499:
285:
390:
39:
1927:
806:
554:
341:
693:
663:
369:
2208:
2226:. The guans and curassows live in trees, but the smaller chachalacas are found in more open scrubby habitats. Many species are fairly long tailed, which may be an aide to navigating their largely arboreal existence. They are generally dull-plumaged, but the curassows and some guans have colourful facial ornaments. The birds in this family are particularly vocal, with the chachalacas taking their name from the sound of their call. Cracids range in size from the
64:
783:
313:
723:
4320:
4344:
753:
4356:
4332:
1983:, but the authors caution that this cannot be more than a hypothesis at present: as the rate of molecular evolution is neither constant over time nor uniform between genera and even species, dating based on molecular information has a very low accuracy over such long timespans and needs to be corroborated by
2042:
are often considered cracids, but this is not certain at all; they may belong to a related extinct lineage. It is unfortunate that of these too, few good fossils are known, as they date to about the time when the modern groups presumably diverged. Should they be cracids, they are not unlikely to
1909:
Alternatively, all subfamilies except the
Penelopinae could be lumped into the Cracinae. As the initial radiation of cracids is not well resolved at present (see below), the system used here seems more appropriate. It is also quite probable that entirely
2129:
which led to the establishment of the modern river basins. The distribution of curassow and piping-guan species for the most part follows the layout of these river systems, and in the latter case, apparently many
2697:
Zelenitsky, Darla K.; Hills, L. V.; Currie, Philip J. (1996). "Parataxonomic classification of ornithoid eggshell fragments from the Oldman
Formation (Judith River Group; Upper Cretaceous), Southern Alberta".
2054:
and onwards, must also be considered hypothetical given the lack of robust evidence. Still, the "molecular" scenario is entirely possible considering what is known about the evolution and radiation of the
4603:
4608:
3232:
498:
4513:
4539:
4487:
4526:
3227:
2043:
represent either some of the last members of the family before guans, chachalacas, etc. evolved, or very early representatives of these lineages.
2608:
del Hoyo, J. (1994). Family
Cracidae (Chachalacas, Guans and Curassows). Pp. 310–363 in; del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. & Sargatal, J. eds.
463:
2434:
284:
1964:, 2002), the relationships between the species of curassows (Pereira & Baker, 2004) and between the piping- and wattled guans (Grau
2301:. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Vol. 222. New York: American Museum of Natural History. pp. 135, 252.
2258:
and are born with an instinct to immediately climb and seek refuge in the nesting tree. They are able to fly within days of hatching.
2617:
2544:
454:
Cladogram based on the study by De Chen and collaborators published in 2021. The numbers of species are from the list maintained by
246:. However, the group is not monophyletic and more recent phylogenetic studies have found Megapodiidae and Cracidae to be successive
2653:
389:
2086:, 1996), but in the absence of bone material their relationships cannot be determined except that they are apparently not from a
2771:
4531:
4360:
2275:
224:
130:
2654:"Combined nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences resolve generic relationships within the Cracidae (Galliformes, Aves)"
38:
2497:
Mayr, Gerald (2016). "On the taxonomy and osteology of the Early Eocene North
American Geranoididae (Aves, Gruoidea)".
4425:
3217:
1926:
2565:
2999:
2399:
1586:
1444:
1067:
455:
340:
4544:
2914:
2904:
1960:
data to study the phylogenetic relationships of cracid birds, namely the relationships among the genera (Pereira
1551:
1480:
1055:
1019:
924:
63:
2643:
2624:
3240:
3222:
1515:
1468:
1456:
1031:
805:
205:
553:
2350:"Divergence time estimation of Galliformes based on the best gene shopping scheme of ultraconserved elements"
3245:
2250:
These species feed on fruit, insects and worms. They build nests in trees, and lay two to three large white
2019:, 2002) that the split between the 4 main lineages of our time occurred quite rapidly, approximately in the
1698:
1492:
46:
2738:
692:
4598:
4378:
3212:
3024:
2974:
1598:
1432:
2181:, and indeed a very different animal from cracids, being a 2 meter tall terrestrial predator. Similarly,
4565:
3049:
2160:
1798:
1400:
1291:
950:
247:
2625:"Vicariant speciation of curassows (Aves, Cracidae): a hypothesis based on mitochondrial DNA phylogeny"
2564:
Grau, Erwin T.; Pereira, SĂ©rgio Luiz; Silveira, LuĂs Fábio; Höfling, Elizabeth; Wanjtal, Anita (2005).
2348:
Chen, D.; Hosner, P.A.; Dittmann, D.L.; O’Neill, J.P.; Birks, S.M.; Braun, E.L.; Kimball, R.T. (2021).
1987:
evidence. The fossil record of cracids is limited to a single doubtfully distinct genus of chachalaca,
1389:
4430:
898:
4451:
3677:
2743:
2707:
2122:
1953:
1786:
1686:
1539:
1411:
1378:
1043:
201:
2117:) and the piping/wattled guans is supported by better evidence. It was usually caused by changes in
912:
662:
3207:
3099:
3039:
2984:
2764:
2463:
2211:
1746:
1722:
1527:
1196:
368:
209:
4343:
2207:
2038:
3990:
3054:
3014:
2979:
2514:
2165:
1989:
1838:
1774:
1279:
1108:
58:
4570:
4336:
938:
4593:
4552:
4438:
4116:
4063:
4013:
3156:
3146:
3089:
2889:
2884:
2678:
2613:
2593:
2540:
2381:
2320:
2227:
1890:
1574:
1562:
1303:
1267:
1243:
4518:
2032:
886:
879:
Extinct species assignment follows the Mikko's
Phylogeny Archive and Paleofile.com websites.
4557:
3982:
3124:
2796:
2715:
2668:
2638:
2585:
2506:
2403:
2371:
2361:
2302:
2075:
1810:
1710:
1503:
1420:
1136:
1125:
782:
547:
459:
312:
189:
174:
2566:"Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of Neotropical piping guans (Aves: Galliformes):
1968:, 2005). The traditional groups—chachalacas, guans, and curassows—are verified as distinct
4214:
4042:
3512:
3034:
3019:
2957:
2856:
2784:
2183:
2170:
2079:
1980:
1957:
1866:
722:
239:
181:
2711:
2686:
4416:
4324:
4254:
4206:
4140:
4079:
4034:
4021:
3895:
3858:
3709:
3483:
3320:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3044:
3029:
2924:
2919:
2899:
2894:
2876:
2824:
2757:
2376:
2349:
2235:
2178:
2060:
2002:
1930:
1734:
1674:
1255:
1208:
363:
2015:, however. This does not provide any assistance in evaluating the hypothesis (Pereira
4587:
4262:
4246:
4169:
4161:
3995:
3793:
3643:
3530:
3488:
3288:
3280:
3202:
3166:
3084:
3008:
2629:
2251:
2223:
2174:
2156:
1994:
1915:
1878:
1330:
197:
185:
2518:
2279:
4348:
4092:
3937:
3753:
3591:
3539:
3411:
3372:
3141:
3129:
3119:
3109:
2806:
2196:
2188:
2139:
2056:
1949:
1219:
1148:
992:
752:
279:
235:
4479:
227:
in 1815. The
Cracidae are an ancient group that were thought to be related to the
4443:
2296:
4500:
4410:
4153:
4000:
3806:
3785:
3774:
3739:
3606:
3596:
3554:
3445:
3312:
3114:
2939:
2934:
2866:
2851:
2819:
2589:
2407:
1973:
1763:
1635:
1184:
1172:
1086:
965:
776:
522:
384:
251:
228:
151:
115:
2366:
2234:), at as little as 38 cm (15 in) and 350 g (12 oz), to the
4270:
4132:
4071:
4050:
3882:
3866:
3801:
3746:
3718:
3650:
3615:
3493:
3341:
3176:
3151:
2909:
2673:
2510:
2131:
2118:
2068:
2024:
1625:
1320:
1231:
1160:
1096:
656:
492:
4401:
2142:
belongs to the same genus as the piping-guans, which thus use the older name
2046:
Thus, the assumption that the modern diversity started to evolve in the late
4464:
4230:
4185:
3974:
3767:
3684:
3668:
3657:
3567:
3503:
3462:
3161:
2962:
2949:
2929:
2829:
2255:
2101:
2047:
2020:
1979:
In addition, the molecular data suggest that the
Cracidae originated in the
1828:
962:
799:
335:
75:
28:
2682:
2597:
2385:
4395:
4198:
3928:
3903:
3849:
3760:
3732:
3622:
3586:
3560:
3455:
3440:
3424:
3171:
3134:
2967:
2601:
2087:
2064:
1348:
231:
221:
146:
95:
4108:
3961:
3840:
3725:
3691:
3629:
3450:
3304:
3296:
2989:
2861:
2846:
2836:
2192:
2144:
2051:
2011:
1998:
1911:
1365:
975:
686:
577:
2749:
2612:, Vol. 2. New World Vultures to Guineafowl. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
4238:
4177:
3953:
3945:
3874:
3814:
3698:
3636:
3519:
3186:
3181:
3059:
1984:
1976:
represents the sole survivor of a very distinct and ancient lineage.
1008:
595:
85:
4505:
4492:
4372:
2719:
2306:
2281:
Analyse de la nature ou, Tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés
4469:
4124:
3911:
3474:
2242:), at nearly 1 m (39 in) and 4.3 kg (9.5 lb).
2206:
2126:
2107:
1969:
1942:
1925:
1855:
746:
193:
2734:
Cracid
Specialist Group – an organization of 200 'cracidologists'
2284:(in French). Vol. 1815. Palermo: Self-published. p. 69.
4100:
3467:
3430:
3400:
2814:
2780:
2113:
2095:
1946:
1663:
716:
170:
105:
4376:
3264:
2753:
2074:
is based on fossil eggshell fragments from the Late
Cretaceous
4222:
3079:
2841:
2652:
Pereira, SĂ©rgio Luiz; Baker, Allan J.; Wajntal, Anita (2002).
4456:
220:
The family
Cracidae was introduced (as Craxia) by the French
2475:
238:. The two families they were sometimes united in a distinct
2644:
10.1642/0004-8038(2004)121[0682:VSOCAC]2.0.CO;2
2222:
Cracids are large birds, similar in general appearance to
2733:
310:– chachalacas, curassows, guans (11 genera, 57 species)
2739:
BirdPhotos.com – high resolution photos of most species
2254:, which only the female incubates alone. The young are
2298:
History and Nomenclature of Avian Family-Group Names
4604:
Higher-level bird taxa restricted to the Neotropics
4385:
4197:
4152:
4091:
4062:
4033:
4012:
3973:
3936:
3927:
3894:
3857:
3848:
3839:
3784:
3708:
3667:
3605:
3577:
3553:
3529:
3502:
3423:
3410:
3371:
3340:
3279:
3195:
3098:
2998:
2948:
2875:
2805:
2535:Rands, Michael R.W. (1991). Forshaw, Joseph (ed.).
2173:. It is nowadays considered unambiguously to be a
387:– pheasants & allies (54 genera, 188 species)
2082:which are similar to chachalaca eggs (Zelenitsky
2023:or slightly earlier, somewhere between 40 and 20
180:. These are species of tropical and subtropical
242:, Craciformes, as in Munroe and Sibley's 1993
2765:
2623:Pereira, SĂ©rgio Luiz; Baker, Allan J (2004).
8:
2093:By comparison, speciation within curassows (
1687:Prince Albert's/Blue-billed/knobbed curassow
4609:Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque
2343:
2341:
4373:
3933:
3854:
3845:
3836:
3574:
3420:
3407:
3368:
3364:
3337:
3276:
3272:
3261:
3257:
2772:
2758:
2750:
366:– New World quail (10 genera, 34 species)
282:– megapodes (7 genera, 21 extant species)
37:
20:
2672:
2642:
2375:
2365:
2539:. London: Merehurst Press. p. 89.
2267:
2169:was referred to as Cracidae in 1964 by
2009:) and some species in the modern genus
2134:of populations in lowland areas (Grau
2578:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
2530:
2528:
2414:. International Ornithologists' Union
2138:, 2005). Another result was that the
192:, just reaches southernmost parts of
7:
4331:
1711:Globulose/Wattled/Yarrell's curassow
4355:
2437:Aves [Avialae]– basal birds
2408:"Pheasants, partridges, francolins"
2125:), mainly due to the uplift of the
1874:Bond & Meyer de Schauensee 1939
768:
738:
708:
678:
648:
569:
539:
514:
484:
477:
469:
464:International Ornithologists' Union
462:and David Donsker on behalf of the
356:
338:– guineafowl (4 genera, 8 species)
328:
300:
272:
265:
257:
2700:Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
2610:Handbook of the Birds of the World
14:
3233:Late Quaternary prehistoric birds
2321:"Taxon: Order Craciformes (bird)"
1575:Little/variable/Guiana chachalaca
955:(Gervais 1862) Milne-Edwards 1869
4354:
4342:
4330:
4319:
4318:
4209:(New World vultures and condors)
2412:IOC World Bird List Version 11.2
804:
781:
751:
721:
691:
661:
552:
497:
388:
367:
339:
311:
283:
188:. The range of one species, the
62:
2746:on the Internet Bird Collection
2537:Encyclopaedia of Animals: Birds
1846:(von Spix 1825) Burmeister 1856
2570:Bonaparte, 1856 is synonym of
2499:Swiss Journal of Palaeontology
2276:Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel
1338:(Fraser 1852) Reichenbach 1861
1000:(Lesson 1828) Reichenbach 1853
1:
2072:Tristraguloolithus cracioides
1941:Recent research has analyzed
1898:(Linnaeus 1766) Temminck 1813
225:Constantine Samuel Rafinesque
2155:Originally interpreted as a
2050:, continuing throughout the
903:Tordoff & Macdonald 1957
892:Tordoff & Macdonald 1957
4273:(woodpeckers and relatives)
2590:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.12.004
2121:which divided populations (
1215:Hellmayr & Conover 1942
925:Paleophasianus meleagroides
599:– piping guans (5 species)
4625:
4135:(cormorants and relatives)
3228:Extinct species since 1500
2367:10.1186/s12862-021-01935-1
2059:, and consistent with the
1587:Chestnut-headed chachalaca
1445:Chestnut-winged chachalaca
1383:Feduccia & Wilson 1967
1373:(chachalacas, 16 species)
1068:White-throated piping guan
690:– chachalacas (16 species)
4314:
4265:(kingfishers and rollers)
4119:(albatrosses and petrels)
4003:(swifts and hummingbirds)
3985:(nightjars and relatives)
3835:
3809:(pheasants and relatives)
3367:
3336:
3275:
3271:
3260:
3256:
2792:
2674:10.1080/10635150290102519
2511:10.1007/s13358-016-0117-2
2472:Paleofile.com (net, info)
2443:Mikko's Phylogeny Archive
2354:BMC Ecology and Evolution
2001:, USA; may actually be a
1914:subfamilies exist as the
1886:Weske & Terborgh 1971
1771:(razor-billed curassows)
1552:East Brazilian chachalaca
1481:Rufous-bellied chachalaca
1476:Sclater & Salvin 1870
1056:Blue-throated piping guan
1020:Black-fronted piping guan
796:
773:
766:
743:
736:
713:
706:
683:
676:
653:
646:
592:
574:
567:
544:
537:
519:
512:
489:
482:
475:
382:
361:
354:
333:
326:
305:
298:
277:
270:
263:
216:Systematics and evolution
143:
138:
59:Scientific classification
57:
45:
36:
23:
4164:(seriemas and relatives)
4143:(pelicans and relatives)
2295:Bock, Walter J. (1994).
1516:White-bellied chachalaca
1469:Rufous-headed chachalaca
1457:Rufous-vented chachalaca
1209:Red-faced/Dabbene's guan
1032:Red-throated piping guan
780:– curassows (4 species)
750:– curassows (3 species)
244:World Checklist of Birds
208:occur on the islands of
206:rufous-vented chachalaca
4257:(hornbills and hoopoes)
4172:(falcons and relatives)
2433:Haaramo, Mikko (2007).
2187:has been reassigned to
1918:is utterly incomplete.
1699:Yellow-knobbed curassow
1493:West Mexican chachalaca
720:– curassows (7 species)
47:Yellow-knobbed curassow
4241:(trogons and quetzals)
4053:(cranes and relatives)
3323:(emus and cassowaries)
3213:Glossary of bird terms
3025:Confuciusornithiformes
2219:
2191:, a lineage of large,
1938:
1599:Buff-browed chachalaca
1433:Grey-headed chachalaca
1201:Penelope superciliaris
803:– nocturnal curassow
4566:Paleobiology Database
4082:(kagu and sunbittern)
4045:(gulls and relatives)
3050:Songlingornithiformes
3015:Omnivoropterygiformes
2466:Taxonomic lists- Aves
2246:Behaviour and ecology
2210:
2161:Othniel Charles Marsh
1929:
1863:(helmeted curassows)
1820:(extinct in the wild)
1799:Razor-billed curassow
1603:Ortalis superciliaris
1292:Chestnut-bellied guan
1224:Penelope purpurascens
3904:Phoenicopteriformes
2406:, eds. (July 2021).
2123:vicariant speciation
1640:Oreophasis derbianus
1540:Colombian chachalaca
1496:Ortalis poliocephala
1473:Ortalis erythroptera
1296:Penelope ochrogaster
1113:Chamaepetes goudotii
1101:Chamaepetes unicolor
1044:Trinidad piping guan
551:– guans (16 species)
526:– guans (2 species)
202:Trinidad piping guan
3875:Mesitornithiformes
3869:(doves and pigeons)
3203:Families and orders
3065:Ichthyornithiformes
3040:Patagopterygiformes
2712:1996CaJES..33.1655Z
2212:Bare-faced curassow
1747:Bare-faced curassow
1723:Red-billed curassow
1528:Speckled chachalaca
1520:Ortalis leucogastra
1452:(von Humboldt 1805)
1437:Ortalis cinereiceps
1248:Penelope albipennis
1197:Rusty-margined guan
210:Trinidad and Tobago
200:. Two species, the
163:chachalacas, guans,
4217:(eagles and hawks)
4117:Procellariiformes
4022:Opisthocomiformes
3991:Steatornithiformes
3218:List by population
3055:Hongshanornithidae
2980:Evolution of birds
2661:Systematic Biology
2574:Reichenbach, 1853"
2478:on 11 January 2016
2402:; Donsker, David;
2220:
2166:Meleagris antiquus
1939:
1843:Nothocrax urumutum
1839:Nocturnal curassow
1775:Crestless curassow
1544:Ortalis columbiana
1508:Ortalis canicollis
1401:Ortalis pollicaris
1280:White-crested guan
1236:Penelope perspicax
1177:Penelope montagnii
1141:Penelope argyrotis
1109:Sickle-winged guan
951:Taoperdix pesseiti
944:Milne-Edwards 1869
450:Internal Phylogeny
4581:
4580:
4553:Open Tree of Life
4379:Taxon identifiers
4370:
4369:
4310:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4302:
4301:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4290:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4282:
4281:
4103:(loons or divers)
4072:Phaethontiformes
4064:Phaethontimorphae
4014:Opisthocomiformes
3983:Caprimulgiformes
3923:
3922:
3912:Podicipediformes
3831:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3823:
3822:
3549:
3548:
3332:
3331:
3289:Struthioniformes
3157:Waterfowl hunting
3090:Gastornithiformes
3085:Aepyornithiformes
3075:Lithornithiformes
2706:(12): 1655–1667.
2404:Rasmussen, Pamela
2228:little chachalaca
1935:Penelope jacquacu
1899:
1891:Helmeted curassow
1887:
1875:
1862:
1847:
1835:
1819:
1807:
1795:
1787:Salvin's curassow
1783:
1770:
1755:
1743:
1731:
1727:Crax blumenbachii
1719:
1707:
1695:
1683:
1670:
1656:
1644:
1632:
1619:
1615:Tribe Oreophasini
1607:
1595:
1583:
1571:
1563:Scaled chachalaca
1559:
1548:
1536:
1524:
1512:
1500:
1489:
1477:
1465:
1461:Ortalis ruficauda
1453:
1441:
1429:
1417:
1406:
1395:
1390:Ortalis phengites
1384:
1372:
1359:
1339:
1327:
1312:
1308:Penelope jacucaca
1304:White-browed guan
1300:
1288:
1276:
1268:Dusky-legged guan
1264:
1260:Penelope jacquacu
1252:
1244:White-winged guan
1240:
1228:
1216:
1212:Penelope dabbenei
1205:
1193:
1181:
1169:
1157:
1145:
1132:
1117:
1105:
1093:
1076:
1064:
1060:Pipile cumanensis
1052:
1040:
1028:
1015:
1001:
982:
956:
945:
930:
919:
904:
893:
871:
870:
862:
861:
853:
852:
844:
843:
835:
834:
826:
825:
817:
816:
635:
634:
626:
625:
617:
616:
608:
607:
446:
445:
437:
436:
428:
427:
419:
418:
410:
409:
401:
400:
159:
158:
134:
4616:
4574:
4573:
4561:
4560:
4548:
4547:
4535:
4534:
4522:
4521:
4509:
4508:
4496:
4495:
4483:
4482:
4473:
4472:
4460:
4459:
4447:
4446:
4434:
4433:
4421:
4420:
4419:
4406:
4405:
4404:
4374:
4358:
4357:
4346:
4334:
4333:
4322:
4321:
4274:
4266:
4258:
4250:
4247:Leptosomiformes
4242:
4234:
4226:
4218:
4215:Accipitriformes
4210:
4189:
4188:(perching birds)
4181:
4173:
4165:
4144:
4136:
4128:
4120:
4112:
4109:Sphenisciformes
4104:
4083:
4075:
4054:
4046:
4043:Charadriiformes
4025:
4004:
3986:
3965:
3957:
3954:Musophagiformes
3949:
3934:
3915:
3907:
3886:
3878:
3870:
3855:
3846:
3837:
3810:
3797:
3575:
3571:
3564:
3477:
3470:
3434:
3421:
3417:
3408:
3404:
3369:
3365:
3338:
3324:
3316:
3308:
3300:
3292:
3277:
3273:
3262:
3258:
3125:Bird collections
3080:Dinornithiformes
2985:Darwin's finches
2975:Origin of flight
2915:Seabird breeding
2905:Sexual selection
2774:
2767:
2760:
2751:
2723:
2693:
2691:
2685:. Archived from
2676:
2658:
2648:
2646:
2605:
2600:. Archived from
2551:
2550:
2532:
2523:
2522:
2494:
2488:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2474:. Archived from
2460:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2396:
2390:
2389:
2379:
2369:
2345:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2292:
2286:
2285:
2272:
2076:Oldman Formation
1897:
1885:
1873:
1860:
1845:
1833:
1817:
1811:Alagoas curassow
1805:
1793:
1781:
1768:
1753:
1741:
1729:
1717:
1705:
1693:
1681:
1668:
1654:
1642:
1630:
1617:
1605:
1593:
1591:Ortalis ruficeps
1581:
1569:
1567:Ortalis squamata
1557:
1555:Ortalis araucuan
1546:
1534:
1522:
1510:
1504:Chaco chachalaca
1498:
1487:
1475:
1463:
1451:
1439:
1427:
1421:Plain chachalaca
1415:
1404:
1393:
1382:
1370:
1357:
1355:Tribe Ortalidini
1337:
1335:Penelopina nigra
1326:Reichenbach 1861
1325:
1310:
1298:
1286:
1284:Penelope pileata
1274:
1272:Penelope obscura
1262:
1251:Taczanowski 1878
1250:
1238:
1226:
1214:
1203:
1191:
1180:(Bonaparte 1856)
1179:
1167:
1155:
1153:Penelope barbata
1144:(Bonaparte 1856)
1143:
1137:Band-tailed guan
1130:
1115:
1103:
1091:
1074:
1062:
1050:
1038:
1026:
1024:Pipile jacutinga
1013:
999:
981:Reichenbach 1853
980:
954:
943:
928:
917:
902:
899:Procrax brevipes
891:
808:
785:
769:
755:
739:
725:
709:
695:
679:
665:
649:
570:
556:
540:
515:
501:
496:– highland guan
485:
478:
470:
460:Pamela Rasmussen
392:
371:
357:
343:
329:
315:
301:
287:
273:
266:
258:
190:plain chachalaca
129:
67:
66:
41:
27:Temporal range:
21:
4624:
4623:
4619:
4618:
4617:
4615:
4614:
4613:
4584:
4583:
4582:
4577:
4569:
4564:
4556:
4551:
4543:
4538:
4530:
4525:
4517:
4512:
4504:
4499:
4491:
4486:
4478:
4476:
4468:
4463:
4455:
4450:
4442:
4437:
4429:
4424:
4415:
4414:
4409:
4400:
4399:
4394:
4381:
4371:
4366:
4278:
4272:
4264:
4256:
4255:Bucerotiformes
4249:(cuckoo-roller)
4248:
4240:
4232:
4224:
4216:
4208:
4207:Cathartiformes
4193:
4187:
4179:
4178:Psittaciformes
4171:
4163:
4148:
4142:
4141:Pelecaniformes
4134:
4126:
4118:
4110:
4102:
4087:
4081:
4080:Eurypygiformes
4073:
4058:
4052:
4044:
4029:
4023:
4008:
4002:
3984:
3969:
3963:
3955:
3947:
3919:
3913:
3905:
3890:
3884:
3883:Pterocliformes
3876:
3868:
3819:
3808:
3795:
3780:
3704:
3663:
3601:
3566:
3565:
3558:
3557:
3545:
3525:
3498:
3475:
3468:
3428:
3427:
3415:
3414:
3398:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3374:
3359:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3328:
3322:
3321:Casuariiformes
3314:
3313:Apterygiformes
3306:
3298:
3290:
3267:
3252:
3223:Lists by region
3191:
3101:
3094:
3035:Chaoyangiformes
3020:Jeholornithidae
2994:
2958:Origin of birds
2944:
2925:Brood parasites
2871:
2801:
2788:
2778:
2744:Cracidae videos
2730:
2720:10.1139/e96-126
2696:
2689:
2656:
2651:
2622:
2563:
2560:
2555:
2554:
2547:
2534:
2533:
2526:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2481:
2479:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2447:
2445:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2417:
2415:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2347:
2346:
2339:
2329:
2327:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2264:
2248:
2216:Crax fasciolata
2205:
2184:Palaeophasianus
2171:Pierce Brodkorb
2080:Alberta, Canada
1981:Late Cretaceous
1958:biogeographical
1924:
1883:Pauxi koepckeae
1871:Pauxi unicornis
1867:Horned curassow
1834:Burmeister 1856
1818:(Linnaeus 1766)
1806:(von Spix 1825)
1782:(von Spix 1825)
1779:Mitu tomentosum
1751:Crax fasciolata
1703:Crax daubentoni
1655:Rafinesque 1815
1582:(Linnaeus 1766)
1558:(von Spix 1825)
1535:(von Spix 1825)
1532:Ortalis guttata
1485:Ortalis wagleri
1449:Ortalis garrula
1412:Ortalis tantala
1379:Ortalis affinis
1189:Penelope marail
1165:Penelope ortoni
1027:(von Spix 1825)
1016:(piping guans)
877:
872:
863:
854:
845:
836:
827:
818:
636:
627:
618:
609:
581:– wattled guan
452:
447:
438:
429:
420:
411:
402:
248:early branching
218:
128:
61:
51:Crax daubentoni
32:
25:
17:
16:Family of birds
12:
11:
5:
4622:
4620:
4612:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4586:
4585:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4575:
4562:
4549:
4536:
4523:
4510:
4497:
4484:
4474:
4461:
4448:
4435:
4422:
4407:
4391:
4389:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4352:
4340:
4328:
4315:
4312:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4300:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4288:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4280:
4279:
4277:
4276:
4268:
4263:Coraciiformes
4260:
4252:
4244:
4239:Trogoniformes
4236:
4228:
4220:
4212:
4203:
4201:
4195:
4194:
4192:
4191:
4186:Passeriformes
4183:
4175:
4170:Falconiformes
4167:
4162:Cariamiformes
4158:
4156:
4150:
4149:
4147:
4146:
4138:
4130:
4125:Ciconiiformes
4122:
4114:
4106:
4097:
4095:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4077:
4068:
4066:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4056:
4048:
4039:
4037:
4035:Cursorimorphae
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4018:
4016:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3979:
3977:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3959:
3951:
3942:
3940:
3931:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3909:
3900:
3898:
3896:Mirandornithes
3892:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3880:
3872:
3867:Columbiformes
3863:
3861:
3859:Columbimorphae
3852:
3843:
3833:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3812:
3804:
3799:
3794:Meleagridinae
3790:
3788:
3782:
3781:
3779:
3778:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3743:
3736:
3729:
3722:
3714:
3712:
3710:Odontophoridae
3706:
3705:
3703:
3702:
3695:
3688:
3681:
3673:
3671:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3654:
3647:
3640:
3633:
3626:
3619:
3611:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3583:
3581:
3572:
3551:
3550:
3547:
3546:
3544:
3543:
3535:
3533:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3523:
3516:
3508:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3489:Stictonettinae
3486:
3484:Dendrocygninae
3481:
3480:
3479:
3472:
3460:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3437:
3435:
3418:
3405:
3362:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3318:
3310:
3302:
3294:
3285:
3283:
3269:
3268:
3265:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3243:
3237:Notable birds
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3187:Egg collecting
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3137:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3106:
3104:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3070:Hesperornithes
3067:
3062:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3045:Ambiortiformes
3042:
3037:
3032:
3030:Enantiornithes
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3004:
3002:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2954:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2881:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2822:
2817:
2811:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2779:
2777:
2776:
2769:
2762:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2741:
2736:
2729:
2728:External links
2726:
2725:
2724:
2694:
2692:on 2008-09-10.
2667:(6): 946–958.
2649:
2637:(3): 682–694.
2620:
2606:
2604:on 2008-12-17.
2584:(3): 637–645.
2559:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2545:
2524:
2505:(2): 315–325.
2489:
2455:
2425:
2391:
2337:
2312:
2287:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2247:
2244:
2236:great curassow
2232:Ortalis motmot
2204:
2201:
2179:Bathornithidae
2061:paleogeography
2003:junior synonym
1923:
1920:
1907:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1888:
1876:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1808:
1803:Mitu tuberosum
1796:
1794:Reinhardt 1879
1784:
1758:
1757:
1756:
1744:
1735:Black curassow
1732:
1720:
1715:Crax globulosa
1708:
1696:
1684:
1675:Great curassow
1649:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1618:Bonaparte 1853
1612:
1611:
1610:
1609:
1608:
1596:
1584:
1579:Ortalis motmot
1572:
1560:
1549:
1537:
1525:
1513:
1501:
1490:
1478:
1466:
1454:
1442:
1430:
1425:Ortalis vetula
1418:
1407:
1396:
1385:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1301:
1289:
1277:
1265:
1253:
1241:
1229:
1217:
1206:
1194:
1182:
1170:
1158:
1146:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1106:
1081:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1077:
1075:(Pelzeln 1858)
1065:
1063:(Jacquin 1784)
1053:
1051:(Jacquin 1784)
1041:
1039:(Pelzeln 1858)
1029:
1014:Bonaparte 1856
1004:
1003:
1002:
997:Aburria aburri
959:
958:
957:
933:
932:
931:
913:Paleophasianus
907:
906:
905:
876:
875:Classification
873:
869:
868:
865:
864:
860:
859:
856:
855:
851:
850:
847:
846:
842:
841:
838:
837:
833:
832:
829:
828:
824:
823:
820:
819:
815:
814:
811:
810:
795:
792:
791:
788:
787:
772:
767:
765:
762:
761:
758:
757:
742:
737:
735:
732:
731:
728:
727:
712:
707:
705:
702:
701:
698:
697:
682:
677:
675:
672:
671:
668:
667:
660:– horned guan
652:
647:
645:
642:
641:
638:
637:
633:
632:
629:
628:
624:
623:
620:
619:
615:
614:
611:
610:
606:
605:
602:
601:
591:
588:
587:
584:
583:
573:
568:
566:
563:
562:
559:
558:
543:
538:
536:
533:
532:
529:
528:
518:
513:
511:
508:
507:
504:
503:
488:
483:
481:
476:
474:
468:
451:
448:
444:
443:
440:
439:
435:
434:
431:
430:
426:
425:
422:
421:
417:
416:
413:
412:
408:
407:
404:
403:
399:
398:
395:
394:
381:
378:
377:
374:
373:
364:Odontophoridae
360:
355:
353:
350:
349:
346:
345:
332:
327:
325:
322:
321:
318:
317:
304:
299:
297:
294:
293:
290:
289:
276:
271:
269:
264:
262:
256:
232:mound-builders
217:
214:
212:respectively.
157:
156:
155:
154:
149:
141:
140:
136:
135:
123:
119:
118:
113:
109:
108:
103:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
73:
69:
68:
55:
54:
43:
42:
34:
33:
26:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4621:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4599:Bird families
4597:
4595:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4572:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4554:
4550:
4546:
4541:
4537:
4533:
4528:
4524:
4520:
4515:
4511:
4507:
4502:
4498:
4494:
4489:
4485:
4481:
4477:Featherbase:
4475:
4471:
4466:
4462:
4458:
4453:
4449:
4445:
4440:
4436:
4432:
4427:
4423:
4418:
4412:
4408:
4403:
4397:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4388:
4384:
4380:
4375:
4363:
4362:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4345:
4341:
4339:
4338:
4329:
4327:
4326:
4317:
4316:
4313:
4275:
4269:
4267:
4261:
4259:
4253:
4251:
4245:
4243:
4237:
4235:
4229:
4227:
4223:Strigiformes
4221:
4219:
4213:
4211:
4205:
4204:
4202:
4200:
4196:
4190:
4184:
4182:
4176:
4174:
4168:
4166:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4155:
4151:
4145:
4139:
4137:
4131:
4129:
4123:
4121:
4115:
4113:
4107:
4105:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4094:
4090:
4084:
4078:
4076:
4074:(tropicbirds)
4070:
4069:
4067:
4065:
4061:
4055:
4049:
4047:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4005:
3999:
3997:
3996:Podargiformes
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3976:
3972:
3966:
3960:
3958:
3952:
3950:
3946:Cuculiformes
3944:
3943:
3941:
3939:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3926:
3916:
3910:
3908:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3897:
3893:
3887:
3881:
3879:
3873:
3871:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3787:
3783:
3777:
3776:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3765:
3763:
3762:
3758:
3756:
3755:
3751:
3749:
3748:
3744:
3742:
3741:
3737:
3735:
3734:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3707:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3694:
3693:
3689:
3687:
3686:
3682:
3680:
3679:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3670:
3666:
3660:
3659:
3655:
3653:
3652:
3648:
3646:
3645:
3644:Macrocephalon
3641:
3639:
3638:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3625:
3624:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3584:
3582:
3580:
3576:
3573:
3569:
3562:
3556:
3552:
3542:
3541:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3531:Anseranatidae
3528:
3522:
3521:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3505:
3501:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3478:
3473:
3471:
3466:
3465:
3464:
3461:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3443:
3442:
3439:
3438:
3436:
3432:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3413:
3409:
3406:
3402:
3396:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3339:
3335:
3325:
3319:
3317:
3311:
3309:
3305:Tinamiformes
3303:
3301:
3295:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3282:
3281:Palaeognathae
3278:
3274:
3270:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3167:Pigeon racing
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3132:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3097:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3009:Archaeopteryx
3006:
3005:
3003:
3001:
2997:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2878:
2874:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2798:
2795:
2794:
2791:
2786:
2782:
2775:
2770:
2768:
2763:
2761:
2756:
2755:
2752:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2727:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2695:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2619:
2618:84-87334-15-6
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2562:
2561:
2557:
2548:
2546:1-85391-186-0
2542:
2538:
2531:
2529:
2525:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2493:
2490:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2467:
2459:
2456:
2444:
2440:
2438:
2429:
2426:
2413:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2395:
2392:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2326:
2322:
2316:
2313:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2291:
2288:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2271:
2268:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2253:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2202:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2175:Cariamiformes
2172:
2168:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2109:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2097:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2053:
2049:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2034:
2028:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1995:Early Miocene
1992:
1991:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1954:morphological
1951:
1948:
1944:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1916:fossil record
1913:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1879:Sira curassow
1877:
1872:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1861:Temminck 1813
1859:
1858:
1857:
1851:
1844:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1797:
1792:
1788:
1785:
1780:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1759:
1754:von Spix 1825
1752:
1748:
1745:
1742:Linnaeus 1766
1740:
1736:
1733:
1730:von Spix 1825
1728:
1724:
1721:
1718:von Spix 1825
1716:
1712:
1709:
1704:
1700:
1697:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1682:Linnaeus 1758
1680:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1669:Linnaeus 1758
1667:
1666:
1665:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1652:Tribe Cracini
1650:
1641:
1637:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1621:
1620:
1616:
1613:
1604:
1600:
1597:
1594:(Wagler 1830)
1592:
1588:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1573:
1568:
1564:
1561:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:Hellmayr 1906
1545:
1541:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1521:
1517:
1514:
1511:(Wagler 1830)
1509:
1505:
1502:
1499:(Wagler 1830)
1497:
1494:
1491:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1428:(Wagler 1830)
1426:
1422:
1419:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1336:
1332:
1331:Highland guan
1329:
1328:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1316:
1311:von Spix 1825
1309:
1305:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1285:
1281:
1278:
1275:Temminck 1815
1273:
1269:
1266:
1263:von Spix 1825
1261:
1257:
1254:
1249:
1245:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1225:
1221:
1218:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:Temminck 1815
1202:
1198:
1195:
1192:(MĂĽller 1776)
1190:
1186:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1147:
1142:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1133:(15 species)
1129:
1128:
1127:
1121:
1116:(Lesson 1828)
1114:
1110:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1082:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1049:
1048:Pipile pipile
1045:
1042:
1037:
1036:Pipile cujubi
1033:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1005:
998:
994:
991:
990:
988:
984:
983:
979:
978:
977:
971:
970:
968:
967:
964:
960:
953:
952:
947:
946:
942:
941:
940:
934:
927:
926:
921:
920:
916:
915:
914:
908:
901:
900:
895:
894:
890:
889:
888:
882:
881:
880:
874:
867:
866:
858:
857:
849:
848:
840:
839:
831:
830:
822:
821:
813:
812:
809:
807:
802:
801:
794:
793:
790:
789:
786:
784:
779:
778:
771:
770:
764:
763:
760:
759:
756:
754:
749:
748:
741:
740:
734:
733:
730:
729:
726:
724:
719:
718:
711:
710:
704:
703:
700:
699:
696:
694:
689:
688:
681:
680:
674:
673:
670:
669:
666:
664:
659:
658:
651:
650:
644:
643:
640:
639:
631:
630:
622:
621:
613:
612:
604:
603:
600:
598:
597:
590:
589:
586:
585:
582:
580:
579:
572:
571:
565:
564:
561:
560:
557:
555:
550:
549:
542:
541:
535:
534:
531:
530:
527:
525:
524:
517:
516:
510:
509:
506:
505:
502:
500:
495:
494:
487:
486:
480:
479:
472:
471:
467:
465:
461:
457:
449:
442:
441:
433:
432:
424:
423:
415:
414:
406:
405:
397:
396:
393:
391:
386:
380:
379:
376:
375:
372:
370:
365:
359:
358:
352:
351:
348:
347:
344:
342:
337:
331:
330:
324:
323:
320:
319:
316:
314:
309:
303:
302:
296:
295:
292:
291:
288:
286:
281:
275:
274:
268:
267:
260:
259:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
230:
226:
223:
215:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
198:United States
195:
191:
187:
186:South America
183:
179:
176:
172:
168:
164:
153:
150:
148:
145:
144:
142:
137:
132:
127:
124:
121:
120:
117:
114:
111:
110:
107:
104:
101:
100:
97:
94:
91:
90:
87:
84:
81:
80:
77:
74:
71:
70:
65:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
35:
30:
22:
19:
4386:
4359:
4347:
4335:
4323:
4233:(mousebirds)
4231:Coliiformes
4101:Gaviiformes
4093:Aequornithes
4001:Apodiformes
3962:Otidiformes
3938:Otidimorphae
3885:(sandgrouse)
3807:Phasianinae
3773:
3766:
3759:
3754:Odontophorus
3752:
3745:
3738:
3731:
3724:
3717:
3697:
3690:
3683:
3676:
3656:
3649:
3642:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3592:Oreophasinae
3578:
3538:
3518:
3511:
3416:(waterfowls)
3412:Anseriformes
3162:Cockfighting
3147:Conservation
3142:Bird feeding
3130:Birdwatching
3120:Ornithomancy
3060:Gansuiformes
3007:
3000:Fossil birds
2890:Intelligence
2703:
2699:
2687:the original
2664:
2660:
2634:
2628:
2609:
2602:the original
2581:
2577:
2571:
2567:
2536:
2502:
2498:
2492:
2480:. Retrieved
2476:the original
2471:
2465:
2458:
2446:. Retrieved
2442:
2436:
2428:
2416:. Retrieved
2411:
2394:
2357:
2353:
2328:. Retrieved
2324:
2315:
2297:
2290:
2280:
2270:
2249:
2239:
2231:
2221:
2215:
2189:Geranoididae
2182:
2164:
2154:
2149:
2143:
2140:wattled guan
2135:
2112:
2106:
2100:
2094:
2092:
2083:
2078:of southern
2071:
2057:Galloanserae
2045:
2039:Palaeonossax
2037:
2031:
2029:
2016:
2010:
2006:
1988:
1978:
1965:
1961:
1940:
1934:
1908:
1894:
1882:
1870:
1854:
1852:
1842:
1827:
1825:
1814:
1802:
1791:Mitu salvini
1790:
1778:
1762:
1760:
1750:
1739:Crax alector
1738:
1726:
1714:
1702:
1691:Crax alberti
1690:
1678:
1671:(7 species)
1662:
1660:
1657:(curassows)
1651:
1639:
1624:
1622:
1614:
1602:
1590:
1578:
1566:
1554:
1543:
1531:
1523:(Gould 1843)
1519:
1507:
1495:
1484:
1472:
1464:Jardine 1847
1460:
1448:
1436:
1424:
1416:Wetmore 1933
1410:
1399:
1394:Wetmore 1923
1388:
1377:
1364:
1362:
1358:Donegan 2012
1354:
1346:
1334:
1319:
1317:
1307:
1299:Pelzeln 1870
1295:
1283:
1271:
1259:
1247:
1235:
1223:
1220:Crested guan
1211:
1200:
1188:
1176:
1164:
1156:Chapman 1921
1152:
1149:Bearded guan
1140:
1124:
1122:
1112:
1100:
1085:
1083:
1072:Pipile grayi
1071:
1059:
1047:
1035:
1023:
1007:
996:
993:Wattled guan
986:
974:
972:
961:
949:
937:
935:
929:Wetmore 1940
923:
918:Wetmore 1940
911:
909:
897:
885:
883:
878:
798:
797:
775:
774:
745:
744:
715:
714:
685:
684:
655:
654:
594:
593:
576:
575:
546:
545:
521:
520:
491:
490:
453:
383:
362:
334:
307:
306:
280:Megapodiidae
278:
261:Galliformes
250:lineages of
243:
236:Megapodiidae
229:Australasian
219:
177:
166:
162:
160:
139:Subfamilies
125:
50:
18:
4501:iNaturalist
4411:Wikispecies
4361:WikiProject
4271:Piciformes
4154:Australaves
4133:Suliformes
4051:Gruiformes
3906:(flamingos)
3815:Tetraoninae
3786:Phasianidae
3775:Rhynchortyx
3740:Dactylortyx
3607:Megapodidae
3597:Penelopinae
3555:Galliformes
3297:Rheiformes
3291:(ostriches)
3241:individuals
3115:Ornithology
3102:interaction
2857:Preen gland
2482:30 December
2448:30 December
2418:23 November
2400:Gill, Frank
2325:Taxonomicon
2203:Description
2195:-like stem-
2132:extinctions
2030:The genera
1990:Boreortalis
1974:horned guan
1931:Spix's guan
1895:Pauxi pauxi
1769:Lesson 1831
1694:Fraser 1852
1636:Horned guan
1570:Lesson 1829
1405:Miller 1944
1371:Merrem 1786
1287:Wagler 1830
1256:Spix's guan
1227:Wagler 1830
1185:Marail guan
1173:Andean guan
1168:Salvin 1874
1131:Merrem 1786
1104:Salvin 1867
1092:Wagler 1832
1087:Chamaepetes
966:Penelopinae
523:Chamaepetes
385:Phasianidae
252:Galliformes
152:Penelopinae
116:Galliformes
4588:Categories
4111:(penguins)
3964:(bustards)
3802:Perdicinae
3747:Dendrortyx
3719:Callipepla
3651:Megapodius
3616:Aepypodius
3494:Tadorninae
3476:true geese
3307:(tinamous)
3266:Neornithes
3177:Pheasantry
3152:Aviculture
2920:Incubation
2910:Lek mating
2558:References
2360:(1): 209.
2240:Crax rubra
2119:topography
2069:ichnotaxon
1993:(Hawthorn
1972:, but the
1679:Crax rubra
1626:Oreophasis
1347:Subfamily
1321:Penelopina
1239:Bangs 1911
1232:Cauca guan
1161:Baudo guan
1097:Black guan
1006:Subgenus (
985:Subgenus (
657:Oreophasis
493:Penelopina
456:Frank Gill
234:of family
131:Rafinesque
4180:(parrots)
4024:(hoatzin)
3975:Strisores
3956:(turacos)
3948:(cuckoos)
3877:(mesites)
3796:(turkeys)
3768:Philortyx
3685:Agelastes
3678:Acryllium
3669:Numididae
3658:Talegalla
3568:gamebirds
3561:landfowls
3540:Anseranas
3504:Anhimidae
3463:Anserinae
3246:fictional
2968:dinosaurs
2963:Theropoda
2950:Evolution
2895:Migration
2877:Behaviour
2330:30 August
2262:Footnotes
2256:precocial
2152:, 2005).
2102:Nothocrax
2048:Paleogene
2021:Oligocene
1950:sequences
1922:Evolution
1829:Nothocrax
1815:Mitu mitu
1706:Gray 1867
1643:Gray 1844
1631:Gray 1844
1606:Gray 1867
1488:Gray 1867
1440:Gray 1867
963:Subfamily
939:Taoperdix
800:Nothocrax
473:Cracidae
336:Numididae
167:curassows
82:Kingdom:
76:Eukaryota
31:to recent
29:Oligocene
4594:Cracidae
4480:cracidae
4417:Cracidae
4396:Wikidata
4387:Cracidae
4325:Category
4199:Afroaves
4127:(storks)
3929:Passerea
3914:(grebes)
3850:Columbea
3761:Oreortyx
3733:Cyrtonyx
3623:Alectura
3587:Cracinae
3579:Cracidae
3456:Oxyurini
3446:Aythyini
3441:Anatinae
3425:Anatidae
3172:Falconry
3135:big year
2990:Seabirds
2900:Foraging
2847:Feathers
2683:12554460
2598:15878132
2519:87692869
2386:34809586
2307:2246/830
2278:(1815).
2088:dinosaur
2065:Americas
1349:Cracinae
1126:Penelope
969:(Guans)
548:Penelope
308:Cracidae
222:polymath
204:and the
178:Cracidae
147:Cracinae
126:Cracidae
122:Family:
96:Chordata
92:Phylum:
86:Animalia
72:Domain:
24:Cracidae
4402:Q725342
4337:Commons
3841:Neoaves
3726:Colinus
3692:Guttera
3630:Eulipoa
3451:Mergini
3315:(kiwis)
3299:(rheas)
3110:Ringing
2935:Hybrids
2930:Nesting
2885:Singing
2862:Plumage
2837:Dactyly
2807:Anatomy
2797:Outline
2787:: Aves)
2708:Bibcode
2572:Aburria
2377:8609756
2224:turkeys
2193:ostrich
2145:Aburria
2063:of the
2052:Miocene
2033:Procrax
2012:Ortalis
2007:Ortalis
1999:Florida
1912:extinct
1366:Ortalis
987:Aburria
976:Aburria
936:Genus â€
910:Genus â€
887:Procrax
884:Genus â€
687:Ortalis
578:Aburria
196:in the
182:Central
173:in the
112:Order:
102:Class:
4558:109893
4532:175714
4519:104046
4470:1CRAXF
4349:Portal
4225:(owls)
3699:Numida
3637:Leipoa
3520:Chauna
3513:Anhima
3208:Genera
3182:Imping
3100:Human
2940:Colony
2867:Vision
2852:Flight
2681:
2616:
2596:
2568:Pipile
2543:
2517:
2384:
2374:
2197:cranes
2177:under
2157:turkey
2150:et al.
2148:(Grau
2136:et al.
2084:et al.
2067:. The
2017:et al.
1985:fossil
1970:clades
1966:et al.
1962:et al.
1956:, and
1853:Genus
1826:Genus
1761:Genus
1661:Genus
1623:Genus
1363:Genus
1318:Genus
1123:Genus
1084:Genus
1009:Pipile
973:Genus
596:Pipile
175:family
133:, 1815
4571:39331
4514:IRMNG
3469:swans
3431:ducks
3401:fowls
3196:Lists
2820:Brain
2785:class
2781:Birds
2690:(PDF)
2657:(PDF)
2515:S2CID
2127:Andes
2108:Pauxi
1856:Pauxi
747:Pauxi
240:order
194:Texas
171:birds
4545:8982
4540:NCBI
4527:ITIS
4506:2043
4493:5237
4488:GBIF
4465:EPPO
4457:7600
4426:BOLD
2842:Eggs
2830:milk
2825:Crop
2815:Beak
2679:PMID
2614:ISBN
2594:PMID
2541:ISBN
2484:2015
2450:2015
2420:2021
2382:PMID
2332:2024
2252:eggs
2114:Mitu
2111:and
2096:Crax
2036:and
1947:nDNA
1945:and
1764:Mitu
1664:Crax
777:Mitu
717:Crax
184:and
169:are
165:and
161:The
106:Aves
4452:EoL
4444:8MM
4439:CoL
4431:965
2716:doi
2669:doi
2639:doi
2635:121
2630:Auk
2586:doi
2507:doi
2503:135
2372:PMC
2362:doi
2303:hdl
2159:by
2025:mya
2005:of
1997:of
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1952:,
1943:mt
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