Brian S.; Keeling, Patrick J. (2003).
680:"Molecular phylogeny and surface morphology of
645:Cienkowski (Apicomplexa) with a description of
322:that occupy the length of the cell and smaller
514:(Mylnikov 2000) Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2004
497:(Hollande 1938) Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2004
877:
8:
488:(Hollande 1938) Patterson & Zölffel 1991
458:(Dujardin 1841) Simpson & Patterson 1996
144:Simpson & Patterson, 1996
3177:
3074:
3016:
2948:
2644:
2532:
2523:
2136:
2072:
1733:
1628:
1582:
1571:
1432:
1423:
1419:
1408:
1368:
1067:
1033:
1024:
884:
870:
862:
590:(Kent, 1880) Simpson & Patterson, 1996
31:
20:
829:
765:
636:
634:
632:
630:
428:(Klebs 1892) Simpson & Patterson 1996
613:in a Chinese woman with a deficiency of
626:
275:in diameter) flagellated protists. The
809:"Morphostasis in alveolate evolution"
463:Species transferred to other genera:
7:
293:Morphologically the trophozoites of
649:n. sp. and a review of the genus".
237:, but are free-living, rather than
705:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2003.tb00145.x
692:Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
14:
418:Species currently within genus:
409:Another genus in this family is
279:of consists of two main stages:
44:
16:Genus of single-celled organisms
817:Trends in Ecology and Evolution
740:Cavalier-Smith, Thomas (2018).
271:These are small (< 20
1:
840:10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00152-6
203:Patterson & Zoelffel 1991
573:Patterson & Simpson 1996
556:Simpson & Patterson 1996
438:Mylnikov & Mylnikov 2007
3365:
2522:
1736:
1533:
1422:
1336:
1023:
907:
758:10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3
184:
177:
170:
165:
41:Scientific classification
39:
30:
23:
406:) have a closed conoid.
2562:Vitrella brassicaformis
652:Systematic Parasitology
544:Microvorax tetrahymenae
536:Colpodella tetrahymenae
193:Droop 1953 nomen dubium
1283:Postciliodesmatophora
434:Colpodella pseudoedax
1985:Eleutheroschizonidae
1097:Cariacothrix caudata
615:natural killer cells
485:Colpodella perforans
2230:Blastogregarinorina
2187:Oligochaetocystinae
617:has been reported.
539:Cavalier-Smith 2004
493:Chilovora perforans
3349:Apicomplexa genera
2325:Amphiplatysporidae
2277:Cephaloidophoridae
2077:Archigregarinorida
1072:Intramacronucleata
665:10.1007/BF01531200
502:Colpodella pontica
476:Microvorax gonderi
468:Colpodella gonderi
454:Colpodella angusta
3336:
3335:
3308:Open Tree of Life
3183:Taxon identifiers
3174:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3162:
3161:
3127:
3126:
3006:
3005:
2938:
2937:
2634:
2633:
2518:
2517:
2514:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2403:Schizogregarinina
2389:
2388:
2060:
2059:
1965:Protococcidiorida
1934:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1849:Selenococcidiidae
1839:Elleipsisomatidae
1803:Cryptosporidiidae
1664:Haemogregarinidae
1587:Agamococcidiorida
1559:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1358:
1357:
1158:Oligohymenophorea
1057:
1056:
647:Colpodella turpis
643:Colpodella pugnax
600:
591:
583:
574:
570:Colpodella unguis
566:
557:
553:Colpodella turpis
549:
540:
532:
523:
519:Colpodella pugnax
515:
510:Voromonas pontica
506:
498:
489:
481:
472:
459:
449:
444:Colpodella pugnax
439:
429:
262:
257:Colpodella pugnax
210:
209:
204:
194:
161:
145:
3356:
3329:
3328:
3316:
3315:
3303:
3302:
3290:
3289:
3287:NHMSYS0020787542
3277:
3276:
3264:
3263:
3251:
3250:
3238:
3237:
3225:
3224:
3223:
3210:
3209:
3208:
3178:
3075:
3017:
2949:
2841:Duboscquellaceae
2645:
2533:
2524:
2395:Neogregarinorida
2371:Actinocephalidae
2367:Stylocephaloidea
2361:Trichorhynchidae
2205:Schaudinnellidae
2149:Aikinetocystidae
2137:
2073:
2002:Eleutheroschizon
1844:Lankesterellidae
1793:Calyptosporiidae
1783:Atoxoplasmatidae
1734:
1646:Dactylosomatidae
1629:
1583:
1572:
1433:
1424:
1420:
1409:
1369:
1188:Parablepharismea
1163:Ichthyophthirius
1068:
1034:
1025:
936:
916:
886:
879:
872:
863:
857:
855:
854:
848:
842:. Archived from
833:
813:
793:
786:
780:
779:
769:
737:
731:
730:
728:
727:
721:
715:. Archived from
688:
675:
669:
668:
638:
598:
589:
587:Colpodella vorax
581:
578:Colpovora unguis
572:
564:
555:
547:
538:
530:
521:
513:
504:
496:
487:
479:
470:
457:
447:
437:
427:
260:
202:
192:
160:Cienkowski, 1865
159:
143:
49:
48:
35:
21:
3364:
3363:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3339:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3324:
3319:
3311:
3306:
3298:
3293:
3285:
3280:
3272:
3267:
3259:
3254:
3246:
3241:
3233:
3228:
3219:
3218:
3213:
3204:
3203:
3198:
3185:
3175:
3158:
3123:
3098:
3064:
3058:Rhizellobiopsis
3002:
2934:
2911:Pronoctilucidae
2870:
2829:Amoebophryaceae
2811:
2786:
2737:Without theca:
2630:
2593:
2568:
2506:
2407:Caulleryellidae
2385:
2375:Stylocephalidae
2353:Sphaerocystidae
2337:Dactylophoridae
2333:Cnemidosporidae
2329:Brustiophoridae
2249:
2224:
2195:Stomatophorinae
2191:Rhynchocystinae
2154:Allantocystidae
2132:Eugregarinorida
2126:
2097:Selenidioididae
2069:
2056:
1959:
1926:
1885:Toxoplasmatinae
1853:
1808:Cryptosporidium
1723:
1618:
1607:Rhytidocystidae
1579:
1568:
1551:
1539:Cardiosporidium
1529:
1492:
1469:Leucocytozoidae
1416:
1405:
1388:
1354:
1332:
1277:
1200:Phyllopharyngea
1193:Parablepharisma
1053:
1019:
1018:
934:
912:
903:
890:
860:
852:
850:
846:
831:10.1.1.452.8288
811:
806:
802:
797:
796:
787:
783:
739:
738:
734:
725:
723:
719:
686:
682:Colpodella edax
677:
676:
672:
640:
639:
628:
623:
607:
595:Dinomonas vorax
561:Algovora turpis
527:Algovora pugnax
424:Colpodella edax
395:
328:plasma membrane
297:are similar to
269:
261:Cienkowski 1865
158:
142:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3362:
3360:
3352:
3351:
3341:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3330:
3317:
3304:
3291:
3278:
3265:
3252:
3239:
3226:
3211:
3195:
3193:
3187:
3186:
3181:
3172:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3137:
3135:
3129:
3128:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3121:
3108:
3106:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3083:
3081:
3072:
3066:
3065:
3063:
3062:
3046:Parallobiopsis
3034:Elliobiocystis
3025:
3023:
3014:
3008:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2985:Rastromonadida
2982:
2970:
2957:
2955:
2946:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2920:
2908:
2896:
2891:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2868:
2850:
2838:
2821:
2819:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2796:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2766:
2734:
2733:
2724:Prorocentrales
2721:
2703:
2685:
2656:With a theca:
2653:
2651:
2642:
2640:Dinoflagellata
2636:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2616:
2607:Alphamonadidae
2603:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2578:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2554:
2550:Chromera velia
2541:
2539:
2530:
2520:
2519:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2492:
2471:Schizocystidae
2468:
2426:
2414:
2411:Ophryocystidae
2399:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2381:Blabericolidae
2378:
2364:
2314:
2304:
2301:Uradiophoridae
2285:Didymophoridae
2281:Cephalolobidae
2270:
2259:
2257:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2234:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2164:Enterocystidae
2161:
2156:
2151:
2145:
2143:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2108:Meroselenidium
2094:
2085:Exoschizonidae
2081:
2079:
2070:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2036:
2027:Mackinnoniidae
2024:
2006:
1982:
1973:Angeiocystidae
1969:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1944:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1924:
1908:Nephroisospora
1882:
1863:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1812:
1800:
1798:Caryotrophidae
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1737:
1731:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1709:
1697:
1685:
1673:
1669:Haemogregarina
1661:
1643:
1637:
1635:
1626:
1624:Eucoccidiorida
1620:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1604:
1591:
1589:
1580:
1575:
1569:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1542:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1515:
1502:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1478:
1466:
1457:Haemoproteidae
1454:
1441:
1439:
1437:Haemospororida
1430:
1417:
1412:
1406:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1377:
1375:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1330:
1326:Tracheloraphis
1312:
1287:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1275:
1257:
1245:
1227:
1215:
1197:
1185:
1155:
1143:
1131:
1113:
1101:
1092:Cariacotrichea
1089:
1076:
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1009:Mesomycetozoea
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964:
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958:
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945:Diaphoretickes
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800:External links
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3084:
3082:
3080:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3067:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3053:
3052:Thalassomyces
3048:
3047:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3029:Ellobiopsidae
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3012:Protalveolata
3009:
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2990:Parvilucifera
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2899:Oxyrrhinaceae
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2894:Ichthyodinium
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2767:
2764:
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2758:
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2740:
2739:Gymnodiniales
2736:
2735:
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2725:
2722:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2712:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2695:
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2689:
2688:Gonyaulacales
2686:
2683:
2682:
2677:
2676:
2675:Ornithocercus
2671:
2670:
2665:
2664:
2659:
2658:Dinophysiales
2655:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2637:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2619:Voromonadidae
2617:
2614:
2613:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2589:
2588:
2583:
2582:Colpodellidae
2580:
2579:
2577:
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2571:
2564:
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2430:
2429:Lipotrophidae
2427:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2392:
2382:
2379:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2357:Stenophoridae
2354:
2350:
2346:
2342:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2317:Stenophoricae
2315:
2312:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2298:
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2293:Hirmocystidae
2290:
2286:
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2278:
2274:
2271:
2268:
2264:
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2239:
2238:Siedleckiidae
2236:
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2227:
2221:
2218:
2216:
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2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
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2188:
2184:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2159:Diplocystidae
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2115:
2114:Selenidioides
2110:
2109:
2104:
2103:
2102:Merogregarina
2098:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2067:Gregarinasina
2063:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2045:
2044:Myriosporides
2040:
2039:Myriosporidae
2037:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1909:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1891:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1867:Sarcocystinae
1865:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1859:Sarcocystidae
1856:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1834:
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1828:
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1822:
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1809:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
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1781:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1771:
1770:Pseudoklossia
1766:
1765:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1747:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1700:Klossiellidae
1698:
1695:
1694:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1662:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1652:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1621:
1614:
1613:
1612:Rhytidocystis
1608:
1605:
1602:
1601:
1596:
1595:Gemmocystidae
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1562:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1525:
1524:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1507:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1495:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1474:Leucocytozoon
1470:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1458:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1399:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1379:Colponemadida
1376:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1328:
1327:
1322:
1321:
1316:
1315:Karyorelictea
1313:
1310:
1309:
1304:
1303:
1302:Climacostomum
1298:
1297:
1292:
1291:Heterotrichea
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1280:
1273:
1272:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1242:
1237:
1236:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1134:Muranotrichea
1132:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1051:
1050:
1045:
1044:Acavomonadida
1041:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
996:
995:
992:
990:
987:
986:
985:
982:
978:
975:
973:
972:Stramenopiles
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
956:
953:
952:
951:
948:
947:
946:
943:
941:
938:
935:(major groups
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
915:
911:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
887:
882:
880:
875:
873:
868:
867:
864:
849:on 2012-04-01
845:
841:
837:
832:
827:
823:
819:
818:
810:
805:
804:
799:
791:
785:
782:
777:
773:
768:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
736:
733:
722:on 2012-04-01
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
693:
685:
683:
674:
671:
666:
662:
658:
654:
653:
648:
644:
637:
635:
633:
631:
627:
620:
618:
616:
612:
604:
597:
596:
588:
585:
580:
579:
571:
568:
563:
562:
554:
551:
546:
545:
537:
534:
529:
528:
520:
517:
512:
511:
505:Mylnikov 2000
503:
500:
495:
494:
486:
483:
478:
477:
469:
466:
465:
464:
456:
455:
451:
446:
445:
441:
436:
435:
431:
426:
425:
421:
420:
419:
416:
414:
413:
407:
405:
401:
392:
390:
388:
384:
380:
375:
371:
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
339:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
302:
301:
296:
291:
289:
285:
282:
278:
274:
266:
264:
259:
258:
253:
248:
246:
245:
240:
236:
235:apicomplexans
232:
228:
225:comprising 5
224:
220:
216:
215:
201:
200:
196:
191:
190:
186:
185:
183:
180:
176:
173:
169:
164:
157:
156:
152:
149:
148:
141:
140:Colpodellidae
138:
135:
134:
131:
128:
125:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
89:
88:
85:
82:
79:
76:
75:
72:
69:
66:
63:
62:
59:
56:
53:
52:
47:
42:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
3190:
3152:Platyproteum
3150:
3144:
3115:
3112:Chilovoridae
3090:
3056:
3050:
3044:
3038:
3032:
2994:
2988:
2976:
2964:
2926:
2916:Pronoctiluca
2914:
2902:
2885:
2882:Acrocoelidae
2862:
2858:Hematodinium
2856:
2853:Syndiniaceae
2846:Duboscquella
2844:
2832:
2803:
2800:Noctilucales
2780:Symbiodinium
2778:
2772:
2760:
2754:
2748:
2742:
2729:Prorocentrum
2727:
2715:
2709:
2706:Peridiniales
2697:
2691:
2679:
2673:
2667:
2661:
2622:
2610:
2599:Voromonadida
2586:
2585:
2574:Colpodellida
2560:
2557:Vitrellaceae
2548:
2545:Chromeraceae
2528:Apicomonadea
2498:
2488:Schizocystis
2486:
2480:
2476:Lymphotropha
2474:
2462:
2456:
2450:
2444:
2440:Farinocystis
2438:
2432:
2420:
2417:Gigaductidae
2345:Monoductidae
2311:Porosporidae
2307:Porosporicae
2289:Gregarinidae
2273:Gregarinicae
2241:
2215:Thiriotiidae
2210:Selenidiidae
2199:Zygocystinae
2183:Monocystinae
2179:Monocystidae
2141:Aseptatorina
2118:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2088:
2048:
2042:
2030:
2018:
2012:
2000:
1996:Defretinella
1994:
1988:
1978:Angeiocystis
1976:
1951:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1902:Hyaloklossia
1900:
1894:
1888:
1876:
1870:
1830:
1824:
1818:
1806:
1788:Barrouxiidae
1774:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1750:
1744:
1741:Aggregatidae
1715:
1712:Legerellidae
1703:
1691:
1688:Karyolysidae
1679:
1676:Hepatozoidae
1667:
1655:
1649:
1610:
1598:
1544:
1537:
1521:
1518:Theileriidae
1509:
1498:Piroplasmida
1484:
1481:Plasmodiidae
1472:
1462:Haemoproteus
1460:
1448:
1428:Aconoidasida
1382:
1373:Colponemadea
1364:Colponemidia
1348:
1342:
1324:
1318:
1306:
1300:
1294:
1269:
1263:
1260:Spirotrichea
1251:
1248:Protocruziea
1239:
1233:
1221:
1209:
1205:Chilodonella
1203:
1191:
1179:
1173:
1167:
1161:
1149:
1137:
1125:
1119:
1116:Litostomatea
1107:
1095:
1083:
1047:
1038:Acavomonadea
1029:Acavomonidia
994:Opisthokonta
851:. Retrieved
844:the original
821:
815:
789:
784:
749:
745:
735:
724:. Retrieved
717:the original
696:
690:
681:
673:
656:
650:
646:
642:
611:erythrocytes
608:
593:
586:
576:
569:
559:
552:
542:
535:
525:
518:
508:
501:
491:
484:
474:
467:
462:
452:
442:
432:
422:
417:
410:
408:
396:
386:
382:
378:
367:
359:microtubules
346:
342:
340:
332:microtubules
315:
311:
298:
294:
292:
284:trophozoites
270:
255:
252:type species
249:
242:
213:
212:
211:
197:
187:
171:
154:
153:
139:
130:Colpodellida
103:
90:
77:
64:
24:
18:
3215:Wikispecies
3104:Chilovorida
3087:Algovoridae
3070:Myzomonadea
3040:Ellobiopsis
3021:Ellobiopsea
2996:Rastrimonas
2978:Phagodinium
2973:Phagodinida
2961:Perkinsidae
2944:Perkinsozoa
2923:Psammosidae
2834:Amoebophyra
2825:Syndiniales
2762:Karlodinium
2750:Gymnodinium
2744:Amphidinium
2649:Dinokaryota
2495:Syncystidae
2482:Machadoella
2341:Leidyanidae
2297:Metameridae
2255:Septatorina
2220:Urosporidae
2174:Lecudinidae
2169:Ganymedidae
2032:Mackinnonia
2014:Coelotropha
1990:Coelotropha
1940:Ixorheorida
1878:Sarcocystis
1729:Eimeriorina
1657:Dactylosoma
1651:Babesiosoma
1600:Gemmocystis
1566:Conoidasida
1546:Nephromyces
1414:Apicomplexa
1308:Blepharisma
1271:Stylonychia
1253:Protocruzia
1230:Prostomatea
1218:Plagiopylea
1175:Tetrahymena
1146:Nassophorea
1139:Muranothrix
1121:Balantidium
746:Protoplasma
404:Conoidasida
355:myzocytosis
336:trichocysts
281:flagellated
267:Description
189:Nephromonas
120:Apicomplexa
3221:Colpodella
3191:Colpodella
3146:Filipodium
3141:Squirmidae
3133:Squirmidea
3079:Algovorida
2887:Acrocoelus
2792:Noctilucea
2769:Suessiales
2717:Peridinium
2711:Pfiesteria
2669:Histioneis
2663:Dinophysis
2612:Alphamonas
2587:Colpodella
2537:Chromerida
2464:Menzbieria
2452:Lipocystis
2446:Lipotropha
2422:Gigaductus
2349:Monoicidae
2267:Fusionidae
2263:Fusionicae
2243:Siedleckia
2120:Veloxidium
2090:Exoschizon
2050:Myriospora
2009:Grelliidae
1948:Ixorheidae
1920:Toxoplasma
1820:Cyclospora
1815:Eimeriidae
1758:Merocystis
1752:Grasseella
1705:Klossiella
1693:Karyolysus
1681:Hepatozoon
1633:Adeleorina
1506:Babesiidae
1486:Plasmodium
1350:Myrionecta
1344:Mesodinium
1339:Mesodiniea
1223:Plagiopyla
1181:Vorticella
1169:Paramecium
1080:Armophorea
1063:Ciliophora
1049:Acavomonas
853:2011-10-14
790:Colpodella
726:2011-10-14
621:References
412:Acrocoelus
387:Toxoplasma
347:Colpodella
324:micronemes
312:Colpodella
295:Colpodella
277:life cycle
244:Spiromonas
223:alveolates
214:Colpodella
172:See text.
155:Colpodella
25:Colpodella
3117:Chilovora
2966:Perkinsus
2953:Perkinsea
2864:Syndinium
2805:Noctiluca
2774:Polarella
2699:Gonyaulax
2681:Oxyphysis
2624:Voromonas
2500:Syncystis
2434:Apicystis
1896:Hammondia
1890:Besnoitia
1872:Frenkelia
1746:Aggregata
1717:Legerella
1641:Adeleidae
1523:Theileria
1445:Garniidae
1384:Colponema
1241:Holophrya
1211:Tokophrya
989:Amoebozoa
967:Alveolata
955:Cryptista
930:Eukaryota
901:Alveolata
893:Eukaryota
826:CiteSeerX
599:Kent 1880
400:Perkinsea
383:Perkinsus
379:Perkinsus
343:Perkinsus
320:rhoptries
316:Perkinsus
304:zoospores
300:Perkinsus
239:parasitic
199:Dingensia
110:Alveolata
58:Eukaryota
3343:Category
3206:Q5149298
3200:Wikidata
3092:Algovora
2928:Psammosa
2904:Oxyrrhis
2817:Syndinea
2693:Ceratium
2458:Mattesia
2321:Acutidae
1953:Ixorheis
1914:Neospora
1832:Isospora
1776:Selysina
1577:Coccidia
1265:Euplotes
1127:Dileptus
1104:Colpodea
984:Amorphea
962:Rhizaria
950:Hacrobia
940:Excavata
925:Bacteria
776:28875267
713:14563171
605:Clinical
393:Taxonomy
351:protists
308:flagella
179:Synonyms
166:Species
136:Family:
116:Phylum:
54:Domain:
3274:1332858
3261:7380028
3248:2908308
2756:Karenia
2020:Grellia
1826:Eimeria
1764:Ovivora
1511:Babesia
1403:Myzozoa
1320:Loxodes
1296:Stentor
1151:Nassula
1109:Colpoda
1085:Metopus
999:Animals
920:Archaea
767:5756292
374:vacuole
363:vacuole
341:Unlike
227:species
150:Genus:
126:Order:
3326:103341
3313:737183
3300:177938
1450:Garnia
1235:Coleps
977:Plants
914:Domain
828:
774:
764:
711:
3321:WoRMS
3269:IRMNG
2875:Other
1004:Fungi
847:(PDF)
812:(PDF)
720:(PDF)
687:(PDF)
370:cysts
288:cysts
219:genus
217:is a
104:Clade
91:Clade
78:Clade
65:Clade
3295:NCBI
3256:GBIF
3235:3SL3
772:PMID
709:PMID
314:and
286:and
250:The
84:TSAR
3282:NBN
3243:EoL
3230:CoL
897:SAR
836:doi
762:PMC
754:doi
750:255
701:doi
661:doi
592:as
575:as
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