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265:(1845) and its impact on women's lives in the nineteenth century. Ellis' work, as well as others that were published around the same time, had compilations of other authors' works. Ellis had intended her work to be for other women, therefore she compiled a number of women's writings in her work, as did other authors more or less dependent on specific ones. This was still during a time when it was well believed that women and men lived in "separate spheres".
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dictionary books that became available to the public in the 1700s, "five times more ... after 1750" than prior. This was because education held a heavier weight in social status so therefore upper-class, higher educated people were reading these books as well as whoever else wanted to have the appearance of more gentleman or lady-like class than they may have been from.
203:
public education) led to great interest in the teaching of elocution, and it became a staple of the school curriculum. American students of elocution drew selections from what were popularly deemed "Speakers." By the end of the century, several
Speaker texts circulated throughout the United States, including McGuffey's
269:"The Artful Woman", a concept of a lady who is able to persuade others, specifically mentioning her husband. According to Abbott, Ellis believes that she had empowered women in their own sphere, so much so he argues in his journal article that it is possible she delayed women stepping "from the parlor to the podium".
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Ellis did not go the lengths that
Sheridan and Walker did when it came to developing theories and rules for elocution but she made it clear through her writing that she believed that the spoken word was powerful and mastering it "deserves the attention" of ladies all around. She comes to this idea of
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One reason these books gained traction was that both authors took a scientific approach and made rhetorically-built arguments in a time period where manual-styled, scientific, how-to books were popular. Including these were "over four hundred editions" of grammar and "two hundred fifteen editions" of
353:
Jason
Munsell, a communications and speech professor, theorizes that part of elocution is strategic movement and visuals. This is suggested due to a major portion of communication occurring digitally. In his journal article from 2011, he wrote that the writings of elocution during the mid-nineteenth
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With the publication of these works and similar ones, elocution gained wider public interest. While training on proper speaking had been an important part of private education for many centuries, the rise in the nineteenth century of a middle class in
Western countries (and the corresponding rise of
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in 1781, which provided detailed instruction on voice control, gestures, pronunciation, and emphasis. Sheridan had a lot of ground to cover with having to be one of the first to establish great ideas about this subject, speaking more vaguely on subjects, but promising to explain them further. While
159:, but on the proper use of gestures, stance, and dress. There was a movement in the eighteenth century to standardize English writing and speaking and elocution was a part of this movement, with the help of Sheridan and Walker. (Another area of rhetoric,
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The era of the elocution movement, defined by the likes of
Sheridan and Walker, evolved in the early and mid-1800s into what is called the scientific movement of elocution, defined in the early period by James Rush's
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century aided women in becoming rhetorically empowered. Munsell, when examining a bulletin from the time period, makes an argument that elocution may have been the beginning of the rhetoric concept of
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during the 19th century. It benefited men and women in different ways; the overall concept was to teach both how to become better, more persuasive speakers, standardize errors in spoken and written
358:, "The bulletin also explained that the function of elocution was to discover possible meanings of a reading, to learn how to express those meanings, then to discover the intended purpose."
517:
Spoel, Philippa (Winter 2001). "Rereading the
Elocutionists: The Rhetoric of Thomas Sheridan's A Course of Lectures on Elocution and John Walker's Elements of Elocution".
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as well as the idea and practice of effective speech and its forms. It stems from the idea that while communication is symbolic, sounds are final and compelling.
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Vannini, Phillip; Waskul, Dennis; Gottschalk, Simon; Rambo, Carol (2010-05-18). "Sound Acts: Elocution, Somatic Work, and the
Performance of Sonic Alignment".
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The once-popular female-dominated genre of elocution set to musical accompaniment in the United States is the subject of a 2017 book by
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In a 2020 article, "'The Artful Woman': Mrs. Ellis and the
Domestication of Elocution", Don Paul Abbott writes about
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99:"An accomplished elocutionist", an illustration of elocutionist performing an open-air recitation, published in
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Elocution emerged as a formal discipline during the eighteenth century. One of its important figures was
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Walker's approach was an attempt to put in place rules and a system on the correct form of elocution.
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Abbott, Don Paul (27 Jan 2020). ""The Artful Woman": Mrs. Ellis and the
Domestication of Elocution".
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The Saikia System: 23 Elocution
Exercises for Teachers and Students of Standard British English
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Munsell, Jason (13 Jan 2011). "Teaching Elocution in the 21-Century Communication Classroom".
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The Elocutionary Movement: British rhetoric in the eighteenth & nineteenth centuries
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467:""A Just and Graceful Elocution": Miscellanies and Sociable Reading"
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and, instead, concerned the style of writing proper to discourse.)
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Study of formal speaking in pronunciation, grammar, style, and tone
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747:. Vol. America Finding Itself. New York: Scribner. pp.
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178:. Thomas Sheridan's lectures on elocution, collected in
19:"Elocutionist" redirects here. For the racehorse, see
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The Elocutionists: Women, Music, and the Spoken Word
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The Elocutionists: Women, Music, and the Spoken Word
151:, elocution was one of the five core disciplines of
277:An example can be seen in the table of contents of
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2096:An article on oratory in 19th century education
519:Rhetorica: A Journal of the History of Rhetoric
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339:VI. — Industry Necessary for the Orator
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325:Exercise III. — Description of a Storm
241:A New Elucidation of Principles of Elocution
1711:A Dialogue Concerning Oratorical Partitions
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319:Exercise I. — The Grotto of Antiparos
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131:in the 18th and 19th centuries and in the
2091:Digital library of old American textbooks
83:Learn how and when to remove this message
1801:Copia: Foundations of the Abundant Style
681:. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
610:. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
46:This article includes a list of general
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322:Exercise II. — The Thunder Storm
2101:Digital facsimile of A.A. Griffith's
2004:Rhetoric of social intervention model
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424:Journal of Contemporary Ethnography
235:(1828), and in the later period by
112:is the study of formal speaking in
465:Williams, Abigail (January 2017).
300:IV. Instructions for Reading Verse
52:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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342:VII. — The Old House Clock
331:V. — The Cataract of Lodore
225:The Philosophy of the Human Voice
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700:. Bristol: Thoemmes Continuum.
209:Manual of Elocution and Reading
677:Kimber, Marian Wilson (2017).
606:Kimber, Marian Wilson (2017).
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1974:List of feminist rhetoricians
740:"Educating the American Mind"
585:10.1080/07350198.2019.1690373
1964:Glossary of rhetorical terms
652:10.1080/17404622.2010.527999
316:. Exercises in Articulation
1811:Language as Symbolic Action
722:. Independently published.
696:Poster, Carol, ed. (2003).
190:, published his two-volume
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328:IV. Hymn to the Night-Wind
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1721:De Optimo Genere Oratorum
281:New Sixth Eclectic Reader
176:Richard Brinsley Sheridan
483:10.1215/00982601-3695990
436:10.1177/0891241610366259
297:III. Accent and Emphasis
288:Principles of Elocution
26:Not to be confused with
1661:De Sophisticis Elenchis
743:. In Dan Rather (ed.).
737:Sullivan, Mark (1996).
539:10.1525/rh.2001.19.1.49
531:10.1525/rh.2001.19.1.49
471:Eighteenth-Century Life
237:Alexander Melville Bell
67:more precise citations.
2114:by William Scott, 1820
1781:De doctrina Christiana
1771:Dialogus de oratoribus
1691:Rhetorica ad Herennium
917:Captatio benevolentiae
174:, actor and father of
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1949:Communication studies
1791:De vulgari eloquentia
1651:Rhetoric to Alexander
639:Communication Teacher
398:, classical elocution
192:Elements of Elocution
180:Lectures on Elocution
147:In Western classical
127:Elocution emerged in
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2112:Lessons in Elocution
2103:Lessons in Elocution
404:, Qur'anic elocution
392:, Christian rhetoric
259:Sarah Stickney Ellis
252:Marian Wilson Kimber
233:Elements of Rhetoric
205:New Juvenile Speaker
21:Elocutionist (horse)
1954:Composition studies
1885:Health and medicine
1751:Institutio Oratoria
958:Eloquentia perfecta
263:Young Ladies Reader
184:Lectures on Reading
163:, was unrelated to
102:The Strand Magazine
2154:Tone (linguistics)
2134:Language education
2039:Terministic screen
1821:A General Rhetoric
1351:Resignation speech
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870:Byzantine rhetoric
215:, and the popular
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2014:Rogerian argument
1761:Panegyrici Latini
853:The age of Cicero
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688:978-0-252-09915-1
617:978-0-252-09915-1
273:Sample curriculum
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1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1439:
1438:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1369:
1362:
1361:War-mongering
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1329:
1328:
1327:Progymnasmata
1325:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1295:Maiden speech
1293:
1291:
1288:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1153:
1152:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
999:
998:
995:
991:
988:
987:
986:
983:
981:
980:
976:
974:
971:
969:
968:
964:
960:
959:
955:
954:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
942:
938:
936:
935:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
918:
914:
913:
905:
904:
897:
896:Modern period
894:
890:
889:
885:
884:
883:
880:
876:
873:
871:
868:
867:
866:
863:
859:
856:
854:
851:
850:
849:
846:
844:
843:Ancient India
841:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
826:Attic orators
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
813:
812:
809:
808:
804:
798:
797:
793:
789:
788:
785:
781:
777:
773:
772:
766:
760:
758:0-684-81573-7
754:
750:
746:
741:
735:
731:
725:
721:
717:
716:Saikia, Robin
713:
709:
707:1-8437-1023-4
703:
699:
694:
690:
684:
680:
675:
674:
670:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
640:
632:
630:
628:
624:
619:
613:
609:
602:
599:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
567:
565:
563:
561:
559:
557:
553:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
513:
511:
509:
505:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
461:
458:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
418:
415:
408:
403:
400:
397:
396:Pronunciation
394:
391:
388:
387:
383:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
365:
361:
359:
357:
348:
341:
338:
337:
335:
330:
327:
324:
321:
318:
317:
315:
312:
311:
305:
302:
299:
296:
293:
290:
289:
287:
286:
285:
283:
282:
272:
270:
266:
264:
261:and her work
260:
255:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
220:
218:
214:
210:
206:
200:
196:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
168:
166:
162:
158:
154:
153:pronunciation
150:
142:
140:
138:
134:
133:United States
130:
125:
123:
120:, style, and
119:
115:
114:pronunciation
111:
104:
103:
97:
87:
84:
76:
66:
62:
56:
55:
49:
44:
35:
34:
29:
28:Electrocution
22:
2111:
2102:
1969:Glossophobia
1941:
1860:Constitutive
1819:
1809:
1799:
1789:
1779:
1769:
1759:
1749:
1739:
1729:
1719:
1709:
1699:
1689:
1679:
1669:
1659:
1649:
1639:
1629:
1619:
1443:Rhetoricians
1356:Stump speech
1273:Invitational
1226:
1216:
1211:Dissoi logoi
1209:
1188:Deliberative
1180:Controversia
1178:
1141:
1134:
1108:
1101:
1094:
1067:
1060:
1048:Pronuntiatio
1046:
1039:
1032:
1025:
1018:
977:
965:
956:
939:
932:
915:
886:
848:Ancient Rome
744:
719:
697:
678:
643:
637:
607:
601:
576:
572:
525:(1): 49–91.
522:
518:
474:
470:
460:
427:
423:
417:
352:
313:
303:V. The Voice
280:
276:
267:
262:
256:
249:
244:
240:
232:
224:
221:
216:
213:Star Speaker
212:
208:
204:
201:
197:
191:
183:
179:
169:
164:
146:
126:
109:
108:
100:
79:
70:
51:
2049:Wooden iron
2009:Rhetrickery
1984:Oral skills
1920:Composition
1855:Contrastive
1675:(c. 350 BC)
1665:(c. 350 BC)
1655:(c. 350 BC)
1645:(c. 350 BC)
1635:(c. 370 BC)
1495:Demosthenes
1475:Brueggemann
1410:Ideological
1261:Homiletics
1174:Declamation
1164:Apologetics
1014:Five canons
882:Renaissance
865:Middle Ages
384:Other forms
306:VI. Gesture
279:McGuffey's
243:(1849) and
227:(1827) and
188:John Walker
65:introducing
2123:Categories
1905:Technology
1895:Procedural
1715:(c. 50 BC)
1701:De Oratore
1565:Quintilian
1560:Protagoras
1415:Metaphoric
1339:Propaganda
1222:Epideictic
1136:Sotto voce
1090:Persuasion
1085:Operations
1027:Dispositio
923:Chironomia
409:References
390:Homiletics
48:references
2139:Phonetics
2019:Seduction
1850:Cognitive
1838:Subfields
1765:(100–400)
1520:Isocrates
1460:Augustine
1450:Aristotle
1425:Narrative
1375:Criticism
1320:Philippic
1234:Panegyric
1217:Elocution
1198:Dialectic
1118:Situation
979:Facilitas
973:Enthymeme
952:Eloquence
934:Delectare
745:Our Times
660:143543010
646:: 16–24.
593:213968732
547:170245236
499:151986399
491:0098-2601
452:143049089
444:0891-2416
378:Philology
284:of 1857:
165:elocution
110:Elocution
2144:Rhetoric
1890:Pedagogy
1870:Feminist
1641:Rhetoric
1631:Phaedrus
1625:(380 BC)
1575:Richards
1545:Perelman
1393:Pentadic
1388:Dramatic
1332:Suasoria
1310:Diatribe
1251:Forensic
1228:Encomium
1193:Demagogy
1062:Imitatio
1034:Elocutio
1020:Inventio
990:Informal
909:Concepts
836:Sophists
831:Calliope
821:Atticism
816:Asianism
784:Rhetoric
776:a series
774:Part of
718:(2020).
579:: 1–15.
373:Orthoepy
362:See also
247:(1867).
161:elocutio
149:rhetoric
73:May 2019
2129:Grammar
1935:Related
1910:Therapy
1900:Science
1865:Digital
1745:(c. 50)
1735:(46 BC)
1725:(46 BC)
1705:(55 BC)
1695:(80 BC)
1685:(84 BC)
1621:Gorgias
1590:Toulmin
1585:Tacitus
1535:McLuhan
1510:Gorgias
1505:Erasmus
1500:Derrida
1465:Bakhtin
1455:Aspasia
1420:Mimesis
1383:Cluster
1315:Eristic
1305:Polemic
1300:Oratory
1278:Lecture
1041:Memoria
985:Fallacy
928:Decorum
875:Trivium
803:History
749:152–157
368:Diction
157:diction
143:History
137:English
129:England
118:grammar
105:in 1891
61:improve
2149:Speech
2105:, 1865
1994:Pistis
1989:Orator
1915:Visual
1825:(1970)
1815:(1966)
1805:(1521)
1795:(1305)
1731:Orator
1671:Topics
1600:Weaver
1530:Lysias
1525:Lucian
1515:Hobbes
1490:de Man
1485:Cicero
1283:Public
1266:Sermon
1241:Eulogy
1169:Debate
1157:Genres
1103:Pathos
1069:Kairos
1056:Hypsos
1002:Scheme
967:Eunoia
947:Device
941:Docere
755:
726:
704:
685:
658:
614:
591:
545:
537:
497:
489:
450:
442:
402:Tajwid
211:, the
207:, the
50:, but
1785:(426)
1775:(102)
1613:Works
1580:Smith
1570:Ramus
1555:Plato
1550:Pizan
1480:Burke
1470:Booth
1405:Genre
1400:Frame
1143:Topos
1128:Grand
1123:Style
1110:Logos
1096:Ethos
1080:Modes
1007:Trope
656:S2CID
589:S2CID
543:S2CID
535:JSTOR
495:S2CID
448:S2CID
1959:Doxa
1755:(95)
1595:Vico
1344:Spin
753:ISBN
724:ISBN
702:ISBN
683:ISBN
612:ISBN
487:ISSN
440:ISSN
122:tone
2034:TED
1880:New
1540:Ong
648:doi
581:doi
527:doi
479:doi
432:doi
239:'s
231:'s
2125::
778:on
751:.
654:.
644:25
642:.
626:^
587:.
577:39
575:.
555:^
541:.
533:.
523:19
521:.
507:^
493:.
485:.
475:41
473:.
469:.
446:.
438:.
428:39
426:.
254:.
116:,
2078:e
2071:t
2064:v
761:.
732:.
710:.
691:.
662:.
650::
620:.
595:.
583::
549:.
529::
501:.
481::
454:.
434::
86:)
80:(
75:)
71:(
57:.
30:.
23:.
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